Preparation for school preschoolers at home. How to prepare your child for school: useful tips. schedule requirements

The key to excellent schooling is a careful, rational organization of preschool education. The ideal age to start it is 3.5-4 years, as children undergo difficult testing when they enter the first grade. With a six-year-old child, starting preschool will be much more difficult. The list of skills upon admission to school is quite extensive, it will be very difficult to learn them in a short time, so you need to start the process as early as possible.

Required skills for admission to grade 1
Main features of the process preschool
Features of home preschool training for children 5-7 years old
Reading lessons
Math lessons
writing lessons
creative process
Psychological preparation
Actions of parents for competent moral preparation of the future student
Physical training and hardening

Required skills for admission to 1st grade:

be able to tell basic information about yourself and your parents, about what you especially like to do;
know the days of the week, months, seasons, time of day;
know printed letters, vowels and consonants, be able to read several sentences and retell them;
have an understanding of addition and subtraction;
know elementary geometric figures, draw them;
be able to serve themselves: put on and take off clothes and shoes, clean up after themselves after dinner and at the desk;
have basic social skills: greet, communicate with classmates and teachers;
know the basic colors and shades;
be able to clearly tell what is drawn in the picture;
know the score up to 20 (both forward and backward);
know the names and images of body parts;
have your own point of view, resolve the dispute with words, not fists;
behave well in class, do not make noise.

The main features of the preschool preparation process

duration of 1 lesson - 15 minutes, fill a 15-20-minute pause with games, a little exercise;
the intensity of classes should be increased little by little, after the child has well understood the previously studied information;
it is important to frequently change different types of lessons so as not to overload with the same type of information;
learning is best organized in the form of a game in order to arouse the interest of the baby. You can’t scold a child if he doesn’t want to study, you need to clearly and calmly explain to him what this is for;
classes should be carried out according to colorful textbooks with an abundance of pictures and not overloaded with textual information.

Features of home preschool training for children 5-7 years old

For successful admission to school, knowing only the alphabet and numbers is not enough. It is necessary to conduct diverse classes, including for the development of creative and social skills, while maintaining an interest in learning.

The more a future first-grader can do when entering school, the easier it will be for him to adapt and the more easier baby can communicate with other students. It is advisable to prepare for school in specialized preschool organizations, but if parents do not have such an opportunity, you can very successfully deal with the baby and on your own, while following the following recommendations.

Reading Lessons:

such lessons should begin with counting familiar things (clothes, vegetables, toys), then proceed to classes on special sticks and cards;
it will be useful to learn numbers in pairs, for example 1 and 2, 3 and 4 (no more than one pair should be completed in one lesson);
it is better to study geometric shapes with the help of simple household items (fruits, cookies of various shapes), and after successful assimilation, start drawing them with a ruler on paper;
It is desirable to combine all these activities.

Writing lessons:

Experts say that the baby will get used to school better if you work out such aspects as:

sincere desire to study;
socialization, sociability, independence;
the ability to reason, research;
attentiveness, ability to concentrate;
the ability to cope with difficulties on their own and not be shy to ask for help from others.

Actions of parents for competent moral preparation of the future student:

talk with the child, listen to him, reason together;
after reading, discuss what was read, encourage the baby to make conclusions;
arrange role play on the school theme, during which to explain the main tasks of the teacher and the student;
praise more often, give instructions in a delicate form;
do not finish the task for the child, he must learn to complete it himself or ask for help;
teach self-reliance, this will contribute to the establishment of healthy relationships with the teacher and classmates;
teach them how to behave in a team, avoid conflicts - for this you need to let them play with friends more often, invite guys home;
by no means make fun of the child in the presence of others, especially on topics that are unpleasant for him - this can negatively affect the self-esteem of the baby, cause psychological problems in adulthood;
explain why you need to go to school, how much knowledge he can get and how interesting it will be to make new friends among classmates;
teach tact and organization, explain how to behave in the classroom and when communicating with other children;
the kid should not be shy to ask for help from the teacher or classmates if he missed something from the material covered;
learn to manage your emotions, to respond correctly to what happened in various situations. All sorts of skits and role-playing games can also help with this.

