Counts Kamensky family history. Kamensky (noble family). Notable members of the genus

Kamensky

Kamensky


Coat of arms description: Coat of arms of the Count Kamensky family, manuscript, Kamensky Archive, Moscow, see text

Volume and sheet of the General Armorial:	V,9
Title:	graphs
Part of the genealogy book:	VI, V
Citizenship:	Grand Duchy of Moscow
Kamensky at Wikimedia Commons

Counts Kamensky

Counts Kamensky, according to the official version, come from the Tver branch of the ancient Ratschich-Akinfovich family, and were written by the Kamenskys of the “Old Departure”, in contrast to the Kamenskys (Kaminskys) who left Poland. Stolnik Mikhail Sergeevich Kamensky, the owner of the estates in the Bezhetsky district, served under Peter I as an officer in the regiment of the new system and was killed near Narva.

Entry in the Velvet Book, chapter XVII:

177. ROD KAMENSKIH.
And 2 sons of Romanov from Ivan the Black son Peter.
Peter has a son, Izmailo Kamenskaya.
(352) And Izmail Kamensky has children:
Semyon,
Yes Ivan,
Yes, Mikhailo
Yes Stepan,
Yes, Nikita
Yes, Vasily; served on the Bezhetsky Verkh.
And 4 sons of Romanov have children from Poluekt Kamensky:
Ivan,
Yes, Poluekt, the nickname is Another.
Ivan has a son Andrei, childless.
And Poluekt has Drugov's children:
bad
Yes Matthew.
Nekhoroshev has a son, Vasily.
And Dmitry has children of Romanov's 5th son:
Dmitry,
Yes Ivan.
And Dmitry has a son, Nechai.
And Ivan has children:
Fedor,
Yes Posnik,
Yes, Vasily; and served on the Bezhetsky Verkh.

Description of the coat of arms

In the shield with a purple field in the middle there is a small golden shield, with the image of a black two-headed Crowned Eagle, on the chest of which in a red field a warrior galloping on a white horse is visible, striking a serpent with a spear, and holding a scepter and an orb in his paws.

Above the shield is a silver crescent with horns facing down and a silver cross. In the lower half of the shield across the river, diagonally to the lower left corner, there is a bridge of several pontoons, with boards selected between some of them.

The shield is covered with the Count's Crown, on the surface of which there is a helmet crowned with the Count's Crown with one ostrich feather. The insignia on the shield is purple lined with silver. On the right side of the shield, a placed soldier holds a shield with one hand, and a sword lowered with the end down with the other, and an overturned Turkish Turban is visible on the left side. The coat of arms of the family of Count Kamensky is included in Part 5 of the General Armorial of the Noble Families of the All-Russian Empire, p. 9.

Count Mikhailo Fedotovich Kamensky comes from an ancient noble family. The ancestors of his Mikhail Fedotovich, as shown in the certificate of the discharge Archive, served the Russian Throne. Noble services in various ranks and were granted estates in 7155/1647 and other years; On April 5, 1797, by decree of HIS MAJESTY EMPEROR PAUL THE FIRST, the aforementioned Mikhailo Fedotovich Kamensky, for his diligent service with children and descendants born and henceforth born from him, was most graciously granted the Count of the Russian Empire and on this dignity in 1799 March on the 25th day with a diploma from which a copy is kept in the Heraldry.

Notable members of the genus

Kamensky, Mikhail Fedotovich (1738-1809) - count, military leader.
Kamensky, Sergei Mikhailovich ("Kamensky 1st"; 1771-1835) - count, military leader.
Kamensky, Nikolai Mikhailovich ("Kamensky 2nd"; 1776-1811) - count, military leader.

Literature

Bulychev A. A. Descendants of the “Honest Husband” Ratsha: Genealogy of the Nobles Kamensky, Kuritsyn and Volkov-Kuritsyn. M., 1994
Kamensky N. The ninth century in the service of Russia. From the history of the Counts Kamensky. - M.: Velinor, 2004. ISBN 5-89626-018-0
Ivanov N. M. "A husband is honest in the name of Ratsha." (Historical and genealogical research-generalization). - St. Petersburg, 2005, -196 p.

Noble families of Kamensky (Kamiensky)

Polish clans of Kamensky (Polish. Kamienski) are assigned to 30 coats of arms: Holeva, Dolenga, Yastrzhenbets, Odrovonzh, Ravich, Slepovron.

The latter is included in the VI part of the genealogy book of the Vilna province. Genrikh Ivanovich Kamensky, general of the Polish troops, was killed in the battle of Ostrolenka in . There are also several Kamensky genera of later origin.

Description of the coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Kamensky family, Armorial, VI, 137

The shield, which has a red field, depicts a silver rose and on the sides of it are three golden cutters, used in gardens when cleaning trees.

The shield is surmounted by a noble helmet and a crown with peacock feathers. The insignia on the shield is red, lined with silver. The shield is held by two lions. The coat of arms is included in the General armorial of noble families Russian Empire, part 6, 1st part, p. 137.

Entry in the General Heraldry of the Noble Families of the All-Russian Empire:

The surname Kamensky comes from the Polish nobility. Yarosh Kamensky owned villages in Poland, which his grandson Ivan Kamensky shared with his brother Peter in 1696. Martyn Stepanov has acquired a special flair for himself. Ivan Mikhailov, son of Kamensky, left for the Orsha district. Luka, Vasily and Martyn Kamensky, descended from this family, with their offspring, by decree of HIS MAJESTY of blessed memory EMPEROR PAUL I, which followed the report of the Governing Senate of September 1797 on the 11th day, were approved in the ancient nobility. All this is proved by various documents kept in the Heraldry.

Literature

// Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: In 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
List of the nobles of the kingdom of Poland, with brief information about the evidence of the nobility. Warszawa, 1851.
Dolgorukov P.V. Russian genealogical book. - St. Petersburg. : Type-I E. Weimar, 1855. - T. 2. - S. 189.

