List of literature for the Unified State Exam. List of references for an essay. A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"

You must use at least 1 argument of your own, taken from fiction, journalistic or scientific literature. Most often, examples are given from fiction, since these are the works that are taught in literature lessons as part of school curriculum.

Here is an approximate list of references from which you can take arguments to substantiate your point of view. It is compiled on the basis of works from which arguments are most often given when writing Unified State Exam essays In Russian. The list is sorted by author's last name in alphabetical order.

It is worth noting that this list of references is not strictly defined and is only advisory in nature. Arguments can be brought from any other works, the main thing is that they correspond to the main problem of the text. It is also not necessary to read all the works below; for each topic that the text may be devoted to, it is enough to prepare 2 arguments from some of the works.

List of references for arguments in the Unified State Exam essay in the Russian language

Author	Works
L.N. Andreev	“Judas Iscariot”, “Red Laughter”, “Petka in the Dacha”
V.P. Astafiev	"King Fish", " The Dome Cathedral", "Hut", "Horse with pink mane", "Lyudochka", "Postscript", "Last bow"
I. Babel	"Cavalry"
R. Bach	"A Seagull Named Jonathan Livingston"
V. Bianchi	"Tales of Animals"
G. Beecher Stowe	"Uncle Tom's Cabin"
A. Blok	"Twelve"
M.A. Bulgakov	“The Master and Margarita”, “Heart of a Dog”, “Notes of a Young Doctor”, “Fatal Eggs”
I.A. Bunin	"Mr. from San Francisco", "Brothers", "Dark Alleys"
V. Bykov	“Roundup”, “Sotnikov”, “Until Dawn”
B. Vasiliev	“And the dawns here are quiet...”, “Drop by drop”
J. Verne	"Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea"
K. Vorobiev	"German in felt boots"
N. Gal	"The Word Living and Dead"
E. Ginzburg	"Steep route"
N.V. Gogol	"Taras Bulba", " Dead Souls", "The Overcoat", "The Inspector General", "Terrible Revenge"
I.A. Goncharov	"Oblomov"
M. Gorky	“Old Woman Izergil”, “At the Depths”, “Childhood”, “Mother”, “Tales of Italy”, “My Universities”, “Konovalov”, “The Orlov Spouses”
A.S. Griboyedov	"Woe from Wit"
V. Grossman	"Life and Fate"
Charles Dickens	"David Copperfield"
F.M. Dostoevsky	“Crime and Punishment”, “Idiot”, “White Nights”, “The Brothers Karamazov”, “Demons”, “The Boy at Christ’s Christmas Tree”
T. Dreiser	"American tragedy"
V. Dudintsev	"White Clothes"
S.A. Yesenin	"Song of the Dog"
A. Zheleznyakov	"Scarecrow"
A. Zhigulin	"Black Stones"
V. Zakrutkin	"Mother of Man"
M. Zamyatin	"We"
I. Ilf, E. Petrov	"Golden calf"
A. Knyshev	“Oh great and mighty Russian language!”
V. Korolenko	"Children of the Underground"
A.I. Kuprin	« Garnet bracelet", "Taper", "Duel"
Yu. Levitansky	"Everyone chooses for themselves..."
M.Yu. Lermontov	“Borodino”, “Hero of our time”, “And I see myself as a child...”, “Stanzas”, “Clouds”, “I will not humiliate myself before you”
N.S. Leskov	"Southpaw", "Lady Macbeth" Mtsensk district", "The Enchanted Wanderer"
D.S. Likhachev	"Thoughts about the Motherland"
D. London	"Love of Life", "Martin Eden"
V.V. Mayakovsky	"Good attitude towards horses"
M. Maeterlinck	"Blue bird"
ON THE. Nekrasov	“Who lives well in Rus'”, “Grandfather Mazai and the hares”, “ Railway", "Reflections at the Front Entrance"
A. Nikitin	"Walking across three seas"
E. Nosov	"Difficult Bread"
A.N. Ostrovsky	“Thunderstorm”, “Our people - we will be numbered!”
K.G. Paustovsky	"Telegram", "Old Cook", "Tale of Life"
A. Petrov	"The Life of Archpriest Avvakum"
A.P. Platonov	“In a beautiful and furious world”, “Yushka”
B. Polevoy	"The Tale of a Real Man"
A. Pristavkin	“The golden cloud spent the night”
M. Prishvin	"Pantry of the Sun"
A.S. Pushkin	"Eugene Onegin", " Captain's daughter", "Stationmaster", " Queen of Spades”, “Nanny”, “I loved you...”, “October 19”, “God help you, my friends”, “The more often the lyceum celebrates”, “Chaadaevu”
V.G. Rasputin	“Farewell to Matera”, “French Lessons”
A. Rybakov	“Children of Arbat”, “35th and other years”
K.F. Ryleev	"Ivan Susanin", "Death of Ermak"
M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin	“The History of a City”, “The Golovlev Family”
A. de Saint-Exupéry	"A little prince"
A. Solzhenitsyn	“Matrenin’s Dvor”, “One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich”, “The Gulag Archipelago”, “In the First Circle”
V. Soloukhin	"Black Boards", "Letters from the Russian Museum"
A.T. Tvardovsky	"Vasily Terkin"
L.N. Tolstoy	"War and Peace", " Sevastopol stories", "Childhood", "After the Ball"
Yu. Trifonov	"House on the Embankment", "Disappearance"
I.S. Turgenev	“Fathers and Sons”, “Mumu”, “Russian Language”, “Biryuk”, “Notes of a Hunter”, “Nature”, “Conversation”, My Trees”, “Sea Voyage”, “Asya”
F.I. Tyutchev	“Not what you think, nature...”, “The Last Cataclysm”
L. Ulitskaya	"Daughter of Bukhara"
G.I. Uspensky	"Straightened"
A. Fadeev	"Young guard"
A.A. Fet	“Learn from them - from the oak, from the birch ...”, “On a haystack at night in the south”, “Dawn says goodbye to dawn”, “Pines”
DI. Fonvizin	"Undergrown"
E. Hemingway	“The Old Man and the Sea”, “Where It’s Clean, It’s Light”, “Undefeated”
N. Chernyshevsky	"What to do?"
A.P. Chekhov	“The Cherry Orchard”, “Darling”, “Jumping”, “Anna on the Neck”, “Ionych”, “Gooseberry”, “Ward No. 6”, “Student”, “Chameleon”, “Thick and Thin”, “Death of an Official” ", "Vanka", "Steppe", "Melancholy", "Unter Prishibeev", "Bride"
L. Chukovskaya	"Sofya Petrovna"
K.I. Chukovsky	"Alive as Life"
V. Shalamov	"Kolyma Tales"
E. Schwartz	"The Dragon"
M.A. Sholokhov	“Quiet Don”, “The Fate of Man”, “Melon Garden”, “Birthmark”

