The meaning of Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov in a brief biographical encyclopedia. The meaning of Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov in a brief biographical encyclopedia Alexander Alexandrovich Polovtsov

Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov (November 18, 1862, St. Petersburg, the Russian Empire- April 26, 1925, Leningrad, RSFSR, USSR) - historian, publicist, political and public figure. Vowel of the Irkutsk City Duma 1898–1901.

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Born in the family of a real state councilor, a well-known ethnographer and critic, assistant editor of the "Sea Collection" A. A. Kornilov. Graduated from Petersburg University. For some time he served as a commissar for peasant affairs in the Konsky district of the Radom province, and participated in the activities of the committee to combat hunger. In 1894 he entered the office as an official for special assignments, where he served until 1900. Here A.A. Kornilov dealt with issues of resettlement, electric lighting, etc. He actively participated in the public life of the city. In 1895 he was elected, was a member of the commission for the formation of office work of the city government and its economic activities. At the same time, he was engaged in the commission for the organization of public readings in, paid great attention to the issues of out-of-school education. At the invitation of the editorial board, he took an active part in the meetings of the editorial meetings of the Vostochnoye Obozrenie newspaper. In 1896-1899 he was a trustee of the free public library-reading room of the city. Participated in the work of the provincial committee of the guardian society on prisons. Provided assistance to exiled populists. In 1900 he retired. For some time he worked in the editorial office of the Saratov Diary newspaper, then moved to St. Petersburg. He took an active part in the formation of the party, in 1905-1908 he was the secretary of its Central Committee. Since 1909 - professor of history at the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, author of a course of lectures on Russian history of the 19th century, dealt with the problems of the social movement, the peasant reform of 1861. From the active political figure the news has departed.

One of the brightest Russian historians of the early XX. His history book Russia XIX is distinguished by the richness of the factual material, the thoroughness, the accuracy of the transfer of facts.

On the building of the former office of the Governor-General in memory of A.A. Kornilov October 4, 2005 a memorial plaque was installed.

Irkutsk. Historical and local lore dictionary. Irkutsk, 2011, p. 271.

Biography

In the history of Russian politics and culture, there are figures who do not fall into the list of "head characters" in a cursory enumeration. The usual division of historical figures into “heroes” and “villains” seemed to forever deprive them of their rightful place in history: they were so organic to her, so light and unambitious in life, that somehow it never occurred to their faithful comrades-in-arms to canonize them, and to the enemies - to be truly frightened and cursed. Only a thoughtful analysis of the context in which both politics and genuine culture are possible in Russia makes it possible to reveal the real role of these people in our history. Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov (1862-1925) undoubtedly belongs to the number of such unappreciated figures of pre-revolutionary Russian politics and culture. The true scale of his personality - the largest historian, politician, just a deep and conscientious Russian person - becomes clear only after years and years ...

When, at the end of 1925, Kornilov's friends scattered around the world belatedly learned of his death in Leningrad, they at first did not want to believe what had happened. Academician V.I. Vernadsky wrote to Prince D.I. Shakhovsky: " I confess that I even had doubts whether this news was true, since it did not receive any echo in the press ... But, perhaps, the press did not notice it? ...". On the death of A.A. Kornilov was responded to in the Paris emigre press by his former friend in the Cadet Central Committee, also a prominent historian A.A. Kiesewetter:

« He was a selfless worker of the common cause, willingly carrying an invisible, but huge organizational work and least of all striving to advance to the forefront, most distant from vain personal ambition ...».

Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov was born in St. Petersburg on November 18, 1862 into a noble family. Grandfather Kornilov, a sailor, was a cousin of the famous Admiral Vladimir Alekseevich Kornilov, the hero of the Navarino and Sinop battles, the head of the defense of Sevastopol, mortally wounded by a cannonball on Malakhov Kurgan. Kornilov's father, also Alexander Alexandrovich (1834–1891), went to work in the Crimean War. Black Sea Fleet volunteer; in 1857 he took part in a round-the-world trip as a flag officer. In the late 1850s, he was noticed and approached by A.V. Golovnin, friend and personal secretary of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich, younger brother Emperor Alexander II, head of the Naval Ministry and leader of the palace reformist "party". Golovnin, the informal leader of the "Konstantinovites" (later he became Minister of Public Education under Alexander II), then headed the editorial office of the famous "Naval Collection" - at first the official body of the Naval Ministry, which then played a large role in the preparation and implementation of the Great Reforms of the 1860s. Day-to-day editorial work was taken over by A.A. Kornilov: a naval officer, an honest and hardworking man, he accepted the position of assistant editor of the Naval Collection. The influence and importance of this publication at the turn of the 1850s-1860s is evidenced by the fact that the active staff of the "Collection" included such figures as M.Kh. Reitern (future Minister of Finance of the Great Reforms cabinet), writer V.A. Tsee (future chairman of the St. Petersburg censorship committee), writer and art critic D.V. Grigorovich, doctor and teacher N.I. Pirogov and others. N.G. Chernyshevsky called the "Sea Collection" "one of the most remarkable phenomena of our literature", and the future Minister of Internal Affairs P.A. Valuev once wrote that some newspapers only live by reprinting articles from the Marine Collection.

In 1861, Alexander Kornilov Sr. married Elizaveta Nikolaevna Suponeva, from whose marriage three sons and five daughters were born. A poor nobleman, burdened with a large family, decided to leave the Sea Collection, which was losing its influence, on public service. In 1866, he entered the State Control Department, under the supervision of one of the old "Konstantinovites" V.A. Tatarinov, and then successively held important positions of the manager of the control chamber in Kiev, Chisinau, Lublin, and in 1870 he settled in Warsaw. From 1881 he was the head of the office of the Odessa Governor-General I.V. Gurko, with whom then, from 1883, he worked in the same position in Warsaw. At the end of his career, Kornilov Sr. reached the rank of privy councilor and was a holder of several orders.

As for Alexander Kornilov Jr., in 1880 he graduated from the first (“Russian”) gymnasium in Warsaw and entered the mathematical faculty of St. Petersburg University, from where, having become carried away by the humanities, he transferred to another faculty - law. At that time, a unique circle of like-minded people formed at the capital's university - the so-called. "Warsawians" who began their education in the capital of Poland, and then moved to St. Petersburg to continue their studies. The members of the circle were in the future major Russian politicians and scientists Fedor and Sergei Oldenburg, Prince Dmitry Shakhovskoy, Sergei Kryzhanovsky and others. Another member of this circle, later a prominent historian Ivan Grevs, recalled the young Kornilov:

« Alexander Aleksandrovich Kornilov (in the Adya company) was a man of remarkable kindness and friendliness, who treated life on principle and seriously from his youth, an intelligent and efficient worker. He grew up in good large family with several younger sisters, for the development of whose souls he cared fraternally, almost paternally. He was sincerely imbued with patriarchal traditions of warm, strong domestic affections. Alexander Alexandrovich also transferred his ability to deep intimate relationships to his friends, which became almost blood in his heart. He, himself always ingenuous and modest to himself, highly valued the members of his friendly union and forever remained for those who themselves preserved the foundations of their spirit, a true friend in life, an indispensable collaborator in business.».

If we talk about the goals of the young members of the student "brotherhood", then the same I. Grevs defined them as follows:

« They wanted a supra-partisan, enlightened, realistically ideal, sincere, democratic liberalism to grow in student Russia... They passionately loved the people, but placed high the mission of the intelligentsia, not opposing the second to the first, but not belittling it before him either. They urged us to carry out our work not with a destructive onslaught, but with positive construction. But they foresaw the inevitability of sacrifice in the struggle against the government and were ready to accept it. On the very first and foremost plan they put forward ... the tasks of a serious passage through science: they saw how enlightenment was oppressed by power ...».

