Patrol ship 1135 of the project is striking. Vigilant (1970). Onboard navigation equipment

It appears that the Navy Soviet Union unwittingly followed the rule "the smaller the ship, the more useful it is."
This was exactly the patrol ship of project 1135 under the code "Petrel". Modest patrol boats with a displacement of only 3,000 tons more than once adequately defended the interests of the USSR at sea. This is, perhaps, our only class of warships that participated in direct confrontation with the US Navy in a situation close to combat.

Burevestniki were created to solve a wide range of tasks to ensure anti-submarine and air defense of ship formations in open sea areas and in the littoral zone, escort convoys in areas of local armed conflicts and protect territorial waters. Strikingly different from its predecessors not only in its elegant appearance, but also in weapons systems and means of detecting enemy submarines, advanced energy and high level automation, these ships brought the country's long-range anti-submarine defense to a qualitatively new level. Their successful design provided them with a long active service in all maritime and ocean theaters, their possibilities have not been exhausted to this day.

An undoubted achievement of the design team of N.P. Sobolev was the deployment of solid weapons on such a small ship: 4 launchers of the Rastrub-B anti-submarine complex (originally - Metel), 2 Osa-M air defense systems, two 76 mm artillery mounts AK-726, RBU-6000, torpedoes .
In an impartial comparison, the Petrels clearly lose to frigates of the Oliver Hazard Perry type (the lack of a helicopter, short cruising range, weak air defense affects). But the patrol ships of Project 1135 had their own advantage - these were the ships that our fleet needed at that time: simple, cheap and efficient.

For the first time, the Petrels met face to face with a "probable enemy" on October 28, 1978, when the Zealous TFR participated in the rescue operation of 10 American pilots from the Alfa-Foxtrot 586 reconnaissance aircraft (P-3C Orion), which sank off the coast Kamchatka.

The most striking moment from the combat service of the Burevestnikov was the bulk of the TFR "Bezzavetny" on the US Navy cruiser "Yorktown" on February 12, 1988, when the American group was forced out of Soviet territorial waters off the coast of Crimea. The captain of the 2nd rank Bogdashin Vladimir Ivanovich commanded the ship.

The decisive actions of the TFR commander were unexpected for the American sailors. An emergency alarm was sounded on the Yorktown, the personnel rushed down from the decks and platforms. The blow fell on the area of the helipad - a tall sharp stem with a forecastle of the TFR, figuratively speaking, climbed onto the cruising helipad and, with a roll of 15-20 degrees to the port side, began to destroy with its mass, as well as everything that came across from the hawse anchor, gradually sliding towards the cruising stern: tore the skin of the side of the superstructure, cut down all the rails of the helipad, broke the commander's boat, then slid down to the poop deck (stern) and also demolished all the rails with racks. Then he hooked the Harpoon anti-ship missile launcher - it seemed that a little more and the launcher would be pulled off its fasteners to the deck. But at that moment, having caught on something, the anchor broke away from the anchor chain and, like a ball (3.5 tons in weight!), Having flown over the aft deck of the cruiser from the port side, collapsed into the water already behind its starboard side, miraculously not hooking any of the sailors on the deck of the cruiser's emergency party. Of the four containers of the Harpoon anti-ship missile launcher, two were broken in half along with the missiles.
A day later, the American group consisting of the cruiser URO "Yorktown" and the destroyer "Caron" left the inhospitable Black Sea.

Another high-profile incident occurred on the Watchtower TFR - an uprising led by the ship's political officer, 3rd-rank captain Valery Sablin. On the night of November 8-9, 1975, Sablin locked the commander of the Potulny ship in the acoustic compartment and seized control of the Watchtower. Having received the support of some of the officers and midshipmen, Sablin announced his intentions to the team: in protest against the "party's departure from Lenin's provisions in the construction of socialism," send a ship to Leningrad and speak on Central Television with an appeal to Brezhnev. Captain Sablin's odyssey ended tragically: the ship was intercepted by Baltic Fleet. The crew of the Watchtower TFR was disbanded, and Sablin himself was accused of treason and was shot on August 3, 1976.

TFR "Vigilant" in the summer of 1972, being in the war zone while performing combat service in the Mediterranean Sea, performed the task of providing assistance armed forces Egypt and Syria.

Burevestniki became the most numerous series of warships of the USSR Navy - a total of 32 ships were built in 3 main modifications. During the combat service, Project 1135 patrol ships visited the DPRK, Yemen, and Ethiopia. Tunisia, Spain, Seychelles, India. TFR "Bodry" visited Luanda (Angola) and Lagos (Nigeria), and TFR "Fierce" reached Havana.

Corvettes have always been a strong class of the Russian Navy. On the basis of our projects, patrol ships of the Talwar type (modification of the Burevestnik for the Indian Navy) and Gepard 3.9 (modification of the TFR pr. 11660 for the Vietnamese Navy) are built for export. The latest domestic corvettes of the "Guarding" type (pr. 20380) are superior to all foreign analogues. Project 20380 has been rebalanced in terms of firepower and is more than versatile, featuring compactness, stealth and a high level of automation of ship systems.

The appearance of the ships of project 1135 (code name "Petrel") for domestic fleet was a breakthrough for the future. The project, developed by Soviet designers almost half a century ago, turned out to be so successful that its modifications are being built to this day.

For several decades, Soviet patrol ships (SKR) were actually destroyers - strike combat units of the near sea zone. However, the appearance of nuclear submarines with ballistic missiles in the United States forced the USSR to reconsider its priorities. Now the Soviet Navy was faced with the task of preventing a potential enemy from approaching its shores at the range of a missile salvo. Large anti-submarine ships (VPK), due to their small number, could not complete this task. There was a need for a new ship - seaworthy enough for independent operations in the ocean, but at the same time relatively inexpensive and suitable for large-scale construction.

PROJECT

The terms of reference for the development of the TFR project 1135 was issued in 1964. The designers had to create a truly innovative ship. A new construction technology, the widespread use of non-traditional structural materials (titanium and then fashionable aluminum-magnesium alloys), advanced automation and electronic warfare systems are just some of the innovations used in the project. The lead ship, named Vigilant, was laid down at the Yantar plant in Kaliningrad in June 1968. On December 31 (a date very characteristic of the planned economy era), 1970, it officially entered service, although testing and delivery various systems continued for several more months. It is noteworthy that, in terms of its characteristics, the lead Burevestnik was so different from its predecessors - TFR projects 50,35 and 159, that it was initially classified as a military-industrial complex. Only in 1977, the ships of project 1135 were again reclassified to the TFR, which they were in the process of their development.

DESCRIPTION

The all-welded hull of the Project 1135 ship had an elongated forecastle and fundamentally new contours, which ensured good seaworthiness. Inside the case was divided into 14 main watertight compartments. The power plant was very original - two pairs of gas turbines, mid-flight and afterburner, working on the shafts through gearboxes and tire-pneumatic couplings. All mechanisms had vibration-damping coatings and special shock absorbers. In addition, the acoustic field of the ship was reduced by an underwater bubble camouflage system. As a result, the Petrels at that time became the quietest ships of the Soviet Navy. To carry out the main task - the fight against submarines - the Metel rocket torpedoes and very powerful sonar stations (GAS) were used: the Titan and the towed Vega. Compared with the prototype - the American ASROK system - the Metel anti-submarine complex had significantly better characteristics. The 85-R guided missile had a firing range of up to 50 km (ASROK - about 10 km).

The AT-2U torpedo was used as a warhead. She dropped into given point on a parachute and, once in the water, moved in a spiral, gradually sinking deeper and deeper. The active homing system all this time led a continuous search for a submarine; as soon as the equipment captured the target, the torpedo was immediately sent to it and increased its speed to 40 knots. Later, the 85-R missiles were replaced by new 85-RU Rastrub missiles, which could also be used against surface targets.

