Krasnodar Humanitarian - Technological College

Considered at the meeting Approved

Department of General Humanities Deputy Director for OIA

and natural sciences ____________ G.A. Slovtsova

Head of the Department _________ T.S. Yatsenko "____" __________20__

"___" __________________ 20__

Test task options

in the discipline "Physics"

for vocational students

Compiled by:

Lecturer KGTK

T.S.Yatsenko.

Krasnodar 2010

Test tasks in physics for students of secondary vocational education.

Section 1 "Mechanics"

1. An artificial satellite revolves around the Earth in a circular orbit of radius R with an orbital period of 1 day. What is the path and displacement of the satellite in 1 day?

D. Path 2πR, displacement 0.

E. Path πR, displacement 0.

E. Path πR, displacement 2R.

1. With what acceleration does a block of mass 10 kg move under the action of a force of 5 N?

A. 50 m/s 2

B. 25 m/s 2

V. 2 m/s 2

D. 0.5 m/s 2

1. A motorboat moves along the river at a speed of 5 m/s, and in still water at a speed of 3 m/s. What is the speed of the river current?

A. 1 m/s

B.1.5 m/s

H. 2 m/s

D.3.5 m/s

1. If you repeatedly compress the spring, then it heats up, because:

A. the potential energy of the spring is converted into kinetic

B. the kinetic energy of the spring is converted into potential

B. part of the energy of the spring goes into its internal energy

D. the spring heats up when rubbing against the air

1. An elevator passenger is at rest relative to the ground if:

A. The elevator is falling

B. the elevator moves evenly

B. the elevator moves up with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s 2

G. under none of the above conditions

1. Which of the formulas can be used to calculate the kinetic energy of a moving body:

1. If  s is the displacement of the body over an arbitrarily small time interval t, then what value is determined by the ratio?

A. Way

B. moving

B. The speed of only rectilinear motion.

D. Instantaneous speed of any movement

D. Acceleration

1. If we designate  change in speed over an arbitrarily small time interval t, then such a value is determined by the ratio?

A. Increase in speed.

B. Reduce speed

B. Acceleration of only uniform motion in a circle.

D. Acceleration of any movement

1. The car starts straight uniformly accelerated motion from a state of rest. What distance will be covered in 1 minute when moving with an acceleration of 2m / s 2 ?

A. 1 m

B. 2 m

H. 120 m

D. 1800 m

D. 3600 m

E. 7200 m

1. What is the distance traveled by the aircraft to a stop if its acceleration during deceleration was equal to 6 m/s 2 , and the speed at the start of braking is 60 m/s?

A. 600 m

B. 300 m

H.360 m

D.180 m

1. An artificial satellite revolves around the Earth in a circular orbit of radius R with an orbital period of 1 day. What is the path and displacement of the satellite in 12 hours?

A. The path and displacement are the same and equal to zero.

B. The path and displacement are the same and equal to 2πR.

B. The path and displacement are the same and equal to 2R.

D. Path 2πR, displacement 0.

E. Path πR, displacement 0.

E. Path πR, displacement 2R.

1. If we denote the path, s is the movement of the body in time t, t and  s - the path and movement of the body for an arbitrarily small time interval t, then what formula determines instantaneous speed body?

A. /t

B. s/t

B.  s/  t

D.  /  t

1. The car starts a uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion from a state of rest. What distance will be covered in 0.5 minutes when moving with an acceleration of 0.4 m / s 2 ?

A. 0.05 m

B. 0.1 m

H. 12 m

D. 180 m

D. 360 m

1. What is the distance traveled by the aircraft to a stop if its acceleration during deceleration was 4 m/s 2 , and the speed at the start of braking is 40 m/s?

A. 400 m

B. 200 m

H.160 m

D.80 m

1. A person walks at a speed of 5 km / h relative to the train car in the direction of its movement, the train moves at a speed of 20 km / h relative to the Earth. How fast is a person moving relative to the earth?

A. 5km/h

B. 20km/h

B.25 km/h

D.15 km/h

1. What is the direction of the acceleration vector at uniform motion circumferential bodies?

A. In the direction of the velocity vector

B. Against the direction of the velocity vector

B. To the center of the circle

D. From the center of the circle.

E. The acceleration is zero.

17. A car on a turn moves along a circle with a radius of 10 m with a constant modulo speed of 5 m/s. What is the centripetal acceleration?

A. 0 m/s 2

B. 2.5 m/s 2

H.50 m/s 2

D.250 m/s 2

D. 2 m/s 2

18. With what period must a carousel with a radius of 6.4 m rotate so that the centripetal acceleration of a person on the carousel is 10 m / s 2 ?

