What is the difference between selfishness and egocentrism. What is egoism and egocentrism - what is the difference between them. What is egocentrism
Delia Steinberg Gusman, Head of the New Acropolis International School
Many times we have read and heard about how dangerous selfishness is. Often selfishness and its " younger brother» egocentrism are directly linked, and it is said that in fact both are dangerous. In his article “What is mysticism”, Professor Livraga writes: “Egoism and its exoteric (external. - Approx. ed.) shadow - egocentrism - have always been stumbling blocks in the path of physical, mental, mental and spiritual development ... "
It becomes clear that both egoism and egocentrism are harmful. But we would like to take another look at this problem and try to understand more deeply what is the difference between one and the other concept.
Why is egocentrism only the exoteric side of egoism? Why does it turn out that egoism has deeper roots and causes more terrible, fatal consequences, while egocentrism always remains only its external, visible manifestation?
Egocentrism is the feeling of being the center of the world and all events. This is the need to be in charge, to always attract the attention of others. If we call natural behavior and actions that come from elementary instincts and impulses inherent in a person, then in a sense we can say that egocentrism is also his natural state. However, this condition, character traits and behavior are peculiar to humans, and among animals they are very rare. The animal lives its life with true naturalness, it protects itself and its young from other animals and humans only when it feels that danger comes from them.
It is strange, but often it turns out that contact with a person “infects” domestic animals with the “virus of egocentrism”, and we see how such a familiar need for us to attract all the eyes, to appropriate all the caresses and exclusive attention of the owner begins to manifest in them. So along with egocentrism, jealousy is born.
From the very first months of his life, the child requires the exclusive attention of his parents, especially his mother. He already has his own methods and his own "tactics" that allow this to be achieved and lead to tenderness of adults, who notice with joy and delight that such a tiny creature has already become somewhat similar to them.
As time passes, children and young people, as they grow, increasingly begin to feel the need to become the center of attention in the home, among friends, at school, in their environment. Egocentrism gradually turns into a peculiar form of self-affirmation. Later, he can cause feelings that are mistakenly called love, not noticing that they are based on the spirit of possessiveness. The desire to feel loved this case would mean a demand to become the center of another person's existence. Subsequently, anti-love is born from this - selfishness. To be an egoist means to feel not just the center, but the only center of the world. Although a person knows that there are other people, he lives and behaves as if they do not exist, and does not notice anything and no one but himself. In this case, the famous parable of the cranes, which Plato tells in his Dialogues, literally applies. After much deliberation, the cranes meeting in a secret meeting come to the conclusion that the creatures living in the world are divided into two large parts: cranes and non-cranes. The same thing happens with a selfish person. For him, the world consists of two obvious and understandable parts: he himself, the main, main and one of a kind, and all the rest, "not-I", only vaguely existing in the egoist's imagination somewhere in his own shadow.
It's not even that the egoist isolates himself from the world, as some argue. On the contrary, the egoist perfectly sees all the diversity of life. The fact is that this diversity does not interest him, just as he is not interested in what can happen to other people if he is satisfied with himself and his desires and requirements are satisfied. In addition to being an egocentric, he also becomes cold and indifferent to everything else, he "does not give a damn" about other people and it is no longer enough that he is the center of attention. Being completely absorbed in the ugly form of love that he has for himself, he does not respect, is not able to appreciate even this attention. The egoist manifests both the jealousy of the egocentrist and the complete inability to love, which has already become the main feature of his personality. Professor Livraga's article we are citing says: "Love is bestowal, and accordingly, bestowal is a manifestation of Love ..." How to achieve that high purpose to which all genuine human relationships aspire?
True relationships and coexistence are impossible without generosity and love. They are also impossible when they are built on the basis of the egoistic feeling of a person who prevails over everything and absorbs everything, who imagines himself to be the only center of the world.
In order for true relationships to be born and for people to coexist with each other, you need to open your own heart and find in it a place, at least a little corner, for all creatures living on Earth. You need to expand your consciousness and learn to penetrate into the soul, into the innermost essence of all things, you need to feel the mysterious infinity of the Universe. You need to know all living things, learn to love and respect him. We must free ourselves from the prison of our own selfishness and show the courage to show ourselves as we are, sharing with others all the beauty that we have and that we carry in our souls.