Artillery armament initially consisted of two twin 76-mm AK-726 gun mounts. Later, starting from the 22nd Corps, they were replaced by two more powerful 100-mm AK-100 universal guns with new system management MP-145 "Lion". The project of the ship with reinforced artillery armament received the designation 1135M.

EXPLOITATION

Ships of this type from 1968 to 1981 were serially built at three plants: in Kaliningrad, Leningrad and Kerch. In total, 32 units entered the Soviet Navy, including 11 of the 1135M project. It is significant that the sailors who served on the Burevestniki unanimously evaluate them exclusively with positive side, noting the high reliability of mechanisms, excellent seaworthiness and maneuverability, powerful weapons and perfect electronics. However, during the operation of the ships, their shortcomings were also revealed, the most important of which was the discrepancy between the range of the Metel anti-submarine missile system and sonar detection equipment. No matter how perfect the Titan and Vega GAS were, they still usually managed to establish reliable contact with a potential enemy submarine at a distance of 10-15 km, that is, several times less than the range of a rocket torpedo. This problem could be solved by a helicopter with appropriate search equipment, but it was impossible to place it on board the ship without a radical alteration of the project.

MODERNIZATIONS

At the end of the 1980s, it was planned to carry out a deep modernization of the TFR: replace both GAS with the new generation Zvezda-M1 hydroacoustic complex, install the Fregat-MA radar, and instead of jet bombers, two quad launchers of Uran anti-ship missiles. Before the collapse of the USSR, they managed to carry out work on only three ships, and even then on one of them (“Zharkom”) - only partially, without replacing the radar and dismantling the RBU. The Burevestnik became the progenitor of the family of project 11351 border patrol ships and project 11356 multi-purpose frigates. The latter were built for the Indian Navy, and now their modified version is being serially built for the Russian fleet. However, these ships deserve a separate story.

TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS. TFR "VIGENT" (PROJECT 1135)

Displacement / t:
- standard: 2835
- full: 3200
Dimensioned, m:
- maximum length: 122.9
- maximum width: 14.2
– average draft: 7.2
GEM: gas turbine with a total capacity of 52,000 liters. with.
Maximum speed, knots: 32 (59 km/h)
Cruising range, miles: 4000 (at a speed of 14 knots)
Armament: 4 launchers of the Metel missile launchers, 2 launchers of the Osa air defense missile system (40 missiles), 2 x 76-mm gun mounts AK-726, 2 x 533-mm torpedo tubes, 2 RBU-6000
Crew, people: 192 (including 22 officers)

"Vigilant": service history

Tests and the first campaign

The ceremonial descent from the slipway into the floating dock "Baltika" of the lead ship of project 1135 "Vigilant" took place at the shipyard "Yantar" on March 28, 1970. After installing a new fairing, he went down to the water and stood at the outfitting embankment. Mooring tests of mechanisms and devices were completed by September.

On October 5, a military crew settled on the ship. Intensive studies on the study of materiel immediately began. One of the most experienced anti-submarine officers in the fleet, Captain 3rd Rank Gennady Mikhailovich Generalov, was appointed commander of the Vigilant. Previously, he commanded the SKA-33, BO-342 and TFR project 35a "Gangutets". The commanders of the combat units were also selected very carefully - after all, they had to master a fundamentally new technique.

Immediately after the raising of the Naval flag, which took place on December 5, 1970, Vigilant went to sea for the first time. True, there were some troubles: due to the imperfection of the first marching gear attachment at idle, the mooring end wound around the screw. In the future, this prefix was modernized, and it could idle for half an hour (“stop screw” mode). But for the first time, they had to go out to sea with a rope wound around a propeller, and instead of the commander, a nominal watch from the commander of the fleet was given to a diver who got an unplanned dive into the icy December water.

Sea trials were carried out from 26 to 31 December in the Gulf of Gdansk and the South Baltic, and tests of the towed sonar station were carried out in the Liepaja region, where the depth of the sea allows. On the measuring line, "Vigilant" developed a design speed of 32 knots. The gas turbine plant worked fine, but once splashes with ice clogged the air intake of the power plant near the bow superstructure, and the military-industrial complex (recall, at first the “petrels” were classified as large anti-submarine ships) lost speed. To get out of this situation, a steam pipeline was brought to the air intake. On subsequent ships, in order to avoid this phenomenon, “wings” with doors were installed onboard.

During all state tests, the ship was carrying a military and commissioning (that is, consisting of factory specialists) teams, representatives of contractors, research institutes and other organizations. The chief designer of the project, N.P. Sobolev, was also present on board.

In general, the tests were quite successful, but still the head order is the head order. Upon returning to the factory selection committee and personnel made about 3,000 comments. They were urgently eliminated, and in accordance with the plan on December 31, 1970, the ship was handed over to the fleet - however, without receiving weapons.

March 16, 1971 "Vigilant" was officially included in the 128th missile ship brigade of the DCBF. In the same month, in the presence of the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet, Chief of Arms of the Navy, Admiral P.G. Kotov, the first tests of the Metel PLUR took place in the Gulf of Gdansk. At the same time, the admiral, wanting to look closely at the turn of the launcher, almost flew overboard when turning the ship. The sailor saved the admiral by picking him up on the rails. In the future, for debugging and testing missile weapons - "Snowstorms" and "Wasps" - the military-industrial complex decided to send them to the Feodosia training ground. The transition from the Baltic through the Atlantic and the Mediterranean to the Black Sea took 20 days - from June 1 to 20. Formally, the ship had not yet passed the combat training course, but the need for it was so great that the leadership of the Navy took a certain risk. To ensure the work of the newest power plant, about 30 gas turbine specialists, electricians, motorists, and workers of the Southern Turbine Plant from Nikolaev were called up from the reserve as sailors and foremen from the reserve. But the risk was justified: the transition was completed successfully, and the turbines proved to be excellent.

In neutral waters, naturally, NATO aircraft constantly hung over the ship - newest ship aroused great interest among the "probable adversary". In the West, "Vigilant" received the nickname "Krivak". Provocative information appeared in the foreign media that the new Soviet ship was armed with strike missiles with nuclear warheads capable of hitting coastal targets. These actions were aimed at undermining the confidence of the Baltic countries - Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland - in the Soviet Union. However, it quickly became clear that this information was nothing more than another "duck".

The commander of the 12th division, captain of the 1st rank, V.A. Lapenkov, and the commander of the ship, captain of the 2nd rank, G.M. Generalov, did not leave the bridge for 20 days. Finally, on June 20, 1971, Vigilant arrived in Sevastopol, where he was met by the commander of the Black Sea Fleet, Admiral V.S. Sysoev.

Over the next month, intensive tests of the Metel PLRK and the Osa air defense system were carried out at the Feodosia training ground. The latter, as already mentioned, was installed without working out the pitching angles and anti-splashing measures. These tasks had to be solved directly on the ship.

Anti-aircraft fire was carried out at the M-6 target. The Blizzard was equipped with a rocket torpedo without a combat charging compartment, shooting was practiced at a target submarine sheathed with wood. Lieutenants Pronkin and Kachanovich (now Rear Admiral) controlled the firing. During the tests in Feodosia, a new first officer arrived on the ship - V.G. Egorov (later the commander of the Baltic Fleet, and now the governor of the Kaliningrad region). It should be noted that Vigilant-class ships became the first step in the career ladder for many officers and admirals.

On August 4, 1971, the ship was shown to the leaders of the party and government in Sevastopol. Vigilant was visited by General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU L.I. Brezhnev, Commander-in-Chief of the Navy S.G. Gorshkov, leadership of the fleet and the shipbuilding industry. The Secretary General examined the BOD, but did not show much interest. Another thing is the commander in chief. Sergei Georgievich was always aware of the state of affairs on each new ship, although dozens of them were built every year then. During the testing period, he visited Vigilant twice. This time, for the distinguished guests, a demonstration shooting was carried out with two Metel rocket-torpedoes.