Notes

Links

Coat of arms of the Kamensky family in the General armorial of noble families
Coat of arms of the family of Counts Kamensky in the General armorial of noble families
Coat of arms of the Bantyshev-Kamensky family in the General armorial of noble families
History of the Ryazan Territory: Kamensky. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
Tadeusz Gajl. Polish Armorial Middle Ages to 20th Century. - Gdansk, 2007. - ISBN 978-83-60597-10-1

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "Kamensky" is in other dictionaries:

Noble and count families. The most ancient Kamensky family comes from an honest husband named Radsha, who left Germany for Russia at the end of the 12th century. His descendant in the seventh generation, Roman Ivanovich, became the ancestor of the Kamenskys. From this kind of field marshal ... ... Biographical Dictionary

Kamensky: 1) Count Mikhail Fedotovich (1738 1809) general field marshal, son of a hof junker who served as a mouthpiece under Peter I, was brought up in the gentry corps; 2 years (1758 59) served as a volunteer in the French army, then participated in 7 summer war… … Biographical Dictionary

Polish and Russian noble and count families. Counts K. descend from Sergei Ivanovich K., who left Poland around 1620 and was granted the Moscow nobility in 1655. His son Mikhail served as a solicitor and was killed in 1700 near Narva. The grandson of the last... Big biographical encyclopedia

Kamensky- graphs, military. figures. Mich. Fedotovich (1738 1809) gene. field marshal. He participated in the Seven Years' War, after which the swarm was seconded to Prussia to familiarize himself with the military. system of Frederick the Great and became a fan of this system. In the 1st Rus. tour. war... ... Russian humanitarian encyclopedic dictionary

Coat of arms of the Kamensky family, Herbovnik, VI, 137 Kamensky Polish and Russian noble and count families. The Counts Kamensky descend from Sergei Ivanovich Kamensky, who left Poland around 1620, and was granted the Moscow nobles in 1655. His son Mikhail ... ... Wikipedia

The Kamenskys have been counting their ancestors since the 12th century. Among them - Ratsha - the right hand of the great Kiev prince Vsevolod Olgovich, his tiun (1146), manager of the household. And, by the way, also the ancestor of our great poet Alexander Pushkin. The son of Ratsha, having been elected posadnik at the Novgorod veche (1169), became famous for the construction of defensive fortifications around the lord of Veliky Novgorod. And among the ancestors of the Kamenskys is Gavrila Oleksich, an associate of Alexander Nevsky, who fought heroically in the Battle of the Neva (1240) and died a heroic death near Izborsk (1241). All of Russia knew Field Marshal Count Mikhail Kamensky (1738-1809) and his two sons-generals - Sergei and Nikolai. The latter was the commander-in-chief of the Russian army (1811) during Russian-Turkish war 1806-1812

All Kamensky faithfully served not primarily princes, tsars, emperors, but the Russian state. And they were proud that they were Kamensky. Among the descendants of the old Russian noble family were those who remained after the October Revolution of 1917 in Russia.

RUSSIAN GENERAL AND CHK-OGPU

My grandfather, Sergey Nikolaevich Kamensky, was born on March 13, 1868 in Chernigov. The year of the assassination of Emperor Alexander II finds the young count in the Vyazemsky classical gymnasium (1881). Then he is a student of the mathematical faculty of Moscow University.

His military career begins with admission to the Moscow cadet school, from the walls of which he left with the rank of second lieutenant (1892). The young count serves in the artillery, successfully graduates from the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff and is promoted to captain (1900) "for excellent achievements in the sciences". For further service, he arrived in Vilna and was no longer alone, but with his young wife, Tatyana Alexandrovna, nee Hartwig, and with two children, daughter Irina and son Nikolai. My aunt Irina Sergeevna von Raaben (by her husband) later recalled: "Father was an unusually kind person, everyone loved him - children, servants, soldiers ..."

With the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. the count is in Manchuria (1904) and takes an active part in the hostilities, drawing attention to himself with his fearlessness: a staff officer, he often finds himself directly under enemy fire to clarify the situation. However, Sergei Nikolayevich assessed the results of the campaign very skeptically. "It was macaques who fought with some," he said more than once. The track record of Count Kamensky at that time was filled with a list of searches, reconnaissance, reconnaissance, skirmishes, and battles. But such was his military happiness - he was never wounded. The holder of many awards, he had various orders (there were 13 in total). After the end of the Russo-Japanese War, he was sent to Finland, where he was in charge of the movement of troops along all transport routes on its territory until 1914 inclusive.

"When the First World War, - recalls the daughter of Sergei Nikolaevich, - the parents lived in Helsingfors. His father, with the rank of colonel, went to the front on the very first day of the war ... "Information about his participation in the battles is rather scarce. It is only known that this time, according to him, he" did not bow to bullets ", although he was only wounded once and not hard (1915). After successfully completed operations, he was promoted to major general (1916). He fought in Galicia under the command of the famous commander, cavalry general Alexei Brusilov. Having recovered from his wound, Sergei Nikolayevich returned to duty. In the summer of 1917, he was presented for promotion to lieutenant general and for being awarded the fourteenth order of St. George, 4th degree, but he did not manage to receive any of this ...

burst out October Revolution and a new order has come. Sergei Nikolayevich, a convinced monarchist, nevertheless decides, in spite of everything, to serve his Fatherland and share all the difficulties with him. He is going to leave for Petrograd, where, by the way, his family is also located. But the soldiers stop him: "We are better, Your Excellency, we will see you off."

In the division, he was loved because he valued military soldier's work, he was easy to handle. And so he went to the troubled capital under a voluntary "escort", which saved him from possible reprisal: after all, lynching took place everywhere, they were killed just because you had a general or officer's shoulder straps. But Sergei Nikolaevich was delivered to Petrograd safe and sound. A certificate issued to him by the committee in charge of documentation of wounds has been preserved, where he is still referred to (in March 1918!) "Major General Count Kamensky of the General Staff." In the same year, he was involved in the reorganization of the General Staff as a member of the Higher Military Inspectorate of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army of the Russian Federative Soviet Republic. At the same time, he began teaching at the Academy of the General Staff (1919). And in the inspection mentioned above, he headed the commissions for checking military communications (1920) and for spending money (1921).