It is not necessary to read all the works from the school curriculum in order to write a good essay as part of the Unified State Exam in the Russian language. The texts proposed by the developers raise “eternal problems”, issues related to human behavior in war, as well as impoverishment native language. There are books that, if read carefully, will free you from the need to study dozens of creations. Life has compiled a list of “saving” literature.

If you really seriously read all 10 books that we will talk about, then you will pass the exam - you will select arguments for any problem, but you can also read just a few works from the list, if you have associative thinking, and you can “twist” any fact from the work in your favor. For example, you should choose who is closer to you: Sholokhov or Tolstoy? It is not necessary to read both epic novels (that is, "Quiet Don" and "War and Peace"), since the problems in them overlap. It is enough to know the plot lines of one of the books really well.

At the same time, do not forget that there must be two arguments, which means that examples from one work cannot be used.

1. "War and Peace" by Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy

Using the example of the stories of three families against the backdrop of the war with Napoleon, many eternal problems are shown - this is the manifestation of the best (or worst) qualities of a person at critical moments (Pierre Bezukhov, Andrei Bolkonsky), the inexperience of a young soul (Natasha Rostova) and the influence of the environment on the development of personality (Anatole and Helen Kuragin, Andrei and Marya Bolkonsky, Natasha, Nikolai, Peter and Vera Rostov), choosing a path or searching for the meaning of life (Pierre Bezukhov, Andrei Bolkonsky). Tolstoy also speaks of mercy in the person of, for example, Natasha Rostova, of duty in the person of the Bolkonskys, of frivolity and cowardice - Anatol Kuragin, Natasha Rostova. The author does not forget about the problem of social stratification, the thirst for power - these are the two opposite worlds of the Kuragin and Rostov families.

In almost every chapter of the novel, in every episode, you can find an argument for a particular problem in the exam text.

2. “Quiet Don” by Mikhail Alexandrovich Sholokhov

In the epic novel dedicated to the life of the Cossacks during the period Civil War, one of the central themes is female love and its depth (Natalia and Aksinya). Also the most important problem, raised by Sholokhov, is the choice of a person’s path. This is the torment of Grigory Melekhov (both in war and in his personal life). The classic talks about the endless pursuit of happiness in spite of any obstacles (the love story of the main characters), as well as about human lust, the influence of instincts on a person’s life (the wife of his older brother Gregory). The theme of fate, inevitability, and atonement for sins can be traced through the entire work. Sholokhov, talking about the Melekhov family, also talks about duty to parents, confrontation between different generations and betrayal.

3. Any book from the series "A Song of Ice and Fire" by George R.R. Martin

Regardless of whether you are a fan of the series or a series of science fiction works, the reality created by the American writer is so global that it embodies all the joys and vices of human life, or, as Balzac would say, “the human comedy.” The history of the confrontation between houses (influential families) for the throne reveals the most terrible sides of the human soul - Martin talks about the rules of fair and dishonest war, about the problem of injustice, hatred and self-interest in society, about incest, greed and mercy, about the problem of duty to family and state, about dishonor regardless of social income, about arrogance, about the presence of a competitive spirit between family members. It doesn’t even make sense to list everything and indicate specific characters - there are many of them, and there are vices and virtues in each of the characters in the cycle. You will find an argument for almost any issue in the history of Westeros. Even the opposition to progress and rejection of the new can be told using the example of the story of the experiments on the Mountain.

4. “Crime and Punishment” by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky

One of the most important works of the school curriculum is the story of “little people”, “trembling creatures”. The novel also raises a wide range of issues - the duality of the soul, the presence in every person of two poles - good and evil, atonement for sins, the choice of path (again the main characters, Marmeladov), life priorities and personality development, the role of religion in human life, greed and cynicism (old money-lender, Svidrigailov), changes in the perception of the world depending on a person’s internal experiences (St. Petersburg), feelings of guilt, inevitability of punishment, extremism, etc. Most of the novel's problems are shown through the personalities of the main characters - Rodion Raskolnikov and Sonya Marmeladova.