A. 5 s

B. 0.6 s

V.16 with

D. 4 s

D. 2.5 s

19. The maximum acceleration with which a car can move on a turn is 4 m / s 2 . What is the minimum radius of a circle along which a car can move on a horizontal section of the road at a speed of 72 km/h?

A. 18 m

B. 1300 m

H. 5 m

D. 100 m

20. A person walks at a speed of 5 km / h relative to the train car against the direction of his movement, the train moves at a speed of 20 km / h relative to the Earth. How fast is a person moving relative to the earth?

A. 5km/h

B. 20km/h

B.25 km/h

D.15 km/h

21. Forces F 1 and F 2 applied to one point of the body, the angle between the vectors F 1 and F 2 is 90 0 . What is the modulus of the resultant of these forces?

A. F 1 - F 2

B. F 2 - F 1

B. F 1 + F 2

22. The force of attraction acts on the body from the side of the Earth. Which of the following statements is true for the force acting from this body on the Earth?

A. F 2 \u003d F 1

B. F 2<

B. F 2 \u003d 0

G. F 2 >>F 1

D. F 2 \u003d - F 1

23. In what reference systems are all 3 laws of Newtonian mechanics fulfilled?

A. Only in inertial systems

B. Only in non-inertial systems

B. In inertial and non-inertial systems

D. In any reference systems

24. Which of the following units is a unit of measure for work?

A. Joule

B. Watt

W. Newton

G. Pascal

D. Kilogram

25. What physical quantity in the International System (SI) is measured in watts?

A. strength

B. Weight

B. Work

G. Power

D. Pressure

26. An inclined plane gives a gain in strength of 5 times. What is the gain or loss in distance?

A. Losing 5 times

B. Winning 5x

B. Gives neither win nor loss

D. Win or lose depending on the speed of movement

27. A 70 kg skater slides on ice. What is the friction force acting on the skater if the friction coefficient of sliding skates on ice is 0.02?

A. 0.35 N

B. 1.4 N

B. 3.5 N

G. 14 N

28. An athlete shoots a bow at a target: Gravity acts on an arrow:

A. when the athlete draws the bowstring

B. when the arrow is in flight

B. when the arrow hits the target

G. in all these positions

29. The raft floats uniformly along the river at a speed of 1.6 m/s. A man walks on a raft opposite side at a speed of 1.2 m/s. What is the person's speed in the shore-bound frame of reference?

A. 2.8 m/s

B. 1.2 m/s

H. 1.6 m/s

D. 0.4 m/s

30. What is the unit of force measurement?

A. Joule

B. Coulomb

W. Newton

G. Kelvin

31. What physical quantity is a vector?

A. Mass

B. Path

V.Time

G. Strength

32. What is the unit of measure for power?

A. Hertz

B. Watt

W. Henry

G. Farad

Section 2 "Molecular Physics"

33. Two bodies of different temperatures brought into contact. Heat exchange between them:

A. impossible

B. is possible only under other additional conditions

conditions

B. is possible without any additional

D. there is no correct answer

34. If you put a cucumber in salt water then after a while it will become salty. Choose a phenomenon that you will definitely have to use when explaining this phenomenon:

A. diffusion

B. convection

B. chemical reaction

G. thermal conductivity

35. At what temperature can molecules leave the surface of water?

A. only at boiling point

B. only at temperatures above 100°C

B. only at temperatures above 20°C

G. at any temperature above 0°C

36. The gas temperature is 250 K. The average kinetic energy of the gas molecules is then:

A. J

B. J

W. J

G. J

37. When an inflated and tied balloon was taken outside on a frosty day, it decreased in size. This can be explained:

A. the size of the molecules decreased

B. decreased kinetic energy of molecules

V. the number of molecules decreased

G. molecules broke up into atoms

38. When developing a new car, it is necessary to solve the following environmental problem:

A. increase engine power

B. reduce exhaust emissions

B. improve cabin comfort

G. reduce fuel consumption

39. The temperature of the first body is 5ºС, the second 260K, and the third 20ºС. What is the correct order of listing these bodies in ascending temperature?

A. 1, 2, 3

B. 3, 2, 1

B. 2, 1, 3

G. 1, 3, 2

40. Increasing content in the earth's atmosphere carbon dioxide is a consequence of:

A. nuclear power plants

B. thermal power plants

V. hydroelectric power plants

G. power plants of any type

41. Where is the number of molecules greater: in one mole of hydrogen or in one mole of water?

A. identical

B. in one mole of hydrogen

V. in one mole of water

D. not enough data to answer

42. Which of the scientists for the first time experimentally determined the speed of molecules:

A. Lomonosov

B. Boltzmann

W. Einstein

G. Stern

43. Where are the most molecules: in one mole of oxygen or in one mole of mercury?

A. Odinakov

B. More oxygen

B. There is more mercury

D. There is not enough data to answer.

44. Express in Kelvin the temperature of 100 0 C?

A. 100 K

B. 0 K

B. 373 K

G. 273 K

45. When two bodies with different temperatures come into contact, heat exchange between them

A. Possible

B. Impossible

B. Possible under additional conditions

D. Missing data

Section 3 "Electricity"