In 1886 A.A. Kornilov defended his master's thesis on the topic "On the Significance of Communal Land Ownership in the Agrarian Life of Peoples" and some time later was appointed Commissar for Peasant Affairs in the Konsky district of the Radom province of the Kingdom of Poland. Here, for the first time, the young official came face to face with peasant problems. He later recalled: “I was in my twenty-fifth year at that time. In appearance, however, I looked much younger. I even remember one incident that plunged me into considerable embarrassment at that time, when the peasants who came to me on business mistook me for a commissar's son and for a long time did not want to believe that they were dealing with the commissar himself.

Meanwhile, Kornilov wanted a more accurate application of the main idea of ​​“public service” for the members of the “brotherhood”: in February 1892, he retired from public service for the first time and devoted himself to the fight against the consequences of a terrible famine in Tambov, Voronezh and Tula for a year and a half. provinces.

In 1894, Kornilov published a number of articles in Russkaya Mysl under the general title The Fate of the Peasant Reform in the Kingdom of Poland, which were then combined in a separate publication, which drew attention to him not only as a promising public figure, but also as a talented historian and researcher. At the same time, Kornilov became a frequenter of regular "journal fixes", which were held at the apartment of the editor of "Russian Thought" V.A. Goltsev. Here, in addition to old friends (Oldenburg, Vernadsky, Shakhovsky), many other people who played an exceptional role in national history: S.A. Muromtsev (lawyer, future Chairman of the First Duma), P.N. Milyukov (historian, future Cadet leader), philosopher and jurist P.I. Novgorodtsev, zemstvo leaders and future deputies I.I. Petrunkevich, F.I. Rodichev and others.

In 1894, fate (or rather, love) brought A.A. Kornilov in the distant. The fact is that his bride, Natalya Antipovna Fedorova (“Talya”), was a native and, studying at the capital’s Higher (“Bestuzhev”) courses for a scholarship from the city duma, was then obliged to work for some time as a city teacher in. Hiding from his superiors the underlying reasons for his interest in serving in Eastern Siberia (the bride had not yet completed her course in the capital), Kornilov seeks an appointment in Irkutsk as a clerk for peasant affairs in the office of the Governor-General A.D. Goremykin.

After the decision to leave for Siberia was made, Kornilov wrote to Vernadsky, who did not approve of his intention, that entering the civil service was also for me "an undoubted compromise":

« At first I thought that it would be better to go there as an independent proletarian and study Siberia in general and the agrarian question in particular, and also take part in local journalism. But then, according to all the information collected about Siberia, I clearly saw, on the one hand, that as a private person, and even with insignificant means, it would be difficult to do anything regarding the study of the agrarian question and the study of the country in general; while the service, under certain conditions, can give me the opportunity to do both ... On the other hand, after all the conversations with the Siberians, I again began to think that it was still possible to serve in Siberia, if you did not have in mind to make a career and do not bind yourself with anything, i.e. to serve, so to speak, with a resignation letter always ready in your pocket ...».

Railway communication was in those years only to Chelyabinsk; further to Kurgan, those traveling on official business were transported in freight cars (300 miles the train went for a day). Then I had to go in mail carriages (a significant part of the year - in winter sledges). So, through Ishim, Kansk, with a stop in Barnaul (to meet the bride's brother), Tomsk and Krasnoyarsk - Kornilov, with one large suitcase, changing driving horses, drove, almost without delay, 3600 miles in the mail sleigh. The journey from Moscow took 17 days, which amazed the Irkutsk colleagues who met him - they did not expect a new official so soon.

A.A. Kornilov arrived on April 1, 1894. Temporarily, before hiring housing, he stayed at the Deco Hotel: then considered the best in Irkutsk, it seemed to him rather dirty. Introducing himself to the bride's relatives, he presented them with a gift from the capital - a box with 100 oranges, which were very rare in Siberia at that time. The bride arrived in the summer. “Talya” was also an outstanding person: she played music beautifully, freely translated from French, and in the early 1890s she also worked in a famine-fighting detachment in the Samara province.

