Materials for preparing for the exam in the Russian language. Materials for preparing for the exam in the Russian language Pass the exam in the Russian language

At the end of May, 11th grade graduates will face a rather difficult test - USE in Russian language 2017. This exam is considered mandatory, the same as mathematics, so everyone will have to take it without exception. To date, the main task for eleventh graders is timely preparation for the test so that the certificate is not spoiled by a bad grade. In addition, a high score for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language opens the door to the most prestigious universities countries.

Most students, assuming that tests in the Russian language are not as difficult as mathematics or physics, are completely unprepared for the subject and, as a result, receive insufficient high scores. It must be remembered that the exam covers not only materials for grade 11, but also topics from previous years of study. In addition, the exam includes such tasks that require extraordinary thinking. As you can see, the Russian language is not such an easy subject, and given the future, predicted for 2017, it will become even more difficult.

What should be prepared for?

The fact that tests in the Russian language are waiting for a number of innovations has been said more than once. For many years, scientists and teachers have been developing an optimal knowledge testing system that could reflect the real knowledge of students. In 2017, the Unified State Examination in the Russian language is planned to introduce oral part. This has already been stated by Lyudmila Verbitskaya (head Russian Academy education).

At this stage, all the necessary transformations have already been developed. It remains only to understand how to rationally use them in this.

Until 2017, all students of general education schools took the Russian language in writing. test form, which was in the forms, of course, is a good thing, but it is not able to reflect the real knowledge of graduates, because they can simply guess the answer. But what about punctuation or spelling? Tests are not able to thoroughly show the literacy of the student.

The oral exam will help to identify gaps in knowledge, the ability to accurately express one's thoughts, put sentences out of words and lead a narrative that is understandable to examiners.

In our time, the correct staging of speech is extremely important, especially in sectors of the economy. Any leader should be able to formulate tasks for subordinates, be able to express thoughts and convey their ideas to others. Just for this, every student must learn spelling, as well as learn the basics of oratory.

The oral block is far from all the changes that await the Russian language exam. In the upcoming 2017, officials intend to introduce a grading system for a control essay. Recall that at the moment for the manifestation creativity and the ability to logically build their own thoughts, the student received simply “pass” or “fail”.

Lyudmila Verbitskaya considers this an unfair approach, especially for those students who can show the level of their knowledge through an essay. Only the introduction of a clear assessment scale will help to clearly recognize the level of preparedness of the student and form a clear objective view of the exam.

Dates

Early exams will begin on May 25, 2017. Just during this period, eleventh-graders will be able to pass the Russian language. The main tests are scheduled for May 30. Retake for those who “flunked” the subject or want to increase their grade, there will be an opportunity to pass re-exam 27th of June. The reserve days are April 15 and September 24.

Conducting the exam in the Russian language

To cope with all the tasks, students are given an hour. In the allotted time, it is necessary to solve all two blocks, which include 24 questions. The first block consists of questions that must be answered numerically or verbally. On the second form, students must write an essay on a given topic.

Evaluation scale

Back in 2015, for this test, you could get a “pass / fail”. Since 2016, points have appeared, the amount of which depended on the number of correct answers. From the table below, you can find out the exact number of points that you can get for a particular question.

The second part of the exam requires the student to show creativity and fluency in Russian. Note that essays are graded in a special way, so you will not surprise the examiner with one grammar.

For a correctly completed second part of the exam, the student can earn 25 points. In general, for two blocks, the graduate will earn 57 points, to which points are added according to other criteria. Given that the knowledge assessment system is 100 points, in order to understand what grade a student has earned, it is enough to refer to this scheme:

  • 0 - 24 - "two"
  • 25 - 57 - "troika"
  • 58 - 71 - "four"
  • from 72 - “five”

Note that minimal amount points for admission to a university is only 36 points, but to obtain a certificate it is enough to score 24 points.

Materials for preparing for the exam in the Russian language

Now a mass of literature is published annually, which helps future graduates prepare for the exam. In addition, for general access on the official website of FIPI, a lot of additional materials, namely:

  1. Demo version of the exam
  2. Task forms
  3. Training compilations
  4. Video consultations

Among the most optimal literature for preparation, it is worth highlighting the manual from the author Tsybulko I.P.

In 2017, all the main characteristics of the examination paper as a whole will be preserved.


It is supposed to expand the language material to complete assignments 17, 22, 23.

