Preparation for the written part of the exam in German. Success strategy. Preparing for the exam in German Assignments for the exam in German manuals

USE in German less than one percent of students pass by choice. It is significantly inferior in popularity to English, and yet it ranks second among the language exams. In terms of complexity, it is equal to other language exams and consists of the same sections: listening; reading; grammar and vocabulary; letter; speaking (optional). The graduate needs to complete 44 assignments: 40 written and 4 oral assignments. The written part is given 180 minutes (3 hours). The oral part, which is handed over on another day, is given 15 minutes. In case of refusal of the oral part, the graduate will not be able to score more than 80 points.

Read the general information about the exam and start preparing. Control and measuring materials did not change in 2019, however, the passing score increased from 20 to 22.

EGE assessment

Exam pass guarantee - if you answer at least 17 questions from section 3 or sections 2 and 3 correctly. This earns you 17 primary points, that is, when transferred to test - 22 points. In order to translate the result into a five-point system, refer to our table.

Structure of the USE written test

In 2019, the written part of the test consists of four sections, including 40 tasks.

Section 1: Listening (1-9), the answers to the tasks are a number or a sequence of numbers.
Section 2: Reading (10-18), the answers to the tasks are a number or a sequence of numbers.
Section 3: Grammar and Vocabulary (19–38), the answer to the task is a number, a word or several words, written without spaces and punctuation marks.
Section 4: Writing (39-40), consists of two tasks - writing a personal letter and a statement with elements of reasoning.

Preparation for the exam

Pass the USE tests online for free without registration and SMS. The presented tests are identical in their complexity and structure to the real exams held in the corresponding years.

Download demo versions of the exam in German, which will allow you to better prepare for the exam and make it easier to pass it. All proposed tests were developed and approved for preparation for the Unified State Examination by the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements (FIPI). In the same FIPI, all official USE options.
The tasks that you will see, most likely, will not be found on the exam, but there will be tasks similar to the demo ones on the same topic.

General USE numbers

Year	Min. USE score	Average score	Number of applicants	Did not pass, %	Qty 100 points	Duration- exam length, min.
2009	20
2010	20	41,07	4 177	12,1	0	160
2011	20	48,99	2 746	6,6	2	160
2012	20	57,1	3 125	3,4	1	160
2013	20	58,6	2 768	3,3	4	180
2014	20					180
2015	22					180
2016	22					180
2017	22					180
2018

Preparation for the exam in German

At present USE time is the main form of attestation in general education schools in Russia. Therefore, students and their parents want to be well prepared for this exam to be able to apply for maximum amount universities, including those that require high and very high results in this exam.

Reasons for choosing to pass the exam in German

In addition, it should be noted that today many people choose to take an exam in German, since there is less competition with the German language and thus the chance to enter a prestigious university increases exponentially.
It should also be noted that the German language is needed today not only for the exam, that is, in educational purposes, but also vital, since there are numerous German, Austrian and Swiss companies on the Russian market and they are successfully developing, work in which requires a good knowledge German language.

Thus, preparing for the Unified State Examination in German, you not only have the opportunity to enter a prestigious university, but also get the opportunity to find a job in a large Western company.

Required language level for successful passing the exam in German

But it should immediately be noted that the level language skills required to pass the exam is B1/B2.

To dial maximum score, the language level should be close to B2.

In addition, not only knowledge of the language is important, but also knowledge of the format of the exam. Despite the fact that the USE format has been brought closer to the format of the exam for international certificates, there are still significant differences. Most students are not familiar with the format of international exams.

What does the German exam consist of?

On the this moment The exam in German includes four sections:

listening,
reading,
grammar and vocabulary,
letter.

In 2009, it was decided to abolish one section of the speaking exam. This section was reintroduced in 2015.

Now let's take a closer look at each part that is included in the exam in German.

listening

This section of the examination paper includes three tasks of different levels of complexity and different types.

1) The first task is aimed at the ability to understand the main (general) content of the audio text.
2) The second task is aimed at testing the ability to understand in detail the content of the audio text. The main difficulty here is the tasks where you need to recognize whether the information was given in the text incorrectly or it was not mentioned in the text. That is, in the task it is proposed to indicate whether the statement was “true”, “incorrect”, “not said in the text”.
3) The third task is aimed at testing the ability to extract purposefully given information from the text.

1) Have experience in listening. Unfortunately, schools today pay very little attention to this aspect, and therefore this section presents a certain difficulty for schoolchildren.
2) Be able to adapt to different listening conditions of audio material. The recording on the exam may not be of very good quality, extraneous noise, etc. - you have to be ready for everything!
3) Be able to adapt to hearing the voices of different timbres (female, male, children's, low, high)
4) Have the skills of listening to the text of a monologue and dialogic nature.
5) To master the strategies of global understanding (tasks of the first type), selective understanding (tasks of the second type) and detailed understanding (tasks of the third type) of the text.
6) Own an active dictionary within the framework necessary for the successful passing of the exam in German.

How to avoid mistakes when performing tasks in the section "Auditing".

1) Read assignments carefully. An erroneous interpretation of the task leads to erroneous answers.
2) When completing tasks (A1-A7), do not try to understand the message of the text, concentrate your attention on the requested information! To successfully complete these tasks, you need to understand the difference between the answers “wrong” and “the text does not say”. The answer “not stated in the text” means that the text does not contain information on this issue.
3) When completing tasks A8-A14, it is necessary to fully listen to the text and concentrate your attention to the end, since the answer may be at the very end of the text.
4) You need to be able to highlight the key information and be able to filter out the information that leads away from the key. That is, you need to be able to focus on the main information and ignore phrases that lead away from the main idea and essence of the statement.