46. ​​Which of the formulas expresses Coulomb's law:

47. The force acting on a charge of 0.00002 C in an electric field is 4N. The field strength at this point is equal to:

A. 200000N/Cl

B. 0.00008N/C

V. 0.00008 C/N

D. 5 10 -6 C/N

48. A current source with an EMF of 18 V has an internal resistance of 30 ohms. What value will the current have when a 60 ohm resistor is connected to this source:

A. 0.9 A

B. 0.6 A

B. 0.4 A

G. 0.2 A

49. Which statement (according to the figure) is

correct. :

A. particles 1 and 2 are repelled, particles 2 and 3 are attracted, particles 1 and 3 are repelled

B. particles 1 and 2 are attracted; particles 2 and 3 repel, particles 1 and 3 repel

B. particles 1 and 2 are repelled; particles 2 and 3 attract, particles 1 and 3 attract

D. particles 1 and 2 attract, particles 2 and 3 repel, particles 1 and 3 attract

50. How will the force of the Coulomb interaction of two point electric charges change if the distance between them is increased by 3 times?

A. will increase 3 times

B. will decrease by 3 times

V. will increase 9 times

G. will decrease by 9 times

52. The unit of measurement of electric charge in the system is an:

A. pendant

B. bracelet

B. necklace

G. amulet

53. What is the current strength in a 2 ohm resistor if the voltage at its ends is 2 V:

A. 2 A

B. 1 A

B. 4 A

G. 1.5 A

54. What carriers of electric charge create current in liquids:

A. electrons

B. ions

V. holes

G. any charged particles

55. At a voltage of 20 V, a current of 5 A flows through the filament of an electric lamp. How much heat will the filament of the lamp emit in 2 minutes.

A. 2400 J

B. 12000 J

W. 200 J

D. 40 J

56. How to know that there is an electric field at a given point in space?

A. place a magnetic needle at this point and see if it is oriented

B. place a charge at this point and see if the force of the electric field acts on it.

B. place an incandescent lamp at this point and see if it lights up

G. this cannot be determined experimentally, because. the field does not affect our senses

57. What is the unit of measurement of electric capacity:

A. liter

B. m 3

V. Farad

g. kilogram

58. As a capacitor is indicated on electrical diagrams:

59. A current of 3A flows at a voltage of 300V in the spiral of an electric stove. How much energy does a tile consume in 15 seconds?

A. 450J

B. 2000J

W. 13500J

G. 9000J

60. In an electric kettle, when water is heated, a transformation occurs:

BUT. electrical energy into kinetic energy

B. internal energy into electrical energy

B. electrical energy into internal energy

G. internal energy to kinetic energy

61. The resistance of the resistor was increased by 2 times. How does this change the current flowing through this resistor?

A. decreased by 2 times

B. increased by 2 times

V. has not changed

G. increased 4 times

62. Current carriers in metals are:

A. ions

B. electrons

V. holes

D. any charged particles

63. What is the unit of measurement of current strength:

A. newtons

B. amp

V. volt

G. ohm

64. Gas discharge is:

A. the process of current flow in liquids

B. the process of current flow in gases

B. the process of current flow in a vacuum

G. lightning strike

65. What charged particles carry electricity in semiconductors?

A. electrons and ions

B. electrons and holes

V. neutrons

D. ions only

66. What does the resistance of a conductor not depend on?

A. temperature

B. dimensions

V. material

G. Voltage

67. What instrument is used to measure resistance?

A. ohmmeter

B. wattmeter

B. ammeter

G. dynamometer

Section 4 "Magnetic field"

68. Which figure correctly shows the lines of magnetic induction around a conductor with a current directed perpendicular to the plane of the drawing from us?

69. What formula corresponds to the power of Ampere:

70. The phenomenon of obtaining an electric current using a magnetic field is called

A. magnetic induction

B. electrical induction

B. electromagnetic induction

G. induction

71. How are the lines of magnetic induction around a permanent magnet?

72. What force acts on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field:

A. ampere power

B. strength of Archimedes

V. Coulomb force

G. Lorentz force

73. What physical quantity does 1 weber have?

A. magnetic induction

B. magnetic flux

B. inductance

G. EMF of inductions

74. When a permanent magnet is pushed into a coil, an electric current arises in it. What is the name of this phenomenon?

A. electrical induction

B. magnetic induction

B. self-induction

G. electromagnetic induction

75. What is the energy of the magnetic field of a coil with an inductance of 2 Gn, with a current strength of 200 mA in it?