Kamensky, of course, coped with his duties. But this was not what interested the fiery Bolshevik commissars. Sergei Nikolaevich, as a "military specialist from the former" began to be ousted from all his posts. And now a professional who knows all the intricacies of staff work, has a higher military education, fluent in several foreign languages, at the age of 55 turned out to be unnecessary in a socialist country.

And then there were arrests one after another, in between which he still somehow tried to get a job: a scientific curator of the Museum of the Army and Navy (1923), a teacher of military affairs at a technical school (1926). They came for him three times. The first time (1924) they did not keep for long, they soon released him. On a quarter of paper (also divided in half by a vertical line), called "Extract from the minutes of a special meeting at the OGPU Collegium", it is indicated that he is released ahead of schedule. Then - a new arrest and release from prison after serving time (1927). Then another arrest (1929) and a new, third, release (1933).

By the standards of that time, everything turned out quite well: he is alive and even returned to his family. True, valuable family heirlooms were seized during the search, but it is difficult to prove this, since the protocol says, for example, that an icon “in a setting made of red metal” is confiscated as a hostile object. And who will bother? However, such a person was found: Sergei Nikolayevich himself became him. In the intervals between landings, he demands to restore the moral and material damage, to return to him items from the family heritage - "not confiscated", as emphasized in the statements. In response, an extract from the minutes of the court session of the OGPU board appears with the resolution: "... The valuables taken from Kamensky S.N. - confiscate ..."

Irina Sergeevna recalls: "Mother, experiencing all these injustices, lost the courage that she had shown before, and going through torment - requests, requests ... fell to my lot." Once Sergei Nikolaevich received help from an unexpected quarter. In the corridors of the OGPU, he said, he was accidentally recognized by a former student of the military academy and turned to his fellow Chekists: "This is Sergey Nikolayevich, he was our teacher" for yat "(the highest praise in the lexicon of those years). Yes, and Sergey himself Nikolaevich behaved during interrogations with ironic dignity, treated the investigators, in his words, like confused Red Army soldiers: he filled out questionnaires in his own way, edited the protocols of interrogations. In the phrase "... arrested as a member of the monarchist counter-revolutionary organization in order to support the world “I inserted the clarification “alleged” before the word “participant.” “What are you correcting in his protocol again, because you know these people,” another investigator once exclaimed in despair. “Knew,” said the grandfather.

A questionnaire of those years has been preserved, in which, when asked who he is - a worker, a peasant, an employee, "or", Sergei Nikolayevich, crossing out all this in turn, including "or", added "teacher".

After leaving prison, he, a 67-year-old pensioner, and our grandmother decided to leave Moscow for a better life and rushed (“Like refugees,” my grandfather joked bitterly) to the distant Black Sea coast, to the inconspicuous town of Gelendzhik (1935). There the old people seem to have found a quiet place. Sergey Nikolaevich got a job as a cashier in sea port, then an accountant in a hospital. And in the summer he hosted his beloved granddaughter Maria and two grandchildren - Valya and me - Nika (that was my home name). For us kids, those were the golden years. But they were short-lived.

Having buried in Kazakhstan his faithful companion of life - our grandmother, after the end of the war, Sergei Nikolayevich returned from exile, extracted the buried ones from the Gelendzhik land - for the umpteenth time! - family documents and moved to his daughter in Moscow (1945). He did not fill out questionnaires, did not get a job anymore. But he led a very active lifestyle. He worked in libraries on the history of the Kamensky family, conducted extensive correspondence with relatives and fellow soldiers. And everywhere in any weather went on foot. At the age of 83, he fell ill with pleurisy. The body struggled with the disease for a long time, but it turned out to be fatal. On February 1, 1951, Count Sergei Nikolaevich Kamensky passed away. He was buried in the Church of the Resurrection of the Word in Bryusovsky Lane and buried in the cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery, placing a stone cross on the grave.

For me even now, many years after his repose, my grandfather Sergei Nikolaevich remains a model of a man and a patriot - in the best, highest sense of the word. Representative of the elite layer of Russian society - the nobility. The owner of his best qualities - education, good breeding, readiness to serve the Fatherland. I remember him well. Not tall, dense, with a hedgehog of gray hair on his head, with a fluffy mustache. His thick eyebrows were raised, as it were, inquiringly, and from under them his lively, shining eyes looked at his interlocutor. He wore a tunic or jacket of paramilitary cut. Sitting down at the table, he tucked his napkin into his collar in the old fashioned way. He didn't smoke and hardly drank. But he knew a lot about good cuisine. He often took us, children, with him on hiking trips around the outskirts of Gelendzhik: along the sea coast or into the mountains, to dolmens - the oldest structures made of huge stone slabs. He showed enviable endurance on the way, and he was then over seventy. On halts, to cheer us up, he read poems, especially by Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy, whom he loved. His cheerful tone and attitude did not at all induce us to familiarity. Grandfather, when he wanted to make a remark, always ironically. “Will you wash your hands before eating, or do you consider this a bourgeois prejudice?” he asked me, pleasantly grazing. This quality of his - the ability to defuse misunderstandings with humor - delights me even now. My God, how many of these misunderstandings were in his long, but proud life .. .

STUDENT OF THE PAGE CORPS - LIEUTENANT COLONEL OF THE GRU

Count Nikolai Sergeevich Kamensky was born on September 28, 1898 in St. Petersburg. The only boy in the family, he received a good home education. But soon, according to the memoirs of his sister Irina Sergeevna, "we ... were sent to closed educational institutions ... my father always wanted his children to study in privileged educational institutions- I'm at the Smolny Institute, and my brother is in the Corps of Pages ... "At first, Nikolai graduated from two classes of the First Alexandrovsky cadet corps and then enrolled in third grade Corps of Pages(there were no first and second classes there). In the summer of 1917, his pupils were included in the squads of junkers sent to defend the Winter Palace. In the lists of his nineteen-year-old peers, his father appeared as "Count Nikolai Kamensky 4th."

Did this monarchist youth support the Provisional Government? Rather, a different mood reigned: the conviction that the unstable balance in which Russia found itself must be resolved, as they would say now, "in a civilized way."

Father - a participant in the events of October 1917 - did not leave written memoirs about them. But from his mean remarks and from the scattered memoirs of his contemporaries, a tragic picture emerges.