Without justifying egocentrism and realizing that it is only the first, infantile stage of a person’s self-affirmation, we must do our best to destroy the dark roots of egoism, from which not only egocentrism is born, but also other evils and which are the most terrible obstacle to our spiritual development. No one can develop spiritually and achieve their goals if at the same time they neglect other people and remain indifferent to their problems and sufferings, to their dreams and spiritual development.
No one can achieve liberation unless he first frees himself from the shackles of selfishness that prevent him from loving and helping others. There is no Nirvana for egoists. We end our short reflections with the words of Professor Livraga:
“There is no person who would be a coward more than an egoist. And there is no person more cruel than an egoist. No one is so proud of himself and does not show his strength so much as a selfish person in his victories and triumphs. But no one is ever so pathetic and weak as an egoist in his falls.
Have you ever asked yourself the question: Who am I?» The exact answer to it should bring you into agreement with yourself. Indeed, without knowing oneself, it is hard to find a worthy place in this world, to become an active participant in this life, and not a weak-willed spectator ...
Although all this is not true for everyone. Like the question itself. They are asked only by those who are generally interested in all sorts of meanings: the meaning of life, the place of one's "I" in the world and society (yes, yes, first in the world), the meaning of daily fuss - and so on. These are people with a sound vector (for simplicity, I will call them sound engineers) - people are often difficult to communicate with, for many they are strange and "complicat" their lives.
So, if you understand what I'm talking about, you are familiar with such characteristic many sound engineers - egocentrism. It is only "I" - without others, it is only "I" - smarter than others, it is only "I" and my suffering.
Egocentrism vs Selfishness - What's the difference?
What is egocentrism anyway? Wikipedia gives a very narrow interpretation, highlighting the inability of a person to perceive someone else's point of view as the main sign of egocentrism. Big soviet encyclopedia interprets more broadly and speaks of an attitude to the world, which can be characterized as a focus on one's "I".
And yet, from these definitions it is difficult to understand what is egocentrism and what is egoism, what are their similarities and differences. Yuri Burlan's training helped me understand the nuances of meanings, once again putting everything in its place.
Egoism and egocentrism
We often confuse these concepts and find it difficult to fully decide whether these are abusive words or not. That is, being an egoist or an egocentric is bad? Or is it still good? After all, often people pronounce these seemingly “cursing” words with a touch of envy ... Let's spend comparative analysis these concepts and see how they are attractive to us on the path to prosperity and well-being.
An egoist is a person who acts in his own interests. He can be rational - act expediently, evaluating the consequences of his actions. An egoist can also be irrational - then he acts short-sightedly, obeying impulses. In one way or another, all rational beings are selfish. A person is able to show selfishness wherever possible, for example, doing charity work: giving to others, he saturates his ego. He makes himself happy. An egoist can be capable of sympathy, empathy.
An egocentric is a person who is so fixated on himself that he is completely unable to take the place of another, unable to sympathize and empathize.
Translated from Latin egocentric means "I am the center", and egoist means "I am". The root of these words is common - ego. But the difference in the meanings of the words is obvious. Actually, that's the whole difference between these two most interesting concepts - egoism and egocentrism.
How can we apply these concepts, these, in fact, states of the soul, to our advantage?
We are all connected to each other and to the rest of the world by millions of threads. All our actions - and thoughts! - affect us, our immediate environment; further, further ... and, as a result, to the whole world.
By acting or thinking in a certain way, are we guided - or are we guided? a wide variety of factors. It is the upbringing, education, beliefs and experiences of ours and our parents; our capabilities - tangible and intangible, abilities, talents. Everything we are made of. When we then evaluate our behavior, we take into account the sum of these factors. Our behavior is the result of our self-esteem. We all need positive self-esteem!