Reading

This section of the examination paper also includes three tasks of different levels of complexity and different types.
To successfully complete this part of the assignment, you must have experience in communicatively oriented reading.

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this USE section in German.

The following skills are important here:
1) The ability to understand the general content of an informational text (tasks of the first type)
2) Skills of detailed understanding of the text.
3) The ability to purposefully extract the necessary information, that is, to use a selective reading strategy.

For the successful completion of these tasks, knowledge of lexical material is naturally necessary. It is important to be able to ignore unfamiliar words that do not occupy key positions in the text and therefore they are not important for understanding the text. It is also important to be able to guess the meaning of unfamiliar words from the context. In tasks of the second type, a good command of grammatical material plays an important role.

How to avoid mistakes when completing tasks in the "Reading" section.

1) In tasks basic level(B2) do not focus your attention on unfamiliar words that you encounter - this takes time. Tasks of this type do not require a detailed understanding of the entire text. You should show linguistic guess (understand the meaning of the word from the context), and in some cases ignore the given unfamiliar word.
2) In tasks of an increased level of complexity, you need to be able to highlight key information and be able to filter out information that leads away from key information. That is, you need to be able to focus on the main information and ignore phrases that lead away from the main idea and the essence of the statement.
3) In tasks B3, be able to immediately see integral grammatical structures, which immediately narrows and facilitates the choice of the appropriate part of the sentence.

Grammar and vocabulary

This section tests the language competence of the subjects, that is, their knowledge of the grammatical and lexical resources of the German language. Like all tasks, these tasks also have a communicative focus.

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this section of the exam in German.

1) The tasks of the basic and advanced levels of complexity set the task of testing the skill of using the basic grammatical forms of the German language in context. The subjects must be able to perform grammatical transformation of the original form of the verb, adjective, noun.
2) When performing tasks, be able to rely on the context.
3) Be able to use the strategy of probabilistic forecasting, that is, without seeing the answers themselves, guess which lexeme can be filled in the corresponding gap in the sentence.

For the successful completion of these tasks, it is naturally necessary to possess lexical material in the right amount. A lexical unit should be learned with the whole set of grammatical parameters (noun gender, declension type, basic verb forms, verb control, etc.). Know the necessary synonyms, as well as those cases when these synonyms cannot be interchanged, for example. "wissen" - "kennen", "anbieten" - "vorschlagen", etc.

How to avoid mistakes when completing tasks in the "Grammar and Vocabulary" section.

1) When completing tasks B4-B10, it is imperative to read the entire text, since this is a coherent text, to determine at what time the narration is going on. Very often the form of the verb is put in the wrong tense form. This recommendation also applies to items B 11-B16 and A22-A28.
2) The main difficulty here is the conjugation of strong and modal verbs, the formation of the plural of nouns, the weak and strong declension of adjectives, the formation of degrees of comparison.
3) When completing tasks A22-A28, it is necessary to take into account not only the lexical meaning of the word, but also its grammatical parameters (noun gender, verb control, etc.). This grammar hint allows you to choose the correct answer right away.

Letter

The "Writing" section includes a task of the basic level C1 and a task of advanced complexity C2.

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this section of the exam in German.

Part C1.

1) Be able to correctly implement their communicative intentions using language means: expressing greetings / farewells, expressing wishes, congratulations, joy, etc., giving advice, describing events, etc.
2) Be able to write a letter correctly.
3) Own the conventions of politeness and propriety.

Part C2.

1) Be able to correctly and logically build a statement.
2) Be able to use appropriate speech cliches to express different points of view on a given topic.
3) Be able to express your point of view using the entire palette of language (grammatical and lexical) means, which demonstrates your command of the language at a high level.
For part C1 you can score a maximum of 6 points, for part C2 - a maximum of 14 points.

How to avoid mistakes when completing tasks in the "Letter" section.

2) Do not forget the formal signs of the letter (date, etiquette forms of greeting and farewell).

3) A personal letter must be properly structured.

4) Be sure to answer the questions posed in the text of the letter, that is, solve the set communicative task.

5) In task C2, start the topic with general idea and immediately outline the problematic nature of the topic, using clichés, for example, Einleitend muss gesagt werden, dass ...

6) In no case should the proposed text be written off, it must be paraphrased using synonymous expressions and constructions.

7) write an essay according to the proposed plan, that is, first express your opinion, argue, then weigh all the pros and cons of a different view of this problem.

8) Keep track of the volume of the text (insufficient volume or its significant excess can lead to a decrease in the grade). The volume for a personal letter (task C1) is 100-140 words), the volume of a detailed written statement (task C2) is 200-250 words.

If the completed task C1 has less than 90 words, and the task C2 has less than 180 words, then such a task is not subject to verification and is evaluated at 0 points. When checking task C1, 140 words are counted, while checking task C2, 250 words, and only this part of the work is checked.

9) Use language means of communication within a single sentence (conjunctions, adverbs, etc.), as well as for a holistic construction of the text.

10) Cover exactly the problem that is indicated in the task, and not deviate from the topic. Even if task C2 is completed at a high level, but the given topic was not covered at the same time, the task will be evaluated at 0 points.

11) I categorically do not recommend writing an essay and a personal letter on the exam first in a draft, as it will take you most of the time. In the draft, you can sketch out a plan, that is, your arguments (arguments) to defend your point of view and possible counterarguments. As for lexical means of communication, that is, in order for your essay and letter to look logical, all this must be prepared in advance and you write automatically during the exam - this helps a lot to save time and at the same time maintain the correct structure of the essay and personal letter.

texts, that can help in writing an essay (Unified State Examination in German)

How to write an essay (USE in German). A more detailed plan will appear later. Keep for updates

oral part(Unified State Examination in German)

Now graduates must also take the oral part in the USE in German (Sprechen).