The junkers were raised on alert with full combat gear in the early morning and, after distributing cartridges, they read out the order of the General Staff: "... to appear immediately in combat readiness at the Winter Palace to receive tasks to pacify the elements who rebelled against the existing government ..." Junkers honestly warned: "... the decision to fulfill your duty to the Motherland may be the last decision in your life ..." But no one left the line ...

We moved towards the Winter. The city, embraced by a gloomy autumn fog, seemed to be sleeping. However, in the barracks of individual regiments they were awake, but remained neutral "in order to prevent combat skirmishes between the parties." Detachments arrived at the Winter Palace separately, from different districts of the capital and in different time. Some on the very day of the coup, others - in a day, and the commander of one such detachment later said that in that early morning "there was not a soul in the whole palace ...".

One of the cadets later wrote that he was put on guard from twelve to two in the morning "at the door leading to the government meeting room, next to Kerensky's office, which ... was in his irremovable brown jacket ...". Then he was sent to look for Minister Kishkin, "who was in charge of the defense of the palace." Junkers from engineering schools was urgently instructed to build barricades on Palace Square from stacks of firewood prepared for the upcoming cold weather. When placing posts, "junkers were charged with the most careful handling of things in the rooms of the palace ...". And there were more than a thousand of them, and many had to be locked up.

The first attack was made on a rare chain of junkers advanced to defend Zimny from the outside. Crowds of soldiers and sailors opened fire indiscriminately, and the junkers had to retreat to the palace. The entrance to the gate was blocked by a captured armored car, which opened well-aimed fire at the advancing. The women's battalion, which managed to occupy the barricades, also began to shoot back. The attacking crowds paused. There was a hitch. It was used by the Bolsheviks, who expelled parliamentarians. They turned to the members of the Provisional Government with proposals to surrender. In case of refusal, the defenders were explicitly threatened with "bloody repression".

Meanwhile, part of the besiegers leaked into the palace from the back door, along the stairs, which had not been used for a very long time and about the existence of which no one had guessed to warn the defenders of the Winter Palace. This was reported to them by an excited sister of mercy, who had come running from the top floor, where the hospital had been located since 1915. A uniform "room" battle began. Now no one knew where the attackers were and where the defenders were.

The revolutionary sailors could not be stopped: they entered the vast royal wine cellars. “┘total drunkenness┘ began and they rob valuable historical property, tear tapestries from the walls, grab valuable Sevres porcelain, rip off leather upholstery from armchairs┘,” one of the former junkers testified years later.

What happened at that time on the barricades in front of the palace? They continued to hold on. Volley fire was carried out at them, but "┘ the female strike battalion beats off the attackers ... firmly holds access to the Palace ... ". The attackers make the final assault. "┘ The drunken gang, sensing women behind the barricades, tried to pull them to their side. The junkers defended them... Most of them were stripped, raped and, with the help of bayonets stuck in them, they were planted vertically on the barricades.

But what about the surviving junkers? "Those who managed to escape and get out of the Winter Palace were searched after," the eyewitness states.

Father's sister, Irina, later recalled how on that anxious night they met Nikolai on the street and on the way home they begged him to take off his shoulder straps. He refused, and then the shoulder straps were covered with a cap. Days passed in anxiety, in anticipation of "retribution." It was not long in coming. They became "interested" in the lists of the defenders of the Winter Palace, and soon a group of armed sailors and soldiers broke into the St. Petersburg apartment of the Kamenskys. An accident saved him from his father's reprisals. Uninvited guests, standing at the door, correctly called the surname and name, but mixed up the patronymic. "There is no Nikolai Petrovich here," the servant Ustinya snapped, not at a loss, pushing the aliens out. Her determination forced the aliens to retreat (subsequently, Ustinya remained a housekeeper in the family).

But it was dangerous for the former page to live at home. At first, he was hidden in the hospital: they kept him under a false name on the bed of a patient who died of typhus. However, there were also roundups in hospitals, so Petrograd had to leave as soon as possible.

Nikolai left his native city and settled in Moscow in a semi-legal position. There he, a twenty-year-old young man, managed to enter the Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages. He tried not to draw attention to himself, which was difficult due to his amazing linguistic abilities. "Knowledge of languages was given to him jokingly," Irina Sergeevna claimed. At the institute, Nikolai found a wife. It was his classmate Rimma Evgenievna, nee Kandelaki, the daughter of a Moscow lawyer who lived on Prechistenka. But for the newlyweds, the situation in the Mother See also became restless; besides, the lawyer-in-law did not want to recognize Soviet law. And so both families moved from Moscow to distant Tiflis.

in Georgia, where Soviet authority was established later (1921), life seemed measured and relatively safe. “In those days, many representatives of the Russian nobility fled here,” writes Fazil Iskander, “... it was a kind of semi-emigration from Russia. They were almost not persecuted here, just as local representatives of this class were almost not persecuted. distance from the place of the explosion, and a more patriarchal tradition of all estates, to which ... the new government also obeyed. The real bestiality came in 1937, but then it affected everyone equally."

In 1923, there, in Tiflis, Nikolai and Rima Kamensky had their only son, the author of these lines. Soon, Nikolai Sergeevich and his family were sent on a business trip to Iran, where he worked for about two years. Upon his return, he worked in various republican institutions of Georgia, including senior economist at the People's Commissariat of Trade (1938), senior researcher Museum of Art (1939). But in free time replenished his library with books in his specialty - oriental languages and oriental literature - the main business of his life. Mother told me how two rabbis, seeing my father on the street, politely greeted him, and one said to the other: "Here is a nobleman, a Slav, a Christian, and he studied Hebrew better than you and me."

But here a new unexpected turn took place in the fate of the modest orientalist. He was offered to become a regular commander of the Red Army, although it is difficult to say exactly how he came to the attention of the headquarters of the Transcaucasian Military District. Apparently, the Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army was in dire need of highly qualified translators. Now the father went to work in military uniform; on his buttonholes he had one captain's "sleeper". But since then he has become even more silent. True, I think that Nikolai Sergeevich did not experience any doubts about the correctness of the step taken: not being a supporter of the new social system, he voluntarily joined the Red Army, as he was ready to give his knowledge and strength to protect the country from external enemies, in this he I saw my military duty to the Fatherland.