The act on the successful completion of state tests of missile weapons - the Metel PLRK, the Start system and the Osa-M air defense system - was signed on September 30, 1971. On this basis, the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy decided to send the ship to combat service in the Mediterranean Sea. This has never happened before. Formally, Vigilant did not even pass the K-1 course, but the tests carried out over six months showed a high level of crew training, which constantly mastered its ship throughout the entire period of construction. Representatives of science and industry were engaged not only in "iron", but also in the training of those who would be entrusted with the latest weapons. The classes were distinguished by a deep theoretical study of all issues, and each officer, foreman and sailor had a secret notebook with notes on the construction of the ship and on the equipment of his specialty.

The order to accept course tasks K-1 and K-2 was signed by the commander of the Baltic Fleet, Admiral V. V. Mikhailin, on November 7, during combat service. "Vigilant" was displayed in the first line and declared by the fleet "an excellent ship." The triumph of the first year of the career of the lead "petrel" ended with a visit to the Polish port of Gdynia (October 5 - 9, 1971). This was his first foreign policy flag display mission.

October 26 "Vigilant" returned to Baltiysk. From that moment on, the 128th brigade could be considered the "cradle" of project 1135 patrol ships. Then all the "petrels" built at the Yantar plant passed through it. On Vigilant, the entire organization of operation, repair, combat training and use of the ship was worked out. Subsequently, all newly built units, immediately after being accepted into the Navy, acted according to a well-established scheme: completing a full-scale combat training course and, often, combat service.

It should be noted that in those years, at the height of the Cold War, the attitude of the state to the navy was very attentive. During all the tests, and sometimes even for a long time after them, representatives of science and industry were on the ship. The ship already handed over to the fleet was taken care of, helped the sailors, identified shortcomings and modernized various systems and devices. Any technical problem that arose was solved jointly. The sailors knew that the country and the people needed them, and this, in turn, contributed to instilling in them a sense of patriotism and responsibility. Makarov's commandment "in the sea - at home" objectively became the norm.

For the development of new technology, the commander of the "Vigilant" G.M. Generalov was awarded the Order of the Red Star. Many officers, scientists, engineers and shipbuilders also received state awards and prizes.

In the combat unit, the Vigilant found itself in the thick of things: the 12th division was recently formed, which had the task of resisting American domination in the Baltic. The Soviet Navy for the first time began the practice of combat services on far away from their bases in order, if necessary, to prevent any attempt at a nuclear missile attack on the USSR by nuclear submarines of a potential enemy at the reach of their ballistic missiles. He arrived by the way.

Chronicle of the service of the TFR "Vigilant"

18.7 - 29.11.1972: military service in the Mediterranean Sea as part of the KUG-1, together with the military-industrial complex "Bodry". For the first time, a new tactic for searching for SSBNs with the latest ships was tested. Had three contacts with foreign submarines. They were part of the 5th OPESK of the USSR Navy. We made a business visit to the Yugoslav port of Dubrovnik together with the October Revolution cruiser.

March 28 - April 18, 1974: combat service in the North Sea as part of the 7th OPESK.

8.9 - 1.10.1974: military service in the North Sea.

10/5-9/1974: visit to Gdynia (Poland) together with the BOD "Strong" and the cruiser "Sverdlov" under the flag of the Commander of the DCBF.

14 - 24.4.1977: participation in the exercises "North-77".

6/28/1977: reclassified from BOD 2nd rank to TFR.

8/18/1977 - 2/2/1978: military service in the Mediterranean Sea as part of the 5th OPESK in the Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea. NATO reconnaissance, search for SSBNs. Twice (12/17 - 12/22/1977 and 12/25/1977-14/1/1978) visited Havana.

28.6 - 7.8.1978: participation in the exercises "Baltika-78".

1-6.9.1978: official visit to Denmark under the flag of Vice Admiral I.M. Kapitants, Deputy Commander of the DCBF.

2-6/10/1978: tracking NATO naval forces in the Baltic Sea.

3-10.10.1979: official friendly visit to Warnemünde (GDR).

18.4-27.6.1980: combat service as part of the 5th OPESK in the Mediterranean Sea. Call at the Algerian port of Annaba (11 - 17.6.1980), exercises "Atlantika-80".

27.9-1.10.1980: secret passage from the Baltic straits to the Norwegian Sea during the operation to protect and defend the TAVKR "Kyiv" and the BOD "Glorious".

15.4 - 11.5.1981: official friendly visit to Havana and Cienfuegos (Cuba). Participation in the exercises "Giron-20" together with the Cuban Navy from 25 to 27.4.1981.

25.5 - 25.7.1982: military service in the Mediterranean Sea as part of the 5th OPESK. Business call to Annaba (Algiers, June 22 - 29), escort of submarine K-503 through the Strait of Gibraltar.

24.7-1.8.1983: escort TAVKR "Kyiv" from the Mediterranean to the Baltic.

February 12, 1984-January 25, 1986: repair and modernization at the Yantar Shipyard.

24/04/1986: going to sea under the flag of Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Warsaw Treaty Allied Forces, Admiral N.I. Khovrin.

1 - 28.6.1987: exercises OBESK-78, calling at Rostock (GDR) and Gdynia (Poland). The prize of the Commander of the Baltic Fleet was won.

12 - 24.7.1988: official friendly visit to Szczecin (Poland).

26.8-10.9.1988: participation in tactical exercises under the leadership of the commander of the DCBF, Vice Admiral V.P. Ivanov.

December 20 - 27, 1988: escort of the Kalinin aircraft carrier from the Baltic to the Northern Fleet.

18.5-3.6.1989: exercises OBESK-89.

10/6-10/1989: official visit to Rostock (GDR) under the flag of Vice-Admiral V.P. Ivanov, commander of the DCBF.

15.1 - 15.7.1990: military service in the central and southeastern Atlantic.

6 - 25.6.1991: official visit to Antwerp (Belgium) with Vice-Admiral V.P. Ivanov, commander of the Baltic Fleet, on board.

5.11-26.12.1991: combat service in the North Atlantic and escort of the Admiral Kuznetsov TAVKR from Gibraltar to 64 ° N

June 1993: NATO maneuvers in the BalticBALTOPS-93". This was the first ever joint naval exercise between NATO and Russia, and participation in it was Vigilant's last campaign.

In 1993, young replenishment did not arrive at the TFR. The number of the crew was reduced, which caused a sharp drop in the combat capability of the ship. "Vigilant" was slowly "dying" and on July 31, 1996 was expelled from the Navy. Attempts to keep the lead Burevestnik as a floating museum were unsuccessful.

Ship commanders: G.M. Generalov (1970-1973), V.G. Bulavchik (1973-1976), N.N. Novozhilov (1976-1978), L.N. Suzy (1982-1986), V.Yu. Sedan (1986-1989), I.V. Beloglazoe (1989-1990), A.V. Egorov (1990-1994), P.V. ), V.A. Sovran (1995-1996).

The list of commanders of the Vigilant TFR is completed by Captain 2nd Rank Ermolaev (1996). He had to bear the heavy burden of the "burial" of the ship - the decommissioning of equipment and equipment, the disposal of the hull. Alas, this process was not without trouble. A lack of equipment was revealed, and the commander had to pay for the flaws of his predecessors.

Armament

Missile weapons

1x4 - PU PLRK URPK-4 "Metel";
2x2 - PU SAM 4K33 "Osa-M".

Artillery armament

2x2 - 76 mm gun AK-726;
2x1 - 45mm/69 guns 21KM.