Physical training and hardening

Parents should properly organize summer holidays, ensure maximum exposure to fresh air, swim together in the sea or river, diversify the diet with an abundance of seasonal fruits and vegetables, limit excessive contact with household chemicals, the urban environment, and play outdoor games with the whole family.

Taking into account the various recommendations of diverse specialists regarding independent preschool activities, parents should also show individual methods, find their own approach, which will especially inspire the baby. Only by paying equal attention to all of the above aspects of preparation, your child will fully enter into new stage their lives while maintaining their physical and mental health.

Reading time 7 minutes

How to prepare a child for school on their own is one of the main issues that worries parents of future students. Often, parents turn to teachers of educational centers for help in this problem, they are worried that their child will enter an educational institution without any problems.

When entering the chosen educational institution, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the list of requirements in advance so as not to create a stressful situation at the beginning of training. After all, there are not rare cases when, at the stage preparatory classes parents are under stress. Only familiarization with the requirements of the educational institution will help parents determine the level of preparation of their child and help to find out if he is ready to enter the school at all.

Parents often place their children's preparation for school unjustifiably on preschool institutions considering that it is a duty professional educators. But in practice, the knowledge acquired by children in preschool educational institutions not enough to move on to the next stage of learning. Based on this, parents should think about how to properly prepare their child for school on their own, without involving other people.

Preparing your child for school: 7 main points

Many parents are not confident in their own abilities and believe that they will not be able to prepare their child for school on their own due to the lack of proper teacher education. But these fears are unfounded, since at present the stores are full of numerous manuals that describe in detail how to prepare a child for school on their own, describe the methods by which the child will achieve certain knowledge and acquire the necessary skills (counting, reading, writing) .

1. Basic skills

Learning to read, independent study of letters and the alphabet.

Learning letters. In the process of learning letters, parents can refer to all sorts of didactic materials: cubes, a magnetic alphabet, cards with the image of letters, etc. In the lessons on the study of letters, regularity and consistency are important, then it will not be difficult for children to remember the letters.

The main thing is to start a new lesson correctly, repeating and consolidating the previously studied topic first, only then starting to study a new one. The most favorable age for learning letters is 3-4 years. Children at this age easily grasp and remember information.

Undoubtedly, at the age of two, children will just as easily be able to remember and show the studied letter, but if you do not systematically conduct consolidation sessions with them, these skills will quickly be forgotten. Therefore, you should think about whether it is necessary to require the memorization of the alphabet from a two-year-old baby.

Development of speech and mastering the skills of coherent reading. At this stage, it is necessary to resort to the help of a primer, he will easily explain to the child how sounds are combined into syllables, and help teach him to read in syllables.

2. Helpers: primers and albums for the development of speech

Today, there are several proven methods that are widely used. Among them: speech therapy primer Kosinova E.M., primer Zhukova N.S., primer Bakhtina E.N. All these methods differ from each other, which makes it possible for parents to choose the most suitable for self-preparation of the child for school.

You can also work with children using the following manuals: “Album on the development of speech for the smallest” by S.V. Batyaeva and "Album on the Development of Speech" by V.S. Volodina. These albums are different from many others. systematic approach to the development of the skill of coherent speech, you can also find tasks with a speech therapy bias in them, which will greatly facilitate the learning process for children with speech therapy problems.

Result:

The main requirements for educational institutions are the ability to read by syllables, the ability to find and highlight syllables in words, the ability to count the number of sounds in a word. Also, a future first-grader should be able to distinguish vowels from consonants and have the skills of coherent speech, i.e. could describe several simple sentences the image in the picture, as well as be able to retell small simple texts, keeping their essence.