June 22, 1941 found Nikolai Kamensky in the same headquarters of the ZakVO, whose troops continued to protect the southern borders of the USSR. Soon my father got involved in the organization of a new business - the entry of Red Army units into Iran on August 25, 1941, since Moscow did not really trust Tehran. Here is a small observation. In the summer of 1941, a company consisting of Azerbaijanis was sent to the school of junior commanders, where I also studied, passing an accelerated course for training radiotelegraph operators. They, in an even shorter time frame than us, were essentially hastily trained in radio work, in order to then be distributed among landing groups intended for being thrown into Iran (to capture bridges and railway junctions) before the main forces of the Red Army approached. In the preparation and conduct of this operation, by the way, almost unknown until now, my father also participated.

In the Caucasus, which had not yet become a front-line territory, an evacuated Military Institute appeared at that time foreign languages Red Army (VIYAKA). Nikolai Sergeevich was invited to work at this military educational institution. Together with the university, my father moved first to Baku, and then to Moscow (1943). He temporarily stayed with his sister Irina Sergeevna. Here we met with him during the war. Our military unit was transferred from one front to another through the capital. I got a day off. The meeting was, on the one hand, joyful: I had weaned not only from my father, whom I found gray-haired, but still quite cheerful, not only from people close to me, but even from the asphalt under my feet, from the windows no longer obscured by obligatory blackout, from the cozy lamps under the lampshade over the table. At the same time, it was also sad. I felt before Irina Sergeevna something like guilt for the fact that her son, my childhood friend and cousin Valya. died and I didn't.

In VIYAKA, my father served until the end of his life. He received the rank of lieutenant colonel, acquired great authority. He began to study along with pedagogical and scientific work(they still study according to the textbooks he wrote). Former cadets of the Military Institute, with whom I had to meet at different times, without saying a word, first of all recalled his amazingly great erudition. He really knew a lot: the history of not only this or that language that he taught (his father was fluent in several European and Eastern languages), but also the people who speak it, his religion, and at the same time the philosophy of this religion. But he continued to remain in the shadows. He did not join the Communist Party, as was customary in those years among the intelligentsia.

Nikolai Sergeevich died tragically. On June 13, 1951, he was found hanging from a noose in the room where he lived. The military prosecutor's office determined the incident as a suicide ...

Remembering my father, I see him always restrained, correct in relation to everyone around him, including in relation to his relatives. He always kept his distance. So it was easier for him to observe, evaluate, reflect. As if taking up all-round defense, he vigilantly guarded his "inner territory" from intrusion from outside. Surely, the soul of Nikolai Kamensky, Lieutenant Colonel Soviet army and ... a count, a former pupil of the Corps of Pages ...

Plan:

1 Counts Kamensky
2 Notable members of the genus
3 Literature
4 Noble families of Kamensky (Kamiensky)
5 Description of the coat of arms

Introduction

Coat of arms of the Count Kamensky family, manuscript, Kamensky Archive, Moscow

Coat of arms of the Kamensky family, Armorial, VI, 137

Kamensky- Polish and Russian noble and count families.

1. Counts Kamensky

The Counts Kamensky, according to the official version, come from the Tver branch of the ancient Ratschich-Akinfovich family, and were written by the Kamenskys of the "Old Departure", in contrast to the Kamenskys (Kaminskys) who left Poland. Stolnik Mikhail Sergeevich Kamensky, the owner of estates in the Bezhetsk district, served under Peter I as an officer in the regiment of the new system and was killed in 1700 near Narva.

Wife: Agrafena Yulianovna Chelishcheva. The grandson of the latter, Field Marshal Mikhail Fedotovich, received the title of count of the Russian Empire.

The genus of the Counts Kamensky is included in the V part of the genealogical book of the Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Oryol and Smolensk provinces. (Armorial, V, 9).

Entry in the Velvet Book, chapter XVII:

177. ROD KAMENSKIH.
And Ivan Cherny has 2 sons of Romanov, son Peter.
Peter has a son, Izmailo Kamenskaya.
(352) And Izmail Kamensky has children:
Semyon,
Yes Ivan,
Yes, Mikhailo
Yes Stepan,
Yes, Nikita
Yes, Vasily; served on the Bezhetsky Verkh.
And 4 sons of Romanov have children from Poluekt Kamensky:
Ivan,
Yes, Poluekt, the nickname is Another.
Ivan has a son Andrei, childless.
And Poluekt has Drugov's children:
bad
Yes Matthew.
Nekhoroshev has a son, Vasily.
And Dmitry has children of Romanov's 5th son:
Dmitry,
Yes Ivan.
And Dmitry has a son, Nechai.
And Ivan has children:
Fedor,
Yes Posnik,
Yes, Vasily; and served on the Bezhetsky Verkh.

2. Famous representatives of the genus

Kamensky, Mikhail Fedotovich (1738-1809) - count, military leader.
Kamensky, Sergei Mikhailovich ("Kamensky 1st"; 1771-1835) - count, military leader.
Kamensky, Nikolai Mikhailovich ("Kamensky 2nd"; 1776-1811) - count, military leader.
Kamensky, Sergei Nikolaevich (1868-1951 Moscow) - count, lieutenant general.
Kamensky, Nikolai Sergeevich (1898 St. Petersburg-1951 Moscow) - Count, graduate of the Corps of Pages, teacher at the Military Institute of Foreign Languages.
Kamensky, Nikolai Nikolaevich (1923-2010) - count, candidate of economic sciences, employee of the Ministry of Foreign Trade.
Kamensky, Alexey Nikolaevich (1953) - count, collector, restorer.

3. Literature

Bulychev A.A. Descendants of the "Honest Husband" Ratsha: Genealogy of the Nobles Kamensky, Kuritsyn and Volkov-Kuritsyn. M., 1994
Kamensky N. The ninth century in the service of Russia. From the history of the Counts Kamensky. - M.: Velinor, 2004. ISBN 5-89626-018-0
Ivanov N.M. "The husband is honest in the name of Ratsha." (Historical and genealogical research-generalization). - St. Petersburg, 2005, -196 p.

