Rose Jan Janovich. Your heroes, Leningrad. Long miles of war
Born in 1919 in the village of Ryzhkovo, Omsk region. Before the call to Soviet Army worked as a part-time teacher high school State Farm "Partizan"
Sniper Jan Rose opened his combat account in the battles for the city of Yartsevo, Smolensk region. It was in those days when the Nazis were rushing into the depths of our country, towards Moscow. The 133rd Siberian Rifle Division, in which Jan Rose served, along with other Soviet units, defended in the Smolensk direction. The units occupied the Yartsevsky railway station and dug in at the embankment.
It was difficult for the infantry to hold back the enemy. Nazi machine guns fired heavily at the Soviet units. Especially annoyed by the enemy machine gun, hiding behind the railroad tracks.
Jan Rose volunteered to destroy it. In the midst of the battle, he slipped unnoticed through the railway tracks and, hiding, began to observe. I found that the German machine gunners had settled on top of randomly piled logs and fired from there. But how do you get them? Thick, knotty tree trunks covered the machine gun well.
Rosé has moved on. I saw the back of a Nazi, stretching out his hand in front of him, obviously showing where to direct the fire. A well-aimed sniper shot hit the target. The green figure plopped down between the logs. At the same second, a second machine gunner leaned over the dead. Yang foresaw this and laid down the enemy with another shot.
In the next moment, Rose saw another Nazi, trying to get to a safe place, clumsily rolled over the logs, dragging a machine gun behind him. At that moment, a well-aimed sniper bullet overtook him.
The soldiers of the unit went on the attack, pressed the Germans and significantly improved their positions.
Jan Rose wrote about this feat then the newspaper Western Front. A few days later, the same newspaper reported that the sniper Jan Rose in one battle exterminated eight Nazis, captured an enemy mortar and opened fire on the enemy from it. But the sniper himself was badly wounded. I had to stay in the hospital for a long time. After treatment, Jan Rose was appointed as a scout in the 123rd Latvian Rifle Division.
With a new position, Jan Rose did not have to get used to it for a long time. He immediately got involved in military affairs - he went in search, participated in ambushes, and got "tongues". A sharp eye and sniper skills were very useful to him in reconnaissance. His personal account of the destroyed fascists grew every day. Yang skillfully performed the most difficult combat missions.
The fighting was already on the outskirts of Riga. Behind the copse, where a narrow neutral strip of land stretched, on a small hillock stood an old, dilapidated and long abandoned church. It was not easy to get to it, since the church was under the constant control of the Nazi units. However, Jan Rose ventured into it. With a radio station on his back, he climbed under the very dome and clearly saw what was happening in enemy territory. Through binoculars, groups of soldiers, machine-gun and artillery positions, meanders of trenches and trenches were visible.
Yang transmitted all his observations to the command post of the division. From there, a team of artillerymen followed, who accurately covered the targets indicated by the reconnaissance.
Soon the Nazis, obviously, guessed that the fire was being adjusted from the church. Artillery fire began on her. During the shelling, Jan went down from the bell tower, took cover from the falling debris, and when the cannonade stopped, he went up again and looked for targets.
The Nazis tried several times in small groups to get to the church, but the guards specially organized by our command blocked their way each time.
And Jan Rose did not leave the church for five days, monitored the enemy position and corrected the fire of our artillerymen. The courage and bravery of the intelligence officer largely contributed to the successful actions of the division in defeating the enemy grouping on the outskirts of Riga.
A teacher by vocation, a modest person by nature, Jan Rose was fearless warrior at the front. The motherland highly appreciated his military exploits, awarding him the Orders of the Red Star, Orders of Glory of three degrees and many medals. He was honored to take part in the Victory Parade on Red Square in Moscow.
From the ranks of the Soviet Armed Forces, Jan Yanovich Rose was demobilized as an officer. Now he lives in Riga, works in the Department of Culture of the City Council of Workers' Deputies.
From the book: Soldier's Glory. Book 2. M., Military publishing house of the USSR Ministry of Defense, 1967.