3. Acquaintance with the basics of counting, performing elementary mathematical operations

Children of the younger school age(6-7 years old) must confidently count up to 10, while understanding the category of countability, and not mechanically repeating the digital series. There are special exercises that help children analyze the composition of the number. These exercises are the basis of teaching a child to count. That is, the child must understand that the number 2 includes 1 and 1, and 5 is the sum of 2 and 3, etc. Visual aids that lend themselves to easy recalculation come to the aid of the process of assimilation of this knowledge. Such aids include cubes, balls and any other geometric shapes or constructor elements. The main requirement for the allowance is the same shape, size and color. Guided by such a manual, it is enough to simply demonstrate to children the essence of the simplest mathematical operations - addition and subtraction.

4. Assistants to parents in teaching a child mathematics

In order to prepare a child for school on their own, it is necessary to understand that the selected benefits should be as clear as possible to the parent himself, they should clearly describe how a particular lesson is conducted. Such manuals should include both theoretical material and didactic visualization.

A good help in the study of mathematics is the following manual: “Player. Mathematics for Children”, developed by L.G. Peterson and E.E. Kochemasova. Depending on the age periodization, it is divided into several parts: from 3 to 4 years, from 4 to 5, from 5 to 6, from 6 to 7. A methodical notebook has been developed for each part, which includes tasks. Thus, this manual covers all the mathematical education of the future first-grader.

Result:

A preschooler can easily count from 1 to 10, quickly and correctly determines the place of a number in numerical series(6 comes after 5, or before 8), decides simple tasks, which are based on the operations of addition and subtraction of numbers from 1 to 10.

The process of preparing for writing. The process of learning to write will begin directly at school, but it will be nice if the child receives some foundation in this matter at home. Parents are required to teach their child to confidently draw clear lines without resorting to the help of a ruler, to hatch figures or drawings along the contour. Skills that are responsible for general level intellectual development of the child.

Thinking about how to properly prepare a child for school, it is important to pay attention to the general development of a preschooler: the development of attention and memory, training logical thinking and development creativity, the makings of which are available to each person. Reading books is the most effective way of all the above aspects of the development of the child's intellect. At the stage of preparation for school, there is a place to be not independent reading, but joint reading.

However, frequent reading of books by parents for a child contributes to the development of the ability to analyze and discuss. When reading a book to a child, it is necessary to ask questions and learn to draw conclusions about what is read. Parents need to be prepared for the questions and reasoning of the child about what they read, they need to figure out with him what was misunderstood. Love and interest in books contributes to the development of a child's good memory and observation, imagination and the ability to think figuratively.

5. Books that contribute to the intellectual development of the child

For learning purposes, it is necessary to use not only the well-known and beloved fiction, but also encyclopedic editions, while choosing the most visual copies. Also, the interest of the child can be warmed up with puzzles, charades, riddles. Back at self-training a child for school, you can independently come up with various creative tasks or borrow them in special manuals with already prepared tasks for making crafts or applications.

6. Psychological readiness for school

One of the important points in the process of preparing a child for school is the creation of a positive attitude towards the learning process in general and a conscientious attitude to serious and important changes in the life of a child. It is important to help the child not only practically prepare for entering school, but also to help form his desire to study at school, to acquire knowledge.

Often, after the child has gone to school, parents may encounter certain problems: he refuses to fulfill the teacher's requests, behaves badly in class, does not pay attention to comments, and violates discipline.

This is due to a lack of understanding of the value of the learning process, and not at all due to poor education or a deliberate desire to disrupt the lesson. Perhaps at the age of 6 he is not yet ready for training, but by the age of 7 the situation may change radically. Therefore, think about whether your child is psychologically ready for learning, analyze how to independently prepare the child for school, when and at what age he will be ready for this.

7. Self-study: important points

The duration of each homework should not exceed 25-30 minutes. The attention of a six-year-old child will be hard to keep for more than 30 minutes.
It is necessary to alternate the types of classes with each other, calculating the load. After a mathematical lesson, you need to give the preschooler a creative task - to complete a drawing, make an application, crafts. Remember that during the lesson it is necessary to include mobile pauses, since it is difficult for a child at this age to sit in one place for 30 minutes. For this purpose, you can use simple physical exercises.
Never scare your child with school if he doesn’t succeed in something, as this can lead to the formation of a negative attitude towards teachers and school. It is necessary to stimulate not by intimidation, but on the contrary, encouraging and helping to cope with difficulties. You can’t scold a child if something doesn’t work out for him or he doesn’t understand something, in this case he will be afraid of going to school, he will consider himself worse than others.