Mine and torpedo armament

2 × 12 - RBU -6000 "Smerch-2";
2 × 4 - 533 mm TA ChTA-53-1135;
10-18 mine barriers.

Radio equipment

Radar MR-310A "Angara-A";
NRS "Volga";
SOKS MI-110R, MI-110K;
GAK MGS-400K, MG-332 "Titan-2", MG-325 "Vega";
EW MP-401S "Start-S", PK-16 (4 launchers KL-101);
BIUS "Requirement-M".

Ships of the same type

"Fierce", "Strong", etc. - 21 units in total.

Vigilant- patrol ship of the Navy of the USSR and the Navy of the Russian Federation of project 1135. On July 21, 1968, it was laid down on the slipway of the Baltic Shipyard "Yantar" in Kaliningrad and on December 20, 1968 it was included in the lists of ships of the Navy, launched on March 28, 1970, commissioned on December 31, 1970 and included in the DCBF on February 20, 1971. 14.6-29.7.1972, while in the war zone while on military service in the Mediterranean, carried out the task of assisting the armed forces of Egypt and Syria. 5 - 9.10.1973 and 20 - 24.7.1974 paid visits to Gdynia (Poland), 4-9.1.1979 and 5 - 9.10.1989 - to Rostock (GDR), 19-27.7.1980 - to Szczecin (Poland), 15 -21.4.1981 - to Havana (Cuba) and 15-20.6.1991 - to Amsterdam (Netherlands). In 1987 he won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for anti-submarine training (as part of the KPUG), and in 1988 - the prize of the Navy Civil Code for anti-aircraft training (as part of the KUG). In June 1993, he participated in the exercises of NATO countries in the Baltic Sea. 26.7.1992 replaced naval ensign USSR on Andreevsky. On July 31, 1996, he was excluded from the Navy in connection with the surrender to SARS for disarmament, dismantling and sale. On July 1, 1997, it was disbanded and at the end of 1997 was sold to a company from the Virgin Islands for cutting into metal.

Prehistory

Patrol ships of the "Vigilant" type (or "petrels", as they are also called by the code name of the project) occupy a special place in the history of the Russian fleet. Strikingly different from their predecessors not only in their swift and graceful silhouette, but also in fundamentally different weapons systems and means of detection, advanced power engineering and a high level of automation, these ships, milestone in their class, brought long-range anti-submarine defense to a qualitatively new level. In general, a successful design provided them with a long active service in all maritime and ocean theaters.

A Brief History of the Development of Project 1135 Burevestnik Patrol Ships

The construction of the ships of the series was carried out on 3 shipyards(Shipyard named after A.A. Zhdanov (Leningrad); Shipyard "Yantar" (Kaliningrad); Shipyard "Zaliv" (Kerch)) in three main modifications - projects 1135 (21 units, 1968-1981), 1135M (11 units. , 1973-1981) and 1135.1 (in the version of the border guard ship, 7 units, 1981-1990), differing in displacement and armament.

Project 1135 "Petrel" arose, as it were, at the crossroads of two directions in the evolution of anti-submarine ships of our fleet - small (projects 159 and 35) and large (project 61). At that time, the Soviet Navy went out into the world's oceans, and its main task was considered to be the fight against nuclear submarines of a potential enemy. It was then that the first anti-submarine ships of the oceanic zone were created - project 1123 helicopter carrier cruisers, BOD 1 rank projects 1134A and 1134B, BOD 2 rank project 61, which showed their best side. But their high cost forced the leadership of the fleet to supplement the arsenal of anti-submarine forces with smaller displacement and less expensive ships of the near zone, capable of operating in remote areas of the ocean along with cruisers and BODs.

The tactical and technical assignment (TTZ) for the development of the project "1135 Burevestnik" was issued by the fleet in 1964. The main purpose of a patrol ship is "long-term patrols in order to search for and destroy enemy submarines and guard ships and vessels at sea crossings." For the first time on ships of this class it was supposed to place an automated combat information post (BIP), a prototype of future combat information and control systems (CICS); on the lead ship, even the staff of an officer-computer was opened. In general, the ship, both in size and in capabilities, has outgrown its "classmates" so much that it was reclassified into BOD on June 28, 1977 already at the design stage. These ships were reclassified from large anti-submarine rank II to patrol ships.

Status as of 2007. Project 1135 ships were widely used in all fleets as the main warship of the sea zone. They were distributed among the fleets as follows: 7 - in the Baltic, 5 - in the North, 4 - in the Pacific Ocean and 5 - in the Black Sea (one was subsequently transferred to the Baltic Fleet).

Forerunners

A new step in the development and formation of large anti-submarine ships, oriented to combat not only multi-purpose submarines, but also to search for and destroy nuclear missile submarines strategic purpose, ships of project 1134-A appeared. The lead ship Kronstadt, built at the Severnaya Verf plant in Leningrad, entered service in 1969.

The P-35 strike missile system, which was included in the project, was replaced by the Metel guided missile weapon system. The anti-submarine complex "Metel" consisted of two quadruple non-guided launchers with 8 missiles. In addition to this, the ship housed two RBU-6000 12-barrel rocket launchers, two RBU-1000 rocket launchers and two five-tube 533 mm torpedo tubes.

At the same time, anti-aircraft missile weapons were strengthened< установки комплекса «Шторм» в составе 2 спаренных наводящих пусковых установок (боекомплект 96 ракет). Кроме этого, на корабле предусматривались два спаренных 57-мм автомата АК-725 (позднее дополнительно были установлены 430-мм автомата АК-630).

For the storage of the helicopter, a stationary hangar was provided, partially located in the hull and equipped with a lifting device. The placement on the ship of the Metel anti-submarine missile system, the Titan-2 sonar system, in the presence of a permanent helicopter base, significantly increased the combat potential of the ship in the fight against submarines.

To detect air and surface targets, two radar stations were installed on the ship: the Voskhod radar and the Angara-A radar. Automated weapon control was carried out using the combat information and control system BIUS "Root". The normal displacement of the ship was 6400 tons, total displacement - 7800 tons, length - 158.5 m, width - 16.9 m, draft - 7.8 m, full speed - 34 knots, cruising range at economic speed - 10,500 miles. Crew - 360 people.

In total, 9 ships were built according to project -A, which received the following names: "Admiral Isakov", "Admiral Nakhimov", "Admiral Makarov", "Khabarovsk", "Admiral Oktyabrsky", "Admiral Isachenkov", "Marshal Timoshenko" , "Vasily Chapaev", "Admiral Yumashev".

In the future, in connection with the urgent need to build up anti-submarine warfare forces, it was decided to build anti-submarine surface ships with an enhanced armament. The project of the new ship was developed by the Northern Design Bureau in Leningrad and received the name 1134-B. The lead ship "Nikolaev" was accepted into the fleet in September 1971. Large anti-submarine ship project 1134-B was intended for operations as part of search and strike groups to search for and destroy nuclear missile submarines in remote areas of the ocean.

Osa complex

A distinctive feature of the ship in comparison with the project 1134-A was: strengthening of anti-aircraft weapons by increasing the stock of missiles for additional placement of two launchers (40 missiles), replacing two twin 57-mm AK-725 gun mounts with two twin 76-mm AK gun mounts -726; strengthening of hydroacoustic weapons through the additional adoption of the towed station "Vega"; installation of a combat information and control system (CICS) "Alley".

On the Azov BOD, the Fort air defense system (24 missiles) was installed instead of one aft missile launcher of the Storm air defense system. The large anti-submarine ship of project 1134-B had a normal displacement of 8,000 tons, a gross displacement of 9,700 tons, a length of 173.2 m, a width of 18.6 m, a draft of 6.7 m, a full speed of 34 knots, and a cruising range economic nodal course - 9000 miles, autonomy - 30 days. Crew - 340 people, including 43 officers.