In order to evaluate ourselves correctly, in order to act and think for our own benefit, we need to know ourselves, to know what we are made of. When self-esteem is adequate - or positive (not too high or too low), behavior is rational: it moves us forward. This is our wholeness! We are one with our purpose! Then we will be able to apply this principle of the integrity of perception to others: to assess people correctly, holistically - in the sum of all the listed factors, and not just on any one basis. After all, we usually evaluate people narrowly, even if it seems to us that we know them well.
Is this way of acting - seeing the whole picture - selfish? Yes. We evaluate ourselves for ourselves, and we want to evaluate well. Is this way of acting egocentric? Yes. We evaluate others holistically - for ourselves, in order to act more rationally for our own good. When the assessment is holistic, that is, it takes into account the very huge number of factors, then we see the full picture: ourselves, others, any situation, any goal, task, and most importantly, the full picture of the result. This is how successful egoists and egocentrists behave. You have to be a pragmatic egocentric - able to take someone else's place, this one will gain more - he sees a more complete picture of what he needs to see.
Pragmatic egoists and egocentrics "fill" their ideas about themselves and others, put these ideas to their advantage, and ... the cup of their well-being and prosperity is filled and filled, and then they have a lot and can give a lot - to get even more. Then they are; then they are the center. They are good, others are good; If everyone is good, then who is bad?
Selfishness is a motivational orientation of a person, which makes him put his own interests and needs first. A selfish person never does anything without benefit to himself. Although what it is exclusively negative trait has been questionable lately. Simply, like many things in this world, everything depends on the degree of manifestation of egoism. But, let's take a closer look.
So, let's start, perhaps, with the designation of clear boundaries for the definition of egoism. Indeed, in everyday life, people often confuse this concept with similar ones. The basis of egoism is, of course, inflated self-esteem. But, this term is associated primarily with behavior that is aimed at achieving the desired result. Sometimes this desire is expressed in "victory at any cost" and "walking over corpses", but it can also take into account the needs of others, if this achieves a common benefit. That is, the egoist does not consider himself the center of the universe. Often, on the contrary, he considers himself “deprived” and therefore constantly strives for more and better. Closest of all in the concept is the phenomenon of egocentrism or selfishness. Here we are not dealing with a model of behavior, but with a setting in a kind of "anointing with God", with the specificity of human thinking.
The egocentric believes that there are two opinions: his and the wrong one. And it's not a joke. Only his ideas are correct, even if he steps on a rake for the hundredth time. He does not listen to arguments and reasoning. The universe closes on him. It is believed that such a manifestation in childhood can be the result of certain events and is significantly weakened at the age of 12 years. As for such beliefs before the age of 8, they are often considered as a completely acceptable stage in the formation of the child's personality, taking into account their leveling by the specified period. But an adult who behaves like an egocentric indicates the problems of his growing up. Apparently, in the early period he had certain traumatic events that did not allow him to adequately mature internally. Or close people (most often mothers) had a hand in this, who inspired him with certain postulates not just of personal significance, but of real super-significance.
The egocentric has a great time alone, because no one disturbs his order. Although, in real life there are people who show mixed traits.
There are also some similarities in the manifestations of egoism and egocentrism, this is the pressure on the guilt of other people. Both egoists and egocentrists are not inclined to feel guilt. Therefore, it is surprising for them to see that such a thing can so clearly affect others. Therefore, in order to be able to take advantage of people, they willingly inspire them with feelings of “inferiority”, and as a result, guilt before them. Moreover, this especially hurts close people, because it inspires the feeling that a person “does not live up to” their level. At first, such a loved one will still try to improve and learn, but seeing that any efforts lead only to another portion of criticism, he begins to doubt the correctness of such judgments. But, after all, the judgments of an egoist, and even more so an egocentrist, are a priori justice. And such relationships begin to rapidly collapse, because normal person You can't live with guilt all the time.
But, there is a difference that fundamentally distinguishes an egoist from an egocentrist - this is a positive component of these manifestations. The fact is that egoism sometimes has a rather positive aspect. Egocentrism never and under no circumstances has it.