Preparing for admission to school should begin at least six months in advance. In fact, it is not so difficult to prepare a child for school on his own, as it may seem, in this matter the main thing is to properly organize classes, correctly prepare a learning place so that the child feels comfortable and studies with interest and pleasure. Then he will be able to avoid the stress of entering school, and the process of upcoming education will not be a source of his fears.

Hello dear readers. In this article, we will talk about how to prepare your child for school at home. You will learn what signs indicate the readiness of the baby for the first grade. You will know what exercises are needed to develop all the necessary skills.

Signs of a young student's readiness

The child must be able to serve himself, in particular dress

Some parents manage to send their baby to school at the age of five, because they believe that he is already ripe for the school bench. Others, on the contrary, are in no hurry to do this, they want their daughter or son to have a childhood as long as possible. Let's look at what skills indicate readiness for the first grade:

the child should be able to talk about himself, his hobby, know his family members by name;
the baby should be familiar with the letters, at least printed ones, be able to depict them, it is desirable to understand what vowels and consonants are;
the future student must understand what is the difference between winter and summer, that is, navigate the seasons;
it is very important that the baby understands what morning is, what night is;
it is desirable that a child going to first grade be able to add and subtract easy numbers;
the little one must have an idea of \u200b\u200bsimple geometric shapes and be able to somehow depict them;
it is important that the child is able to retell short texts;
the presence of logical thinking is necessary, so the baby should easily find an extra item from a number of proposed ones, also explain his choice;
it is important that the young schoolboy is able to take care of himself;
knew how to treat others with respect;
knew the primary colors;
was able to describe the image in the pictures;
could count at least up to 10 and backwards;
it is important that the child, depicting people, does not miss the main parts of the body and knows what they are called;
it is desirable that the young schoolboy be familiar with the fact that there are animate and inanimate objects;
it is important that the child can behave calmly in the classroom, not be distracted, listen carefully to the teacher.

My son went to school before school. Kindergarten, and there was active preparation. In addition, I was engaged in creativity with the child at home, they taught me by heart literary works, considered, were engaged in mathematics and logical problems, learned to write. The only problem we faced was that the son, having got into the first grade, knew more than his peers, he was bored in the lessons, because of which he lost interest in school. We were able to completely change his attitude only in the second grade.

Features of preparation

Preparation for school should take place in the form of a game

If you are wondering how to prepare a home child for school, then you need to consider that all classes should take place in a playful way, and you should not focus on what you will study in order to prepare for school. This can be negatively perceived by the child, which will cause dislike for school everyday life.

Let your lessons take place in a creative way, it will be more interesting for the kid to depict something, and not just teach.
Give preference to role-playing games.
To make it easier for the child to adapt later, you can study at home in accordance with the school curriculum. So let the baby have a five-day work week, distribute the lessons for each day. For example:

on Monday you can do writing and reading;
on Tuesday - drawing and mathematics;
on Wednesday - modeling and reading, possibly a foreign language;
on Thursday - writing, mathematics, a foreign language;
Friday - drawing and reading.

You need to make time for physical activity. You must understand that the child will also have physical education. Spend more time outdoors with sports equipment.

We develop memory

Ask your child to draw their memories with a pencil.

To make it easier for the baby to learn new material, memorize poems school curriculum, you need to prepare it in advance, exercising daily. So the exercises for developing memory skills are as follows.

You can start by demonstrating some object, for example, a toy of a certain color. Now ask the child to draw what he saw on a piece of paper. Do not forget to put a few pencils of different colors, let the little one remember the color of the object, and not just its shape.
If your kid watches TV shows, cartoons, then after watching, ask to retell what he saw, preferably in great detail.
Read fairy tales to your child every day, offer to retell what they heard. If the child has difficulties, tell him.
At the end of the day, ask your little one to retell everything that happened during the day. You can also invite the child to depict their impressions on paper.