This part consists of four tasks.

First task.

AT first task, the examinee must read an excerpt from the text of a stylistically neutral, informational or popular science character. For a successfully completed task, you get 1 point.
Here the phonetic component is evaluated: intonation contours, the correct pronunciation of sounds, words, stress. In schools, unfortunately, it is not customary to pay attention to this, but phonetically correct speech is important not only for the exam, but also for Everyday life so that the interlocutor can understand you. Therefore, I always start my lesson with a phonetic warm-up.

There are also typical moments here when phonetic mistakes are made, for example, beObachten (where "o" is pronounced with a hard attack) or TheAter.

It is necessary to pay attention to the stress, for example, in the word AugUst, the stress falls on the second syllable, if it is the month of August, and if the name is August, then on the first syllable.

In the word "vier" the sound "i" is long, and in the word "vierzehn" the sound "i" is short.

Please check out the article:

Second task

In second task, it is necessary to formulate five questions to obtain more complete information from a conditional interlocutor. For the successful completion of this task, you can get 5 points, that is, for each correctly formulated question, one point.

Here are evaluated form and content question.

To do this, your attention is invited to a picture-stimulus and a few strong points that will help in the preparation of questions.

To successfully complete this task, you need to remember the construction of interrogative sentences.

Five direct questions must be asked, that is: Wo kann ich Tickets kaufen? Haben Sie Ermässgungen?

We must remember that each question is given 20 seconds, that is, at home you must definitely practice with a timer.

Effective preparation includes the following: for each keyword, try to write 3-4 questions, e.g.,

word, phrase-stimulus:

Ermäßigungen für Schüler

Possible questions:

Gibt es Ermäßigungen fur Schüler?
Haben Sie Ermäßigungen fur Schüler?
Welche Ermäßigungen haben Sie für Schüler?
In welchem Fall können die Schüler Ermäßigungen bekommen?

After a while, you will bring this part of the task to automatism.

Third task

Third the task involves describing one of the three photographs. The range of topics is quite wide.

You will have 1.5 minutes to prepare, and 2 minutes. for the answer (I remind you that you can’t make notes on the oral exam!). At home, be sure to work out with a timer.

For a successfully completed task you get 7 points.

Each task has a standard plan.

a) Wann haben Sie das Foto gemacht?
b) Was oder wen zeigt das Foto?
c) Was passiert da gerade?
d) Warum bewahren Sie das Foto in Ihrem Fotoalbum auf?
e) Warum haben Sie beschlossen, das Foto Ihrer Freundin (Ihrem Freund) zu zeigen?

Typically, a description of a photo begins with the phrase:

Ich habe das Foto Nummer X gewählt. (this phrase is not taken into account when checking)

Then they move on to introductory part:

I ch weiß, dass du jetzt nicht so viel Zeit hast. Aber ich möchte dir ein interessantes Foto zeigen.

Endlich hast du Zeit für mich, und ich kann dir ein Foto zeigen.

Weißt du, endlich kann ich dir ein Foto zeigen.

Then we go directly to the questions that are contained in this task.

Part a) Wann haben Sie das Foto gemacht?

The next part may contain suggestions:

Ich habe das Foto im letzten Winter gemacht. Da war ich mit meiner Familie (mit meinen Freunden) ...

Part b) Was oder wen zeigt das Foto?

To successfully complete the next part, you need to master such vocabulary as Beschreibung eines Bildes:

Das Foto zeigt einen Mann, eine Frau ...
Auf dem Foto ist ein Mann zu erkennen.
Vorne / hinten erkennt man …
Im Vordergrund / Hintergrund befindet sich …
In der Bildmitte sieht man …
… ist scarf / unscharf. Auf der rechten (linken) Bildhälfte sieht man ...
Links (Rechts) vom Mann (von der Frau) ist ... zu sehen.

Part c) Was passiert da gerade?

Here we move on to the next part of the task, namely the description of what is happening in the selected photo, in this part we make assumptions:

Here you need to learn a few phrases-assumptions:

Ich glube, meine, nehme an, vermute, dass...

Es könnte sein, dass...

Ich habe den Eindruck, dass ...

Die Frau da rechts scheint traurig zu sein.

Part d) Warum bewahren Sie das Foto in Ihrem Fotoalbum auf?

Now let's move on to the point why we decided to save this photo.

There may be several strategies here, one of them must be chosen and learned as a blank, for example,

1. Ich habe das Foto deswegen aufbewahrt, weil ich mich gerne an die Momente erinnere, wo (wenn) ich ....

2. Du weißt ja, dass ich mich für Fotografieren interessiere. Und ich bewahre meine besten und schönsten Fotos auf, denn ich will sie später meinen Freunden (meinen Verwandten) zeigen.

Part e) Warum haben Sie beschlossen, das Foto Ihrer Freundin (Ihrem Freund) zu zeigen?

Now let's move on to the point why we decided to show this photo to a friend.

There are also several options here:

Ich zeige dir dieses Foto, weil ich wei ß , dass du auch diese Reise machen willst.

Ich zeige dir dieses Foto, um dich zu überzeugen, dass ...

Ich zeige dir dieses Foto, weil ich weiß, dass du dich dafür interessierst.

Then follows final part:

Depending on the topic of the described picture, you can write:

In den nächsten Sommerferien möchte ich wieder hinfahren, denn ich war von diesem Ort begeistert.

Ich glaube, man kann kaum seine Freizeit besser verbringen.

Hoffentlich fahren wir nächstes Jahr zusammen ans Meer.

Useful expressions:

Ich interessiere mich für ...

In der Kindheit wollte ich immer ...

Ich habe dieses Foto gemacht , weil ..