4. Noble families of Kamensky (Kamiensky)

The Polish clans of Kamensky are assigned to the coats of arms of Kholeva, Dolenga, Yastrzhenbets, Odrovonzh, Ravich, Slepovron.

The latter is included in the VI part of the genealogy book of the Vilna province. Genrikh Ivanovich Kamensky, a general of the Polish troops, was killed in the battle of Ostrolenka in 1831. There are also several Kamensky clans of later origin.

5. Description of the coat of arms

The shield, which has a red field, depicts a silver rose and on the sides of it are three golden cutters, used in gardens when cleaning trees. The shield is surmounted by a noble helmet and a crown with peacock feathers. The insignia on the shield is red, lined with silver. The shield is held by two lions.

The coat of arms is included in the General Armorial of the Noble Families of the Russian Empire, part 6, 1st section, p. 137.

Entry in the General Heraldry of the Noble Families of the All-Russian Empire:

The surname Kamensky comes from the Polish nobility. Yarosh Kamensky owned villages in Poland, which his grandson Ivan Kamensky shared with his brother Peter in 1696. Martyn Stepanov has acquired a special flair for himself. Ivan Mikhailov, son of Kamensky, left for the Orsha district. Luka, Vasily and Martyn Kamensky, descended from this family, with their offspring, by decree of HIS MAJESTY of blessed memory EMPEROR PAUL I, which followed the report of the Governing Senate of September 1797 on the 11th day, were approved in the ancient nobility. All this is proved by various documents kept in the Heraldry.

Literature

List of the nobles of the kingdom of Poland, with brief information about the evidence of the nobility. Warszawa, 1851.

Notes

V.V. Rummel, V.V. Golubtsov. Genealogical collection of Russian noble families. T.2, p.667

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Famous Generals:

Kamensky, Mikhail Fedotovich (1738-1809), field marshal
Kamensky, Sergei Mikhailovich ("Kamensky 1st"; 1771-1835), general of infantry
Kamensky, Nikolai Mikhailovich ("Kamensky 2nd"; 1776-1811), general of infantry

Counts Kamensky

Counts Kamensky, according to the official version, come from the Tver branch of the ancient family Ratschich-Akinfovich, and were written by Kamensky of the “old departure”, in contrast to the Kamensky (Kaminsky) who left Poland. The genealogy of the Kamenskys in the Velvet Book was brought only to the 16th century, probably because at the time of its compilation, the Kamenskys served on the Bezhetsky top, far from Moscow and were late in providing information.

Nobles Kamensky

Nobles Kamensky come from the Polish nobility. Yarosh Kamensky owned villages in Poland, which his grandson Ivan Kamensky (1696) shared with his brother Peter. Their descendants owned lands in Poland in the Orsha district, and Luka, Vasily and Martyn Kamensky with their descendants, by decree of Paul I, according to the report of the Governing Senate on September 11, 1797, were approved in the ancient nobility.

Description of coats of arms

Coat of arms of Kamensky 1785

Count's coat of arms. Part V. No. 9.

In the shield, which has a purple field in the middle, there is a small golden shield, with the image of a black two-headed Crowned Eagle, on the chest of which a warrior galloping on a white horse is visible in a red field, striking a serpent with a spear, and holding a scepter and an orb in his paws.

Above the shield is a silver crescent, with its horns facing down, and a silver cross. In the lower half of the shield across the river, diagonally to the lower left corner, there is a bridge of several pontoons, with boards selected between some of them.

The shield is covered with a count's crown, on the surface of which there is a helmet topped with a count's crown with one ostrich feather. The insignia on the shield is purple, lined with silver. On the right side of the shield, the placed soldier holds a shield with one hand, and a sword lowered with the end down with the other, and an overturned Turkish sword is visible on the left side.

Igor Stankevich

It was not customary to talk about roots in my family. They diligently tried to erase the history of the ancestors from the Kamensky family from the Orsha region from family memory, to forget. After the repressions of the 1930s, they were afraid to talk about it, they did not want to dedicate children and spoil their lives. The memory was not only scary, but also painful. The Kamensky family has never known such humiliation. The family was simply destroyed, for Polish roots, for gentry. But history still made its way through oblivion, constantly peeping out of ancient legends, fragments of traditions, old photographs and things, miraculously surviving letters and stories of a few eyewitnesses. Only now, thanks to the accumulated archival materials and fragments of memories managed to piece together and reconstruct the history of the family, which was deeply woven into the history of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Russian Empire, Soviet Union, Poland. And this story is something to be proud of.

Kamensky in Orsha
The Polish family of Kamensky came from the Lida district, which was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The name of the earliest ancestor mentioned in the sources is Geronim Kamensky. He was born around 1560-90s. More details have been preserved about his son Yarosh Kamensky. It is known that Yarosh owned in the Lida district “a family noble estate once from the kings of Polish ancestors to the complainants, called Rutkevichi” (Today it is the Shchuchinsky district of the Grodno region - I.S.).

Rutkevichi village on Yandex map

The sons of Yarosh - Tobiash (born in 1620), Yarosh and Krishtof divided the father's estate among themselves, about which in 1644 a division sheet was drawn up in the Lida Zemstvo Court. Subsequently, the Rutkeviches belonged to the Kamenskys for a long time. And only after one of the distant descendants of Yarosh Mechislav Karol Kamensky took part in the uprising of 1863-1864, the estate was confiscated by the tsarist government. Mechislav Karol himself was forced to flee from the Russian zone of occupation to the Austro-Hungarian Krakow, and later to Paris. During the uprising, he bore the pseudonym "Sapega". In his personal documents was a notarized appointment of the People's Government to the lieutenant colonel of the people's troops, dated March 13, 1863.

Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Lida district

At the end of the XVII early XVIII century Martin, great-great-grandson of Krishtof Kamensky, acquired Dolginovo in the “eternal noble estate” in the Lida district. And his cousin Yan Kamensky “with Prince (Kazimir Yan - I.S.) Sapegoy went to the Belarusian region and in his estate Dubrovensky he was engaged in noble service, where he was dragged away with the heiress of a lifetime estate of six (about 90 hectares - I.S.) land in a dungeon named Vasilevshchina with a noblewoman Elisaveta Gurskaya got married and stayed to live. This story is quite interesting.