Tasks for mindfulness

In order for the new information to be better absorbed by the baby, it is necessary that he concentrate his attention on what the teacher will tell and show. That is why it is so important to develop mindfulness. To do this, you will need the following exercises:

start the game to search for an object with a certain letter, for example, in a room you need to find all the objects that start with the letter “m” - a car, a mosaic, an easel, and so on; you can add a spirit of rivalry so that the child competes with another person who can find such items faster and more;
an adult can tell a child a certain story, in the text of which a certain word will be repeatedly repeated, for example, a ball; task - listening to your retelling, clap your hands as soon as the hidden word is pronounced;
you can offer the little one to do two actions at once, he can draw and sing a song, or tell a fairy tale.

Speech skills

Frequent reading of fairy tales contributes to the development of the child's speech skill.

Parents should make sure that the child who goes to school has sufficient vocabulary. For this purpose, you need to deal with it regularly, you can perform the following tasks:

This skill forms the basis of all other skills that a child needs at a school desk. So you can do the following with your child:

learn letters by following alphabetical order;
to make it easier for a child to perceive them, each liter can be depicted with an object that it looks like or with a word starting with this letter;
acquaintance with the alphabet should have a playful form;
read small passages of text to the baby and ask him to look for the letter he has just learned in them;
it will not be superfluous if you offer the little one to retell individual fragments of the text, or at least tell the general essence of the story;

You can see the methods, .

Writing Exercises

In order for the baby to quickly master this skill, it is necessary to deal with it. In addition to the actual writing of the constituent letters, great importance should be given to the development of fine motor skills. Therefore, the tasks for practicing writing will be the following exercises:

tying shoelaces;
cutting applications;
game with constructor, puzzle, mosaic;
hatching with a pencil at different angles;
drawing with felt-tip pens, paints, pencils;
filling in prescriptions;
in mastering the acquaintance with letters, you must first focus on printed letters and only then move on to uppercase.

Fundamentals of Mathematics

To make it easier for the baby mathematical science within the walls of the school, it is necessary to prepare in advance for this subject. To do this, you can do the following:

teach your child to count his objects, let them be pyramid rings, multi-colored balls, cars, when he masters this building with toys, you can switch to special counting sticks;
Paired study of numbers is considered effective, for example, 5 and 6, 3 and 4, it is easier for a child to realize that there is a smaller number, when you add one item to it, it will become one more;
you can get acquainted with the basics of geometry using specially prepared geometric shapes cut out of cardboard or felt, or cookies of various shapes, especially if you bake it by hand;
if your baby is already familiar with the main figures, then you can begin to study the process of their image, use a simple pencil and a ruler for this purpose;
we develop the mathematical abilities of the child, it is necessary to alternate between different types activities.

Let's look at the basic psychological aspects of how to prepare a child for school.

Talk to the baby as often as possible, ask about what interests him.
If we are reading together, ask questions about the text.
To make it easier for the baby to adapt, play school, use your favorite toys, dolls, plush animals for this purpose. Remember to reverse the roles of teacher and student.
It is very important that the kid who is engaged in some kind of creativity does not quit what he started in the middle. You must teach your child to see things through to the end. If he can't do something, tell him.
It is very important to give up superfluous guardianship in time. The kid should become independent. In addition, you need to be prepared for the fact that the child will be mocked if the student is tying his shoelaces or helping to take off his jacket.
Contribute to the active communication of the child with peers, so that it is easier for him to join the new team.
Be sure to talk about how useful the knowledge gained at school will be.
Tell your child to be quiet in the classroom and listen to the teacher, otherwise he will miss the necessary information and will not be able to learn the material.
Teach your child to be calm, disciplined, to treat classmates and teachers with respect, never to sort things out by shouting.

