September 12th, 2017 risusan7

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"Independence of writing the final essay (statement)"
The final essay is done independently. It is not allowed to copy the composition (fragments of the composition) from any source or reproduction from memory of someone else's text (the work of another participant, a text published in paper and (or) electronic form, etc.).

How often do we hear: "Do not be indifferent, do not pass by someone else's misfortune"? We are so accustomed to these words that their meaning has faded somewhat, it has become another hackneyed truth that everyone knows, but few fully understand. For a modern person, it is customary to be indifferent to everything that is outside the circle of his usual concerns. However, why only modern, if philosophers and writers of the past thought about the problem of indifference? So, Chekhov's famous quote appeared at the end of the 19th century.

More than a century later, the words of the classic are still relevant. Yes, indifference is, of course, paralysis of the soul. A man indifferent to others died in his lifetime. Let us recall, for example, Pechorin from the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov Grigory Alexandrovich is a cold and prudent person who does not care about the suffering of the people around him. He is not interested in the fate of the unfortunate Bela: as soon as Pechorin achieves the love of a proud Circassian, the hero loses interest in her and the girl dies. In the course of the story, we learn about the tragedies caused by the indifferent egoist Pechorin: the death of Grushnitsky, the deceit of Princess Mary, the torment of his beloved Vera ... But Grigory Alexandrovich himself understands that he is a “moral cripple”, therefore he does not value his life. We can say that the indifference of Lermontov's hero is really a paralysis of the soul, which led to premature death, first metaphorical, as a friend and lover, and then to the actual one, when Pechorin deliberately leaves for Persia, where he is destined to die.

Let us also turn to the story of N.V. Gogol, whose hero is faced with the "paralysis of the soul" of others. Quiet and good-natured Akaki Akakievich, denying himself everything, finally became the owner of the long-awaited new overcoat. When the robbers removed his new clothes from Bashmachkin, the unrequited official seeks protection and help from a significant person. But the general "scolds" the unfortunate man and drives him away, "after which Petersburg was left without Akaky Akakievich, as if he had never been in it." The death of a poor lonely official is another sad consequence of human indifference.

Direction " Indifference and responsiveness"is included in the list of topics for the final essay for the 2017/18 academic year.

Below are examples and Additional materials to develop the theme of indifference and responsiveness in the final essay.

FIPI commentary on the essay in the direction of "Indifference and responsiveness"

Subject directions "Indifference and responsiveness" orients schoolchildren to awareness of the diversity of forms of a person's relationship to the people around him and to the world as a whole.

These relationships can be expressed in the form of indifference to others, unwillingness to pay attention and sympathy to a stranger, or vice versa - in the form of frank empathy for someone, the ability to sincerely rejoice at someone's successes and achievements.

Both hypostases of human relations are presented in the literature. On the one hand, we meet selfless heroes who are ready to respond to other people's hardships and joys, and on the other hand, selfish, proud and indifferent characters who are only concerned about their own fate.

An example of a final essay on the topic Indifference and responsiveness

You can live your life differently. Pass with a zealous step over the heads of enemies, friends, strangers and loved ones. Or do what you can to help relatives, pay attention to the lonely, take care of the house, the street, the city ... and, of course, for your country.

Be an egoist, only care about yourself - or feel, support, empathize? Despite the obviousness of the answer, everything is somewhat more complicated than it seems.

Science has proven that only a psychopath - a person with an obvious psychiatric disorder - can be absolutely indifferent and not feel sorry for others. These people basically do not understand feelings. Gradually, they master the language of spiritual sensations, moods and emotions. But for them this language is "non-native", it is needed only to manipulate other people. Even their own children and parents have no spiritual value for individuals suffering from psychopathy. And this is perhaps the most exhaustive and absolute manifestation of indifference.

AT real life indifferent people, of course, do not have such radical character traits. Ordinary indifference is selfishness, indifference, indifference of a person. This is a focus solely on one's own interests, one's own benefit, one's opinion. Such people do not want to help, sympathize, support or approve.