Forms of manifestation and what is rational or healthy egoism
It is believed that selfishness is not homogeneous and has a number of forms:
- ethical egoism is actually the very egoism that makes a person act in his own interests;
- psychological egoism, which is expressed in the fact that human motivation is associated with their own interests;
- rational egoism is a statement that a person always has a fundamental priority of his own interests.
And it is precisely with the latter concept that a lot of interesting things are connected. The fact is that in our country for many years there was a certain cult of sacrifice. That is, the dominant principle was the good of society, and the personal good was, to put it mildly, in second place. However, according to many studies, this contradicts true nature person. If a small child is offered one of two slices of a pie, he will choose the larger or better one. As adults, if there are no other important components for us, we act in the same way in case of a choice - we choose the best. What can be these most additional important components? These are the needs of the people who matter to us. And here the concept of reasonable, rational or so-called "healthy" egoism enters into some conflict with its main definition. In this case, egoism is not defined as "to the detriment of others", but goes into the category of "not to the detriment of oneself." And when, when applying for a job, you are asked to indicate the estimated salary, depending on the level of your claims, the “viability” of your rational egoism also pops up.
According to modern psychologists, a share of healthy egoism is necessary in modern society. After all, it makes us feel and defend our significance. After all, as they say, you can’t praise yourself, no one will appreciate you. Reasonable selfishness makes us protest against free extra workloads; demand a raise because we have been employees of the firm for a long time and can evaluate ourselves as “the best and worthy”. Without a share of selfishness, a person is unlikely to appreciate himself that way.
There are many examples of healthy selfishness.
And finally, a person does not want to spend a lot of time warming up food, and he invents a microwave oven; wants to see his wife's hands beautiful, and invents a dishwasher and washing machine; wants to move quickly and comfortably and we have cars, planes, trains at our service, and if at the same time there is a strong desire not to breathe dirty air, electric transport is invented, the subway is rummaged, and diesel locomotives are replaced by ultra-modern electric locomotives that carry selfish passengers who require only the best service and service for their hard earned money. And thus, this most reasonable egoism becomes the engine of progress.
It is also impossible to love others without loving yourself. If every day your altruism is faced with incredible willpower, sooner or later you will begin to think that you are "not appreciated." Like "I spent my life on you, and you are ungrateful." And here the question always arises: “who asked you?”. It was your choice, so it should bring you pleasure; if at the same time you received only negative, then why did you choose (or chose) this? Often this pops up in the mother-child relationship, when mothers completely dissolve in the worries and needs of children. After all, being healthy egoists, they can additionally do what they like and be happy, then their children will be happy. And grown-up children will build their lives without leaving their mother “with nothing”, because she has her own activities. And if just all the activities were children, it becomes unbearable to let them go. After all, life loses its meaning. Children are accused of ingratitude towards parental altruism. But the aforementioned claims are not an example of him at all, but a sign of the most irrational egoism! After all, the postulate: be unhappy because I myself was unhappy because of you - this is the desire to obtain satisfaction without regard to the feelings and needs of another.
Unhealthy selfishness - a dragon with different heads
Thus, it turns out that unhealthy egoism is a very interesting and multifaceted thing. So, selfishness in relationships, when the feelings, needs and desires of the other are not taken into account, tend to end in failure. Because it is impossible for a person to constantly sacrifice without receiving anything in return. Even if someone takes pleasure in this, there still come times when help is needed, because a person can get sick, tired or get into trouble. And an irrational egoist is unlikely to want to strain at the same time.
But, there is another version of selfishness. A person seems to live for someone. For example, he provides for the same family in every possible way: he buys food, clothes and all sorts of benefits. And then he starts complaining that he was underestimated. Stop. But is it really done with concern for others? Did the person in question ask what the loved ones really want? Or are their needs just his personal opinion on it? For example, your child would rather go to an art school in the next street than go to study economics abroad; and your wife enjoyed spending time at the dacha only with you and the garden, and not at a prestigious resort. And you spend your strength and health on earning a “bag of money”, which turns out to be useless and unappreciated by anyone. But, put your hand on your heart, you earn it not for them, but because you and only you deserve the best. So much for selfishness disguised as altruism. And also the path to misunderstandings, quarrels and partings.