Ich zeige es dir ..., denn ...

Effective preparation to third USE task in German (oral part) includes the following:

it is necessary to practice and think over a response plan at home already at home, since you are given only one and a half minutes to prepare.
Since every task has the same outline, I give my students a response outline. The same scheme can be prepared independently. Goal: You should already have ready-made phrases.
It is necessary to think over logical transitions in advance, here you will need connector words, unions, expressions.
First prepare your oral answers in writing and be sure to speak out loud (not to yourself, but OUTLOOK)

AT last fourth In the assignment, the graduate must compare two photographs, identifying similarities and differences, as well as expressing his preferences. At the same time, you need to justify your opinion.

There will be a detailed description of the fourth task soon.

Try to use as many descriptive adjectives as possible when preparing. This will make your speech richer, more interesting and will convince the examiners of your good command of the German language.

How to avoid mistakes when completing tasks in the "Speaking" section.

1) You need to get to know main intonation contours in German, know the basic principles German pronunciation, some differences in the pronunciation of sounds in German and Russian, for example, that the sound "k" pronounced over tense, cf. Katze. The same applies to sound p, cf. post. Must be observed duration, stability sounds. That is, pay attention to everything that makes your pronunciation German, not Russian.
2) You need to pay attention to the logic of your speech. But this requirement is already familiar to you from writing an essay. The oral part is difficult because you do not have time to think about the construction of the phrase. This part requires fluent spontaneous speech. To do this, it is imperative that all oral tasks are spoken not in the “mind”, but LOUD. It is very important.
3) Each task has a timing: in a certain period of time you need to meet and logically complete your thought.
4) I strongly recommend that you think over an answer plan in advance, that is, draw up an algorithm with already prepared clichés. Since all tasks are typical, you can do it without difficulty.

Attention: it is IMPOSSIBLE to make any notes on the oral part of the exam in German, that is, the entire answer plan should already be in your head long before the exam. It is necessary to learn the entire structure of the answer and cliches in advance in order to score the maximum score.

Literature for preparing for the exam in the German language. oral part.

Furmanova S.L., Bazhnaov A.E. German. Unified State Exam. oral part.

This short manual describes the Oral part of the exam in German.

Terms of preparation for the exam in German

The duration of training depends on the initial level language proficiency so timeframes can vary from a few months to two years.
To successfully pass the exam, you need the Mittelstufe level (that is, the average level - B1-B2).

Class frequency

The frequency of classes depends on the level of training. But if the level of the German language is low, and you want to pass the exam in German at high scores, then it is better to study for two years, but less often 1-2 times a week than 1 year 2-3 times a week, since the amount of information to be learned is large enough so that memory resources are spent rationally and that the knowledge gained is transferred into long-term memory requires a certain amount of time.

Principles of preparation for the exam in German.

1.Creating a language base(vocabulary, grammar, typical language tools for writing a personal letter and completing task C2. Increasing the general level of language proficiency.

2. "Training" on the format of the exam. Work with standard tests of the USE format - last year's USE, demo versions, special methodological developments.

3. Analysis of typical errors allowed when completing USE assignments in German.

For example, it should be noted that the verb "fahren" is used not only with the auxiliary verb "sein", but also in some cases with the verb "haben". The same is true for the verb "fliegen".

It is also necessary to choose correctly, for example, a synonym from the available ones, for example: "Stelle", "Ort", "Platz", "Sitz".

Very often there are errors in word formation, for example, from the adjective "heiß" it is necessary to form a noun.

I pay attention to all these points and give a list in the course of classes, what should be paid attention to, since all USE tests are typical, which means that you can calculate which tasks will be prepared and purposefully prepared, which makes it possible to pass the exam in German with a very high score.

German tutor
Dr. Nadeschda Sanzewitsch

Lesson Feedback

I started preparing for German very late, despite having a certain base, without constant practice, the language began to be quickly forgotten. As a result, I went to classes for only 2 months, once a week, and, frankly, I could not imagine that I could really prepare in such a time frame. In the classroom, everything was clearly structured, without water, while each of my questions was given attention, we worked out all the incomprehensible moments together in the exercises. There was also a lot of material for self-preparation at home and just interesting things for the future.
In the end, I passed the exam with 96 points, I am very pleased with my result, I just want to say a big thank you to Nadezhda Alexandrovna for her help!

Victoria Katechkina

Now that the unified state exam is over, I really want to thank all the teachers who helped me prepare for it. The most difficult of the exams for me, of course, was the German language. At the beginning of the 10th grade, my language level was catastrophically low, and my vocabulary was limited to a set of the most common words, and I did not even think about taking an exam in this subject, and even more so in the future to connect my life with its study.

But thanks to Nadezhda Alexandrovna, with whom my mother was already successfully and with great pleasure working out, the situation changed dramatically. Our lessons took place only once a week, but they were thought out in detail, built taking into account my individual strengths and weaknesses in order to achieve the maximum result.

TAlso, the classes were held at a very good pace, so that we had time to discuss, study and devote a lot to attention to even the smallest detail. Homework was a really serious test for me, because their volume initially seemed huge and even excessive. The teacher always identified my weaknesses in the language and gave me assignments on these topics until they literally reached automatism. For me, the most difficult sections of the exam were listening and speaking, but on the exam itself I coped with these sections with almost no mistakes, although at the beginning of the in-depth study of the language with Nadezhda Alexandrovna I could not even distinguish German speech in audio recording into separate words. The school teacher considered me not strong enough in this discipline and even wanted to transfer me from the linguistic group to the general education group.