In my opinion, the main problem of the correlation between the categories of indifference and responsiveness is that these character traits have a deep subconscious context. An indifferent person can be explained that to sympathize, support and help other people is good, positive, creation and love. All this is quite understandable for an indifferent person, but she is controlled by completely different thoughts and motives - achieving her own goals, ensuring personal comfort, obtaining her own benefit. An indifferent person accepts all the previously listed synonyms for responsiveness only if it turns out to be beneficial for him. It is this attitude towards others, this way of thinking that forms the basis of a selfish personality. It is almost impossible to change such a person.

The opposite of indifference is responsiveness. This is a character trait that manifests itself in compassion, sympathy, sympathy, good nature and attentive attitude to the lives of others. A sympathetic person will not be able to pass by someone in need of help. His soul is open, he sincerely empathizes and rejoices for friends, relatives and loved ones. And this brings him true satisfaction and fills him with spiritual strength.

Responsiveness is a positive and creative property of a person. It is an integral component of social interaction and the progressive development of society. This is one of the most important features due to which human civilization progresses.

Returning to the previously voiced thesis about the low probability of eradicating indifference, it is worth recognizing that responsiveness is a much less stable and indestructible trait of a person. Under the yoke of life's hardships and disappointments, anger and aggression of others - the sensitivity of the soul becomes stale, sincerity and frankness are replaced by distrust, and sympathy - by hypocrisy. That is why it is so important to form and constantly improve responsiveness in our heart, to practice goodness in deeds, and in thoughts - openness, sensitivity and empathy.

Theses and arguments for an essay on the topic Indifference and responsiveness

1. Indifference and responsiveness to people (outsiders or relatives; friends or opponents; just to those who need help or support). It would be appropriate to consider an indifferent attitude to other people's troubles and indifference to success. It will be interesting to compare and contrast the heroes literary works- philanthropists and misanthropes, egoists and good-natured sensitive characters).

The theme of indifference in love deserves special attention. Indifference and unrequited feelings are a favorite subject of popular fiction.

2. Indifference and responsiveness to the surrounding world, animate and inanimate nature.

3. Indifference and "responsiveness of the soul" to aesthetic values, art and beauty.

4. Indifference and responsiveness as two extremes of human nature. Here you can analyze the forms of extreme manifestation of these properties: indifference - in fatal egoism and indifference, and responsiveness - in fanaticism. A person inclined to help in a row, forgetting about himself, often literally "puts on his neck" the object of his care. AT fiction As in life, there are plenty of such examples. (For example, A.P. Chekhov’s “Scum” or even A.S. Pushkin’s Tale of a Fish and a Fish).

Topics of the final essay in the direction "Indifference and responsiveness"

An approximate list of essay topics in this direction.

What does it mean to be "responsive"?

What does it mean to be "indifferent"?

What is the danger of indifference?

How do you understand the words of A.V. Suvorova: “How painful is indifference to oneself!”?

Do no good - you will not get evil. Can responsiveness lead to disappointment?

Is it necessary to learn responsiveness and empathy?

Can an indifferent person be called selfish?

What is the relationship between kindness and kindness?

Do you agree with the statement that " healthy selfishness» useful?

What life lessons help develop responsiveness?

Is it always necessary to be responsive?

What leads to indifference to nature?

Do you agree that indifference "corrodes the soul" of a person?

Should we fight injustice?

What is stronger - indifference or responsiveness?

Responsiveness to oneself implies indifference to others?

False responsiveness and sincere indifference.

Self-forgetful responsiveness and dependency.

Approval, admiration, support or hypocrisy?

Is it possible to make a sympathetic person out of an indifferent person, and an indifferent person out of a sympathetic one?

Is indifference just selfishness and indifference, or is it also heartlessness, malice and malevolence?

Is indifference already misanthropy or just opportunism?

Quotes for the final essay in the direction "Indifference and responsiveness"

They say that philosophers and true sages are indifferent. It is not true, indifference is paralysis of the soul, premature death. | Quote author: A.P. Chekhov |;

Don't feel sorry for yourself. Only primitive people sympathize with themselves. | Quote by: H. Murakami |;

Do not be afraid of enemies - in the worst case, they can kill you.

Do not be afraid of friends - in the worst case, they can betray you.