Task 17 tests the ability of examinees to isolate constructions that are not grammatically related to the sentence. Punctuation in introductory constructions is traditionally difficult for examinees due to the need to distinguish syntactically fundamentally different phenomena, while often semantically similar (for example, “however” is an introductory word and conjunction). The heterogeneity and multiplicity of the group of introductory and plug-in constructions, the variety of their typed meanings and shades prevent students from successfully mastering this punctuation topic. Without having mastered the composition of a large group of these words and the features of their semantics, without learning to distinguish introductory words and phrases from the members of the sentence, students turn to the intonational features of such units: the examinees consider the only clue intonation emphasis potential introductory words, which is wrong, and not always the intonational construction may indicate the presence of an introductory construction in the sentence. The conclusion about the status of a unit as an input is correct only if it meets all the requirements for such linguistic phenomena. It is the "incompleteness" of grammatical and punctuation analysis that leads to errors in the qualification of introductory units and the punctuation marks for them.

In 2017, it is planned to expand the language material of this task by adding separate calls to this topic. It should be noted that both prose and verse text can be used as the language material involved in the task. A participant in the 2017 exam, completing task 17, may encounter different language material. In this case, the wording of the task will remain the same.

The expansion of the language material in task 22, which is focused on testing the ability to conduct a lexical analysis of a word in context and allows assessing such important skills of students as the ability to adequately understand the written speech of other people, the ability to correlate a linguistic phenomenon with the meaning that it receives in the text, will be in that the specified phenomenon in the source text can be represented not in singular. So, a request to write out a phraseological unit from the text does not mean that there is only one phraseological unit in the indicated fragment, there may be several. The task is to write only one. Such a change is dictated by the negative impact of the situation when the exam participant is aimed at finding only one answer.

As already noted, the results of the exam showed that the section related to the analysis of the structure of the text, the clarification of the ways and means of connecting sentences, which is manifested in part 2 of the work as a violation of the logic of the development of thought, remains insufficiently learned. Task 23 in 2017 involves both one and several answers. It is planned to change the wording of this assignment.

(20) For whole days he lay in the glades and examined flowers and herbs with curiosity. (21) Berg collected wild rose berries and fragrant juniper, carefully examined the autumn leaves. (22) At sunset, flocks of cranes flew over the lake to the south with a cooing. (23) Berg for the first time felt a stupid resentment: the cranes seemed to him traitors. (24) They abandoned this desert, forest and solemn land without regret, full of nameless lakes and impassable thickets.

(25) It rained in September. (26) Yartsev was about to leave. (27) Berg got angry. (28) How could you leave in the midst of this extraordinary autumn? (29) Berg now felt the departure of Yartsev in the same way as the cranes had once departed - it was a betrayal. (30) What? (31) Berg could hardly answer this question. (32) Treason to forests, lakes, autumn, finally, to the warm sky, which drizzled with frequent rain.

- (33) I'm staying, - Berg said sharply. - (34) I want to write this autumn.

(35) Yartsev left. (36) The next day, Berg woke up from the sun. (37) Light shadows of the branches trembled on the clean floor, and a quiet blue spilled outside the door. (38) Berg met the word "shine" only in the books of poets, considered it pretentious and devoid of a clear meaning. (39) But now he understood how accurately this word conveys that special light that comes from the September sky and the sun.

The topic that, perhaps, most of all worried future school graduates was the possible introduction of a third compulsory subject at the Unified State Examination. As possible "candidates" were named the most miscellaneous items from history to physics.


However, all significant innovations in the USE-2017 should have been announced on the official FIPI website before the start of the academic year and, of course, reflected in the draft exam schedule. But there is no official news about the "third compulsory" at the beginning of the school year. Therefore, eleventh-graders can breathe a sigh of relief: the list of compulsory subjects for the USE-2017 does not change, there are still two of them:



  • Russian language(the results of which are taken into account when entering all universities of the country without exception);


  • mathematics– basic or profile level to choose from.

Nevertheless, the issue of the third mandatory exam continues to be discussed - but, as representatives of the Ministry of Education assured, a decision would be made only after public comment. And it won't happen right now.

USE in the Russian language - 2017: changes in individual tasks

The structure of the task in the Russian language will remain unchanged: a block of tasks with short answers and an essay analyzing the problems posed in the journalistic or literary text proposed by the examiner. The appearance of the oral part of speech has not yet been discussed. In the future, "speaking" may appear in the Unified State Examination in Russian, however, representatives of the Ministry of Education stipulated that this technology would be preliminary "run-in" at the Unified State Examination in the classrooms.