A. 400 J

B. 0.04 J

W. 40 J

D. 100 J

76. What physical quantity has a unit of 1 tesla?

A. magnetic induction

B. magnetic flux

B. inductance

G. EMF induction

77. A current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field is affected by:

A. Lorentz force

B. ampere power

V. Coulomb force

G. strength of Archimedes

78. On what phenomenon is the operation of a transformer based?

A. electromagnetic induction

B. self-induction

V. inductance

G. inertia

79. What rule can be used to determine the direction of the magnetic induction line around a current-carrying conductor?

A. left hand rule

B. right hand rule

B. Lenz's rule

D. displacement rule

Section 5 "Oscillations and waves"

80. What fluctuations do not exist?

A. self-oscillations

B. forced vibrations

B. harmonic vibrations

G. self-oscillations

81. What determines the speed of wave propagation?

A. from its length

B. from her frequency

V. from its amplitude

G. from the density of the medium

82. What is the wavelength?

A. is the distance from the beginning to the end of the wave

B. is the distance between two adjacent humps

B. is the distance from the top of the swing to the bottom

G. is the distance between points whose phases differ by π / 2

83. The period of oscillation is called:

A. time of one oscillation

B. number of vibrations in 1 second

B. the greatest deviation of the body from the equilibrium position

G. periodic change in body position in space

84. With what speed do electromagnetic waves propagate?

A. 300000m/s

B. 300000km/s

H. 314m/s

D. 3.14km/h

85. Which of the following formulas defines the Thomson formula?

Section 6 Optics

86. A ray of light falling on the surface of water is refracted. The refraction of a light beam is due to the fact that:

A. the speed of light in water is less than its speed in air

B. the speed of light in water is greater than its speed in air

B. photons of a light beam are attracted by water molecules

D. photons of a light beam are repelled by water molecules

87. Two jackets hang in the closet. One is blue and the other is yellow. Different colors of jackets indicate that:

A. The blue jacket is colder to the touch than the yellow one.

B. a blue jacket warms better

B. paints used on jackets absorb light of different wavelengths

G. yellow jacket is stronger

88. How long does it take for light to cover the distance from the Earth to the Moon, equal to 400,000 km?

A. 0 sec

B. 1.3 * 10 -3 sec

B.0.5 sec

D. 1.3 sec

D. 1200 sec

E. 8.3 min

89. The angle of incidence of the beam on the mirror surface is 20 0

A. 70 0

B. 80 0

V. 40 0

G. 20 0

D. 90 0

90. The distance of a person's best vision is 50 cm. At what distance from the mirror does he need to be in order to better see his image in the mirror?

A.50 cm

B. 1 m

H. 25 cm

D. 12.5 cm

D. As close as possible.

91. An object is located at a distance of 2 m from a converging lens with a focal length of 1 m. At what distance is the image from the lens?

A. 0.5 m

B. 1.5 m

H. 2 m

D. 1 m

D. No picture

92. The optical system of the eye builds an image of distant objects in front of the retina. What is this vision defect and what lenses are needed for glasses?

A. Farsightedness, collecting.

B. Farsightedness, scattering

B. Myopia, collecting.

G. Myopia, scattering

93. How long does it take for light to cover the distance from the Earth to the Sun, equal to 150 million km?

A. 0 sec

B. 1.3 * 10 -3 sec

B.0.5 sec

D. 1.3 sec

D. 1200 sec

E. 8.3 min

94. The distance of a person's best vision is 40 cm. At what distance from the mirror does he need to be in order to better see his image in the mirror?

A.10cm

B. 20 cm

H. 40 cm

D. 80 cm

D. As close as possible.

95. The angle of incidence of the beam on the mirror surface is 70 0 . What is the angle between the reflected beam and the mirror surface?

A. 70 0

B. 80 0

V. 40 0

G. 20 0

D. 90 0

96. What is called dispersion?

A. Light bending around obstacles

B. Addition of two light waves

B. Dependence of the refractive indication on the wavelength of light

D. Separation of one wave from a beam of light

97. What phenomena prove that light is a stream of particles?

A. Polarization

B. Dispersion

B. Photoelectric effect

D. Diffraction

Section 7 "Atomic and Nuclear Physics"

98. Laser radiation is:

A. thermal radiation

B. stimulated emission

B. spontaneous (spontaneous) radiation

G. luminescence

99. Who discovered the phenomenon of photoelectric effect:

A. M. Plank

B. A. Einstein

V. P. Lebedev

G. A. Stoletov

100. Determine the energy of a photon for light with a frequency of Hz.

A. J

B. J

W. J

D. data in the problem is not enough

101. The core contains:

A. 100 protons and 250 neutrons

B. 250 protons and 150 electrons

B. 100 protons and 150 neutrons

D. 250 neutrons and 100 electrons

102. Electromagnetic radiation, the photon energy of which is equal to 8 eV, falls on a nickel plate. In this case, as a result of the photoelectric effect, electrons with a maximum energy of 3 eV fly out of the plate. What is the work function of electrons in nickel?