Fear the indifferent - they do not kill and do not betray, but only with their tacit consent does betrayal and murder exist on earth. | Quote author: B. Yasenskiy |;

The worst sin in relation to one's neighbor is not hatred, but indifference; this is truly the pinnacle of inhumanity. | Quote by: Bernard Shaw |;

Sympathy is indifference superlatives. | Quote from Don Aminado |;

Indifference to painting is a universal and enduring phenomenon. | Quote from Van Gogh |;

How painful is indifference to oneself! | Quote author: A.V. Suvorov |;

I always believe and will continue to believe so in the future that indifference to injustice is betrayal and meanness. | Quote author: O. Mirabeau |;

Do not be indifferent, for indifference is deadly to the human soul. | Quote author: Maxim Gorky |;

Coldness is a consequence not only of a sober conviction that one is right, but also of an unprincipled indifference to the truth. | Quote by: Ch. Lam |;

When a person is so wounded that he is unable to show generosity, at these moments he especially needs sympathy and support.

You love everyone, and to love everyone is to love no one. You are all equally indifferent. | Quote author: O. Wilde |;

Where moderation is a mistake, there indifference is a crime. | Quote author: G. Lichtenberg |;

There is nothing more dangerous than a person who is alien to the human, who is indifferent to the fate of his native country, to the fate of his neighbor. | Quote author: M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin |;

An ungrateful son is worse than someone else's: he is a criminal, since the son has no right to be indifferent to his mother. | Quote by Guy de Maupassant |;

One very talented writer, in response to my complaint that I did not find sympathy with criticism, wisely answered me: “You have an essential flaw that will close all doors to you: you cannot talk to a fool for two minutes him to understand that he is a fool. | Quote author: E. Zola |;

Indifference is a serious disease of the soul. | Quote author: A. de Tocqueville |;

The eagle gaze of passions penetrates into the misty abyss of the future, but indifference is blind and stupid from birth. | Quote author: K. A. Helvetius |;

It is easy to hide hatred, it is difficult to hide love, and most difficult is indifference. | Quote author: K.L. Burne |;

The most unforgivable sin in relation to one's neighbor is not hatred, but indifference. Indifference is the essence of inhumanity. | Quote by J. Shaw |;

Egoism is the root cause of cancer of the soul. | Quote author: V. A. Sukhomlinsky |;

Family selfishness is crueler than personal selfishness. A person who is ashamed to sacrifice the blessings of another for himself alone considers it his duty to use misfortune, the need of people for the good of the family. | Quote author: L.N. Tolstoy |;

Indifference is the highest cruelty. | Quote author: M. Wilson |;

Calmness is stronger than emotions.

Silence is louder than screaming.

indifference worse than war. | Quote author: M. Luther |;

On the way you need a companion, in life - sympathy. | Quote author: proverb |;

The key to family happiness is kindness, frankness, responsiveness... | Quote author: E. Zola |;

“I don’t care… It doesn’t concern me… It doesn’t interest me… Leave me alone… Don’t interfere with me….” Such phrases have been heard and uttered by each of us. A person wants to be left alone, he does not want to have anything to do with certain people and events, he cares and is not interested in anything.

Why did people become indifferent not only to themselves, but also to their relatives, friends, neighbors? What are the consequences of this total indifference?

To begin with, I want to consider what indifference is. Indifference is the coldness of the soul, the indifference and inattention of a person to the world. A person with a hard heart cannot love people, nor the world, nor the Almighty. If a person is inattentive to the misfortune of another, then he is less interested in this than in his own affairs. The beginning of indifference is pride and selfishness. Of course, you will have an answer to my saying - little time, no money, etc. Undoubtedly, the accelerated pace of people's lives, especially in megacities, leaves a huge imprint. An ordinary modern person does not have time to be at work, in the family, with friends and do good deeds, since the time of moving from one place to another evaporates desire and strength.

As a person from a big city, I myself know how difficult it is to find time for kindness. We began to perceive murders, violence and other crimes as something ordinary and everyday, even if they happen next door. We are no longer surprised that children begin to drink and smoke as early as primary school that they take drugs, on the contrary, many sellers and even pharmacists shamelessly sell them a poisonous potion.

Islam teaches us and even warns us to see everything that surrounds us and to be responsive and attentive to people and everything created by the Almighty. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) often said that indifference is part of the character of the wicked, and the absence of indifference and, conversely, the presence of traits opposite to indifference (such as love, compassion, care and participation) is a sign of righteousness.