In total, 7 ships were built according to project 1134-B, which received the following names: "Nikolaev", "Ochakov", "Kerch", "Azov", "Petropavlovsk", "Tashkent" and "Tallinn".

Design description

Foma of the nasal tip is bulbous. This helps to reduce wave formation and water resistance to the movement of the vessel. The nose is clipper. This form gives a more rapid shape and reduces deck flooding. The shape of the stern end is transom.

Main premises

The main premises are located in the superstructure on the forecastle, consisting of three parts; In the first and largest on the lower tier are the cabins of the commander and his deputy, the flagship, as well as a spacious wardroom with a pantry. A tier above - the main command post (GKP), navigation and navigational cabins, air defense, anti-aircraft defense, BIP posts. In the second part, the aggregate premises of the Turel fire control station and the Osa air defense system are concentrated.

The third unites the pipe and the premises of the aft air defense system. Service and living quarters are located on the main deck under the forecastle. Here are the cabins of officers and midshipmen, a galley and a sailor's canteen. A through corridor runs along the main deck from the poop to the bow, bifurcating around the SAM shafts. In the aft part there is a room for the BUGAS "Vega" with the original lifting and lowering device POUKB-1. This development of the Zelenodolsk Design Bureau provides opening and closing of the transom cover, immersion in water, towing, lifting and installation of the body of the towed GAS on the move of the ship for at least 9 nodes.

The post of energy and survivability (PEZH) is located below the main deck in the forward engine room on the starboard side, as if "back to front". This creates some inconvenience: young sailors often confuse the board. Emergency control post (PUA) - in the aft engine room. Initially, all ships had an external ladder to the forecastle, but in the 80s. After several cases of sailors falling, the ladders on the Baltic TFRs were dismantled.

The spar is represented by one foremast of an openwork design with a lattice yardarm and a topmast strongly pulled aft, also openwork. Here are placed antennas of radio engineering devices and communications, running antenna of the "Angara" radar with two parabolic reflectors. It should be noted that the spar is in good harmony with the graceful silhouette of the ship and gives it swiftness and lightness.

Design features of the ship

Architecturally, the hull of the project 1135 ship was distinguished by an elongated forecastle, rounded contours, a clipper stem, a large collapse of the frames at the bow, a flat low stern and a construction trim on the bow. The set of the hull is mixed. A characteristic feature of the contours is the small angles of the waterlines. Technologically, a feature of the new ship was the use of non-traditional structural materials - AMG aluminum alloys for all superstructures, a chimney and a mast, as well as titanium for complex-shaped fairings for the under-keel and towed hydroacoustic stations

The body is made of steel grade MK-35.

Deck superstructures and internal bulkheads of the premises are made of aluminum-magnesium alloy AMG-61. To avoid corrosion from the occurrence of galvanic couples, the connection of light baffles with a steel body was provided on bimetallic inserts instead of riveted joints. The superstructure of the main type is located on the forecastle and consists of three separate parts.

In front of the first part of the superstructure, the compartments of the RBU and the Osa air defense system adjoin.

13 steel bulkheads divide the ship into 14 watertight compartments.

Ship devices

Rescue equipment - 20 inflatable emergency rafts PSN-10. They are regularly located on the superstructure and can receive the entire personnel of the ship. This innovation made it possible to replace the rigid metal rafts used earlier. In addition, there is a yal-6 boat and a diesel boat.

Power plant (SPP)

Characteristics of the main engine

The SKR project 1135 gas turbine power plant includes two M7K units, each of which consists of one DO63 propulsion gas turbine and one DK59 afterburner. Marching engines with a capacity of 6000 liters. with. mounted on suspended platforms. Afterburners with a capacity of 18,000 liters. with. are connected to the shaft lines through tire-pneumatic couplings. All turbines have a gas reverse. An innovation was the sustainer gear attachment, which allows both sustainer engines to work on both shafts, and each engine separately. This improved the efficiency of the power plant by 25%.

Turbine start-up time from a cold state is no more than three minutes. The total supply of fuel is 450 - 550 tons, but it is possible to take it in excess of the norm for overload. Fuel consumption per mile at technical and economic speed (14 knots) - 100 kg, at operational economic (17 knots) - 143 kg, at full speed (32.2 knots) - 390 kg. On average, daily fuel consumption on a cruise is about 25 tons. The cruising range at full speed is 1290 miles, operational and economic - 3550 miles, technical and economic - 5000 miles. Service life of gas turbines D063 - 12 years, DK59 - 25 years; resource before overhaul - 20,000 hours.

Placement of gas turbine units - in pairs, in two adjacent compartments. The gas ducts are led into one pipe. The air intakes are located in the aft part of the superstructure. GEM control - remote.

When designing the Burevestnik, special attention was paid to reducing the physical fields of the ship and the level of interference with the operation of the GAS. Research in this direction was carried out jointly by the Northern Design Bureau and the Central Research Institute named after A.N. Krylov. According to their results, at "eleven-thirty-fifths" two-stage depreciation of the main mechanisms, vibration-damping coatings were applied, the Veil bubble cloud system was installed. As a result, the Project 1135 TFRs had a very low acoustic field level for their time and were the quietest surface ships of the Soviet Navy.

Shafting and propulsion

A ship's device is called a propulsion device, which, using the work of the engine, creates a stop in the water - a force capable of moving the ship in a given direction.

Vessels of the Burevestnik type are propelled by propellers - four-blade, low-noise, variable pitch, with a fairing. The weight of each is 7650 kg, diameter is 3.5 m. The number of revolutions of the propeller shaft is 320 rpm. In the 80s, new five-bladed propellers were installed on the Baltic ships, but this did not improve performance. In the end, the old four-blade ones were returned.

Ship electrical power systems

Initially, the ship's power plant consists of five DGAS-500/1MSh diesel generators with a capacity of 500 kW each. There were also three MXM-180 refrigerators. Later they were replaced. As a result, the ship's electric power system includes two power plants with a capacity of 1600 kW each, each of which includes two diesel generators with a capacity of 800 kW each, two transformers with a voltage of 380/220 V, one main switchboard and one control panel for the automated control system of the electric power system of the ship "Angara-11356". The Angara-11356 control system is a new development based on a modern element base, which was tested on the lead ship.

The electric power system of a project 11356 ship has a number of advantages in comparison with systems of ships of the project 1135 type: - the presence of two 380 V jumpers between power plants instead of one, which increases the reliability and survivability of the system; - introduction of a standardized voltage of 220 V instead of 127 V into the lighting network; - the presence of two power boards from the shore, instead of one; - application of a new modern microprocessor control system "Angara-11356".

In addition, the ship has new types of automatic switches, new types of electric motors and other modern electrical equipment. In terms of technical level, structure, power quality and some other parameters, the ship's electrical power system is identical to the electrical systems of modern foreign ships of the Bremen, Norfolk and other types.

Armament

Anti-submarine weapons

The main weapon of the TFR project 1135 is the URPK-4 Metel anti-submarine guided missile system with the Muson autonomous control system. The complex consists of a solid-propellant remote-controlled missile 85R with a warhead - a homing anti-submarine torpedo, launchers, a ship's guidance system and pre-launch automation. The developers of the complex are the Design Bureau "Rainbow" (Dubna, chief designer A.Ya. Bereznyak) and All-Russian Research Institute "Altair" (chief designer G.N. Volgin).

KT-106 launchers have four containers and are guided in a horizontal plane, which allows you to attack without additional maneuvering. The URPK-4 is fired with two-rocket volleys or single rocket torpedoes according to the data of its own GAS and external sources of target designation - ships, helicopters or sonar buoys at ranges from 6 to 50 km. The control system allows you to adjust the missile's flight path depending on the change in the current acoustic bearing to the target.