5. "Thunderstorm" by Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky

A play dedicated to social and everyday problems (like "Dowry"), shows a dark world in which there is no room for bright emotions. They simply die under the onslaught of human “simplicity”, hatred, conservatism and ignorance. In the work one can find arguments on the themes of betrayal (Katerina’s betrayal of her husband), restlessness of the human soul, the constant search for something new (also Katerina), social stratification, following traditions and rejection of youth by the old generation (Kabanikha and Katerina, Tikhon), fate (the Countess and the omen of death ), feelings of guilt, suppression of the word of reason by the heart, lies among loved ones, teenage maximalism, theft among the rich class (Wild), power, the vicissitudes of love, relationships between fathers and children, and so on.

6. “Abroad” by Mikhail Evgrafovich Saltykov-Shchedrin

You can make arguments from the satirical work of the classic on the topics of patriotism (love for the Motherland, rejection of someone else's, even if it is better), confrontation between West and East, Russia and Europe, poor and rich (conversation between a Russian and a German boy), feelings of the crowd, consumer society, oblivion traditions, the human factor in relationships, professional duty, mentality characteristics different nations and so on.

7. "The Captain's Daughter" by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

It is also important to read the short work of our luminary, because this story (by the way, this argument can also be taken from the novel “War and Peace”) raises the problem of the role of the individual in history (Emelyan Pugachev and Catherine II). It is also impossible not to say about mercy (the Empress again), a person’s behavior in a critical situation, duty to the state, parental severity (in the person of Father Pyotr Grinev), betrayal (Shvabrin and Grinev), a sense of possessiveness (Shvabrin), social inequality and, of course, about love - the captain’s daughter and Grinev.

8. “The Russian language is on the verge of a nervous breakdown” by Maxim Anisimovich Krongauz

As in the case of “Game of Thrones” (the first part), you don’t have to read it - you can watch the movie. Not everyone loves “The Great Gatsby” - for some it is boring, but the film turned out to be very dynamic (especially since some moments from the novel were not realized on screen - for example, the life of Gatsby in his youth, the episode with his family). The classic of the Jazz Age raises the problems of intolerance of the rich towards the problems of people of low “class”, the difference between love and falling in love, the thirst for power and money, the “little man”. The author also talks about true friendship, dreams and hopes. The latter, according to Fitzgerald, are often empty.

10. “All Quiet on the Western Front” by Erich Maria Remarque

About humility, military duty, despair of those who have lost loved ones, the inevitability of death, equality before war and the death of all people (regardless of wealth, pedigree and type of activity), friendship and indifference in war to things that are important in life. Peaceful time, says Remarque. In a short work you can find arguments on almost any military issue.

Information on the theory and history of literature

1. Fiction as the art of words
1.2 Folklore. Genres of folklore
1.3 Artistic image. Artistic time and space
1.4 Content and form. Poetics
1.5 The author's intention and its implementation. Artistic fiction.
Fantastic
1.6 Historical and literary process. Literary directions and movements:
classicism, sentimentalism, romanticism, realism, modernism
(symbolism, acmeism, futurism), postmodernism
1.7 Literary genres: epic, lyric poetry, lyric epic, drama. Genres of literature:
novel, epic novel, story, story, essay, parable; poem, ballad;
lyric poem, song, elegy, message, epigram, ode,
sonnet; comedy, tragedy, drama
1.8 Author's position. Subject. Idea. Issues. Plot. Composition.
Epigraph. Antithesis. Stages of action development: exposition, plot,
climax, denouement, epilogue. Lyrical digression. Conflict.
Author-narrator. Author's image. Character. Interior. Character.
Type. Lyrical hero. System of images. Portrait. Scenery. Speaker
surname. Remark. “Eternal themes” and “eternal images” in literature.
Pathos. Fable. Speech characteristics of the hero: dialogue, monologue;
inner speech. Tale
1.9 Detail. Symbol. Subtext
1.10 Psychologism. Nationality. Historicism
1.11 Tragic and comic. Satire, humor, irony, sarcasm. Grotesque
1.12 Language of a work of art. A rhetorical question,
exclamation. Aphorism. Inversion. Repeat. Anaphora. Fine-
expressive means in work of art: comparison,
epithet, metaphor (including personification), metonymy. Hyperbola.
Allegory. Oxymoron.
Sound design: alliteration, assonance
1.13 Style
1.14 Prose and poetry. Versification systems. Poetic dimensions: trochee,
iambic, dactyl, amphibrach, anapest. Rhythm. Rhyme. Stanza. Dolnik.
Accent verse. Blank verse. Vers libre

2. List of required literature

From ancient Russian literature
2.1 “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”

From literature of the 18th century.
3.1 D. I. Fonvizin. The play "The Minor"
3.2 G. R. Derzhavin. Poem "Monument"