Now you know how parents prepare their child for school. Remember that the baby needs to be developed comprehensively, pay attention to both psychological, intellectual and physical development. The process of preparing for the school bench should be unobtrusive, you should not deal with the baby through force, such actions will only give negative results.

The time is approaching when your child will wear the proud title of first grader. And in this regard, parents have a lot of worries and worries: where and how to prepare the child for school, is it necessary, what the child should know and be able to do before school, send him to the first grade at six or seven years old, and so on. There is no universal answer to these questions - each child is individual. Some children are fully ready for school at the age of six, and with other children at the age of seven there is a lot of trouble. But one thing is for sure - it is imperative to prepare children for school, because it will be an excellent help in the first grade, will help in learning, and will greatly facilitate the adaptation period.

Being ready for school does not mean being able to read, write and count.

To be ready for school means to be ready to learn all this, the child psychologist L.A. Wenger.

What does preparation for school include?

Preparing a child for school is a whole complex of knowledge, skills and abilities that a preschooler should possess. And this includes not only the totality of the necessary knowledge. So, what does quality preparation for school mean?

In the literature, there are many classifications of a child's readiness for school, but they all come down to one thing: readiness for school is divided into a physiological, psychological and cognitive aspect, each of which includes a number of components. All types of readiness should be harmoniously combined in the child. If something is not developed or not fully developed, then it can serve as problems in schooling, communicating with peers, acquiring new knowledge, and so on.

The physiological readiness of the child for school

This aspect means that the child must be physically ready for school. That is, the state of his health should allow him to successfully pass educational program. If a child has serious deviations in mental and physical health, then he must study in a special correctional school that provides for the peculiarities of his health. In addition, physiological readiness implies the development of fine motor skills (fingers), coordination of movement. The child must know in which hand and how to hold the pen. And also, when a child enters the first grade, he must know, observe and understand the importance of observing basic hygiene standards: the correct posture at the table, posture, etc.

Psychological readiness of the child for school

The psychological aspect includes three components: intellectual readiness, personal and social, emotional-volitional.

Intellectual readiness for school means:

by the first grade, the child should have a stock of certain knowledge
he is supposed to navigate in space, that is, to know how to get to school and back, to the store, and so on;
the child should strive to acquire new knowledge, that is, he should be inquisitive;
development of memory, speech, thinking should be age-appropriate.

Personal and social readiness implies the following:

the child must be sociable, that is, be able to communicate with peers and adults; aggression should not be shown in communication, and when quarreling with another child, he should be able to evaluate and look for a way out of a problem situation; the child must understand and recognize the authority of adults;
tolerance; this means that the child must adequately respond to constructive comments from adults and peers;
moral development, the child must understand what is good and what is bad;
the child must accept the task set by the teacher, listening carefully, clarifying unclear points, and after completing it, he must adequately evaluate his work, admit his mistakes, if any.

The emotional-volitional readiness of the child for school involves:

understanding by the child why he goes to school, the importance of learning;
interest in learning and acquiring new knowledge;
the ability of the child to perform a task that he does not quite like, but requires it training program;
perseverance - the ability to listen carefully to an adult for a certain time and complete tasks without being distracted by extraneous objects and affairs.

Cognitive readiness of the child for school

This aspect means that the future first grader must have a certain set of knowledge and skills that will be needed for successful schooling. So, what should a child of six or seven years old know and be able to do?

Attention.

Do something without distraction for twenty to thirty minutes.
Find similarities and differences between objects, pictures.
To be able to perform work according to a model, for example, accurately reproduce a pattern on your sheet of paper, copy human movements, and so on.
It is easy to play mindfulness games where quick reaction is required. For example, call creature, but before the game, discuss the rules: if the child hears a pet, then he should clap his hands, if it is wild - knock with his feet, if the bird - wave his hands.

Maths.
Numbers from 1 to 10.

Counting forward from 1 to 10 and counting backward from 10 to 1.
Arithmetic signs ">", "< », « = ».
Dividing a circle, a square in half, four parts.
Orientation in space and a sheet of paper: right, left, above, below, above, below, behind, etc.