Casimir Jan Sapieha

Back in time Northern war 1700-1721, during which Sweden fought for dominance over the Baltic lands, and its main opponents were the Commonwealth and Russia, the great Lithuanian hetman Kazimir Jan Sapieha took the side of the Swedes. In retaliation, a detachment of the Russian army burned down Dubrovno. In 1715, the town, together with the parish, fell into the hands of Russian prince Alexander Menshikov. And only after repentance for apostasy and the subsequent forgiveness from Polish king August II Sapieha in 1719 regained Dubrovenshchina. Apparently, then he decided to restore order in the devastated estate, for which he invited Jan Kamensky. True, Sapieha did not manage to finish what he started. In the spring of 1720, at the age of 83, he died. Dubrovno passed to his heirs, and Jan Kamensky settled on the Orsha lands, laying the foundation of a new dynasty together with Elizaveta Gurskaya, a representative of an equally ancient family. They were married on July 18, 1720 in the Dubrovno church. In marriage, they had three sons Lukash (b. 1726), Vasily (b. 1734) and Martin (b. 1745). Since then, many generations of Kamenskys have been married and baptized their children in this church.

During the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1772-1795 Orsha region was completely annexed by the Russian Empire. Already after the first section on September 13, 1772, according to the Highest approved report of the Belarusian Governor-General Chernyshev, the gentry of the occupied lands were instructed to submit lists with evidence of their noble origin to the provincial cities. In a special order for the census, the governor-general instructed the governor of Mogilev to order the gentry to submit lists of persons of all noble families, with a detailed description of the origin of the clans, coats of arms, with all certificates and documents, through the zemstvo courts to the provincial chancelleries. After the decree of June 14, 1773, the gentry had to submit information about their origin to the Provincial Zemstvo Courts.

Kamensky also attended to the collection of family letters. They even turned for help to relatives in Lida, who occupied prominent posts here: zemstvo clerks, constables, city judges, and clergymen. The family responded. And in 1773, and then in 1793, the Orsha provincial and Mogilev chief zemstvo courts ruled that “the Kamensky family in the fatherland is well-deserved, ancient and legally enjoying the dignity of nobility, and also indisputably disposes of the family acquired real estate”, and the Kamenskys themselves are “recognized in noble dignity and by the Decree of Heraldry of 1797 approved in such a rank. The emperor of Russia Paul I himself decided to “erect their ancestors to the primitive state of their noble state, which they proved, on which the report of His Imperial Majesty with their own hand, the highest deigned taco “to be therefore”.

At the same time, the ancient coat of arms of the Kamensky “Role” or “Rolich” was officially approved. The general Russian armorial contains the following description of the coat of arms: “A silver rose is depicted on the shield, which has a red field, and on the sides of it there are three golden cutters used in gardens when cleaning trees. The shield is surmounted by a noble helmet and a crown with peacock feathers. The insignia on the shield is red, lined with silver. The shield is held by two lions. In the genealogical files of Kamensky, it is mentioned that the coat of arms of “Role” was bestowed by King Casimir I back in 1036. However, no documents confirming this fact have been preserved in the archives. It is only known that the coat of arms has been used on many family charters since time immemorial.

Generational painting of Kamensky early 17th - early 19th centuries

Kamensky gradually settled in the Orsha region. The heirs of the migrant Yan Kamensky, Vasily, Luka and Martin, “freed from all taxes recorded in the revision of the Belarusian province under the county of Dubrovensky,” lived in the village of Bakhov, once granted to the maternal ancestors from the Gursky family, and already the grandchildren settled near Orsha. In December 1833, the widower nobleman Stanislav Vasilievich Kamensky (born 1763) with his sons Vikenty and Geronim (1797), grandchildren of Geronim “Joseph 16 years old, Franz Anton 12 years old, Augustine 10 years old, Peter-Paul 6 years old” lived in Ruklino-Glyakovo estate on the left bank of the Dnieper. It was a poor gentry, which, according to the revision of 1816, had only “three souls of the male peasantry”, and the Glyakovo manor occupied five drags of land (about 75 hectares - I.S.).

History has brought us information about the offspring of Peter and Paul Kamensky (1827). He had three sons Alexander, Joseph (b. 1858) and Vincent. At the beginning of the twentieth century, they all lived in Glyakovo. In the lists settlements Mogilev province for 1910 indicates that in Glyakovo there were 3 courtyards, in which 38 souls lived, and the Kamenskys who lived in them were designated as nobles, Catholics.

The sons were respected people and occupied prominent positions not only in Orsha, but also in the Mogilev province. As representatives of the nobility, they were periodically included in the jury. Thus, in the “list of alternate jurors elected by the Orsha Commission for attendance at the meetings of the Mogilev court in one of the sessions of 1906,” the petty bourgeois Vikenty Pavlovich Kamensky and the nobleman Iosif Pavlovich Kamensky are mentioned. And in the list of electors to the first State Duma in 1906, it is indicated that the three brothers who lived in Glyakovo of the Baranskaya volost owned 14 acres (about 14 hectares - I.S.) of land. The list of landowners of the Orsha district for 1914 reported that the Kamensky brothers already had 29 acres of land in Glyakovo.

The Kamensky families traditionally had many children. For example, Iosif Kamensky and his wife Maria from the Tsekhansky family (born in November 1858) had four children: Anna (b. 1890), Victoria (b. 1893), Peter (b. 1895). ) and Anton (b. 1898). Alexander Kamensky and Maria from the Burlo-Burditsky family had six children: Jadwiga (born 1885), Alexandra (born 1887), Stanislav (born 1888), Mikhail (born 1893), Konstantin (born 1896), Nikolai (born 1900). Little information has been preserved about the family of Vikenty Kamensky. The names of his two daughters are known - Anna (born 1893) and Alexandra.