The homing torpedo AT-2UM is used as the warhead of the 85R rocket (developer - Scientific Research Institute "Gidropribor", chief designer V.S. Osipov). At the command of the ship's control system, the torpedo at the estimated location of the submarine is separated from the missile and splashed down on a parachute, then goes deep, conducts a circulation search with a homing system and hits the target. The diving depth of the AT-2UM torpedo is 400 m. The speed in the search mode is 23 knots, in the guidance mode - 40 knots. Range - 8 km. The response radius of the active-passive torpedo homing system is 1000 m, the mass of the explosive charge is 100 kg.

A further development of the URPK-4 was the URPK-5 "Rastrub" complex with an 85RU rocket-torpedo capable of hitting not only underwater, but also surface targets (they tried to compensate for the lack of anti-ship missiles on the petrels). In this case, target designation can come from all radar stations of the ship. The warhead of the missile torpedo - the UMGT torpedo - compared to the AT-2UM has a higher speed and response radius of the SSN. The creation of the anti-submarine complex "Metel" forced the Americans to urgently work out techniques for evading attacks. In their opinion, the most effective methods there was a departure to a depth close to the limit (which could cause the destruction of the torpedo), or a sharp ascent by emergency blowing of all the CGBs simultaneously with giving full speed. This is how the "dolphin jump" now known from American films appeared - the rapid "jumping" of a submarine to the surface.

In addition to the URPK complex, the petrels received two RBU-6000 Smerch-2 rocket launchers each. This weapon, widely used in our fleet, developed by the Moscow ITT MOP (chief designer V.A. Mastalygin), was put into service in 1961. RBU-6000 is a stationary two-plane homing launcher with twelve barrels. The stock of RSL-60 depth charges is located under the launcher in the cellar. The stack of barrels is loaded using a remotely controlled device, into which bombs from the cellar are fed by a special lift. After loading the last barrel, the RBU automatically switches to the guidance mode, and after all the bombs are used up, it goes back to the loading mode: the stack of barrels is lowered at an angle of 90 ° and turns around to load the next barrel along the heading angle.

Anti-aircraft weapons

The Osa short-range anti-aircraft missile systems for the ground army and the Osa-M for the Navy were created in accordance with the decree of the USSR Council of Ministers of September 27, 1960. The development was carried out at NII-20 GKRE (Chief Designer V.P. Efremov) according to a single TTZ and without significant differences. Both modifications of the air defense system use the same 9MZZ missile.

In addition to the launcher, the complex includes means for tracking targets, sighting missiles and issuing commands, as well as a detection radar. The detection range of a target flying at an altitude of 3.5 - 4 km is about 25 km, at high altitudes - up to 50 km. It is also possible to receive target designation from a shipborne air surveillance radar. The coordinates of the identified target are sent to the tracking system for pointing the antenna post along the bearing and additional search in elevation. The combination of detection and capture modes reduces the reaction time of the complex by 6 - 8 s.

When firing, after leaving the rails, the missiles are in an uncontrolled automatic flight mode until they are captured by the missile sighting station. Further, targeting is carried out using the command control method according to one of the options: "three-ton" or "half straightening" for air targets, "three-point in NLC mode" for low-flying targets and the "phi" method for surface targets. When the rocket approaches the target, a command is given to cock the radio fuse and remove the last stage of the fuse. On this command, the radio fuse begins to emit radio pulses. At a certain level of signals reflected from the target, the warhead is undermined. The maximum operating radius is 15 m. In case of a miss, a command is given to turn off the radio fuse. The missile is brought to the water level and self-destructs by detonating the warhead from the clockwork or is destroyed when it hits the water.

Rocket 9MZZ - single-stage, with a dual-mode solid-propellant engine. The starting charge is telescopic, the marching charge is single-channel. The rocket is arranged according to the "duck" aerodynamic scheme, that is, it has rudders in the bow. Four wings are structurally combined into a wing block; the latter is mounted movably relative to the housing and can rotate freely. The launcher of the Osa-M complex - ZIF-122 - in the stowed position is retracted below deck into the cellar, which also contains ammunition. Guide beams in the lowered state are located vertically. Missiles are placed on four reels with five pieces on each. When switching to a combat position, the lifting part of the launcher rises along with two missiles. After the launch of the first missile, the drum rotates, providing access to the loading line of the next missile, and after the launch of the second, the launch beams automatically become vertical, turn to the nearest pair of drums, and the lifting part of the launcher is lowered for the next pair of missiles. Installation reload time - 16 - 21 s, rate of fire - 2 shots. / min for air targets, 2.8 - for surface targets. Time to transfer fire to another target - 12 s. Weight PU without ammunition - 6850 kg.

The Osa-M air defense system with serial numbers 4 and 5 was installed on Vigilant. In 1973, an improved version of the Osa-M2 air defense system was put into service, and in 1979 - Osa-MA. In the latter, the minimum engagement height decreased from 60 to 25 m. In the first half of the 80s, the complexes were modernized in order to increase the effectiveness of the fight against low-flying anti-ship missiles. The upgraded Osa-MA-2 air defense system could hit targets at altitudes from 5 m.

Artillery

The artillery armament of the TFR project 1135 is the AK-726-MR-105 artillery system, consisting of two 76.2-mm twin AK-726 automated gun mounts and the MP-105 fire control system. The towers are easily armored. Cooling barrels - outboard water in between firing. The supply of ammunition to the receivers of the guns is carried out from the turret compartment by feed elevators separately for each machine gun. In clips - two cartridges; they are fed into the turret compartment onto the gun mount racks manually from the ship's artillery cellars through the windows in the fixed deck barbette (during breaks between firing). The control of the guidance mechanisms is remote from the MP-105 fire control devices or manual. Starting from the 22nd ship of the series, instead of the AK-726-MR-105 complex, the AK-YuO-MR-145 was installed from two 100-mm AK-100 single-gun artillery mounts and the MP-145 fire control system. The latter includes a dual-band target tracking radar, a TV, a laser range finder, equipment for selecting moving targets and jamming. It provides reception of target designations from general ship detection means; accurate measurement of the movement parameters of air, coastal and sea targets; development of guidance angles for two gun mounts; correction of shooting at a sea target by bursts; automatic tracking of an artillery shell. Instrumental range - 75 km. The weight of the system is 8 tons. The casing of the AK-100 gun mount is lightly armored, the barrels are cooled with water. The turret space is sealed with polyurethane foam. The ammunition load includes projectiles for destroying air, sea and coastal targets, as well as in an inert version (without an explosive charge).

TTX artillery systems

TTX RBU-6000 "Smerch"

RBU 6000 SMERCH

Mine and torpedo weapons

All "petrels" are equipped with two 533-mm four-tube torpedo tubes ChTA-53-1135. The types of torpedoes used are SET-65 or 53-65K. In the aft part of the deck there are mine rails on which you can take 16 min IGDM-500, 12 KSM or 14 CRAB.

Onboard navigation equipment

Navigational equipment consists of a Kurs-5 or Kurs-10 gyrocompass, an NEL-M2 Mologa echo sounder, an ARP-50 or Rumb radio direction finder, a hydrodynamic (MGL-50) or induction (IEL-1) log, autoplotter AP-4, ship's wind gauge KIV-55, co-navigation system "Ogon-50".

Means of external and internal communication and signaling

The radio equipment installed on the ships ensures reliable communication with the shore from any point of the World Ocean in all ranges. It is represented by R-653 "Pike" (SV), R-654 "Okun" (HF) transmitters, R-678 "Cowberry" (HF) radio receivers with terminal devices, R-619 "Graphite" VHF radio stations providing hearing telephone, telegraphic, direct-printing and ultra-high-speed communication in open and secret mode. The receiving radio center is located in the superstructure; transmitting communication post - on the main deck. In addition, the ship has army radio stations with autonomous power sources R-143 and R-109 (or R-105), as well as radio stations for the navigator "Raid". Antenna devices include short-wave whip antennas of the AR-6, AR-10 type, VHF antennas and the Luch inclined antenna. Initially, the original R-622 "Kit" directional radio stations were installed to communicate with coastal observation posts, but they did not take root and were dismantled. For visual communication, small and large signal spotlights, signal and gate lights, as well as a set of flags are used.