The wedding took place on October 17, 1894. The young Kornilov couple quickly settled into cultural life and after a short time began to play in it, without exaggeration, a decisive role. It was on their initiative that a free library was organized in the city - a reading room that exists to this day. The idea of ​​its discovery arose as early as 1893 after an unexpected death in one of the expeditions - a well-known explorer of Mongolia, China and Tibet. From the funds collected for the wreath (Potanina was buried in Kyakhta), there was some money left, and the friends decided to put it in the foundation of the capital for the reading room. Things quickly moved forward thanks to the enthusiasm of the Kornilovs. At first, the city council allocated two rooms for the library in the building of the city government; soon a second branch was opened in rented premises, in a more democratic part of the city, “on Gora”. Here, later, its own library building was built, which was named after A.V. Potanina.

In 1894–1900 A.A. Kornilov served as an official for special assignments under the Governor-General, dealt with the peasant issue, zemstvo and resettlement affairs in Eastern Siberia. In Irkutsk, he became a member, organizer of the Society for the Care of the Distribution public education in the Irkutsk province", significantly expanded the activities of the "Society for the Assistance to Students of Eastern Siberia" and the "Commission for Organizing Public Readings". He was also a member of local liberal circles, editor of the Irkutsk newspaper "", founded by a well-known figure in St. Petersburg, took an active part in the creation of a new stone theater in Irkutsk (instead of the previously burnt wooden one), was elected by the City Duma among the five directors of the theater. On May 26, 1898, he delivered a public lecture on V.G. Belinsky (on the 50th anniversary of the writer's death). Kornilov was also elected a member of the Irkutsk Duma, and when the merchant V.V. Zharnikov, Kornilov was entrusted with the chairmanship in cases where, according to the City Regulations, the head did not have the right to personally conduct meetings (for example, when approving the city budget).

In 1900, the governor's seat A.D. Goremykin was taken by A.I. Panteleev, who was previously a comrade (deputy) of the Minister of the Interior and led the gendarmes. This fundamentally changed the matter, and Kornilov almost immediately resigned. Before his departure, friends collected 325 rubles by subscription to arrange a farewell dinner in his honor. Kornilov refused the banquet and asked to transfer the money to the city library, which was then confirmed by the decision of the city duma.

In his Memoirs, Kornilov described his parting with Siberia as follows:

« When I arrived in Siberia, I thought to stay there for three years, no more, but I lived for seven whole years. Seven years between the ages of 31 and 38 is a big deal! But I didn't regret it. These were the years of rapid growth in Siberia; the railroad that passed through Siberia greatly changed all the activities of its inhabitants. A powerful migration movement almost doubled the population of Siberia in a short time, and the reforms carried out in it- land and judicial- gave Siberia decent Russian people in large numbers. In the old days, a Siberian who completed a course at a university did not return to Siberia, but now many of the officials were from Siberians with a higher education. Russian people who came to serve in Siberia used to come mainly to make money and were called "dung". It was very typical. Now Russian officials in Siberia, serving in the judicial or land departments, will by no means approach this. Having lived in Siberia for seven years, I felt that I had taken root and that it was not so easy for me to part with Siberia ... I felt that I had done Siberia good, as far as we can do it ...».

After the Kornilovs returned to St. Petersburg, letters began to come to his name: they offered to speak in the elections to the mayors of Irkutsk, to become the editor of Vostochnoye Obozreniye. In turn, the head of the resettlement department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs A.V. Krivoshein offered Kornilov the position of an official for special assignments under the minister. The prospects of working with the zemstvos (it was necessary to keep in touch with the meetings of those provinces from which the settlers came) interested Kornilov, and he agreed ...

But on March 4, 1901, a peaceful youth demonstration near the Kazan Cathedral was dispersed by police whips. Kornilov, who participated in the demonstration, was among the initiators of writing a protest letter, which was published by several foreign newspapers. An arrest followed: Kornilov served twenty days in a solitary prison in St. Petersburg, then he was released with a written undertaking not to leave. By decision of the Minister of the Interior, he was forbidden to live in the capital provinces and university cities. Then he accepted an offer from Saratov, where the well-known liberal zemstvo leader N.N. Lvov bought the Saratov Diary newspaper and was looking for a strong editor. In fact, under the leadership of Lvov, a brilliant expert on the agrarian question, a kind of scientific and publishing center on the problems of reforming in the agrarian sphere was then formed in Saratov (it was in Saratov, for example, that the famous “Endangered Village” by then young A.I. Shingarev, the future cadet leader, and then minister of the Provisional Government).