But after my extra classes I got the second result in our linguistic group - 92 points. I can’t say that it was in my power to score the maximum result (after all, the USE really consists of complex tasks that require more in-depth knowledge from children, which are not and cannot be fully included in school curriculum), however, some of my mistakes were due to inattention and strong unrest (for example, on the oral part). As for the theoretical base, I have it more than enough, because in the lessons with a tutor I studied the language from different angles, starting with word formation, pronunciation and ending with some interesting facts from the history of Germany and Europe. Now I still don’t know which university I can enter and whether my points will be enough for those educational establishments which I want to join. But I can say with confidence that the score in German is one of the best among my results (and this is not only my opinion, but also my parents, friends, teachers)!

I hope that I can continue to learn the language in the future, because when you overcome the first difficulties in learning new things, then in the future you begin to enjoy the learning process and feel proud of your achievements. Once again I want to thank Nadezhda Aleksandrovna, who really helped me to master and love the subject, which previously seemed difficult and inaccessible!

Ich hoffe, dass ich meine Deutschkenntnisse in Zukunft nur verbessern werde. Aber ich glaube auch, dass diese Leistungen nicht nur von mir, sondern auch von meinen Lehrern abhängen, weil nur vereinte Bemühungen der Menschen helfen können, ein großes Ziel zu erreichen!

Tatiana

30.06.2016

German tutor's comment: to confirm the authenticity of the review, there is a scan of Tatyana's work and the USE forms with the results.

You are a wonderful teacher. I passed the exam without any problems, I passed it with a high score, sufficient for admission to the budget - 92. I felt comfortable on the exam. I also passed the DAF test for a good result, which allowed me to enter Germany. Thank you very much!

Sincerely,
Anastasia Son

German tutor's comment: in addition to high USE scores in German, Anastasia also received a first degree diploma at the Olympiad " Highest standard", which is carried out graduate School economy.

Hello, current and future students of Nadezhda Alexandrovna.
For 8 months I have been preparing for passing the exam in German. The classes were very intensive: I had to be pulled up in all parts (I did not study at language school), so at home I had to do voluminous homework. At first it was hard to get involved, because such a pace was unusual for me. But as a result, I scored 95 points. Thank you very much!

Sincerely, Kirill Avdeev

MUNICIPAL AUTONOMOUS GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION "SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SCHOOL

№25, Balakovo, Saratov region

413840, Saratov region, Balakovo. st. Brothers Zakharov, d.8a. Tel.: (8 845 3) 351635

Preparation for the written part of the exam in German. Success strategy.

Prepared by a German teacher
highest qualification category

MAOU secondary school №25

Reznik T.I.

Balakovo 27.03. 2016

The USE in German is one of the elective exams for high school graduates. In terms of its structure and complexity, it practically does not differ from other final exams on foreign languages. The main difficulty of this exam lies in the large number of tasks - 46 with a very limited time - 180 minutes (3 hours). Thus, it takes a little less than four minutes to complete one task.

After reviewing the general information about the exam, you can immediately begin to prepare. The KIM USE variant of 2016 does not differ significantly from last year, now the passing score has increased, and the number of tasks has decreased.

EGE assessment in German

As in most foreign language exams, the minimum score for the German language is 17 primary points, which, when translated into tests, is 22. To overcome the threshold with minimum points it is enough to score 17 primary points, which is equivalent to 17 correctly solved tasks from section 3 or 2 and 3.

The structure of the USE test in German

In 2016, the test consists of four sections, including 40 tasks.

Section 1: Listening (1-9), the answers to the tasks are a number or a sequence of numbers.

Section 2: Reading (10-18), the answers to the tasks are a number or a sequence of numbers.

Section 3: Grammar and Vocabulary (19–38), the answer to the task is a number, a word or several words, written without spaces and punctuation marks.

Section 4: Writing (39-40), consists of two tasks - writing a personal letter and a statement with elements of reasoning.

The tasks of the unified state exam are divided into 3 categories - A, B and C.

The tasks of part A are the so-called multiple choice, where three or four possible answers are offered for each question, and one correct one must be chosen from the proposed options.

Part B is somewhat more complicated, there can be tasks of two main types: a) fill in the gaps in the text, putting the proposed option in the correct grammatical form; b) given, for example, six texts and seven titles to them - you need to find the extra one and correlate the rest with each other. Answers are already given here, you just need to put them in the correct grammatical form, or correlate the answers with the questions, discarding the extra option.

Part C is already aerobatics, here you need to compose a coherent structured text yourself, using grammar and vocabulary correctly.

The total duration of the exam is 180 minutes.

Sounds intimidating. But in reality this is not so. There are certain tricks on how to best cope with tasks of each type and save time. We will look at what tasks can be found in each part and how best to solve them.

1. Listening

This part mainly tests how well you understand German by ear. The announcer will repeat each task twice with a pause of about 15 seconds.

Success strategy : go over the questions of the assignment to the text and answers before listening! At the time when it will be said in Russian “Now you will perform tasks in listening. Each text will sound twice ... ”you can not listen to this, but already read the assignments themselves! So instead of the prescribed 20 seconds, there will be several times more time to read the questions and answer options for them. Sometimes even without hearing the text, one can assume that one of the options is wrong, because it simply sounds too illogical.

If the student has two similar options that differ in one small detail, you should pay attention to this detail - perhaps this is where the authors of the task wanted to catch you!

Example: Wo wollte Peter nach seinem Studium arbeiten?

1) bei einem Automobilhersteller in Deutschland

2) bei einem großem Autokonzern in den USA

3) in der großen Autowerkstatt bei seinem Vater

Reasoning logic: Option number three sounds rather illogical - in the first two options, the emphasis is on the country - Deutschland or USA, most likely, one of them will turn out to be correct. But in the third option, as in the second, there is the word “groß”, perhaps here they wanted to catch you. Therefore, when listening, even if they are not clear individual words, or synonyms are used in the text (for example, Produzent instead of Hersteller, or Unternehmen instead of Konzern) - pay attention to a) the country, b) the place - the manufacturing plant or workshop. This approach saves a lot of time and allows you to concentrate!