From literature first half of the 19th century V.
4.1 V.A. Zhukovsky. Poem "Sea"
4.2 V.A. Zhukovsky. Ballad "Svetlana"
4.3 A.S. Griboyedov. Play "Woe from Wit"
4.4 A.S. Pushkin. Poems: “Village”, “Prisoner”, “In the Depths”
Siberian ores...", "Poet", "To Chaadaev", "Song of prophetic Oleg»,
“To the Sea”, “Nanny”, “K***” (“I remember wonderful moment…»),
“October 19” (“The forest drops its crimson headdress…”), “Prophet”, “Winter
road", "Anchar", "On the hills of Georgia lies the darkness of the night...", "I
loved: love still, perhaps...", " Winter morning"," Demons "," Conversation
bookseller with a poet", "Cloud", "I erected a monument to myself
not made by hands...", "The daylight has gone out...", "Freedom sower
deserted...", "Imitations of the Koran" (IX. "And the traveler weary of God
grumbled...") "Elegy", ("The faded joy of crazy years..."), "...Again I
visited..."
4.5 A.S. Pushkin. Novel "The Captain's Daughter"
4.6 A.S. Pushkin. Poem "The Bronze Horseman"
4.7 A.S. Pushkin. Novel "Eugene Onegin"
4.8 M.Yu. Lermontov. Poems: “No, I’m not Byron, I’m different...”,
“Clouds”, “Beggar”, “From under a mysterious, cold half mask...”,
“Sail”, “Death of a Poet”, “Borodino”, “When the yellowing
Niva...", "Duma", "Poet" ("My dagger shines with gold trim..."),
“Three Palms”, “Prayer” (“In a difficult moment of life...”), “Both boring and
sad”, “No, it’s not you I love so passionately...”, “Motherland”, “Dream”
("IN midday heat in the valley of Dagestan..."), "Prophet", "How often,
surrounded by a motley crowd...", "Valerik", "I go out alone onto the road..."
4.9 M.Yu. Lermontov. Poem “Song about... merchant Kalashnikov”
4.10 M.Yu. Lermontov. Poem "Mtsyri"
4.11 M.Yu. Lermontov. Novel "Hero of Our Time"
4.12 N.V. Gogol. The play "The Inspector General"
4.13 N.V. Gogol. The story "The Overcoat"
4.14 N.V. Gogol. Poem "Dead Souls"

From the literature of the second half of the 19th century.
5.1 A.N. Ostrovsky. The play "The Thunderstorm"
5.2 I.S. Turgenev. Novel "Fathers and Sons"
5.3 Full name Tyutchev. Poems: “Noon”, “There is a melodiousness in the sea
waves...", "A kite rose from the clearing...", "There are in autumn
original...", "Silentium!", "Not what you think, nature...",
“You can’t understand Russia with your mind…”, “Oh, how murderously we love…”, “We don’t
given to predict...", "K. B." (“I met you - and all the past ...”),
“Nature is a sphinx. And the more faithful she is...”

5.4 A.A. Fet. Poems: “Dawn bids farewell to the earth...”, “With one push
drive away a living boat...", "Evening", "Learn from them - from the oak, from the birch...",
“This morning, this joy...”, “Whisper, timid breathing...", "The night was shining.
The garden was full of moonlight. We were lying...", "It's still a May night"
5.5 I.A. Goncharov. Roman "Oblomov"
5.6 N.A. Nekrasov. Poems: “Troika”, “I don’t like your irony...”,
“Railroad”, “On the Road”, “Yesterday, at about six o’clock...”,
"We are with you stupid people...”, “Poet and Citizen”, “Elegy”
(“Let changing fashion tell us…”), “Oh Muse! I'm at the door of the coffin..."
5.7 N.A. Nekrasov. Poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”
5.8 M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. Fairy tales: “The story of how one man two
fed the generals", "Wild landowner", "The wise minnow"
5.9 M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. Novel “The History of a City” (review
studying)
5.10 L.N. Tolstoy. Novel "War and Peace"
5.11 F.M. Dostoevsky. Novel "Crime and Punishment"
5.12 N.S. Leskov. One piece (of the examinee’s choice)

From literature late XIX– beginning of the 20th century
6.1 A.P. Chekhov. Stories: “Student”, “Ionych”, “Man in a Case”, “Lady
with a dog", "Death of an Official", "Chameleon"
6.2 A.P. Chekhov. Play "The Cherry Orchard"

From the literature of the first half of the 20th century.
7.1 I.A. Bunin. Stories: "Mr. from San Francisco", "Clean
Monday"
7.2 M. Gorky. The story "Old Woman Izergil"
7.3 M. Gorky. The play "At the Bottom"
7.4 A.A. Block. Poems: “Stranger”, “Russia”, “Night, street,
lantern, pharmacy...", "In the restaurant", "The river spread out. Flowing, sad
lazy..." (from the series "On the Kulikovo Field"), "On the Railway",
“I enter dark temples...”, “Factory”, “Rus”, “About valor, oh
exploits, about glory...", "Oh, I want to live madly..."
7.5 A.A. Block. Poem "Twelve"
7.6 V.V. Mayakovsky. Poems: “Could you?”, “Listen!”,
“Violin and a little nervously”, “Lilichka!”, “Yubileinoe”,
“Sideshowed”, “Here!”, “Good attitude towards horses”,
“An extraordinary adventure that happened to Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer
at the dacha", "Giveaway", "Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva"
7.7 V.V. Mayakovsky. Poem "Cloud in Pants"
7.8 S.A. Yesenin. Poems: “Go you, Rus', my dear!..”, “Don’t wander,
do not crush in the crimson bushes...", "Now we are leaving little by little...",
“Letter to Mother”, “The feather grass is sleeping. Dear plain...", "You are my Shagane,
Shagane...", "I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry...", “Soviet Rus'”,
“The road was thinking about the red evening...”, “The hewn horns began to sing...”,
“Rus”, “Pushkin”, “I walk through the valley. On the back of the cap...", "Low House
with blue shutters..."