A. 11 eV

B. 5 eV

B. 3 eV

D. 8 eV

103. As a result of α - decay, the nucleus of the isotope of gold turns into a nucleus:

104. During the construction of nuclear power plants, it is necessary to solve the following environmental problem:

A. reducing construction costs

B. prevention of radioactive releases into the atmosphere

B. downsizing of a nuclear reactor

D. Estimation of stocks of fissile materials

105. The sun emits all sorts of electromagnetic radiation, carrying away every second an energy equal to J. How many kilograms does the mass of the sun decrease every second?

A. per kg

B. per kg

V. per kg

G. per kg

106. A nickel plate is illuminated by light whose photon energy is 8 eV. As a result of the photoelectric effect, electrons with a kinetic energy of 3.5 eV fly out of the plate. What is the work function of electrons in nickel?

A. 11.5 eV

B. 4.5 eV

B. 2.3 eV

G. - 4.5 eV

107. The boron nucleus consists of:

A. 5 electrons and 11 neutrons

B. 5 protons and 6 neutrons

B. 5 protons and 11 neutrons

D. 11 protons and 6 neutrons

108. As a result of β - decay, the magnesium nucleus turns into a nucleus:

109. Alpha particle is:

A. the nucleus of a hydrogen atom

B. the nucleus of one of the isotopes of hydrogen

B. the nucleus of a helium atom

D. one twelfth of the nucleus of a carbon atom

110. The core consists of:

A. neutrons and electrons

B. protons and neutrons

B. protons and electrons

G. neutrons

111. Indicate the second product of a nuclear reaction?

G. - particle

112. The figure shows a diagram of the energy levels of an atom. What number indicates the transition that corresponds to the radiation of the highest frequency:

Answers:

Section 1 "Mechanics"

Physics Test #1

Test on the chapter "Introduction" and paragraphs 1-6 of the textbook Physics. 7th grade: textbook. for general education institutions / A.V. Peryshkin. - 11th ed., stereotype. - M.: Drofa, 2007. - 192 p.: Ill..

Diagnostic work allows you to evaluate the achievement of the most important planned results in accordance with the content of the 7th grade physics course in the "Introduction" chapter.

Instructions for the test

The test time is 15 minutes. The variant of the diagnostic work consists of 11 tasks with a choice of answers. When passing the test, you must choose one correct answer in each question. Tasks 1 - 6, 11 are worth 1 point, 7 - 10 - 2 points, and 0 points if there is not a single element of the correct answer. The maximum score for the entire work is 15 points. The scale for converting points into an assessment: 13 - 15 points (5), 10 - 12 points (4), 7 - 9 points (3), 6 or less points (2).

Demo version

1. Are they called physical phenomena?

a) any transformation of a substance,

b) any manifestation of the properties of a substance,

c) any transformation of a substance or manifestation of its properties without changing the composition of the substance,

d) any transformation of a substance or manifestation of its properties when the composition of the substance changes.

2. Specify the physical body.

a) glass, b) aluminum, c) wood, d) window.

3. Which of the following expressions denotes a physical quantity:

a) the depth of the river, b) water in the river, c) clear water, d) cold water.

4. The task lists physical quantities and units of their measurement. Select correct conformity.

a) time, meter (m), b) length, second (s),

c) temperature, millimeter (mm), d) volume, cubic meter (m3).

5. In which of the following cases does a person conduct an experiment?

a) when he sits on the shore of the lake and looks how the boat moves away from him,

b) when he stands on the shore and takes out a coin that has fallen into it from the water,

c) when he throws pebbles, chips, pieces of paper into the river and sees which of these objects will sink,

d) when he watches the clouds.

6. Below are the numerical designations of prefixes. Which answer a mistake was made?

a) centi (s) - 0.01, b) milli (m) - 0.001,

c) micro (mk) - 10000, d) kilo (k) - 1000.

7. Express 10 ml in cm3, dm3, m3.

a) 100 cm3; 0.01 dm3; 0.1 m3, b) 100 cm3; 1000 dm3; 10000 m3,

c) 10 cm3; 0.01 dm3; 0.00001 m3, d) 10 cm3; 1 dm3; 0.01 m3.

8. What will be the values ​​​​of lengths equal to 4 m and 100 m, if they are expressed in cm.

a) 40 cm and 10 cm, b) 400 cm and 1 cm,

c) 400 cm and 10 cm, d) 40 cm and 1 cm.

9. Determine the stopwatch.

a) 42 min 7 s, b) 49 s, c) 7 h 42 min, d) 7 min 42 s.