The Saratov Diary did not last long. In the middle of 1902, the provincial authorities suspended the publication and ordered Lvov to radically change the composition of the editorial board. Having lost his journalistic earnings, Kornilov, not without the influence of the same Lvov, returned to Saratov to scientific work. Here he writes a number of works on the history of the peasant reform, the social movement in the era of Alexander II, the history of the Decembrist movement. In 1904, having finally received freedom of movement, Kornilov visited the capitals, and then left for Paris to P.B. Struve, who is assisted in editing the opposition uncensored magazine Liberation.

At this time, Kornilov's wife, "Tali", becomes aggravated with tuberculosis, and she is placed in a Swiss clinic. A few months later, she died and was buried according to the Orthodox rite (a Russian priest from Bern was invited) in the cemetery in Territ, which offers a beautiful view of Lake Geneva ...

Meanwhile, A.A. Kornilov, gradually expanding his circle of acquaintances in the Russian political and literary environment, finds himself in the very center of liberal public life. He took an active part in the work of the first liberal circles ("Conversations", for example) and political organizations (first of all, the famous "Union of Liberation"). After the emperor granted the Supreme Manifesto on October 17, 1905, which actually legalized in Russia political activity, Kornilov took an active part in the creation of the Constitutional Democratic Party (Party of People's Freedom), in which he was soon elected Secretary of the Central Committee, responsible for all office work and the formation of regional organizations. The importance of Kornilov the organizer in the successful election campaigns of the Kadet Party for the elections to the First and Second State Dumas is indisputable. His key role in the party increased even more after the creation of large Cadet factions in the first Dumas: on the shoulders of Kornilov, who in principle refused to be a deputy, fell on the diverse daily work, previously distributed among such recognized organizers (who became deputies) as D. Shakhovskoy, I. Petrunkevich , brothers Peter and Pavel Dolgorukov, M. Chelnokov and others.

Even the shortest list of A.A.'s formal posts and functions is impressive. Kornilov in the Cadet Party: at the First Congress (October 1905) he was elected to the Bureau of the Congress, and then to the Central Committee of the party. At the Second Congress (January 1906), already in his capacity as secretary of the Central Committee, he made the main report on organizational questions; at the Third Congress (April 1906) - a report "On extra-parliamentary activities of the party"; on the Fourth (September 1906) - a report on organizational issues; on the Fifth (October 1907) - the Report of the Central Committee for 1905-1907 ... In addition, Kornilov heads the editorial board of the Duma Leaflet - the political organ of the Cadet Party ...

In 1908 he married a second time - to the younger sister of his first wife, Catherine. When, after the birth of his daughter, Kornilov resigned from his duties as secretary of the Central Committee and temporarily retired from big politics, the Chairman of the Cadet Party, Prince Pavel Dolgorukov, wrote to him: "... I recognize the logic of your motivation for resignation. On the other hand, I consider your resignation as a secretary a terrible blow to the party, since, of course, we will not find anyone like you ... ".

In 1908-1910 Kornilov devoted himself entirely to teaching and scientific work: he is teaching a course Russian history XIX century at the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, in Pedagogical Academy and at the Higher Commercial Courses of M.V. Pobedinsky. (Subsequently, Kornilov's "Course" brought him wide popularity in scientific and pedagogical circles: he was repeatedly translated in Russia, England, and the USA.) In the same years, Kornilov the historian fruitfully dealt with new topics: Patriotic War 1812, the era of Alexander I, the work of Mikhail Bakunin and Alexander Herzen.

In December 1915, at the Sixth Congress of the Cadet Party, Kornilov again makes a detailed report on organizational activities party (within two and a half hours!) and again unanimously elected secretary of the Central Committee. And after the heroic death of the leader of the Petrograd Cadets A.V. Kolyubakin, he also becomes the head of the capital's party organization. Recalling those months, Kornilov wrote: “My work at that time was so complex and diverse that it can most conveniently be compared with running a squirrel in a wheel.”