If a person assumes "to live for others", he consciously goes to get pleasure from doing good to someone, not wanting anything in return. That is, this behavior completely excludes envy, greed, anger and much more. But, a true altruist cannot cross a certain threshold. For example, if you go to a monastery or want to devote your life to philosophy, this is one thing. But, if it is still important for you to dress your child not in fig leaves, but in “a hundred better”, if you like to eat certain delicious dishes, and not just quinoa bread and water, then you have a share of selfishness, just in reasonable limits.
Consequences of selfishness and what to do
From point of view modern society on reasonable egoism - to develop it further. People who can value themselves achieve success. But, sometimes resentment is caused by the ability to declare this to the authorities. So it turns out that workers with the same knowledge receive different wages. Now it is clear why, within reasonable limits, it is worth being selfish?
But with true selfishness, without regard to other people, it is worth fighting. But, the problems lie in the fact that it is difficult for such an egoist to understand and accept his problem. Imagine that you have six fingers on your hand and you use them perfectly. Sometimes, however, you get confused and you can’t buy gloves, you have to freeze, but still everything is fine with you and you are unique. How can you still come to the conclusion that you don’t need the sixth finger and this is a problem that needs to be dealt with fundamentally? Of course it's hard and painful.
Estimate how many people who were close to you left you. Think about it, are you happy? After all, most egoists are not happy. And the constant delay behind the ghostly "satiation in everything" deprives them of the taste of the present day. And if so, see a psychologist. Perhaps he will help you find your triggers for forming such an attitude towards the world. And you just have to learn to notice the needs and feelings of the people still around you.
selfishness- this is a value orientation in psychology, the quality of a person, thanks to which he puts his own interests above the interests of other people, groups, collectives. An egoist will never take part in a cause that will not bring benefits to him, he does not understand the sacrificial morality of serving his neighbor. The behavior of a selfish person is completely determined and guided by the motives of personal gain, regardless of how much his benefit may cost others dearly.
Altruism and egoism are opposite concepts, and it follows from this that the egoist is focused on satisfying his own needs, while completely neglecting the interests of others and using them as a means by which selfish personal goals are achieved.
An egoist is in love with himself with all his heart, sometimes he forbids others to love him, because he considers them unworthy of his attention, so such people almost always remain lonely. A selfish type of behavior inherent in people who have too much self-confidence. When they have a certain desire to possess something, they should be served it right away and on a silver platter. They completely rule out the fact that they will not have it or that they need to wait for this for a while.
Egoism and egocentrism difference
There is also a concept similar to egoism - this is egocentrism. There is a difference in definition between the categories of egoism and egocentrism.
Egoism is a personality trait, part of its character, which manifests itself in behavior, and egocentrism is a way of thinking. The egocentrist sincerely believes in the existence of only one correct opinion, and this is his own. Only his idea has the right to exist, and he sets the rules, and he will not hear anyone else's reasoning. The center of the universe closes on the egocentric, he is the navel of the earth, he sees only himself at the head of the world, he was born with such a feeling and it can pass or more or less weaken at the age of 8-12. If an adult behaves like an egocentric, then he is “stuck” in the past, something happened and this did not allow the person to grow up.
Selfishness examples from life. Selfish people have too strong a desire to have everything, even what they will never need, but others have. Such too focused attention on one's own desires and their satisfaction, even at the most inopportune moment, inherent in small children who do not yet know what is good and what is bad, and what can be done right now, and what can cause a negative reaction in society. But terrible truth in the fact that such manifestations of egoism are inherent in both children and adults who physically have long gone beyond that age, but psychologically have not matured. They do not have a sense of satiety, and not only in food, but in all things, they are always short, always lacking. They don't just want a big piece of cake, they want the whole cake.
Human egoism has childish traits in it, but the brain of such individuals works better than it should. They always need to look for ways to get more. You need to come up with cunning tricks to get what you want. Their mind is always tense, it is directed to the calculation of ways to achieve their own benefit.