Memory.

Memorization of 10-12 pictures.
Telling rhymes, tongue twisters, proverbs, fairy tales, etc. from memory.
Retelling a text of 4-5 sentences.

Thinking.

Finish the sentence, for example, “The river is wide, but the stream ...”, “The soup is hot, but the compote ...”, etc.
Find an extra word from a group of words, for example, “table, chair, bed, boots, armchair”, “fox, bear, wolf, dog, hare”, etc.
Determine the sequence of events, what happened first, and what - then.
Find inconsistencies in drawings, verses-fictions.
Putting together puzzles without the help of an adult.
Fold a simple object out of paper together with an adult: a boat, a boat.

Fine motor skills.

It is correct to hold a pen, pencil, brush in your hand and adjust the force of their pressure when writing and drawing.
Color objects and hatch them without going beyond the outline.
Cut with scissors along the line drawn on the paper.
Run applications.

Speech.

Make sentences from several words, for example, cat, yard, go, sunbeam, play.
Recognize and name a fairy tale, riddle, poem.
Compose a coherent story based on a series of 4-5 plot pictures.
Listen to the reading, the story of an adult, answer elementary questions about the content of the text and illustrations.
Distinguish sounds in words.

The world.

Know the basic colors, domestic and wild animals, birds, trees, mushrooms, flowers, vegetables, fruits and so on.
Name the seasons, natural phenomena, migratory and wintering birds, months, days of the week, your last name, first name and patronymic, the names of your parents and their place of work, your city, address, what professions are.

What do parents need to know when working with a child at home?

Homework with a child is very useful and necessary for a future first grader. They have a positive effect on the development of the child and help in bringing all family members closer together, establishing trusting relationships. But such activities should not be forced for the child, he must first of all be interested, and for this it is best to offer interesting tasks, and choose the most suitable moment for classes. No need to tear the child away from the games and put him at the table, but try to captivate him so that he himself accepts your offer to work out. In addition, when working with a child at home, parents should know that at the age of five or six, children are not distinguished by perseverance and cannot perform the same task for a long time. Classes at home should not last more than fifteen minutes. After that, you should take a break so that the child is distracted. It is very important to change activities. For example, at first you did logical exercises for ten to fifteen minutes, then after a break you can do drawing, then play outdoor games, then make funny figures from plasticine, etc.

Parents need to know one more very important psychological feature children preschool age: their main activity is the game through which they develop and gain new knowledge. That is, all tasks should be presented to the baby in a playful way, and homework should not turn into studying proccess. But while studying with a child at home, it is not even necessary to set aside some specific time for this, you can constantly develop your baby. For example, when you are walking in the yard, draw your child's attention to the weather, talk about the season, notice that the first snow has fallen or the leaves have begun to fall off the trees. On a walk, you can count the number of benches in the yard, porches in the house, birds on the tree, and so on. On vacation in the forest, introduce the child to the names of trees, flowers, birds. That is, try to make the child pay attention to what surrounds him, what is happening around him.

Various educational games can be of great help to parents, but it is very important that they match the age of the child. Before showing the game to a child, get to know it yourself and decide how useful and valuable it can be for the development of the baby. We can recommend a children's loto with images of animals, plants and birds. It is not necessary for a preschooler to purchase encyclopedias, most likely they will not interest him or interest in them will disappear very quickly. If your child has watched a cartoon, ask them to talk about its content - this will be a good speech training. At the same time, ask questions so that the child sees that this is really interesting for you. Pay attention to whether the child pronounces words and sounds correctly when telling, if there are any mistakes, then gently talk about them to the child and correct them. Learn tongue twisters and rhymes, proverbs with your child.