Indeed, at that time Kornilov did everything: he participated in all meetings of the Cadet Duma faction, led the food commission of the Central Committee of the party, participated in the work of several other commissions, was a member of the Petrograd guardianship council for the poor (primarily for war invalids and families of front-line soldiers) , a member of the Petrograd Regional Committee for equipping the army.

« Due to increased activity and, in particular, due to excessive brain work, often lasting until three or four in the morning, - Kornilov recalled, - in my sleep I continued to think over all those questions that I discussed in the middle of the day: falling asleep, I continued to think about them all, and, intertwining in bizarre combinations, my thoughts in a dream, much brighter than in reality, sometimes worked out amazing conclusions that , however, later I could not catch it in any way ... Alas, then I did not feel that these were, perhaps, harbingers of apoplexy attacks that befell me a few months later...».

After February Revolution Kornilov, in addition to active work in the party, was, as a recognized expert on the peasant question, was appointed senator of the Second (“peasant”) department of the Senate. The hardest work, which did not leave time for rest, at an already respectable age, broke his health. On the night of July 2-3, 1917, right at a meeting of the Cadet Central Committee, which was considering the issue of the withdrawal of Cadet ministers from the Provisional Government, Kornilov suffered the first blow; six days later - the second.

In September, he, accompanied by his student, the son of V.I. Vernadsky - Georgy Vladimirovich (the future outstanding historian-emigrant) went with his family to Kislovodsk. There the Kornilovs, despite the occasional help from their friends, were in poverty. Daughter Tala wrote in her childhood diary: “We live in the same room, though decent and warm, but damp. All corners are moldy ... ".

Obviously, even after the final defeat of the “whites”, Kornilov did not seriously think about emigration: ill health interfered, and besides, his closest and oldest friends (Dmitry Shakhovskoy, Sergei Oldenburg, Ivan Grevs), as it turned out, remained in Russia, trying to to preserve elements of high culture in the Bolshevik homeland. In Kislovodsk, Kornilov tried to earn money by lecturing at the People's University; warmed his soul and the fact that in 1918 his famous "Course of the history of Russia of the XIX century" was republished in Russia.

In the summer of 1921 A.A. Kornilov returns to Petrograd, where he continues to lecture on national history at the Polytechnic Institute. In 1922, completely ill, he finally leaves the service and lives on a meager pension. He died in Leningrad on April 26, 1925.

An old friend of Kornilov, Prince Dmitry Ivanovich Shakhovskoy, all last years of his life (he was shot by the Bolsheviks in 1939) worked hard about the careful preservation of the literary and historical heritage of Kornilov - "for the Russian historical science and edification of the rising generation. “After all, this is the best that we have in this area,” Shakhovskoy wrote, “and we must by all means facilitate in every possible way the use of this for a generation that, without a conscious understanding of the path traversed by Russia over the past hundred years, will be a miserable talker and burdensome both for itself and for other cargo ... ".

Today, the historical works of Alexander Aleksandrovich Kornilov are being published again in Russia. A memorial plaque opened in his honor in Irkutsk, the city that he fell in love with and for which he did a lot, became a sign of his blessed memory.

Alexey Kara-Murza,

Doctor of Philosophy, Academician Russian Academy Humanities, President of the National Foundation "Russian Liberal Heritage"

Scientific-practical conference "Liberalism in Siberia: past and present". Reports of the participants of the conference. Irkutsk, October 6, 2005.Irkutsk, 2006.pp. 5-12.

Compositions

1. Peasant reform(in the series "Great reforms of the 60s in their past and present"). - St. Petersburg, 1905.
2. The Young Years of Mikhail Bakunin: From the History of Russian. romanticism. - M., 1915.
3. Years of wanderings of Mikhail Bakunin. - M.; L., 1925.
4. History of Russia in the 19th century. - M., 1993.
5. Memories // Past: historical almanac. - 1991. - No. 11.