7.9 M.I. Tsvetaeva. Poems: “To my poems written so early...”,
“Poems to Blok” (“Your name is a bird in your hand...”), “Who is created from stone,
who is made of clay...", "Homesickness! A long time ago...", "Books in red
bound”, “To Grandmother”, “Seven hills - like seven bells!..” (from the series
"Poems about Moscow")
7.10 O.E. Mandelstam. Poems: “Notre Dame”, “Insomnia. Homer.
Tight sails...", "For the explosive valor of the coming centuries...",
“I returned to my city, familiar to tears...”
7.11 A.A. Akhmatova. Poems: “Song of the Last Meeting”, “Squeezed
hands under a dark veil...", "I have no need for odic armies...", "I
there was a voice. He called comfortingly...", "Native Land", "Tear-stained autumn, like
widow...", "Seaside Sonnet", "Before spring there are days like this...", "Not
with those who abandoned the earth...", "Poems about St. Petersburg", "Courage"
7.12 A.A. Akhmatova. Poem "Requiem"
7.13 M.A. Sholokhov. Novel "Quiet Don"
7.14 M.A. Sholokhov. The story "The Fate of Man"
7.15.A M.A. Bulgakov. Novel "The White Guard" (choice allowed)
7.15.B M.A. Bulgakov. Novel “The Master and Margarita” (choice allowed)
7.16 A.T. Tvardovsky. Poems: “The whole essence is in one single
covenant...", "In memory of the mother" ("In the land where they were taken in droves..."),
“I know, it’s not my fault...”
7.17 A.T. Tvardovsky. The poem “Vasily Terkin” (chapters “Crossing”, “Two
soldier", "Duel", "Death and the Warrior")
7.18 B.L. Parsnip. Poems: “February. Get some ink and cry!..”
“Definition of Poetry”, “In everything I want to achieve...”, “Hamlet”,
“Winter Night” (“Shallow, shallow all over the earth...”), “No one will be in
home...", "It's snowing", "About these poems", "Loving others is hard
cross...", "Pines", "Rime", "July"
7.19 B.L. Parsnip. The novel “Doctor Zhivago” (review study with analysis
fragments)
7.20 A.P. Platonov. One piece (of the examinee’s choice)
7.21 A.I. Solzhenitsyn. The story "Matrenin's yard"
7.22 A.I. Solzhenitsyn. The story “One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich”

From the literature of the second half of the twentieth century.

8.1 Prose of the second half of the 20th century.
F. Abramov, Ch.T. Aitmatov, V.P. Astafiev, V.I. Belov, A.G. Bitov,
V.V. Bykov, V.S. Grossman, S.D. Dovlatov, V.L. Kondratiev,
V.P. Nekrasov, E.I. Nosov, V.G. Rasputin, V.F. Tendryakov,
Yu.V. Trifonov, V.M. Shukshin (works by at least three authors based on
choice)
8.2 Poetry of the second half of the 20th century.
B.A. Akhmadulina, I.A. Brodsky, A.A. Voznesensky, V.S. Vysotsky,
E.A. Evtushenko, N.A. Zabolotsky, Yu.P. Kuznetsov, L.N. Martynov,
B.Sh. Okudzhava, N.M. Rubtsov, D.S. Samoilov, B.A. Slutsky,
V.N. Sokolov, V.A. Soloukhin, A.A. Tarkovsky (poems no less
three authors of your choice)

8.3 Dramaturgy of the second half of the twentieth century.
A.N. Arbuzov, A.V. Vampilov, A.M. Volodin, V.S. Rozov, M.M. Roshchin
(work of one author of your choice)

3. List of requirements for the level of training of graduates

1 Know/understand:

1.1 figurative nature of verbal art;
1.2 the content of the studied literary works;
1.3 basic facts of the life and work of classical writers
XIX–XX centuries, stages of their creative evolution;
1.4 historical and cultural context and creative history of the studied
works;
1.5 basic laws of the historical and literary process,
information about individual periods of its development, features of literary
directions and currents;
1.6 basic theoretical and literary concepts

2.1 reproduce the content of a literary work;
2.2 analyze and interpret a literary work,
using information on the history and theory of literature
(artistic structure; theme; problematic; moral
pathos; system of images; features of composition, artistic
time and space; visual and expressive means
language; artistic detail); analyze the episode (scene)
studied work, explain its connection with the issues
works;
2.3 relate fiction with facts of public
life and culture; reveal the role of literature in spiritual and
cultural development of society;

2.4 reveal the specific historical and universal
the content of the studied literary works; bind
literary classics with the time of writing, with modernity and
tradition; identify cross-cutting themes and key issues
Russian literature;
2.5 correlate the work being studied with the literary movement
eras; highlight features literary trends and currents at
analysis of the work;
2.6 determine the genre and generic specificity of literary
works;
2.7 compare literary works, as well as their various
artistic, critical and scientific interpretations;
2.8 identify the author’s position, characterize the features of the style
writer;
2.9 articulate your attitude to what you read
work;
2.10 write essays on literary topics.