In 2017, changes in the Unified State Examination in the Russian language are planned only in three tasks, and they will not be very significant. In all cases, we are talking about expanding the language material:



  • in task number 17(in sentences that include separate constructions) not only introductory words will be presented, but also appeals;


  • in task number 22(lexical in context) examinees used to have to find in a given fragment only one word or expression (for example, a phraseological phrase) that meets the criteria of the task. Now the task becomes more complicated: from several “suitable” lexical units, you will have to choose the one that most accurately meets the conditions of the task.


  • in task 23(write out the numbers of sentences related to the previous ones in a certain way) now both one and several correct answers are possible. That is, the student needs to find all such sentences in the passage and enter either one or several numbers in the form.

Unified State Examination in Mathematics -2017: profile and basic exam unchanged

In the USE in mathematics, the division into two levels is preserved:


  • a relatively simple basic exam with a score on a five-point scale, which mainly tests knowledge in the field of the so-called "" and the results of which are not accepted for admission to a university and are only needed to obtain a certificate;


  • profile - much more complex, focused on those graduates who plan to enter technical universities, where mathematics is a compulsory subject for admission.

According to official data published on the FIPI website, no changes are planned in any of the exams compared to 2016. However, students who have chosen a profile level, when preparing for the Unified State Examination in mathematics, should keep in mind that the compilers of the exam have set a course to counter "coaching" for solving problems of a certain type. And tasks of increased complexity may turn out to be non-standard: not going beyond school course, but requiring "mathematical ingenuity".


In 2016, the presence in the variants of tasks that differed in the solution algorithm from the variants presented in the demo versions came as a surprise to many and caused protests and demands to revise the results. However, the developers of the exam made their position quite clear: one of the main USE functions is the differentiation of students according to the level of knowledge, and students who have perfectly mastered the full school course of mathematics are more prepared to study the subject at the university level and should have advantages over those who have simply trained to solve problems of a given type. So, most likely, "non-standard" tasks in mathematics in 2017 will also be included in the KIM.

USE in social studies: small changes in the structure

The USE in social studies in 2017 will generally correspond to the model of 2016:


  • block of tasks with short answers;

  • block of tasks with detailed answers;

  • "alternative" task - writing an essay on the topic of one of the proposed statements.

However, minor changes are planned in the block of tasks with short answers. The task that appeared in the KIMs of 2016 under number 19 (differentiation of facts, opinions and value judgments) will be excluded from it. But there will be one more task on the module "law": the choice of correct judgments from the lists, which will be the seventeenth in a row.


The total number of jobs and the maximum primary score in the exam in the most popular elective subject will remain unchanged.

Unified State Examination in Physics 2017: significant changes, exclusion of the test part

The Unified State Examination in Physics in 2017 will be one of the three subjects that have undergone the most significant changes: and from the structure of the exam is completely excluded test part , implying the choice of one correct answer from a list of options. Instead, there will be much expanded set of tasks with short answers(in the form of a word, a number, or a sequence of numbers). At the same time, the distribution of tasks by sections of the school course will remain approximately the same as in previous years. In total, the first block of the exam will have 21 questions:


  • 7 - in mechanics,

  • 5 - in thermodynamics and MKT,

  • 6 - in electrodynamics,

  • 3 - in quantum physics.

The second part of the examination paper (problems with detailed answers) will remain unchanged. The primary score on the exam in physics will also remain at the level of last year.


Unified State Examination in Literature -2017: structure unchanged, but more questions on knowledge of the text

By 2018 USE year in literature, cardinal changes are expected: FIPI plans to completely eliminate the block of tasks with short answers, leaving only four mini-essays and one full-fledged one. But in 2017, the literature exam will be held according to the old, already familiar model:


  • the first semantic block is an excerpt from an epic or dramatic work, 7 questions with short answers and two mini-essays on it;

  • the second block is a lyrical work, 5 questions on it with short answers and two mini-compositions;

  • the third is a detailed essay (choice of three topics).

However, if in 2016 most of the questions with short answers were focused primarily on testing knowledge of the basic literary terms, then in 2017 these tasks will be aimed primarily at knowledge of the realities of the text. Thus, “stepping over the threshold” only on the knowledge of a small amount of theory will no longer work.