Kornilov Alexander Alexandrovich, Russian historian, writer. Graduated from Petersburg University. He served as commissar for peasant affairs in the Kingdom of Poland, then (until 1900) under the Irkutsk governor-general. For participation in the protest of 42 writers against the beating of youth on the square in front of the Kazan Cathedral in St. Petersburg, he was exiled to Saratov in April 1901. In 1904 he lived in Paris, worked in the editorial office of the magazine P. V. Struve "Liberation". Returning to Russia, he participated in the formation of the party cadets and in 1905-08 he was secretary of its Central Committee. Since 1909, professor at the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, where he read the "Course of the History of Russia in the 19th century." (parts 1-3, 1912-14). Author of works on the history of Russia in the 19th century. (social movement of the 30-50s, the peasant reform of 1861, etc.).

Cit.: Peasant reform. St. Petersburg, 1905; Essays on the history of the social movement and peasant affairs in Russia, St. Petersburg, 1905; Social movement under Alexander II (1855-1881). Historical essays, M., 1909; Years of wanderings of Mikhail Bakunin, M.-L., 1925.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia M.: " Soviet Encyclopedia", 1969-1978

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Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov (November 18 (30), 1862 ( 18621130 ) , St. Petersburg - 1925), Russian historian, public figure. Professor at the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute (1909-1923). Secretary of the Central Committee of the Kadet Party (1905-1908).

Biography

Son of a Russian military journalist, participant Crimean War Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov (1834-1891). Graduated from Petersburg University.
He served as a commissar for peasant affairs in the Kingdom of Poland, then (until 1900) he was in charge of peasant and resettlement affairs under the Irkutsk governor-general.
In 1901, he was exiled to Saratov for participating in a protest of 42 writers against the beating of youth in St. Petersburg on the square in front of the Kazan Cathedral.
In 1904 he lived in Paris, worked in the editorial office of P. B. Struve's magazine "Liberation".
After returning to Russia, he participated in the Union of Liberation and in the zemstvo congresses of 1905.
Participated in the formation of the party of the Cadets and in 1905-1908 he was the secretary of the Central Committee of the party.
In 1907 he published the newspaper "Dumsky Listok".
Since 1909 - professor at the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, read the "Course of the History of Russia in the 19th century."

Bibliography

1. Russian history course in the 19th century/ Alexander Kornilov; [Intro. Art. A.A. Lewandowski]. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2004. - 862, p. ; 21 see - (Historical Library). Bibliography in note: p. 782-811. - Bibliography: p. 812-863. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5-17-022290-4 (AST). - ISBN 5-271-07920-1 (Astrel).
2. Russian history course in the 19th century/ [Intro. Art. A.A. Lewandowski]. - M.: Higher. school, 1993. - 445, p. ; 24 see - (Historical heritage). Bibliography at the end of the parts. - Bibliography. in note: p. 423-446. - 40000 copies. - ISBN 5-06-002838-0.
3. Alexander II: [a course in the history of Russia in the 19th century]/ A.A. Kornilov. - Moscow: Book World: Literature, 2007. - 301, p. ; 21 cm - (Great dynasties of Russia. Romanovs). On the reverse, tit. l. author: A.A. Kornilov, historian, writer. - In the region ed. not specified. - 18000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-486-01743-8.
4. Russian history course in the 19th century(in three parts) - Moscow, 1912-1914
5. The Young Years of Mikhail Bakunin. From the history of Russian romanticism(Moscow, 1914)
6. Kornilov A.A. peasant reform. - St. Petersburg. : Ed. P.P. Gershunina, 1905. - 271 p.

1. Peasant reform in the Kaluga province under V.A. Artsimoviche" (St. Petersburg, 1904)
2. Fiftieth Anniversary of the Literary Fund. 1859 - 1090" (St. Petersburg, 1909)
3. Articles Die Bauernfrage in the collection Russen uber Russland(Frankfurt am Main, 1905) and The Napoleonic Wars and later History(in the journal "Russian Review")

Sources

• Kornilov, Alexander Alexandrovich- article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia
• Biographical Dictionary

The pseudonym under which the politician Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov writes. ... In 1907 he was unsuccessfully a candidate for the 2nd State Duma in St. Petersburg.