10. The figure shows a pencil tightly wrapped in thin wire and a ruler. Determine the division scale of the ruler and the diameter of the wire.

a) 1 mm; 2 mm. b) 1 cm; 2 mm, c) 1.2 cm; 3.6 cm, d) 1 cm; 2.4 cm

11. Why does everyone need to know physics?

a) because physics explains the causes of various natural phenomena,

b) this science allows you to create new, more and more perfect technology,

c) because physics provides knowledge about the most general laws of nature that play a big role in the life of every person,

d) all answers are correct.

Right answers

Question number

Any phenomenon of the material world can be studied by experimental and theoretical physics. Physical discoveries have advanced the progress of mankind as a whole. Thanks to research, telephones, cars, computers and other useful and important inventions appeared in due time.

Physics as a science of the world and its laws has always been the engine of progress. Of course, the humanities do not need a deep immersion in the subject, but an adult without basic knowledge makes a strange impression when he does not understand the criteria for choosing a car and other elementary things.

Knowing physics is useful at least in order not to feel like Alice in Wonderland. Ignorance fills the world with secrets and mysteries, but an adult who does not understand why stars can be seen at night, dew appears in the morning, and wheels are made of rubber, evokes sympathy.

Stationary charged particles create an electrostatic field. Moving particles form a magnetic field, that is, an electric current. Electrical and magnetic field closely related, as they give rise to each other. Without this connection, there would be no radio waves or light.

Physics as a science is constantly developing, going deeper and deeper into the theory of relativity, quantum mechanics and electrodynamics, the study nuclear energy, hydrodynamics, aerodynamics. New knowledge allows a person to comprehend the secrets of his own being and the infinite cosmos.

Electrostatics studies the interaction of motionless electric charges. Like-charged bodies repel each other, while opposite-charged bodies attract. physical phenomenon familiar to every student. School course electrostatics deepens the understanding of this process.

Water vapor enters the atmosphere as a result of evaporation, the rate of which depends on air temperature and wind, topography, vegetation cover, etc. Two opposite processes constantly occur on the earth: the surface is irrigated by precipitation and dried by evaporation.

Computer-aided design systems implement design technologies. CAD consists of personnel and a number of technical, software and other automation tools. The system was developed in the USA after World War II for the military-industrial complex.

Electrical engineering is concerned with the generation, distribution, conversion, and use of electricity, as well as the design and operation of components, circuits, and equipment. As a science, electrical engineering studies electrical and magnetic phenomena for practical use.

Scientists using various tools are trying to describe the principles of the processes occurring in the nature of the planet and the Universe. scientific theories, as a rule, synthesize facts and observations of specific phenomena. Not all theories are reduced to equations, but in physics it succeeds.

The genius of Albert Einstein is a proven fact and everything that we learn about the outstanding physicist only confirms his originality. The life story of a scientist is filled with unexpected and difficult events, acquaintance with which is surprising.

Physics is a natural science that studies General characteristics everything that surrounds us. The subject includes the study of matter (substance and field) and various forms of its existence and movement. The field of study of physics is also the main natural phenomena that control the movement of matter. The main task of physics is to reveal the laws of nature, which underlie all physical phenomena, in order to use them in practical activities.

The study of the world clearly shows that it is knowable, but infinite in knowledge. Matter is in constant motion, i.e., it is constantly changing. Thus, the world is matter in constant motion and development. Regularities common to all material systems are called physical laws.

Physics is considered a fundamental science, because for others natural sciences(biology, chemistry, geology, etc.) physical laws are basic for describing the studied material systems. For example, chemistry studies the transformation of one substance into another. Chemical properties substances are determined by the properties of atoms and molecules, described by physical laws - thermodynamics, electromagnetism, quantum physics.

Ministry of General and vocational education

Sverdlovsk region

State budgetary educational institution

secondary vocational education

Sverdlovsk region

"Mining Polytechnic"

Intermediate certification

Developer

Teacher of the 1st category

Lorenz S. Yu.

N-Tagil

2012

Explanatory note.

Regulations:

Law of the Russian Federation "On Education"

Federal Law on Amendments and Additions to Article 16 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" dated July 20, 2000 No. 102-F3.

A conceptual approach to the formation of the "Main Directions for the Development of Education in the Sverdlovsk Region for 2004-2000 (Program IV)".

State educational standard NGO.

OU development programs.

Curriculum OU.

Regulations on the intermediate and final certification of students of PU No. 104.

An exemplary program for the subject.