They will also listen to a few statements that will need to be correlated with headings or topics. Then a dialogue will sound, to which they will offer tasks to choose from according to the richtig / falsch / steht nicht im Text principle. And at the end there will be an interview, after which 9-10 questions will follow, where you will need to choose one correct answer out of three options.

The main thing is to concentrate on listening and carefully transfer the correct options to the answer sheet! The announcers will read the text clearly, twice, even if some word remains incomprehensible, do not panic, the task can certainly be solved without this word! And - we buy time to read the questions with the help of a little trick, which has already been mentioned above.

2. Reading

This section will test whether the student is able to understand the written text well, which is already clear from the title of this part. Most people perceive the written text more easily than by ear, so everyone copes with this part of the exam without problems.

In the first task, you will need to choose the correspondence between small texts (5-6 lines in size) and headings for them. One heading will be superfluous, so the authors of the exam will deliberately formulate them in such a way that it seems as if two headings fit one text. You should think about where the catch is and why one of the two similar options is wrong.

Success strategy: first read the questions and answers quickly, then the text! When reading the text, we do not try to understand verbatim and translate each sentence - we catch the meaning! We look at where the words and phrases from the questions are found in the text and what is said for each of the questions. Maybe the answer to the first question will be found only in the second paragraph of the text, and you have been reading the second sentence from the first paragraph for five minutes in the third circle - in vain! Therefore, it is important to first familiarize yourself with the questions, and only then proceed to reading the text itself.

3. Grammar and vocabulary

Everything is simple here - no tricks, a minimum of interpretation, a maximum of pure knowledge of grammar and understanding of vocabulary. In tasks B4-B10, sentences and words for them will be given, which must be substituted into the gaps in the correct grammatical form.

For example, givensentence: Wo die Traumziele der Deutschen liegen, _________ man auf den Landeskarten des neu erschienenen Reiseführers „Destination 2013“ von Marco Polo sehen.

And next to this sentence is the verb KÖNNEN, which must be inserted in place of the gap in the correct form. The man part already tells us that kann is the correct answer.

Tasks B11-B16 are similar to the previous ones, with the difference that you first need to transform the word: for example, make a verb with the same root from a noun (Arbeit - arbeiten, aufmerksam - Aufmerksamkeit, Frankreich - französisch, etc.), and then in the right grammatical form of this word in a sentence to insert.

For example, givenheresuchsentence: Auch die ____________ Journalisten haben über die letzten Wahlen im Busndestag berichtet.

And next to it is the word FRANKREICH, from which we will first make the adjective französisch (because there is already a noun in our phrase - Journalisten), and then we will put this adjective in the desired form - französischen.

Finally, in the “grammar” part, there will be a few fairly simple questions from part A, where you will need to choose one correct one from four options in the text with gaps (again, multiple choice).

We recommend that you spend about 40 minutes to complete the tasks in this section.

Success strategy : correctly and clearly, in accordance with the norms, enter your answers from part B in the answer sheet! Pay special attention to the spelling of ü, ö, ä and ß - for this, you should read the instructions in advance! It is also necessary during the preparation for the exam to intensively repeat the grammar - the declension of nouns and adjectives, endings, plural, exceptions to the rules (since they are most often caught on!), tense forms of verbs (especially in the past tense).

4. Letter

The written part consists of two tasks, where you will have a chance to demonstrate your level of German language proficiency in all its glory. Here, the written text will be checked for compliance with the requirements specified in the task - volume, subject, structure. In addition, the choice of vocabulary and grammatical constructions is very important! Mistakes will reduce the score, so it's better to write less but better.

The first task of this part (C1) is writing. Letters can be formal (official letters to strangers) and informal (letters to friends or acquaintances, postcards). They differ from each other, first of all, in design: we will start a friendly letter with an informal greeting, we will turn to “you”, and we will also end informally. In this task, most likely, they will be asked to write an answer to a letter from a friend or acquaintance from Germany (or a postcard). At the same time, the task, of course, will indicate what you will need to mention in your letter (for example, ask in more detail about an event, ask a few questions on a specific topic, etc.)

Success strategy : it is worth learning in advance the typical phrases of greeting and farewell, pay special attention to commas (in German, punctuation rules are different from Russian ones!). It is very important to follow the structure suggested by the examiners - if the assignment says that at the end you need to ask three questions on the topic, then you need to ask three questions, not five or two. And always on the topic, in this case, questions like “How are you?” and "What's new?" will not be taken into account.

Here is an example of how to start and end a letter:

Hallo Anna, / Liebe Anna,

danke für deinen letzten Brief und die Postkarte aus Berlin.

Hat mich sehr gefreut zu erfahren, dass…

Freue mich bald von dir zu hören!

Viele Grüße / Liebe Grüße

Lena Iwanowa

In the second task of the written part C2, you will need to write a detailed statement (in fact, a mini essay or essay) on the proposed topic. Here it will be taken into account how logically and structured the student expresses his thoughts and argues - of course, in German. It is very important to keep the length and structure proposed by the examiners, such as: introduction, main body (arguments for and against, your personal opinion), conclusion.

Success strategy : At home, be sure to practice writing reasoned texts on various topics. Simply coming up with abstracts on completely different topics (German: "Without knowledge of German in modern world do not live”, Internet: “Online learning opens a new era in education”, sports and so on) and find arguments for and against in German. Having written such an essay ten times, firstly, you don’t waste time building the text and selecting introductory phrases (because you already know by heart where you start and how you finish), and secondly, in general, you find arguments for and against faster. It is important to remember: there simply will not be time to write the entire text first completely on a draft, and then rewrite it without errors on a clean copy! Therefore, on the draft we write only a sketch (plan) + the main arguments for and against, without introductory phrases!