Alyabiev, Alexander Alexandrovich, Russian amateur composer. ... The romances of A. reflected the spirit of the times. As then-Russian literature, they are sentimental, sometimes corny. Most of them are written in a minor key. They almost do not differ from Glinka's first romances, but the latter has stepped far ahead, while A. has remained in place and is now outdated.

Filthy Idolishche (Odolishche) - an epic hero ...

Pedrillo (Pietro-Mira Pedrillo) - a famous jester, a Neapolitan, who arrived in St. Petersburg at the beginning of the reign of Anna Ioannovna to sing the roles of buffa and play the violin in the Italian court opera.

Dahl, Vladimir Ivanovich
Numerous novels and stories of his suffer from the absence of a real artistic creativity, a deep feeling and a broad view of the people and life. Dal did not go further than everyday pictures, anecdotes caught on the fly, told in a peculiar language, smartly, lively, with well-known humor, sometimes falling into mannerism and joking.

Varlamov, Alexander Egorovich
Apparently, Varlamov did not work on the theory of musical composition at all and remained with the meager knowledge that he could have taken out of the chapel, which at that time did not care at all about the general musical development of its pupils.

Nekrasov Nikolai Alekseevich
None of our great poets has so many verses that are downright bad from all points of view; he himself bequeathed many poems not to be included in the collection of his works. Nekrasov is not sustained even in his masterpieces: and in them the prosaic, sluggish verse suddenly hurts the ear.

Gorky, Maxim
By his origin, Gorky does not at all belong to those dregs of society, of which he acted as a singer in literature.

Zhikharev Stepan Petrovich
His tragedy "Artaban" did not see a print or a stage, since, according to Prince Shakhovsky and the author's frank opinion, it was a mixture of nonsense and nonsense.

Sherwood-Verny Ivan Vasilievich
“Sherwood,” writes one contemporary, “in society, even in St. Petersburg, was called nothing but Sherwood nasty ... comrades in military service they shunned him and called him by the dog name "fidelka".

Obolyaninov Petr Khrisanfovich
... Field Marshal Kamensky publicly called him "a state thief, a bribe-taker, a fool stuffed."

Popular biographies

Peter I Tolstoy Lev Nikolayevich Ekaterina II Romanovs Dostoevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich Lomonosov Mikhail Vasilyevich Alexander III Suvorov Alexander Vasilyevich

) - Russian historian, public figure. Vowel of the Irkutsk City Duma (1898-1901). Secretary of the Central Committee of the Kadet Party (1906-1908; 1915-1917).

Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov
Date of Birth	November 18 (30)
Place of Birth
Date of death	26 April(1925-04-26 ) (62 years old)
The country
Scientific sphere	Historian
Place of work	St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University
Academic title	Professor
Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov at Wikimedia Commons

Biography

The son of a Russian military journalist, a participant in the Crimean War, Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov (1834-1891).

Bibliography

1. Russian history course in the 19th century/ Alexander Kornilov; [Intro. Art. A. A. Levandovsky]. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2004. - 862, p. ; 21 see - (Historical Library). Bibliography in note: p. 782-811. - Bibliography: p. 812-863. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5-17-022290-4 (AST). - ISBN 5-271-07920-1 (Astrel).
2. Russian history course in the 19th century/ [Intro. Art. A. A. Levandovsky]. - M.: Higher. school, 1993. - 445, p. ; 24 see - (Historical heritage). Bibliography at the end of the parts. - Bibliography. in note: p. 423-446. - 40000 copies. - ISBN 5-06-002838-0.
3. History of Russia in the 19th century. In 3 vols. M., ed. Sabashnikov, 1918
4. Alexander II: [a course in the history of Russia in the 19th century]/ A. A. Kornilov. - Moscow: Book World: Literature, 2007. - 301, p. ; 21 cm - (Great dynasties of Russia. Romanovs). On the reverse, tit. l. author: A. A. Kornilov, historian, writer. - In the region ed. not specified. - 18000 copies. -