Target: Identify the correspondence between the skills and abilities of students and the state standard

Tasks:

1. Assess the skills and abilities acquired while studying the subject

2. Analyze the factors affecting the quality of education.

3. Track the dynamics of the development of the quality of education.

As a result of the development academic discipline the student should be able to:

describe and explain physical phenomena and properties of bodies: movement of celestial bodies and artificial earth satellites; properties of gases, liquids and solids;

differ hypotheses from scientific theories;

draw conclusions based on experimental data;

give examples showing that: observations and experiment are the basis for putting forward hypotheses and theories, allow you to check the truth of theoretical conclusions; physical theory makes it possible to explain known phenomena of nature and scientific facts, to predict still unknown phenomena;

give examples of the practical use of physical knowledge: laws of mechanics, thermodynamics

perceive and, on the basis of the acquired knowledge, independently evaluate information contained in media reports, the Internet, popular science articles.

apply the acquired knowledge to solve physical problems;

determine the nature of the physical process according to the schedule, table, formula;

to measure row physical quantities, presenting the results of measurements, taking into account their errors;

As a result of mastering the academic discipline, the student should know:

meaning of concepts: physical phenomenon, hypothesis, law, theory, substance, interaction

meaning of physical quantities: speed, acceleration, mass, force, momentum, work, mechanical energy, internal energy, absolute temperature, the average kinetic energy of particles of matter, the amount of heat

meaning of physical laws classical mechanics, gravity, conservation of energy, momentum

contribution of Russian and foreign scientists , which had the greatest influence on the development of physics;

Form of attestation: Test

Methodology: written

Tools: Test tasks, creative task

Evaluation method: expert

Chapter: Mechanics, Molecular physics

General competencies:

Understand the essence and social significance of your future profession, show a steady interest in it

Organize your own activities based on the goal and ways to achieve it, determined by the head

Analyze work situation, carry out current and final control, evaluation and correction of their own activities, be responsible for the results of their work.

Search for information necessary for the effective performance of professional tasks

Use information and communication technologies in professional activity

Work in a team, communicate effectively with colleagues, management, customers

Perform military duty, including with the application of acquired professional knowledge (for young men)

Competence criteria (basic, general)

competencies

General competencies

Subject Criteria

Job numbers

OK7

The need to do work;

Shows emotional psychological stability;

Regulatory competencies

Know the basic concepts

Know basic formulas

Know fundamental laws

Performs tasks according to the model

Social competencies

Uses reference literature;

Ability to use tables and graphs

Analytical competencies

Perform tasks other than the algorithm

Creative competencies

Find the problem in the text

Perform a short note

The solution of the problem

Self-improvement competencies

Checking the formula for dimension

Perform self-assessment

Intermediate Calculations

self-esteem

Intermediate control work of the 1st course

What forces in the mechanism retain their value when moving from one inertial system counting to another?

Only gravity.

Only elastic forces.

Only the forces of friction.

All three forces listed in answers A-B.

The values ​​of all three forces change

Why in the frames of reference connected with the Earth, in most practical cases, the phenomena associated with the non-inertiality of the frames of reference are imperceptible?

Because the Earth rotates uniformly with a constant period of revolution.

Because the centripetal accelerations of points on the Earth's surface are small.

Because the period of rotation of the Earth around its axis is long.

Because the centripetal acceleration of points on the surface of the Earth is much less than the acceleration of free fall.

None of the answers A-D is correct.

Disc radiusRrolls on a horizontal surface without slipping. At the point in timetthe speed of the center of the disk (point O) relative to the Earth is equal toV(Fig. 1). What are the speed and acceleration of point A in the reference frame associated with the Earth?

BUT . V,V/R

B . 2V, V/R

AT . 2V, 4V/R

G . 2V, V/2R

D . V, V/2R

4. In three vessels with a volumeV= V= V= Vat the same temperature there are chemically non-reacting gases with massesm, m, m and pressures p, p, prespectively. Gases were pumped into one vessel with a volumeV. Which of the following equations is not true?

1).m=m+ m+ m2).p=p+p+p3).V=V+V+V

5. Under what condition is fair A=0?

one). T=0 2). p=0 3). V=0

6.Liquid boiling point:

1).as atmospheric pressure rises

2). With increasing atmospheric pressure, it decreases

3).not affected by atmospheric pressure

7. The average distance between water molecules during the transition of water from a gaseous state to a solid state at normal pressure will decrease by about ...

A. 10 times. B. 20 times.

B.100 times. G. 1000 times.

D. 10,000 times.

8. How has the volume of thisamount of ideal gas atstate transition1 to state 2 ?

A. Increased.

B. Remained unchanged.

B. Decreased.

D. Could increase or decrease sew.

E. The process is not possible.

9. The figure shows a graod pressure dependency fixmole of an ideal gas fromvolume. Which of the chartscan match dependencygas pressure versus temperature ry

For such a process?

D. None of the charts.

10. With some process carried out with an idealgas, the relationship between pressure and volume of gaspV 2 = const. How will the temperature changeT ha for, if you increase its volume by 2 times?