3 Use acquired knowledge and skills in practical activities and Everyday life For:

3.1 creating a coherent text on the proposed topic, taking into account the norms
Russian literary language;
3.2 participation in dialogue or discussion

List of references required to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Literature*

Old Russian literature

"The Tale of Igor's Campaign"

Literature of the first half of the 19th century

A.S. Griboyedov's play "Woe from Wit"

V.A. Zhukovsky poem "Sea", ballad "Svetlana"

A.S. Pushkin's novels: "The Captain's Daughter", "Eugene Onegin", the poem "The Bronze Horseman", poems: "Village", "Prisoner", "In the depths of the Siberian ores...", "Poet", "To Chaadaev", "Song about the prophetic Oleg", "To the sea", "Nanny", "K***" ("I remember a wonderful moment..."), "October 19" ("the forest drops its crimson headdress..."), " Prophet", "Winter Road", "Anchar", "On the hills of Georgia lies the darkness of the night...", "I loved you: love still, perhaps...", "Winter morning", "Demons", "conversation bookseller with a poet", "Cloud", "I erected a monument to myself not made by hands...", "The daylight has gone out...", "The desert sower of freedom...", "Imitations of the Koran" (IX. "And the tired traveler on God murmured..."), "Elegy", ("Crazy years of faded fun..."), "...I visited again..."

M.Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri", the novel "Hero of Our Time", "Song about... the merchant Kalashnikov", poems: "No, I'm not Byron, I'm different...", "Clouds", "Beggar", "Iz- under a mysterious, cold half-mask...", "Sail", "Death of a Poet", "Borodino", "When the yellowing field is agitated...", "Duma", "Poet" ("My dagger shines with a golden finish... "), "Three Palms", "Prayer" ("In a difficult moment of life..."), "Both boring and sad", "No, it's not you I love so passionately...", "Motherland", "Dream " ("In the midday heat in the valley of Dagestan..."), "Prophet", "How often, Petrosya is surrounded by a crowd...", "Valerik", "I go out alone on the road..."

N.V. Gogol's play "The Inspector General", the poem "Dead Souls", the story "The Overcoat".

Literature of the second half of the 19th century

A.A. Fet poems: “Dawn bids farewell to the earth...”, “With one push, drive away a living boat...”, “Evening,” “Learn from them - from the oak, from the birch...”, “This morning, this joy...”, “Whisper , timid breathing...", "The night was shining. The garden was full of moonlight. We were lying...", "It's still a May night"

ON THE. Nekrasov's poem "Who Lives Well in Rus'", poems: "Troika", "I don't like your irony...", "Railroad", "On the Road", "Yesterday, at six o'clock...", "We and you are stupid people...", "The Poet and the Citizen", "Elegy" ("Let changing fashion tell us..."), "Oh Muse! I'm at the door of the coffin..."

I.S. Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons"

M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin satirical tales, novel “The History of a City” (review study)

L.N. Tolstoy's epic novel "War and Peace"

F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment"

I.A. Goncharov's novel "Oblomov"

N.S. Leskov one work (of the examinee’s choice), for example, the story “Lefty”

A.N. Ostrovsky's play "The Thunderstorm"

F.I. Tyutchev poems: “Noon”, “There is melodiousness in sea waves...”, “The kite rose from the clearing...”, “In the primordial autumn...”, “Silentium!”, “Not what you think, nature...”, “Russia cannot be understood with the mind...”, “Oh, how we love murderously...", "We cannot predict...", "K. B." (“I met you - and all the past ...”), “Nature is a sphinx. And the more true it is...”

Literature of the late XIX - early XX centuries

A.P. Chekhov's play "The Cherry Orchard", stories: "Student", "Ionych", "Man in a Case", "Lady with a Dog", "Death of an Official", "Chameleon"

From the literature of the first half of the 20th century

I.A. Bunin stories: "Mr. from San Francisco", "Clean Monday"

A.A. Akhmatova’s poem “Requiem”, poems: “Song of the last meeting”, “I clenched my hands under a dark veil...”, “I have no need for Odic armies...”, “I had a voice. He called comfortingly...", "Native Land", "Tear-stained autumn, like a widow...", "Seaside Sonnet", "Before spring there are days like this...", "I bear with those who abandoned the earth..." , “Poems about St. Petersburg”, “Courage”

M. Tsvetaeva's poems: “To my poems, written so early...”, “Poems to Blok” (“Your name is a bird in the hand...”), “Who is created from stone, who is created from clay...”, “Longing for the homeland! A long time ago...", "Books in red binding", "To Grandmother", "Seven hills - like seven bells!.." (from the series "Poems about Moscow")

M. Gorky play "At the Depths", story "Old Woman Izergil"

S.A. Yesenin poems: “Go you, Rus', my dear!..”, “Do not wander, do not crush in the crimson bushes...”, “Now we are leaving little by little...”, “Letter to the mother,” “The feather grass is sleeping. Dear plain...", "You are my Shagane, Shagane...", "I do not regret, I do not call, I do not cry...", "Soviet Rus'", "The road was thinking about the red evening...", "The hewn horns began to sing...", "Rus" , “Pushkin”, “I am walking through the valley. On the back of the head is a cap...", "A low house with blue shutters..."