A.P. Chekhov gave a wonderful definition of indifference, which was the beginning of my article: “ Indifference is paralysis of the soul, premature death". Indeed, indifference is a sign of a spiritually dead person - a person with a dead spirit, not a regenerated person. Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him) called such people “the dead” (Luke 9:60).

Wanting to defend himself, a person often quite unconsciously begins to portray indifference. However, over time, a problem arises, because indifference and indifference often become an internal state of a person. Undoubtedly, indifference does not come by itself, it comes from the lack of affection from the parents and passes with age into a complex degree of indifference.

Everyone knows this phrase: Do not be afraid of enemies - in the worst case, they can kill you. Do not be afraid of friends - in the worst case, they can betray you. Fear the indifferent - they do not kill and do not betray, but only with their tacit consent does betrayal and murder exist on earth.»

Indifference limits us in many actions, as well as on the path to righteousness. An indifferent person cannot escape Hell unless he renounces his indifference.

Do not be indifferent, for indifference is deadly to the human soul… (Maksim Gorky)

An indifferent person cannot be a seeker of truth, because he is indifferent to truth; He will also not be able to receive salvation, because he is indifferent to his spiritual state, and to the good news of salvation; An indifferent person cannot serve people, because he is indifferent to his neighbor, just as he cannot serve the Almighty; An indifferent person is not able to truly believe, love, compassion and self-sacrifice, because these traits are the opposite of indifference.

You can get rid of indifference, one of the options is to look at the environment, society ... or you just need to set a goal, such as the goal of Allah's pleasure, and achieve it in all respects.

Dear reader, with my article I wanted to show indifference all over, such a vice as indifference is treated, because everyone can change everything. There is a fire of good in each of us, we can make the world kinder, and every single one of us is able to change the world for the better!

Abdurahim Bilalov-Doganai

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

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Indifference and responsiveness FIPI comment: “Themes this direction aim students at comprehending different types of a person’s relationship to people and to the world (indifference to others, unwillingness to spend mental strength on someone else’s life or sincere readiness to share his joys and troubles with his neighbor, to provide him with disinterested help). In literature, we meet, on the one hand, heroes with a warm heart, ready to respond to other people's joys and troubles, and on the other hand, characters embodying the opposite, selfish, personality type.

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Indifference is an indifferent attitude to other people, to their problems, troubles, unwillingness to help them at least a little, to alleviate their pain and suffering. Indifference is also an indifferent, passive attitude to everything that happens. Indifference is a character trait of a person that leads him to spiritual emptiness, unwillingness to respond to the feelings and emotions of others, to anger and even cruelty. An indifferent person feels sorry for nothing and no one, he loses his shame and conscience. Indifference is sometimes the result of soul fatigue, when a person has experienced so much in his life that he tries to save himself from new troubles with indifference. Such indifference may pass with time, the soul will gradually begin to warm up, return to its previous state, when a person can again sympathize with others. But such a process may not occur, then the person will remain completely indifferent to everything around. Indifference is the loss of a person's ability to love, make friends, appreciate anything in life, the inability to enjoy the beauty around, because indifferent people do not care. Responsiveness is one of the positive qualities of a person, which manifests itself in the desire to help another, to sympathize with him, to be near, to provide assistance.

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Synonyms for the word "indifference": indifference insensibility indifference Synonyms for the word "responsiveness": attention participation sympathy good nature humanity sensitivity

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Arguments of A.P. Chekhov "The Cherry Orchard" M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" K. G. Paustovsky "Telegram" A.V. Vampilov "Elder Son" O. Wilde "The Picture of Dorian Gray" G.Kh. Andersen "The Little Match Girl" V. G. Korolenko "In Bad Society" T. Kenally "Schindler's List" E. M. Remarque "Love thy neighbor" S. Collins "The Hunger Games" F.M. Dostoevsky's "The Idiot" R. Bradbury "451 Fahrenheit", "Thunder Crash", "All Summer in One Day" A.P. Platonov "Yushka" A.I. Kuprin "Emerald" L. Andreev "Kusaka" B. Ekimov "Night of Healing" Y. Yakovlev "Boy with Skates" N.V. Gogol " Dead Souls»