It is because of this that human egoism is considered the trigger for progress. A person is in motion, and, therefore, develops, invents, creates and achieves. It is this feature of egoism that gives it a positive connotation. If from childhood in a certain way to direct egoism in the right direction, use this energy as a motivation for achievement and at the same time teach the child moral and ethical principles, according to which it is necessary, but respecting the needs of other people, you can bring up a very purposeful person.
The problem of selfishness
Most selfish individuals do not allow anyone into their world, they experience all their inner impulses alone, and do not need outside help, but there are those who really need the presence loved one who will help, hear and understand. But, it also happens that they just need the physical presence of a person without any mental impulses. For such people, the absence of others in their lives is equal to a state of crisis. But with just anyone, they will not make acquaintances, let alone let them into their personal space. It is not easy for them to learn to trust others, they must see for themselves, understand from their own experience what a person is, and after such a strict test, they decide to trust.
The problem of egoism lies in the peculiarities of personality formation, the circumstances of its growing up, the correctness of education. At certain life stages of growing up, through the influence of adverse conditions, a person develops selfish qualities of character. Thus, manifestations of selfishness are possible at any age.
Selfishness in a relationship is a big problem, since there are two people in a couple, and they are obliged to love each other, and not one another, and the other themselves. Often behind such an excess was self-doubt, and in order to overcome it they had to work hard, and as a result of such work, they gave too much strength, and, submitting to the temptation, overdo it, and they liked this new sensation. And when such a person just found a mate, or returned to his current relationship as a completely different person, then problems begin. For a selfish person, everything seems to be normal, even better than it was, because now she knows her own worth, which means she can demand twice as much. She does not understand that such behavior interferes with building a relationship, because all the attention and care is given to only one person. A couple is a couple, if there are two people in it, then the initiative should come from everyone.
Selfishness in relationships breaks families and destinies of people. But if a person values relationships, he will work on himself and be able to change.
Selfishness is considered a problem in the sense that a person who spends life energy on himself often does not notice how he poisons the lives of others, not heeding their needs, he will never be able to feel the joy of a selfless act for others.
egoism and altruism. If we compare altruism and egoism, we can single out a common idea in them - the value of a person. But in altruism, the needs of others are respected and selfless acts are done for their benefit, while in egoism a person respects himself and realizes his personal needs.
A sense of selfishness can alternate with altruism, depending on what life has brought lessons. A person could one day do a selfless good deed, and in return receive misunderstanding and condemnation of his act. Then a protection mechanism is activated in him and from that moment he will begin to do good deeds only for himself. There is also his mistake here, since it is impossible to generalize all cases, there are sincere grateful people in the world who will appreciate the deed, you cannot be so immediately disappointed in people. There is a problem in society associated with the rejection of either selfish selfish acts or sacrificial altruistic ones. Selfish actions are condemned for catering to the needs of one person, and in altruism they try to find a catch.
Reasonable selfishness
There is a theory of rational egoism. A person who is inherent in reasonable egoism defends his opinion, refuses the point of view that is imposed, since it can be detrimental to the individual. He's willing to compromise if it's a way out conflict situation. If he feels a threat to himself or his loved ones, he uses all possible methods of protection.
A person with reasonable egoism will never obey others, this is below his dignity, but he also does not allow himself to lead the lives of others, and does not do this even if he can use it. If there is a question of choice, then healthy egoism suggests that it is necessary to make it for personal benefit and not indulge in feelings of guilt.
Reasonable egoism pays attention not only to one's own needs, but also to the needs of other people so that the satisfaction of one's own does not hurt the interests of others. It is necessary to express your opinion, even if it is the opposite of the opinion of everyone else. You can express your criticism of others, but without sinking to the level of insults. Act according to your own principles, but also respect the wishes and comments of the partner. Man next healthy selfishness, has a special mindset, thanks to which he understands life better. When it comes to material things, a person does not get hung up on the fullness of his own benefit. He tries to get his own, but at the same time, without going over the heads, and without causing suffering to others, he is inclined to cooperate and find compromises. It has more ethical principles than selfish impulses.