A. Will not change.

B. Will increase by 4 times.

b. It will decrease by 4 times.
D. Will increase by 2 times.
D. Decrease by 2 times.

11.On R- V-diagram (Fig. 1) shows five processes of changing the state of the gas. Which of the graphicskov can correspond to the adiabatic process?

Fig.1

12. To measure the humidity of atmospheric air ina vessel containing air, a few drops were droppeda drop of water, quickly closed the vessel with a stopper and connectedwires with a water pressure gauge. After a few michickpea pressure gauge detected an increase in pressure in thecourt at 10 cm of water column. What is the relative humidity of the atmospheric air? Temperatureair 20 °C. Saturated water pressureditch at 20 °C is 2.33 kPa.

A. 100%. B. 42%. B. 58%. D. 14%. D. 70%.

Creative task: read the passage formulate the problem, make a short note, draw a picture and solve the problem

Well, this is how our Ivan rides
Behind the ring to the okian.
The hunchback flies like the wind.
And in the beginning on the first evening
A hundred thousand miles waved
And he didn't rest anywhere.

Emotional-psychological competencies

Regulatory competencies

Social competencies

Analytical competencies

Creative competencies

Self-improvement competencies

Total points

Score "5" - from 15-18 points, "4" - from 11-14 points, "3" - from 8-10 points, "2" - up to 8 points.

Memo for the student

The work consists of 13 tasks:

• 12 test tasks: in each task, select one answer;

  one creative task: read a passage, formulate a problem, make a short note, draw a picture and solve the problem

:

Presence of intermediate calculations

Having self-esteem

Rating system:

0 - criterion is not shown

1- criterion is manifested

Evaluation Guide control work

The work is evaluated according to the following parameters :

The correctness of the task

Use of reference literature

Having self-esteem

manifestation of emotional stability in the performance of work

The creative level and the level of self-esteem are evaluated in accordance with the criteria table and in the presence of intermediate calculations

40 minutes are given to complete the work.

Rating system:

0 - criterion is not shown

1- criterion is manifested

Maximum amount points: 18

A basic level of- from 8-10 points - score "3"

The optimal level is from 10-14 points - score "4"

Advanced level - from 15-18 points - grade "5"

Name _____________________________________________ group _______________

Answer form

question number

Possible answer

Intermediate calculations, records

given: Figure

to find

Decision:

self-esteem

question number

Possible answer

Analytical note on the results of the control (practical) work in the ______ group on _____________________________________________ for 20 .. - .. academic year.

Target: establishing the level of implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard among students.

Control (practical) work consisted of the following tasks:

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

According to the results control (practical) work obtained the following results:

1. Implementation of the Federal State Standard in terms of the formation of general competencies:

Students showed possession of ________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Implementation of the Federal State Standard in terms of the formation of professional competencies:

Students showed possession of _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Students showed the following level of competencies (%):

Emotionally - psychological ______________________________

Regulatory ______________________________

Social ______________________________

Educational and cognitive ______________________________

Creative ______________________________

Self-improvement competencies ______________________________

Conclusions on the results of control (practical) work:

The students showed their possession of the Federal State Educational Standard according to ____________________________________ at the _______________________ level.

(unacceptable, acceptable, optimal)

Achieved high level formation _____________________________________________________________________________.

In further work, attention should be paid to the formation of _________________________________________________________________.

Date: Teacher: __________________________

Bibliographic list

Regulatory documents

Collection of normative documents "General secondary education in Russia", Moscow, "Progress", 1998.

Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" dated July 10, 1992 No. 3266-1.

Federal Law on Amendments and Additions to Article 16 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" dated July 20, 2000 No. 102-F3.

A conceptual approach to the formation of the "Main Directions for the Development of Education in the Sverdlovsk Region for 2004-2000 (Program IV)".

State educational standard medium (full) general education(federal and national-regional component).

OU development program.

Curriculum OU.

Regulations on the intermediate and final certification of students of PU No. 104.

Exemplary program for the subject.

10. Gromov S.V. Sharonova N.V. Physics, 10-11: A book for the teacher. - M., 2004.

11. Kabardin O.Φ., Orlov V.A. Experimental tasks in physics. 9-11 grades: tutorial for students educational institutions. - M., 2001.

12. Kasyanov V.A. Guidelines on the use of textbooks by V.A. Kasyanov “Physics. Grade 10”, “Physics. 11 cl." when studying physics at the basic and profile level. - M., 2006.

13. Kasyanov V.A. Physics. 10, 11 cells. Thematic and lesson planning. - M., 2002.

14. Labkovsky V.B. 220 problems in physics with solutions: a book for students in grades 10-11. educational institutions. - M., 2006.

15. Tables of constant values