Introductory phrases should come by themselves, after you have written a test essay ten times. During such training, a set of phrases will be developed that can be used as a framework when writing any text of this type.

For example, you can start an essay by restating the question in your own words and asking a rhetorical question like Stimmt das wirklich so?

The main part can be built using introductory phrases and constructions:

Erstens, … Zweitens, … Drittens, …

Einerseits….. Andererseits…… Außerdem….

Dafür spricht die Tatsache, dass… Dagegen spricht, dass…

Ein Argument dafür ist….. Ein Argument dagegen ist /wäre, dass….

CounterargumentscananticipaterhetoricalquestiontypeWas spricht gegen….?orintroductorywordsandconstructionsandererseits, eine andere Meinung ist /wäre, dagegen spricht die Tatsache, dass…andothers.

Listing, say, threeargumentperandtwoargumentagainst, needweighprosandminuses: Wenn man die Vorteile und Nachteile vergleicht, kann man sehen, dass... –andexpresshisopinion: Meiner Meinung nach, …. / Ich bin der Meinung, dass… / Ich bin davon überzeugt, dass…

Andlastparagraph – conclusion: Zusammenfassend kann man sagen, dass… / Zum Schluss möchte ich betonen, dass…

Important: a clear structure will allow you not to be distracted from the main idea and not to “pour water”, as well as save time for logical transitions. 80 minutes are allotted for the written part, so it is important to correctly allocate this time and effort: for example, take 20-30 minutes for writing (20 minutes for preparation and draft, 10 minutes for writing on a clean copy). It is worth taking more time for an essay, say, 40-50 minutes (20-25 minutes for preparation and a rough draft, 10 minutes for writing on a clean copy). In the remaining five minutes of the total time, it is worth re-reading what was written and correcting the mistakes that caught your eye after one reading.

Preparation for the exam in German

Currently, the USE is the main form of certification in general education schools in Russia. Therefore, students and their parents want to be well prepared for this exam in order to be able to apply to the maximum number of universities, including those that require high and very high results in this exam.

Reasons for choosing to pass the exam in German

In addition, it should be noted that today many people choose to take an exam in German, since there is less competition with the German language and thus the chance to enter a prestigious university increases exponentially.
It should also be noted that the German language is needed today not only for the Unified State Examination, that is, for educational purposes, it is also vital, since there are numerous German, Austrian and Swiss companies on the Russian market that are successfully developing, work in which involves good knowledge German language.

Required language level for successful passing the exam in German

But it should be noted right away that the level of knowledge of the language required to successfully pass the exam is B1 / B2.
In addition, not only knowledge of the language is important, but also knowledge of the format of the exam. Despite the fact that the USE format has been brought closer to the format of the exam for international certificates, there are still significant differences. Most students are not familiar with the format of international exams.

What does the German exam consist of?

At the moment, the exam in German includes four sections:

listening,
reading,
grammar and vocabulary,
letter.

In 2009, it was decided to abolish one section of the speaking exam. This section was reintroduced in 2015.

Now let's take a closer look at each part that is included in the exam in German.

listening

This section of the examination paper includes three tasks of different levels of complexity and different types.

How to avoid mistakes when performing tasks in the section "Auditing".

Reading

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this section of the exam in German.

How to avoid mistakes when completing tasks in the "Reading" section.

1) In tasks of the basic level (B2), you do not need to focus your attention on unfamiliar words that you encounter - this takes time. Tasks of this type do not require a detailed understanding of the entire text. You should show linguistic guess (understand the meaning of the word from the context), and in some cases ignore the given unfamiliar word.
2) In tasks of an increased level of complexity, you need to be able to highlight key information and be able to filter out information that leads away from key information. That is, you need to be able to focus on the main information and ignore phrases that lead away from the main idea and the essence of the statement.
3) In tasks B3, be able to immediately see integral grammatical structures, which immediately narrows and facilitates the choice of the appropriate part of the sentence.

Grammar and vocabulary

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this section of the exam in German.

How to write an essay correctly (USE in German). A more detailed plan will appear later. keep for updates

speaking

Now graduates must also take the oral part in the USE in German(Sprechen).

This part consists of four tasks.

In the first task, the examinee must read an excerpt from the text of a stylistically neutral, informational or popular science character.
Here the phonetic component is evaluated: intonation contours, the correct pronunciation of sounds, words, stress. In schools, unfortunately, it is not customary to pay attention to this, but phonetically correct speech is important not only for the exam, but also for everyday life, so that the interlocutor can understand you. Therefore, I always start my lesson with a phonetic warm-up.

In the second task, it is necessary to formulate five questions to obtain more complete information from a conditional interlocutor.
To do this, your attention is invited to a picture-stimulus and a few strong points that will help in the preparation of questions.

Third the task involves describing one of the three photographs. The range of topics is quite wide. Here you need to know such vocabulary as Beschreibung eines Bildes:

Vorne / hinten erkennt man …
Im Vordergrund / Hintergrund befindet sich …
In der Bildmitte sieht man …
… ist scarf / unscharf.

You are given only one and a half minutes to prepare, in order to successfully complete this task, you must definitely practice at home and think over an answer plan already at home.

Ich habe das Bild ... gewählt, weil ...

Ich interessiere mich fur ...

In der Kindheit wollte ich immer ...

Ich habe dieses Foto gemacht , weil ..

Ich zeige es dir ..., denn ...

AT last fourthIn the assignment, the graduate must compare two photographs, identifying similarities and differences, as well as expressing his preferences. At the same time, you need to justify your opinion.