One more feature of the examination in literature should be noted. In accordance with the rules, not only poems included in school curriculum. If the poet is included in the codifier, any of his poems can be offered for analysis. And this is legitimate - since mini-essays on a poetic passage should demonstrate the ability of the examiner to analyze the text on their own, and not remember the corresponding paragraph of the textbook. In 2016, "non-program" poems appeared in many versions of KIMs, and this trend is likely to continue in 2017.

Unified State Examination in Biology - radical changes in 2017, exclusion of the test part and increase in duration

The USE model in biology in 2017 will change fundamentally: from the assignment the “test” component will be completely excluded(questions with a choice of one correct answer from four proposed options), but the number of tasks with short answers will be increased.


In the control and measuring materials will appear Fundamentally new types of assignments for the Unified State Examination in Biology, among which:


  • restoring missing elements in tables or diagrams;

  • analysis of graphs, charts and tables;

  • search for errors in the designations in the figure;

  • derivation of the properties of a biological object from a "blind" image (without signatures).

Nevertheless, the developers of the exam believe that the updated exam in biology will not cause significant difficulties for students: many types of tasks have already been tested on the exam. The number of questions with detailed answers will not change - there will still be seven of them, and the types of questions will correspond to the 2016 model.


Changing the structure of the exam will entail a number of changes in the procedure and assessment scale:


  • the total number of tasks will decrease from 40 to 28;

  • the primary score is reduced to 59 (in 2017 it was 61);

  • the time to complete the work is increased by half an hour, the duration of the exam will be 210 minutes.

Unified State Examination in a foreign language - practically unchanged

Unified State Examination foreign languages in 2017 will be held in much the same way as in 2016, with one exception. The wording of task number 3 in the oral part of the exam (description of the picture) will be changed. As FIPI experts note, when describing images, examinees sometimes abuse “imaginary circumstances”, claiming, for example, that their relatives (including wives and children) or themselves are depicted here (“I am an astronaut and soar in weightlessness”). This is in conflict with the objective of this task, which tests the ability to fully and accurately describe a particular photograph.


Therefore, the task will be clarified. So, in the exam English language in 2017, the word Imagine is excluded from the wording, and the word present is changed to describe. Similar changes will be made to the KIM in other foreign languages ​​- so that it is clear that we are talking about a description of a picture, and not a “story based on motives”.

USE in Chemistry-2017: significant changes, exclusion of the test part

The USE model in chemistry in 2017 is also waiting for significant changes related to the exclusion of the test part - and increase in the number and types of tasks with short answers. Among them will appear, for example:


  • tasks with the choice of two correct options from several proposed,

  • compliance questions,

  • calculation tasks.

Will change and structure of the first part exam: it will include several thematic blocks dedicated to one of the sections - and each block will contain tasks of both basic and advanced levels of complexity. The second part of the examination work (tasks with detailed answers) will remain almost the same as in previous years.


Wherein:


  • the total number of tasks will decrease from 40 to 34;

  • the maximum primary score will decrease from 64 to 60;

  • assignments No. 9 and 17 (relationship between organic and inorganic substances) will no longer be evaluated in one primary score, but in two.

USE in history - small changes in the assessment system

In 2017, the history exam will be almost completely identical to last year's options. However, there will be changes in the grading system: the “cost” of two tasks will increase from one primary score to two:



  • task number 3(selection of terms relating to a particular historical period);


  • task number 8(selection of missing expressions from the list of suggested options).

In addition, the wording and evaluation criteria for task No. 25 (an essay dedicated to one of the historical periods) will be clarified.

Unified State Examination in Informatics and ICT in 2017 - without computers, without changes

Structure and technology conducting the exam in Informatics and ICT in 2017 will fully comply with examination model 2016. There is also no talk about the use of computers by examinees - although this idea (taking into account the specifics of the subject - absolutely logical) is being actively discussed, this year's graduates will again have to work with traditional forms.


When preparing for the exam, you should not lose sight of some features of control and measuring materials:


  • task No. 27 is given in two versions, one of which is simpler and is estimated at 2 points, the second - at 4;

  • to write the program in task 27, you can use any programming language of the choice of the examiner.

USE in geography: small changes in the assessment system

No adjustments will be made to the geography test materials in 2017, however, the "weight" of individual tasks will change: the maximum score for four tasks will be increased, and for four more - reduced.