A person who is engaged in self-improvement does it personally for himself; accordingly, other people do not interfere in this. But in this self-improvement, he can go very far, he can begin to teach others how to live, here the line between reasonable and ordinary egoism is already washed away a little.
Egoism is the antonym for this word altruist. Reasonable egoism is also altruism.
An example of reasonable selfishness. When a person does selfless useful activity, the result is joy and happiness. Since this happiness was calculated on, the person who did this act also shows joy, which means that the goal has been achieved. All of this is just good.
Every person is really selfish to some extent, because he must take care of himself every day: eat, sleep, dress, earn money, spend it primarily on himself. This is absolute reasonable selfishness. Working on your body, developing your brain, working on your spiritual essence is also a reasonable egoism that benefits everyone.
Examples of selfishness
Each person can name examples of selfishness from the life of their loved ones, or their own. Almost every person has such an ardent egoist in his circle of acquaintances. His rhinestone can be calculated, in principle he does not hide, but on the contrary, he tries to be in front of everyone.
An egoist is a very prudent person, before he takes up a business, he will think how beneficial it is for him, what fruits his participation will bring to him, and, after weighing all the pros and cons, he agrees to the business or not. He does not make quick decisions in business.
Almost all conversations with him will be one way or another, but it necessarily comes down to his personality, a discussion of his successful past and luck in the present. The egoist recognizes the existence of only his own opinion. He cannot even imagine that the opinion of others, even much more experienced people than he himself is, can be true. If circumstances force him, he will be able to find a way out, but only through the efforts of others, or completely unfairly accuses them. He is not at all interested in the intrigues or problems of others, he lives quietly for himself, as long as nothing affects him.
Examples of selfishness from life. Possessing the techniques of manipulation, he makes others yield to him. If he is offered a compromise, he refuses it and waits for the person to give up. Selfish individuals often love to give advice on how to live right, although they themselves are far from being role models. In any case, they find a benefit, or frankly, without ulterior motives, demands it. You can also give examples of selfishness from life behind the characteristic external features of this type of people.
manifestations of selfishness. The egoist is very concerned about his appearance, he looks at himself and admires. And in order to be beautiful all the time for himself, and for others too, he needs a lot of time to pay attention to himself in front of the mirror. Almost always, selfish people are the most attractive people, obsessed with their body, they cannot stop admiring their appearance and know that others like them. To emphasize their beautiful appearance, they dress very stylishly, sometimes even shockingly. A selfish person always tries to make a good impression, therefore he uses good manners in his behavior, tries to create the impression of a well-mannered person. Also, a selfish person is distinguished from others by his lexicon, he ripples with phrases: “the end justifies the means”, “everything is possible for me”, “I am much better”, “I am the most ...”, “I have”, “I want”, “for me " and so on.
Selfishness in life. Selfish individuals can apply the features of their character, working in power structures, the police, military affairs, business, cosmetology.
Examples of egoism in literature. Scarlett "Gone with the Wind" Margaret Mitchell, Vronsky "Anna Karenina" L. Tolstoy, Dorian Gray "The Picture of Dorian Gray" O. Wilde and others.
very famous and a prime example egoism can serve Grushnitsky "Hero of Our Time" M.Yu. Lermontov. The author himself believes that Grushnitsky is low and false. The hero does everything against himself. He wants to feel what he cannot feel, tries to achieve something, but not what he truly needs.
He wants to be hurt, wants to be just a soldier who, at the same time, unhappy in love, wants to despair. He dreams about it, but fate disposes differently, saving his soul from life's upheavals. If he fell in love, and the girl did not reciprocate, he would be disappointed in love and close his heart forever. He so desired to become an officer, but having received news of the production, he forever abandons his former costume, which he loved so much, as it turned out in words.
Examples of manifestation of selfishness show that the problem exists, and many people become unhappy because of their own unreason. And if you come to your senses, look at your life and learn a lesson from it, then you can change, get rid of selfishness, because it does not promise happiness, but only breaks human hearts and destinies.