Means of detection

The main means of detecting submarines are the Titan and Vega hydroacoustic stations. The MG-332 "Titan" underwater lighting sonar, which had a lamp generator, was installed only on the lead "Vigilant", the improved "Titan-2" or "Titan-2T" with semiconductor-based generators were mounted on serial ships. All modifications of the GAS have approximately the same parameters and serve to detect and determine the coordinates of submarines, as well as issue data to anti-submarine weapon control posts. The station's bow pod antenna operates at a frequency of 18 kHz in circular and sector modes; its radiating power is up to 100 kW. The GAS posts are located in the 4th compartment, the antenna baffle is filled with fresh water (45 tons). Submarine detection range - up to 20 km (with favorable hydrology), mines or torpedoes - 2 - 3 km. The towed sonar MG-325 "Vega" was created specifically to search for enemy submarines under adverse hydroacoustic conditions (under the layer of a sound velocity jump). It provides detection of submarines at a distance of up to 15 km.

In addition, the "petrels" were equipped with sonar stations for special purposes. The descending helicopter sonar MG-329 "Oka" is installed only on ships of project 1135M. It serves to listen to the space in the noise direction finding mode. It is used only on the "foot" and is lowered overboard from the room on the starboard side. GAS MG-7 is designed to search for divers in anchor mode. The ship has two sets of such stations - bow and stern. Their antennas are stored on the upper deck, and in the parking lot they are lowered on a cable-cable into the water; at the same time, a watch is opened for monitoring the underwater situation and combating underwater saboteurs.

The MG-26 "Khosta" (MG-35 "Shtil") sonar of underwater communication provides identification from submarines and communication with them in a submerged position in telegraph and telephone modes.

Finally, there is an MGS-407k station for working with deployed sonar buoys and KMG-12 "Kassandra" classification equipment, which accumulates and registers acoustic signals. In the forepeak of the ships there was a novelty - a non-acoustic submarine detection station along the wake of the MI-110. However, the effectiveness of its work was low, and therefore it was used little.

The basis of the Burevestniki's radar equipment, the MR-310 Angara long-range detection station for surface and air targets, operates in the 10 cm range and has a range of up to 200 km. The MR-105 Turel radar is used to control artillery fire on Project 1135 ships. Its operating range is 3 cm, target tracking range is up to 30 km.

On the ships of project 1135M, the station MP-145 "Lev" was installed - a further development of the MP-105 with improved parameters and an element base. The stations "Don", "Volga", then "Vaigach" were installed as navigation radars. The most common model is the Volga. It operates in the 3cm range and has a range of 60 miles.

To ensure the tasks of navigation, the electronic computing device MP-226 "Pobratim" is also used. The "friend or foe" identification system "Silicon" with additional equipment "Nickel" and "Chrome" was interfaced with the detection radar and had general and individual identification modes. In 1985, it was replaced by the "Password" system.

All information from the radar and sonar is sent to the surface and air situation tablets of the combat information post (BIP), which significantly reduces the reaction time in the event of a threat to the ship from the enemy.

Electronic warfare equipment (EW) includes the MP-401S Start-S jamming station, the PK-16 system, inflatable corner reflectors and hydroacoustic countermeasures. PK-16 is a system for setting false misinforming, distracting and diverting targets in the far zone. Its basis is four sets of KL-101 launchers from 16 guides of 82 mm caliber. Ammunition - 128 unguided turbojet projectiles. The launcher is guided only in the vertical plane and exhibits passive interference at ranges up to 3500 m. In the 80s, modernized ships were equipped with the PK-10 electronic warfare system, designed to set false targets that disrupt optical and radar homing channels in the near zone (about 1500 m). It includes PU KL-121.

space navigation

Satellite systems for determining coordinates (low-orbit SCH-1 and medium-orbit GLONAS-OR5), means of correcting the position of the ship "Cicada", "Cicada-M", BRIZ, BRIZ-K, BRASS MARS-75.

Video

Used literature and websites

1) Marine collection No. 6 of 2001, I. Seleznev.
2) The device of the ship E.G. Fried.
3) https://www.atrinaflot. narod.ru/2_mainclassships/06_skr_1135/0_1135_2. htm
5) https://army. lv/? id=462&s=713

Literature

S. S. Berezhnoy Patrol ships of the Navy of the USSR and Russia 1945-2000. - Moscow: Model designer, 1996. - 32 p. - (Marine collection No. 6 / 2000).

Project 1135 patrol ships.

Patrol ships of project 1135 (code "Petrel", NATO code - Krivak I, II, III). The lead ship is the Vigilant. Until 1977 they were classified as large anti-submarine ships.

Patrol ship Vigilant.

Patrol Ship Vigilant- Built according to project 1135. Launched on March 28, 1970. and entered service on December 31, 1970, and already on February 20, 1971. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). June to July 1972 performed the task of assisting the armed forces of Egypt and Syria. In June 1993 participated in the NATO exercises "Baltops-93". In 1992 Andreevsky Naval flag was raised on the ship.Board numbers: 500(1970), 509(1974), 502(1974), 520(1974), 205(1975), 512, 515, 250(1977), 700(1978), 719(1982), 744(1983) ), 713(1987), 744(1989), 707(1991).Decommissioned: 1996

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Patrol ship Impeccable.

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Patrol ship Selfless.

Patrol ship Selfless- Built according to project 1135. Launched on May 07, 1977. and entered service on December 30, 1977. and already February 17, 1978. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet(KChF). In 1988 displaced, together with SKR-6, the missile cruiser "Yorktown" and the destroyer "Caron" of the US Navy that entered the territorial waters of the USSR off the coast of Crimea. Board numbers: 195, 192(1978), 805(1978), 878(1978), 811(1981), 817(1984), 807(1997). August 1, 1997 transferred to the Ukrainian Navy and renamed "Dnepropetrovsk" (U134).

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Patrol ship Cheerful.

Patrol ship Bodry- Built according to project 1135. Launched on April 28, 1971 and entered service on December 31, 1971, and already on February 14, 1972 became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). From June to July 1972, he performed the task of assisting the armed forces of Egypt and Syria. October 31, 1974 He was awarded the pennant of the USSR Ministry of Defense "For courage and military prowess". On July 26, 199, he changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.Board numbers: 220(1970), 503(1971), 222(1972), 517, 508(1974), 204(1975), 513(1975), 505(1977), 514(1978), 788(1978), 705(1979), 724(1981), 704(1984), 722(1988), 710(1990).Decommissioned: 1997

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Patrol ship Active.

patrol ship- Built according to project 1135. Launched on April 5, 1975, and entered service on December 25, 1975, and already on February 19, 1976. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). Board numbers: 193, 192(1976), 533(1976), 196(1976), 800(1979), 801(1980), 810, 814(1984), 813(1986), 811(1992). Decommissioned: 1995

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Patrol ship Valiant.

Patrol Ship Valiant- Built according to project 1135. Launched on February 22, 1973, and entered service on December 28, 1973, and already on February 17, 1974. became part of the 10 BrPLK 2 DPLC of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). At the end of 1975 the ship was awarded the title of "excellent ship", and the ship's anti-submarine crew was declared the best at the KSF. In 1982 he was reassigned to the 130 BrPLK. July 26, 1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.Board numbers: 167(1974), 544(1976), 257(1977), 944(1978), 912, 983(1985), 949(1989).Decommissioned: 1992…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............