Other materials
Rose Jan Yanovich. From the book: Cavaliers of the Order of Glory of three degrees. Brief biographical dictionary. M., Military publishing house, 2000
24.06.1919 - 2001
Guard Sergeant Jan Janovich Rose- commander of the platoon of foot reconnaissance of the 123rd Guards rifle regiment 43rd Guards Latvian Rifle Division of the 22nd Army of the 2nd Baltic Front; the only Latvian is a full cavalier of the Order of Glory. Member of the CPSU since 1954. Latvian.
Born on June 24, 1919 in the village of Ryzhkovo, now in the Krutinsky district of the Omsk region, into a peasant family. Graduated pedagogical institute. He worked as a teacher at a seven-year school.
In the Red Army since 1940. He graduated from the school of snipers and scouts. At the front in the Great Patriotic War since July 1941.
The commander of the foot reconnaissance platoon of the 123rd Guards Rifle Regiment (43rd Guards Latvian Rifle Division, 22nd Army, 2nd Baltic Front) Guard Sergeant Jan Rose on January 14, 1944 near the village of Timohovo, located 33 kilometers north -West of the city of Velikiye Luki, being in search, broke into an enemy trench, captured a non-commissioned officer and delivered him to the unit.
For courage and courage shown in battles, on January 18, 1944, Guards Sergeant Rose Jan Yanovich was awarded the Order of Glory 3rd degree (No. 15548).
Being behind enemy lines, August 3, 1944 in the area locality Stacks, located east of the city of Jekabpils (Latvia), guard sergeant Rose Ya.Ya. under artillery fire, he managed to get to the headquarters of the regiment and transmit the collected intelligence data.
For courage and courage shown in battles, on August 25, 1944, Guards Sergeant Rose Jan Yanovich was awarded the Order of Glory 2nd degree (No. 2920).
By August 1, 1944, the brave guardsman had several dozen destroyed Nazis and eight captured "languages" on his combat account. In the battles of August 2-25, 1944, Jan Rose participated in twelve reconnaissance operations.
On August 18, 1944, Guards Sergeant Rose entered into an unequal battle with a group of Nazis, killing four of them with machine gun fire.
On August 25, 1944, returning from reconnaissance, he carried four seriously wounded soldiers from the battlefield. During the reflection of enemy counterattacks in the area of \u200b\u200bthe settlement of Ozolmuiža (Latvia), a fearless guardsman exterminated more than ten enemy soldiers with automatic fire. With a group of scouts, he captured eight infantrymen.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 24, 1945, for the exemplary performance of command assignments in battles with the Nazi invaders, Sergeant Rose Jan Yanovich was awarded the Order of Glory 1st degree (No. 34), becoming a full holder of the Order of Glory.
In 1945, Mrs. Sergeant Major Rose Ya.Ya. demobilized. Participant of the Victory Parades in Moscow (since 1965 - the hero city) in 1945, 1985, 1990 and 1995.
Lived in the capital of Latvia - the city of Riga. He worked as the head of the Cinematography Department of the Riga City Executive Committee. Honored Worker of Culture of the Latvian SSR. Passed away in 2001. Buried in Riga.
He was awarded two Orders of the Patriotic War 1st class, Orders of the Red Star, Orders of Glory 1st, 2nd and 3rd class, medals.
The name of the only Latvian, Jan Yanovich Roze, full cavalier of the Order of Glory, is immortalized on the Monument of Glory to the Heroes in the city of Omsk, on the obelisk near the Eternal Flame in the city of Tyumen, and in the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War on Poklonnaya Hill in the hero city of Moscow.
Hour, 22.06. 2001 -
Yakubov Roza Abdullaevich. Divisional Commander (1938). Uzbek. Member of the CPSU(b) since August 1919.
Born in May 1898 in the village of Zemin-Guzar (near the city of Samarkand) in the family of a shoemaker. He studied at the Russian native school in Tashkent. Since 1912, he worked as an apprentice in a locksmith's shop in the city of Merv, in a mine as a trolley racer, at a cotton ginnery as an oiler and assistant driver. In July 1914 he was drafted into the army (to the rear). In 1915 he graduated from the training team and was sent to the Turkmen cavalry regiment. Member of the First World War. For military distinction, he was appointed head of the regiment's cavalry reconnaissance team and promoted to officer. The last rank and position in the old army is cornet, commander of fifty Turkmen cavalry regiment. After the demobilization of the old army, he returned to Tashkent and joined the ranks of the Red Guard.