We train the child's hand

At home, it is very important to develop the child's fine motor skills, that is, his hands and fingers. This is necessary so that the child in the first grade does not have problems with writing. Many parents make a big mistake by forbidding their child to pick up scissors. Yes, you can get hurt with scissors, but if you talk to your child about how to properly handle scissors, what can and cannot be done, then the scissors will not pose a danger. Make sure that the child does not cut randomly, but along the intended line. To do this, you can draw geometric shapes and ask the child to carefully cut them out, after which you can make an appliqué out of them. This task is very popular with children, and its benefits are very high. Modeling is very useful for the development of fine motor skills, and children really like to sculpt various koloboks, animals and other figures. Teach finger warm-ups with your child - in stores you can easily buy a book with finger warm-ups that are exciting and interesting for the baby. In addition, you can train the hand of a preschooler by drawing, hatching, tying shoelaces, stringing beads.

When a child completes a written task, make sure that he holds a pencil or pen correctly so that his hand is not tense, for the posture of the child and the location of the sheet of paper on the table. The duration of the written assignments should not exceed five minutes, while the importance is not the speed of the assignment, but its accuracy. You should start with simple tasks, for example, tracing an image, gradually the task should become more complicated, but only after the child copes well with an easier task.

Some parents do not pay due attention to the development of fine motor skills of the child. As a rule, due to ignorance, how important this is for the success of a child in the first grade. It is known that our mind lies at our fingertips, that is, the better fine motor skills a child has, the higher its overall level of development. If a child has poorly developed fingers, if it is difficult for him to cut and hold scissors in his hands, then, as a rule, his speech is poorly developed and he lags behind his peers in his development. That is why speech therapists recommend parents whose children need speech therapy classes, simultaneously engage in modeling, drawing and other activities for the development of fine motor skills.

To ensure that your child is happy going to first grade and is prepared for school, so that his studies are successful and productive, heed the following recommendations.

1. Don't be too hard on your child.

2. The child has the right to make mistakes, because mistakes are common to all people, including adults.

3. Make sure that the load is not excessive for the child.

4. If you see that the child has problems, then do not be afraid to seek help from specialists: a speech therapist, a psychologist, etc.

5. Study should be harmoniously combined with rest, so arrange small holidays and surprises for your child, for example, go to the circus, museum, park, etc. on weekends.

6. Follow the daily routine so that the child wakes up and goes to bed at the same time, so that he spends enough time in the fresh air so that his sleep is calm and full. Exclude outdoor games and other vigorous activities before going to bed. Reading a book before bed as a family can be a good and useful family tradition.

7. Nutrition should be balanced, snacks are not recommended.

8. Observe how the child reacts to various situations, how he expresses his emotions, how he behaves in in public places. A child of six or seven years old must control his desires and adequately express his emotions, understand that not everything will always happen the way he wants it. Special attention should be paid to the child if, at preschool age, he can publicly make a scandal in the store, if you do not buy something for him, if he reacts aggressively to his loss in the game, etc.

9. Provide the child with all the necessary materials for homework so that at any time he can take plasticine and start sculpting, take an album and paints and draw, etc. Take a separate place for materials so that the child can manage them independently and keep them in order .

10. If the child is tired of studying without completing the task, then do not insist, give him a few minutes to rest, and then return to the task. But still, gradually accustom the child so that for fifteen to twenty minutes he can do one thing without being distracted.

11. If the child refuses to complete the task, then try to find a way to interest him. To do this, use your imagination, do not be afraid to come up with something interesting, but in no case do not scare the child that you will deprive him of sweets, that you will not let him go for a walk, etc. Be patient with the whims of your desire.

12. Provide your child with a developing space, that is, strive for your baby to be surrounded by as few useless things, games, and objects as possible.

13. Tell your child how you studied at school, how you went to first grade, look through your school photos together.

14. Form a positive attitude towards school in your child, that he will have many friends there, it is very interesting there, the teachers are very good and kind. You can’t scare him with deuces, punishment for bad behavior, etc.

15. Pay attention to whether your child knows and uses “magic” words: hello, goodbye, sorry, thank you, etc. If not, then perhaps these words are not in your vocabulary. It is best not to give the child commands: bring this, do that, put them away, but turn them into polite requests. It is known that children copy the behavior, manner of speaking of their parents.