B.L. Pasternak’s novel “Doctor Zhivago” (review study with analysis of fragments), poems: “February. Get some ink and cry!..”, “Definition of poetry”, “I want to achieve everything...”, “Hamlet”, “Winter Night”, “No one will be in the house...”, “It’s snowing”, “About these poems”, “Loving others - heavy cross...", "Pines", "Rime", "July"

V.V. Mayakovsky poem “Cloud in Pants”, poems: “Could you?”, “Listen!”, “Violin and a little nervously”, “Lilichka!”, “Anniversary”, “Settled”, “Here!”, “Good attitude towards horses”, “An extraordinary adventure that happened with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha”, “Giveaway sale”, “Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva”

A.A. Block poem "Twelve", poems: "Stranger", "Russia", "Night, street, lantern, pharmacy...", "In a restaurant", "The river spreads out. Flows, lazily sad..." (from the cycle "On the Kulikovo Field"), "On the Railway", "I Enter Dark Temples...", "Factory", "Rus", "About Valor, about Deeds, about Glory ...”, “Oh, I want to live crazy...”

M.A. Sholokhov's novel "Quiet Don", story "The Fate of Man"

M.A. Bulgakov's novels: "The Master and Margarita", "The White Guard" (choice allowed)

A.T. Tvardovsky's poem "Vasily Terkin" (chapters "Crossing", "Two Soldiers", "Duel", "Death and the Warrior")

A.I. Solzhenitsyn's story "Matrenin's Dvor", the story "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich"

A.P. Platonov one work (at the examinee’s choice)

From the literature of the second half of the 20th century

Prose of the second half of the 20th century: F.A. Abramov, Ch.T. Aitmatov, V.P. Astafiev, V.I. Belov, A.G. Bitov, V.V. Bykov, V.S. Grossman, S.D. Dovlatov, V.L. Kondratyev, V.P. Nekrasov, E.I. Nosov, V.G. Rasputin, V.F. Tendryakov, Yu.V. Trifonov, V.M. Shukshin (works by at least three authors of your choice)

Poetry of the second half of the 20th century: B.A. Akhmadulina, I.A. Brodsky, A.A. Voznesensky, V.S. Vysotsky, E.A. Evtushenko, N.A. Zabolotsky, Yu.P. Kuznetsov, L.N. Martynov, B.Sh. Okudzhava, N.M. Rubtsov, D.S. Samoilov, B.A. Slutsky, V.N. Sokolov, V.A. Soloukhin, A.A. Tarkovsky (poems by at least three authors of your choice)

Drama of the second half of the twentieth century: A.N. Arbuzov, A.V. Vampilov, A.M. Volodin, V.S. Rozov, M.M. Roshchin (work of one author's choice)

Even a very good retelling cannot replace the literary text itself. " Without reading there is no real education,- A.I. told his son. Herzen, - there is not and cannot be either taste or multifaceted breadth of understanding.

All these works can be downloaded in one archive. Everything is neatly laid out there in folders and chronological order. fb2 format.

If you do not have an electronic reader, then your admin strongly recommends ordering here or.

Old Russian literature

"The Tale of Igor's Campaign"

From literature of the 18th century.

DI. Fonvizin. The play "The Minor"

G.R. Derzhavin. Poem "Monument"

Literature of the first half of the 19th century

A.S. Griboyedov play "Woe from Wit"

V.A. Zhukovsky poem "Sea", ballad "Svetlana"

A.S. Pushkin novels: "The Captain's Daughter", "Eugene Onegin", poem "The Bronze Horseman", poems: "Village", "Prisoner", "In the depths of the Siberian ores...", "Poet", "To Chaadaev", "Song of prophetic Oleg", "To the sea", "Nanny", "K***" ("I remember a wonderful moment..."), "October 19" ("the forest drops its crimson headdress..."), "Prophet ", "Winter Road", "Anchar", "On the hills of Georgia lies the darkness of the night...", "I loved you: love still, perhaps...", "Winter morning", "Demons", "bookseller's conversation with the poet", "Cloud", "I erected a monument to myself not made by hands...", "The daylight has gone out...", "The desert sower of freedom...", "Imitations of the Koran" (IX. "And the traveler weary of God grumbled..."), "Elegy", ("Crazy years of faded fun..."), "...I visited again..."

M.Yu. Lermontov poem "Mtsyri", novel "Hero of Our Time", "Song about... Merchant Kalashnikov", poems: "No, I'm not Byron, I'm different...", "Clouds", "Beggar", "From Under mysterious, cold half-mask...", "Sail", "Death of a Poet", "Borodino", "When the yellowing field is agitated...", "Duma", "Poet" ("My dagger shines with a golden finish..." ), “Three Palms”, “Prayer” (“In a difficult moment of life...”), “Both boring and sad”, “No, it’s not you I love so passionately...”, “Motherland”, “Dream” (“In the midday heat in the valley of Dagestan...”), “Prophet”, “How often, surrounded by a motley crowd...”, “Valerik”, “I go out alone on the road...”

N.V. Gogol the play "The Inspector General", the poem "Dead Souls", the story "The Overcoat".