In the Red Army since June 1918. Member civil war in Central Asia. During the war, he held the following positions: head of the machine-gun team of the Merv Red Guard detachment, head of the horse reconnaissance of the Tashkent training team, instructor of horse-sapper business of the 3rd artillery command courses. Participant in the defeat of the rebellion under the command of K. Osipov in January 1919 in Tashkent. From June 1920 to August 1922 - cadet of the 3rd artillery command courses (Tashkent). Member of the fight against Basmachi. In battles he was wounded.
After the Civil War, in responsible command positions in ground forces and the Red Army Air Force. In 1921-1922 - Head of communications of the CHON light battery, assistant battery commander and commander of the same battery, assistant commander of the CHON, commander of the battalion of the Tashkent fortress. From December 1923 - head of the United Central Asian Nationalities military school. In 1926 he graduated from KUVNAS at the Military Academy named after M.V. Frunze. From the certification for 1926 for R. A. Yakubov, signed by the commander of the troops of the Central Asian Military District K. A. Avksentevsky: “Comrade. Yakubov, who graduated from KUVNAS, significantly increased his theoretical training and political development. Nonetheless
insignificant baggage of organizational, administrative and, most importantly, pedagogical (which is very important for the head of the school) skills greatly affects his leadership educational work cadets. Volitional elements are also underdeveloped. The participation of Comrade Yakubov in the district military game and maneuvers also made it possible to identify weak points in his tactical training. However, Yakubov is Uzbek by nationality, and with some of his negative sides, he is still a more suitable head of the school for the Central Asian United national school impossible to find. With the constant vigilance of the leadership on the part of the command, which should lead to the elimination of a number of shortcomings, Comrade Yakubov should eventually develop into a good worker. On the political line - he is sustained, strives for the accumulation of knowledge, is quite worthy of one-man command. Since October 1927 - commander and military commissar of a separate Uzbek cavalry brigade. In August 1929, he was enrolled as a student of the 2nd year of the main faculty of the MV Frunze Military Academy. In 1931 he graduated from the academy and was appointed assistant commander of the 30th Irkutsk Rifle Division. In November of the same year, he was transferred to the Red Army Air Force, being appointed commander of the 35th air brigade. In 1932 he graduated from the advanced training courses for Air Force command staff at the Air Force Academy named after prof. N. E. Zhukovsky and was awarded the title of "military pilot-observer".
For some time he worked as the head of the Konotop airport. Then he commanded the 206th Light Bomber Brigade. From December 1933 - head and military commissar of the 2nd military-technical school of the Red Army Air Force (Volsk). In December 1936 he was appointed head of the Air Force of the Central Asian Military District.
Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan. Member of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the Uzbek SSR. Awarded with orders Red Banner (1933. Badge of the Order No. 63) and "Badge of Honor" (1936. Badge of the Order No. 2927), Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Uzbek SSR (1928).
Arrested on May 28, 1938. By a special meeting at the NKVD of the USSR on August 23, 1939, on charges of participating in a military conspiracy, he was sentenced to eight years in labor camp. He served his sentence in Sevzheldorlag and Siblag. Since April 1943, he worked in a special design bureau (special prison No. 1) in the city of Molotov (Perm) at plant No. 172 as a senior designer. The term served in full and May 28, 1946 was released. He lived in the city of Aleksandrov, Vladimir Region, and worked as a foreman in the repair and assembly department. A second arrest followed three years later (April 3, 1949). By the decision of the Special Meeting under the Ministry of State Security of the USSR of July 18, 1949, he was sent into exile in Krasnoyarsk region. By the definition of the Military Collegium of June 18, 1955, he was rehabilitated. Last years life - a personal pensioner. Retired Colonel R. A. Yakubov died in Moscow on April 23, 1957.
Cherushev N.S., Cherushev Yu.N. The shot elite of the Red Army (commanders of the 1st and 2nd ranks, commanders, divisional commanders and their equals). 1937-1941. Biographical Dictionary. M., 2012, p. 306-307.