Try to use as many descriptive adjectives as possible when preparing. This will make your speech richer, more interesting and will convince the examiners of your good command of the German language.

How to avoid mistakes when completing tasks in the "Speaking" section.

1) You need to get to knowmain intonation contoursin German, know the basic principles of German pronunciation, some differences in the pronunciation of sounds in German and Russian, for example, that the sound"k" pronounced over tense , cf. Katze. The same applies to sound p , cf. post. Must be observedduration, stabilitysounds. That is, pay attention to everything that makes your pronunciation German, not Russian.
2) You need to pay attention to the logic of your speech. But this requirement is already familiar to you from writing an essay. The oral part is difficult because you do not have time to think about the construction of the phrase. This part requires fluent spontaneous speech. To do this, it is imperative that all oral tasks are spoken not in the “mind”, but LOUD. It is very important.
3) Each task has a timing: in a certain period of time you need to meet and logically complete your thought.
4) I strongly recommend that you think over an answer plan in advance, that is, draw up an algorithm with already prepared clichés. Since all tasks are typical, you can do it without difficulty.

Terms of preparation for the exam in German

The duration of training depends on the initial level of language proficiency, so the terms can vary from several months to two years.
To successfully pass the exam, you need the Mittelstufe level (that is, average level- B1-B2).

Class frequency

The frequency of classes depends on the level of training. But if the level of the German language is low, and you want to pass the exam in German at high scores , then it is better to study for two years, but less often 1-2 times a week than 1 year 2-3 times a week, since the amount of information to be learned is large enough so that memory resources are spent rationally and that the knowledge gained is transferred into long-term memory requires a certain amount of time.

Principles of preparation for the exam in German.

1. Creating a language base(vocabulary, grammar, typical language tools for writing a personal letter and completing task C2. Increasing general level language proficiency.

2. "Training" on the format of the exam.Work with standard tests of the USE format - last year's USE, demo versions, special methodological developments.

3. Analysis of typical errorsallowed when completing USE assignments in German.

For example, it should be noted that the verb "fahren" is used not only with the auxiliary verb "sein", but also in some cases with the verb "haben". The same is true for the verb "fliegen".

It is also necessary to choose correctly, for example, a synonym from the available ones, for example: "Stelle", "Ort", "Platz", "Sitz".

Very often there are errors in word formation, for example, from the adjective "heiß" it is necessary to form a noun.

I pay attention to all these points and give a list during the classes, what you should pay attention to, since all the USE tests are typical, which means that you can calculate which tasks will be prepared and purposefully prepared, which makes it possible to pass the USE in German for a very high score.

USE 2015. German language. The optimal bank of tasks for preparing for the exam. Matyushenko V.V.

M.: 20 15. - 7 2 p. + CD

This manual presents a system of preparation for passing the exam in German, which is based on familiarity with the content of examination tasks for each of the five sections of the control measuring materials "Listening", "Reading", "Grammar and Vocabulary", "Writing" and "Oral part". It contains general guidelines for preparing for the exam, as well as a set of typical training tasks with guidelines and answers, which allows you to consolidate your knowledge and prepare for the exam. The manual is addressed to high school students, teachers and parents. It will help schoolchildren to test their knowledge and skills in the subject, and teachers to assess the degree of achievement of the requirements. educational standards individual students and ensure their targeted preparation for the exam.

Format: pdf

The size: 1.4 MB

Watch, download:yandex.disk

CD to the allowance.

Format: mp3/zip

The size: 149 MB

Download: rghost.ru

CONTENT
Introduction 3
The main results of the USE 2014 in German 4
Guidelines 6
Preparing students for the tasks of the section "Listening" 6
Preparing students for the tasks of the section "Reading" 8
Preparing students for the tasks of the section "Grammar and Vocabulary" 10
Preparing students to complete the tasks of the "Writing" section 12
Preparing students for the tasks of the section "Speaking" 15
Training tasks for the main sections of the course: 16
Section 1. "Listening" 16
Section 2 Reading 23
Section 3. "Grammar and vocabulary" 34
Section 4. "Letter" 42
Oral part of the Unified State Examination (Draft assignments) .46
Apps 48
Listening texts 48
Answers to the section "Listening" 58
Answers to the section "Reading" 59
Answers to the section "Grammar and vocabulary" 60
Evaluation criteria for the "Writing" section 62
The procedure for determining the percentage of textual matches in task 65
Grading schemes for the "Writing" section 66
Draft criteria for assessing tasks of the oral part 68

The purpose of this manual is to help students and teachers in preparing for the delivery of the Unified State Exam. The materials of the manual are intended both for high school students and school graduates, as well as for teachers and methodologists. The tasks of the manual can be used as independent work at home and in the classroom.
The manual includes analysis USE results 2014 and recommendations for graduates to prepare for the 2015 exam
The manual gives a complete picture of the content of all sections of the exam, difficulty levels and types of tasks. The teaching aid contains training tasks with guidelines on their performance in listening, reading, grammar and vocabulary, writing. The Appendix presents the criteria and assessment schemes for the sections "Writing" and "Speaking", as well as answers to all tasks.
The USE in foreign languages in 2014 consisted of 4 written sections, but the author considers it appropriate to include tasks for the oral section "Speaking" in the manual. The tasks presented in this section were developed by FIPI specialists and were tested in the spring of 2014. The tasks were developed for a computerized exam without the participation of an interlocutor examiner. During the exam, the student sees the tasks on the computer screen, during the answer an audio recording is made. The assignments are presented in black and white photographs.
Based on the control and measuring materials published in the manual, teachers will be able to plan and organize various forms of testing the knowledge, skills and abilities of students.