So, from one primary score to two, the cost of tasks No. 3, 11, 14 and 15 will increase (all - to determine and choose from the list of correct statements).


From two points to one "discounted" the following tasks:



  • 9 (accommodation of the population of Russia, work with the map),


  • 12 (distinguishing between true and false statements about urban and rural populations);


  • 13 (geography of transport, industries and agriculture of Russia);


  • 19 (export and international transport).

The maximum primary score remained unchanged at 47.

Official information about changes in the passing of the Unified State Examination-2017

All official documents related to the passing of the exam are promptly published on the website of the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements (FIPI). There is also a summary table of changes, however, in order to get a complete impression of the “new trends” in the examination company, this is not enough - the information in the table is very concise and refers only to fundamental changes.


To be aware of all the details passing the exam in 2017 first-hand, you can also:



  • get acquainted with the projects of KIM USE current year and carefully study the structure of the examination paper;


  • explore guidelines for teachers compiled at the end of 2016 - typical mistakes of last year's graduates are analyzed in detail and the planned changes are “chewed” and justified.


The authors of the articles are professional tutors I.M. Khrapova, T.V. Vorontsova and O.V. Gushchina

How to prepare for the exam in the Russian language? So you open a collection of typical test tasks for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language and understand that you managed to forget something, but you didn’t hear about something at all. Then you pick up a voluminous manual and understand that you don’t know on which page, in which section to look for information. How to combine theory and practice?

We offer you a short and effective path to success. We have analyzed for you separately each task of the exam in the Russian language. In each article you will find theoretical material that contains only what is necessary and sufficient to complete the USE assignments in Russian. we give you an algorithm for completing exam tasks. We will tell you what traps you can expect in a particular task. The material to be learned by heart is presented in the form of hint tables.

Take the test questions in order, from 1 to 26. You will notice that in subsequent tasks you build on the knowledge gained earlier. Consider our materials as a guide-instruction, constantly refer to them when you decide USE tests In Russian.

What is the Unified State Examination in the Russian Unified State Examination. What are the requirements and criteria. What is KIM?

December essay on the Unified State Examination in the Russian language 2019-2020

How to prepare for the December essay - 2018?

Video course on Russian language and literature "December composition 2014".

This course describes the most winning topics of the December essay and reveals the technology of writing it. You will learn how to get guaranteed and with minimal time high results on the essay.
The author of the video course is the leading teacher of the Russian language and literature of the EGE-Studio company, candidate of philological sciences Tatyana Vladimirovna Vorontsova.

The USE in Russian consists of two parts and 25 tasks.

First part represents 24 tasks. They can be test, the choice of one or more answers, open type (enter the pass yourself).

The answer to the tasks of part 1 is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a number (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers) written without spaces, commas and other additional characters.

Part 1 assignments test graduates' learning educational material both on base and high levels difficulty (tasks 7, 23–24).

Second part - consists of one task - 25. This task involves writing an essay based on the read and analyzed text.

The task of part 2 (task 25 - composition) can be completed by the examinee at any level of complexity (basic, advanced, high).

210 minutes - 3.5 hours are given for work.

Distribution of tasks by parts of the examination paper

Parts of work Number of tasks Maximum primary score Job type
1 part 24 33 Short answer
part 2 1 24 Detailed response
Total 25 57

Scattering by tasks

Below I will give the "cost" of each task performed.

For the correct completion of each task first part (except tasks 1, 7, 15 and 24) the examiner receives 1 point each. For an incorrect answer or its absence, 0 points are set.

For completing tasks 1 and 15, from 0 to 2 points can be set.

The answer is considered correct if it contains all the numbers from the standard and there are no other numbers.

Task 7 can be assigned from 0 to 5 points.

For each correctly indicated digit corresponding to the number from the list, the examinee receives 1 point (5 points: no errors; 4 points: one mistake was made; 3 points: two mistakes were made; 2 points: two numbers are correctly indicated; 1 point: correctly indicated only one number 0 points: completely wrong answer, i.e. wrong sequence of numbers or none.

Task 24 can be assigned from 0 to 4 points. The answer is considered correct if it contains all the numbers from the standard and there are no other numbers.

The maximum number of points that an examinee can receive if he correctly completed the task second part , is 24 points.

For the correct completion of all tasks of the examination paper, you can get the maximum 57 primary points .

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