A group of local historians from Sochi managed to reveal the secret of the unusual name of the Rosa Khutor ski resort, which will soon become the venue for the 2014 Winter Olympic Games tournaments. The search led researchers ... to Estonia.R Oze Yan Yanovich - squad leader of the foot reconnaissance platoon of the 123rd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 43rd Guards Latvian Rifle Division of the 22nd Army of the 2nd Baltic Front, Guards Sergeant; the only Latvian is a full cavalier of the Order of Glory.
Born on June 24, 1919 in the village of Ryzhkovo, now in the Krutinsky district of the Omsk region, into a peasant family. Latvian. Member of the CPSU since 1954. Graduated from the Pedagogical Institute. He worked as a teacher at a seven-year school.
In the Red Army since 1940. He graduated from the school of snipers and scouts. At the front in the Great Patriotic War since July 1941.
The commander of the foot reconnaissance platoon of the 123rd Guards Rifle Regiment (43rd Guards Latvian Rifle Division, 22nd Army, 2nd Baltic Front) Guard Sergeant Jan Rose on January 14, 1944 near the village of Timohovo, located 33 kilometers north -West of the city of Velikiye Luki, being in search, broke into an enemy trench, captured a non-commissioned officer and delivered him to the unit.
W and courage and courage shown in battles, on January 18, 1944, Guards Sergeant Rose Jan Yanovich was awarded the Order of Glory 3rd degree (No. 15548).
Being behind enemy lines, on August 3, 1944, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe settlement of Steki, located east of the city of Jekabpils (Latvia), Guard Sergeant Rose Ya.Ya. under artillery fire, he managed to get to the headquarters of the regiment and transmit the collected intelligence data.
W and courage and courage shown in battles, on August 25, 1944, Guards Sergeant Rose Jan Yanovich was awarded the Order of Glory 2nd degree (No. 2920).
By August 1, 1944, the brave guardsman had several dozen destroyed Nazis and eight captured "languages" on his combat account. In the battles of August 2-25, 1944, Jan Rose participated in twelve reconnaissance operations.
On August 18, 1944, Guards Sergeant Rose entered into an unequal battle with a group of Nazis, killing four of them with machine gun fire.
On August 25, 1944, returning from reconnaissance, he carried four seriously wounded soldiers from the battlefield. During the reflection of enemy counterattacks in the area of \u200b\u200bthe settlement of Ozolmuiža (Latvia), a fearless guardsman exterminated more than ten enemy soldiers with automatic fire. With a group of scouts, he captured eight infantrymen.
At By order of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on March 24, 1945, for the exemplary performance of command assignments in battles with the Nazi invaders, Sergeant Rose Jan Yanovich was awarded the Order of Glory 1st degree (No. 34), becoming a full holder of the Order of Glory.
In 1945, foreman Rose Ya.Ya. demobilized. Participant of the Victory Parades in Moscow (since 1965 - the hero city) in 1945, 1985, 1990 and 1995.
Lived in the capital of Latvia - the city of Riga. He worked as the head of the Cinematography Department of the Riga City Executive Committee. Honored Worker of Culture of the Latvian SSR. Died December 2, 2000. Buried in Riga.
He was awarded two Orders of the Patriotic War 1st class, Orders of the Red Star, Orders of Glory 1st, 2nd and 3rd class, medals.
The name of the only Latvian, Jan Yanovich Roze, full cavalier of the Order of Glory, is immortalized on the Monument of Glory to the Heroes in the city of Omsk, on the obelisk near the Eternal Flame in the city of Tyumen, and in the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War on Poklonnaya Hill in the hero city of Moscow.
In February 2012, for the first time in Russia, the Rosa Khutor resort near Sochi will host the Alpine Skiing World Cup and the European Cups in snowboarding and freestyle skiing. These competitions are test ones, in two years Olympic tournaments will be held on the slopes, in the snowboard park and the Rosa Khutor freestyle center.
And where did the new resort get such an unusual name from? Where did roses come from in the mountains? Or maybe a girl of rare beauty named Rosa lived here? These questions are now being asked to Sochi residents by many sports fans.
The answer was found in a small museum located next to the Olympic slopes. As it turned out, the Rosa Khutor resort got its name not because of the beautiful flowers, not because of the beautiful female name Rosa. The place is named after a local resident, Estonian Adul Rooz. What a news! But where did the Estonians come from in the Caucasus mountains?