Literature of the second half of the 19th century

A.A. Fet poems: “Dawn bids farewell to the earth...”, “With one push, drive away a living boat...”, “Evening,” “Learn from them - from the oak, from the birch...”, “This morning, this joy...”, “Whisper, timid breathing...", "The night was shining. The garden was full of moonlight. We were lying...", "It's still a May night"

ON THE. Nekrasov poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”, poems: “Troika”, “I don’t like your irony...”, “Railroad”, “On the Road”, “Yesterday, at six o’clock...”, “You and I stupid people...", "The Poet and the Citizen", "Elegy" ("Let changing fashion tell us..."), "Oh Muse! I'm at the door of the coffin..."

I.S. Turgenev novel "Fathers and Sons"

M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin satirical tales: (“The Tale of How One Man Fed Two Generals”, “The Wise Minnow”, “The Wild Landowner”, the novel “The History of a City” (review study)

L.N. Tolstoy epic novel "War and Peace"

F.M. Dostoevsky novel "Crime and Punishment"

I.A. Goncharov novel "Oblomov"

N.S. Leskov one work (at the examinee’s choice), for example, the story “Lefty” or “Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk”.

A.N. Ostrovsky play "Thunderstorm"

F.I. Tyutchev poems: “Noon”, “There is melodiousness in the sea waves...”, “A kite rose from the clearing...”, “There is in the primordial autumn...”, “Silentium!”, “Not what you think, nature...”, “You can’t understand Russia with your mind...”, “Oh, how murderously we love...”, “It is not given to us to predict...”, “K. B." (“I met you - and all the past ...”), “Nature is a sphinx. And the more true it is...”

Literature of the late XIX - early XX centuries

A.P. Chekhov play "The Cherry Orchard", stories: "Student", "Ionych", "Man in a Case", "Lady with a Dog", "Death of an Official", "Chameleon"

From the literature of the first half of the 20th century

I.A. Bunin stories: "Mr. from San Francisco", "Clean Monday"

A.A. Akhmatova poem “Requiem”, poems: “Song of the last meeting”, “I clenched my hands under a dark veil...”, “I have no need for Odic armies...”, “I had a voice. He called comfortingly...", "Native Land", "Tear-stained autumn, like a widow...", "Seaside Sonnet", "Before spring there are days like this...", "I bear with those who abandoned the earth..." , “Poems about St. Petersburg”, “Courage”

M. Tsvetaeva poems: “To my poems, written so early...”, “Poems to Blok” (“Your name is a bird in the hand...”), “Who is created from stone, who is created from clay...”, “Longing for the homeland! A long time ago...", "Books in red binding", "To Grandmother", "Seven hills - like seven bells!.." (from the series "Poems about Moscow")

M. Gorky play "At the Bottom", story "Old Woman Izergil"

S.A. Yesenin poems: “Go you, Rus', my dear!..”, “Do not wander, do not crush in the crimson bushes...”, “Now we are leaving little by little...”, “Letter to the mother,” “The feather grass is sleeping. Dear plain...", "You are my Shagane, Shagane...", "I do not regret, I do not call, I do not cry...", "Soviet Rus'", "The road was thinking about the red evening...", "The hewn horns began to sing...", "Rus" , “Pushkin”, “I am walking through the valley. On the back of the head is a cap...", "A low house with blue shutters..."

B.L. Parsnip novel “Doctor Zhivago” (review study with analysis of fragments), poems: “February. Get some ink and cry!..”, “Definition of poetry”, “I want to achieve everything...”, “Hamlet”, “Winter Night”, “No one will be in the house...”, “It’s snowing”, “About these poems”, “Loving others is a heavy cross...”, “Pines”, “Rime”, “July”

O.E. Mandelstam“Notre Dame”, “Insomnia. Homer.Tight sails...", "For the explosive valor of the coming centuries...",“I returned to my city, familiar to tears...”

V.V. Mayakovsky poem “Cloud in Pants”, poems: “Could you?”, “Listen!”, “Violin and a little nervously”, “Lilichka!”, “Anniversary”, “Sat over”, “Nate!”, “Good attitude to horses”, “An extraordinary adventure that happened with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha”, “Giveaway sale”, “Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva”

A.A. Block poem "The Twelve", poems: "Stranger", "Russia", "Night, street, lantern, pharmacy...", "In a restaurant", "The river spreads out. Flows, lazily sad..." (from the cycle "On the Kulikovo Field"), "On the Railway", "I Enter Dark Temples...", "Factory", "Rus", "About Valor, about Deeds, about Glory ...”, “Oh, I want to live crazy...”

M.A. Sholokhov novel "Quiet Don", story "The Fate of Man"

M.A. Bulgakov novels: "The Master and Margarita", "The White Guard" (choice allowed)

A.T. Tvardovsky poem “Vasily Terkin” (chapters “Crossing”, “Two Soldiers”, “Duel”, “Death and the Warrior”)

A.I. Solzhenitsyn story "Matrenin's Dvor", story "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich"

A.P. Platonov one piece (of the examinee’s choice)

From the literature of the second half of the 20th century

Drama of the second half of the twentieth century: A.N. Arbuzov, A.V. Vampilov, A.M. Volodin, V.S. Rozov, M.M. Roshchin (work of one author's choice)