Kamensky Joseph Pavlovich and Maria Antonovna with children (from left to right) Anna, Anton, Peter and Victoria. Photo taken in 1915. Apparently done before sending his son Peter to the front

World War I

In 1914 the First World War broke out. The Russian Empire was one of the main actors in it. The Kamenskys also took part in the war.

Mikhail, the son of Alexander Kamensky, was the first to get into the meat grinder of the war. In May 1914 he graduated from the Polotsk Cadet Corps, and on August 1 he was enrolled as a second lieutenant in Russian army. After graduating from Pavlovskaya military school Petersburg in December 1914, Mikhail was sent to the front. During the battles with the Austro-Hungarians and the Germans as part of the 3rd Army, he was twice seriously wounded.

On July 20, 1915, near Kholm, when the Russian troops launched a counterattack on the advancing enemy, Mikhail received his first head wound. For this battle, he was awarded the Order of St. Anne, 4th degree, with the inscription "For Courage". Lieutenant Kamensky received a second wound and concussion already during the famous Brusilovsky breakthrough in Galicia in a battle near the village of Svinyuhi. It happened on September 3, 1916. For this battle, Mikhail was presented to the orders of Stanislav with swords and a cockade of the 3rd degree and St. Anna of the 3rd degree with swords and a cockade.

In 1917, at the initiative of the National Polish Committee, the First Polish Corps was formed on the territory of Belarus under the leadership of General Dovbor-Musnitsky. It included soldiers and officers of the Russian army of Polish origin. Mikhail Kamensky signed up for the corps. This happened on November 21, 1917 in Minsk. After the anti-Bolshevik rebellion and the refusal to disband and demobilize soldiers and officers, the corps withdrew to Bobruisk and Slutsk, but then, with the support of German troops and detachments of the Belarusian Rada, went on the offensive. On February 20, 1918, the dovborchiki captured Minsk, knocking out the Bolsheviks from there. Mikhail served in the corps until its dissolution in May 1918. Together with the remnants of the formation, he went to Warsaw, where he joined the Polish Military Organization (POV).

Drawing by Mikhail Kamensky "Dovborchiki in 1917-1918 in Russia"

His brother Konstantin in May 1915 graduated from the seven classes of the Polotsk Cadet Corps and was immediately drafted into the Imperial Army. After a four-month course at the Pavlovsk military school in St. Petersburg, Konstantin was promoted to the rank of ensign of the 1st detachment of the reserve battalion, and then appointed to the position of instructor officer at the school of junior officers of the Keksholm Life Guards Infantry Regiment. On February 20, 1916, as part of the 16th infantry detachment of the same regiment, he was sent to the Southwestern Front.

The villages Tristen, Porsk, Shelvov, the Stohod River in Volhynia - the battle path of Konstantin Kamensky lay here. In these places, in the battles against the Germans and Austrians, the old Russian imperial guard was pulverized. She was no more. The Kexholm regiment also suffered colossal losses. In July 1916 alone, in an attack near the Stohod River, the regiment lost more than half of its soldiers and even more officers.

Miraculously surviving from bullets and shells, Konstantin fell ill from an infection. In October of the same year, he falls ill with typhoid fever and ends up in the rear evacuation hospital. But already in December he returned to duty as commander of the 4th detachment of the reserve battalion, and then again received the functions of an instructor officer at the school of junior officers in the Keksholmsky regiment. He teaches new recruits martial arts.

In 1917, Konstantin Kamensky found himself in the midst of revolutionary events - in Petrograd. In March, he was transferred to the officer reserve of the Petrograd Military District, and on August 15 he was sent to the 2nd Corps Aeronautical Detachment as an observer for balloons. But he watches not only the balls. Before his eyes, the first acts of a great drama are unfolding, which will radically change the life of the country. Events change with koleidoscopic speed. In February there was bourgeois revolution. Power passes into the hands of the Provisional Government, Emperor Nicholas II abdicates the Russian throne. Chaos and confusion reign in Petrograd: bread riots, anti-war rallies, demonstrations, strikes, speeches by the capital's garrison. And in October, during an armed uprising, the Military Revolutionary Committee seized power. The Keksholmsky regiment, in which Kamensky serves, after long hesitation goes over to the side of the rebels.

It is not known what the fate of officer Kamensky would have been if he had remained in the revolutionary capital of the Russian Empire, but in December he was overtaken by a relapse of a recent illness. Konstantin is again in the hospital, and after being discharged in February 1918, he goes home, to the estate above the Dnieper. On this, his service in the Russian army ended. For courage and heroism, Konstantin Kamensky was awarded the Orders of St. Anna of the 3rd and 4th degrees and St. Stanislav of the 3rd degree.

Peter, the son of Iosif Kamensky and cousin of Mikhail and Konstantin, was drafted into the Russian army after a real school in May 1915. After completing a five-month officer school in Vilna in October of the same year, he goes to the front with the rank of ensign. Here, until 1917, he commanded various detachments of the 4th Siberian rifle regiment. In 1917, Peter consistently completed the courses of sappers, and then machine gunners. In March, he was promoted to the rank of second lieutenant, and in May he was already the commander of a machine-gunner detachment. But on June 21, during one of the battles, Peter was wounded and spent two months in the hospital. After recovery, he enters the Grenadier Corps Aeronautical Detachment of the Russian Imperial Air Force as an observer.

In October, the Grenadier Regiment, in which Peter served, was stationed near Baranovichi. The October Revolution had already taken place in distant Petrograd. Soldiers on the front line demanded an end to the war and the disbandment of the army. The Bolsheviks who came to power declare their withdrawal from the world war. The front is falling apart. At this time, the German command launches an offensive.

On October 30, 1917, the Germans went on the attack near Baranovichi. To neutralize the Russian artillery, they used poison gases. This was the last German gas attack on Eastern Front. Choking on blood, choking on the suffocating fumes of poisonous chlorine, the Russians launched a counterattack. The enemy was pushed back. However, the losses were enormous. More than half of the personnel perished on the battlefield. Pyotr Kamensky also participated in this battle. He, too, was gassed, but survived. After the hospital, the young officer returned home to Glyakovo. For courage and heroism shown in battles, he was awarded the Orders of St. Stanislaus, 3rd class and St. Anne, 4th class.