Few people know that the mountain facilities of the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi are being built not in the most famous Krasnaya Polyana, but in the nearby small Estonian village of Esto-Sadok. And that's how he appeared. In 1861, after the abolition of serfdom in Russia, life in Estonia was not easy. A strict law was in force here - after the death of the parents, all property, including the house and land, passed to the eldest son. The rest of the children were forced to earn a living by hard wage labor. Therefore, in 1871, 73 Estonian families, having collected simple property, decided to look for a better life outside their small homeland. Estonians have been wandering around the world for a long time. Were in the Volga region. Part of the settlers settled in Kalmykia. Some reached the village of Vereyut, lost on the northeastern slopes of the Caucasus Mountains. But here the life of the Estonians did not work out at first. Honest people by nature, they could not get used to the theft of livestock by local residents. Skirmishes and fights began to emerge.
At this time, the Estonians heard about Krasnaya Polyana on the other, southwestern side of the Main Caucasian Range. Later, one of the first Estonian settlers, Jan Nakhkur, wrote: “The fame of Krasnaya Polyana has come down to us. We sent three walkers there, they liked the place. What huge old gardens, fruits fell into their mouths! Many vast meadows, and forests, and beasts….».
We crossed the mountains. The first winter they spent in booths, they put them in a large clearing, near an old oak. The place was not chosen by chance - this tree has long been considered the national symbol of Estonia. One of the first Estonian settlers was Adul Rooza. In the spring, Estonians began to build houses, plant potatoes, and raise pigs. They worked hard and hard. They collected a pear - they made dried fruits. At the nearby Tsar's farm, cows of the Swiss breed were bought, they were driven to graze high in the mountains - on the Engelman meadows. They set up a dairy farm and an oil mill. Bred bees, collected fragrant mountain honey. Tree seedlings were taken at the Sochi Experimental Station and gardens were planted. Thanks to hard work, Estonians received up to 2,000 rubles in pure gold from each garden hectare. In a word, they lived richly! And they decided to call the village Esto-sadok, which means Estonian garden. It is worth noting that even after dispossession, the collective farm "Edazi" (in Estonian "Forward") has always been considered an advanced economy, it supplied Sochi sanatoriums with meat, milk and fruits.
But no matter how far the Estonians have gone, they never forgot about their ancestral roots. Remember the customs of the Baltics. In the blood of each was a craving for education and a love of music. And a few years later in Esto-Sadok, in a clearing near an old oak tree, the first school was built, then a club appeared here. Concerts in it were arranged by the Estonian string and wind orchestra created in the village, which became famous on the entire Black Sea coast of the Caucasus.
One of the brightest moments in the life of the village was the arrival of an Estonian writer. The writer came here on the recommendation of doctors who suspected he had tuberculosis. He settled in the house of Estonian immigrants, the hostess was Anna Vaarman, who in her maiden name was Roosa. Despite the fact that the girl was expecting her first child, and tuberculosis was considered a terrible disease, the family did not refuse the young writer's shelter. Every day Anna gave him fresh milk to drink, treated him with mountain honey. Fresh air, constant care and the tranquility of rural life did their job - in a few months Anton Tammsaare recovered. He went home to Estonia, and all his life he remembered Krasnaya Polyana, mentioned it in his stories. The memory of this event, as well as of the first brave Estonian settlers in general, is still kept in the Vaarman house, which has become a museum.
But historical evidence of the life of Adul Rooz, unfortunately, has not been preserved. It is only known that he settled on a farm seven kilometers from Esto-Sadok and worked all his life as a forester in the Krasnopolyansky forestry. It was before the Great Patriotic War. And then the sons parted, the farm fell into disrepair, only the name was preserved. The locals changed it a little - Rosa Khutor.
By the way, not only Rosa Khutor, but also other Olympic complexes remind with their names of the history and traditions of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. The main stadium, which will host the opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics, was named Fisht. This is the name of a high mountain in the Western Caucasus. Translated from the Adyghe language - "White Head", the snow on its top never melts. According to legend, it was to the Fisht rocks that Prometheus was chained, who stole fire on Olympus and gave it to people. The complex for skiing competitions is named "Laura", by the name of the Abaza princes Laurga who owned these lands. But the complex for bobsleigh competitions received the Russian name "Sanki", which will soon scatter all over the planet.