Patrol ship Worthy.

Patrol Ship Worthy- Built according to project 1135. Launched on May 8, 1971, and entered service on December 31, 1971. and already April 28, 1972. became part of the 10th BrPLK of the Red Banner Northern Fleet(KSF).In 1975 took part in the exercises "Ocean-75", and in 1977. in the exercises "North-77".In 1982 was reassigned to the 130 BrPLK. Next in1983 took part in the exercises "Ocean-83" and "Magistral-83". May 19 to May 24, 1984 as part of the KPUG, he took part in exercises with the ships of the united squadron of the countries participating in the Warsaw Pact "Squadron-84". July 26, 1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.Board numbers: 550(1973), 557(1975), 542(1976), 255(1976), 503(1979), 971(1983), 976, 944(1989), 978(1990).Decommissioned: 1993

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Patrol ship Zadorny.

Patrol ship Zadorny- Built according to project 1135. Launched on March 25, 1979, and entered service on August 31, 1979. and already on September 13, 1979. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). In 1981, he took part in the Avangard-81 exercise, and on July 5, 1981, he took part in the North-81 exercise and on September 19, 1983. - takes part in the exercise "Ocean-83". August 31, 1984 the ship was declared the best anti-submarine ship of the KSF. July 26, 1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. . In 1996 participates in the Victory Parade in the city of Hero of Murmansk and in the same year participates in the parade in the city of Arkhangelsk in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Navy. May 1997 participated in joint exercises with the frigate of the British Navy in the Barents Sea. In August 2001, participation in the exercise "Dervish-2001".Board numbers: 965, 909, 948 (1983), 937 (1985), 959 (1988), 955 (1998).Decommissioned: 2005

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Patrol ship Ladny.

Patrol ship Ladny- Built according to project 1135. Launched on May 07, 1980, commissioned on December 29, 1980. and already on January 25, 1981. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). In 1994 participated in joint exercises of NATO countries, and on May 8, 1995. - in the international naval parade dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War. July 27, 1997 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. In August 2008 the ship took part in the Active Endeavor anti-terrorist operation jointly with NATO countries, exercising control over shipping in the Suez Canal area. Currently, it is part of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation. Board numbers: 802, 815 (1981), 824 (1986), 801 (05.1990).

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Patrol ship Flying.

Patrol ship Flying- Built according to project 1135. Launched on March 19, 1978, and entered service on August 10, 1978, and already on September 20, 1978. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet(KTOF). July 26, 1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 510(1978), 845, 713(1980), 646(1980), 699(1981), 686(1983), 645(1990), 661(1996). Decommissioned: 2005

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Patrol ship Impulsive.

Patrol Ship Gusty- Built according to project 1135. Launched on May 16, 1981, and entered service on December 29, 1981, and already on February 9, 1982. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). In the period from September 18, 1983 to February 27, 1984, he made an inter-naval transition around Africa from Sevastopol to Vladivostok. July 26, 1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 859(1981), 806(1984), 628(1985), 641(1986), 626(1989), 670(1990), 618(1990). Decommissioned: 1994

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Patrol ship Ardent.

Patrol ship Ardent- Built according to project 1135. Launched on August 20, 1978. and entered service on December 28, 1978. and already on January 24, 1979. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF) and soon in the same year became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). After modernization, according to project 11352, in 1993. was returned to the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). 07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 518(1978), 806(1981), 810, 819, 813, 807(1982), 808(1984), 758(1985), 809(1987), 807(1988), 702(1993). Currently, it is part of the Baltic Fleet of the Russian Federation.

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Patrol ship Ferocious.

Guard ship Ferocious- Built according to project 1135. Launched on January 27, 1971, and entered service on December 29, 1972, and already on January 31, 1973. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). July 26, 1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 517(1974), 502(1975), 504, 507(1977), 715(1978), 742(1980), 758(1984), 725(1987), 719(1990). Decommissioned: 1993

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In 1975, a TFR of a new project appeared - 1135M. It was equipped with a 100-mm artillery mount and two 533-mm four-tube torpedo tubes. The lead ship is the Frisky.

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- Built according to project 1135M. Launched May 30, 1975. and entered service on December 30, 1975. and already February 19, 1976. became part of the 10th BrPLK of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). In 1981, he took part in the exercise "West-81" under the leadership of the Minister of Defense of the USSR. In 1984 participated in the Atlantic-84 exercise. In 1986 guarded the Dutch ship "Deepwater-2" during a deep-sea operation to raise gold bars from the British cruiser "Edinburgh" that died during the Second World War in the Barents Sea. A share of the USSR gold was delivered to Murmansk by ship. July 26, 1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. July 11, 1995 the ship as part of the OBK participated in the exercise "Kumzha-2". Board numbers: 210(1976), 212(1977), 958(1980), 916(1981), 942(1983), 930(1985), 210(1986), 930(1985), 970(1987), 952( 1991), 916(1996). Decommissioned: 2001

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- Built according to project 1135M. Launched April 11, 1978. and entered service on September 30, 1978. and already November 23, 1978. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). From 26 to 30 August 1991 participated in the escort of the Der-vish-91 convoy from the Kola Bay to Arkhangelsk, dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the start of the movement of allied convoys. 26.7.1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 794(1977), 926(1979), 916(1979), 757(1980), 935(1985), 962(1986), 968(1990). Decommissioned: 1998

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- Built according to project 1135M. Launched on 3 May 1979 and commissioned on 20 September 1979. and already October 17, 1979. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). July 26, 1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 777(1979), 758(1980), 621(1985), 643(1987), 670(1987), 641(03/16/1993). Decommissioned: 1994

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Built according to project 1135M. Launched on February 7, 1977. and entered service on September 30, 1977, and already on November 29, 1977. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). In 1978 made an inter-fleet transition from Baltiysk to the Black Sea, and in the next 1979. crossing around Africa from Sevastopol to Vladivostok. July 26, 1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 758(1980), 695(1982), 648(1987), 678(1990), 620(1990), 643(1991), 621(1994). Decommissioned: 1995

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- Built according to project 1135M. Launched on August 09, 1978, and entered service on December 26, 1978. and already February 09, 1979. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). On July 26, 1992, he changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 931(1981), 913(1983), 967(1989), 933(1990), 963(1995). Decommissioned: 1998

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Patrol ship Striking.

Patrol ship Striking- Built according to project 1135M. Launched on July 1, 1976, and entered service on December 31, 1976, and already on February 5, 1977. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). August 1, 1997 transferred to the Ukrainian Navy and renamed "Sevastopol". Board numbers: 235(1976), 232(1977), 249(1977), 165(1978), 808(1978), 812(1979), 806(1980), 804(1984), 821(1987), 807( 1989), 819(1990).

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Patrol ship Indomitable.

Patrol ship Invincible- Built according to project 1135M. Launched on September 7, 1977, and entered service on December 30, 1977, and already on February 17, 1978. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). November 2, 1987 renamed to "Komsomolets of Lithuania", and March 27, 1990. the ship was returned to its original name - "Indomitable" 26.7.1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 517(1977), 720(1978), 700(1981), 317(1982), 701(1982), 733(1984), 755, 741(1988), 731(1990). Decommissioned: 2009

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Patrol ship Inquisitive.

Guard ship Inquisitive- Built according to project 1135M. Launched on April 16, 1981, and entered service on October 30, 1981, and already on February 9, 1982. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). July 28, 1996 participated in the international maritime parade in St. Petersburg, dedicated to the 300th anniversary Russian fleet. July 27, 1997 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. Board numbers: 942(1981), 751(1981), 759, 888(1982), 826(1984), 889(1988), 808(1.05.1990). Currently, it is part of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation.

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