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Quotations "Only those who cannot pass indifferently past the joys and sorrows of an individual are capable of taking to heart the joys and sorrows of the Fatherland." (V. A. Sukhomlinsky) "There is no more dangerous person who is alien to the human, who is indifferent to the fate of his native country, to the fate of his neighbor." (M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin) “Teenagers, of course, are emotionally tender creatures and the highest degree vulnerable, but with sympathy they are not very. It comes later, if it comes at all." (S. King) "Indifference is a serious illness of the soul." (A. de Tocqueville) "The responsiveness of others is often the best psychologist or psychiatrist." (L. Viilma, Estonian doctor)

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“Whoever has gained the ability to sincerely sympathize with human grief, at least in one single case, having received a miraculous lesson, has learned to understand any misfortune, no matter how strange or reckless it may appear at first glance.” (S. Zweig) “The most unforgivable sin in relation to one's neighbor is not hatred, but indifference. Indifference is the essence of inhumanity." (JB Shaw) “Empathy alone is not enough. Actions speak louder than words." (N. Vuychich) “After all, it is necessary that every person should have at least one such place where he would be pitied!” (F. M. Dostoevsky)

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Do you agree with B. Shaw's statement: “The worst sin in relation to one's neighbor is not hatred, but indifference; this is truly the pinnacle of inhumanity"? How do you understand the words of A.V. Suvorova: “How painful is indifference to oneself!”? Can responsiveness bring disappointment? Do you agree that "healthy selfishness" is good for you? How do you understand the proverb: “On the way you need a companion, in life you need sympathy”? When can responsiveness hurt? How to instill a sense of compassion in children? What does it mean to "be selfless"? Can compassion for people be a manifestation of selfishness? Do you agree that indifference "corrodes the soul" of a person? How do you understand the statement of A.P. Chekhov: “Indifference is a paralysis of the soul, premature death”? Should you empathize with people you don't like? Do you agree with the statement of Guy de Maupassant: "An ungrateful son is worse than someone else's: he is a criminal, since the son has no right to be indifferent to his mother"? Can it be argued that adolescents have less empathy than mature people? Is it possible to say that indifference to animals is the highest manifestation of humanity? Are there people unworthy of sympathy? What is more important: sympathy or real help?

Where is the line drawn between a person as a person and an impersonal being?

Text: Anna Chaynikova
Photo: monateka.com

We continue to analyze in detail the directions of the final essay, which, we recall, the graduates will write December 6. This time we understand the nuances of such difficult human relationships as indifference and responsiveness.

FIPI comment

The topics of this direction aim students at comprehending different types of a person’s attitude to people and to the world (indifference to others, unwillingness to spend mental strength on someone else’s life or sincere readiness to share his joys and troubles with his neighbor, to provide him with disinterested help).

In literature, we meet, on the one hand, heroes with a warm heart, ready to respond to other people's joys and troubles, and on the other hand, characters embodying the opposite, selfish type of personality.

vocabulary work

INDIFFERENCE- the state of an indifferent person, indifferent, devoid of interest, passive attitude to the environment (Dictionary of D.N. Ushakov).

RESPONSIBILITY- the spiritual and moral quality of a person, expressed in a sympathetic attitude towards others, readiness to help.

Synonyms

Indifference: apathy, indifference, indifference, insensibility, mental deafness, inattention, insensitivity, coldness.

Responsiveness: warmth, cordiality, compassion, sympathy, sensitivity, sympathy.

To whom or what should one not be indifferent?

• Close (parents, children, lovers, friends)
• For those in need of help
• To people to whom we perform our professional duty (the attitude of a doctor to a patient, a teacher to a student, a boss to a subordinate, the state to a citizen)
• The vices of society and man (cruelty, lies, hypocrisy, betrayal)
• life in general

Indifference is a serious mental illness. Its development in a person can mean not only complete indifference to others, but also to oneself. Indifference devastates a person, corrodes his soul, deforms the personality and kills all other feelings. The defect of indifference is in the absence of love.

It is necessary to distinguish indifference from callousness, because there are people who are by nature insensitive, not empathic.

Selfishness, cynicism and prudence can be regarded as a manifestation of indifference to others, but they are not identical to it.

In the story "Carpenters" he depicts the world of Kolyma, merciless to man, in which, amid total indifference, not only to others, but also to own life there is still a place for responsiveness and compassion. According to the writer, in the Far North there is a thin line between a person as a person who still retains the ability to think and suffer, and an impersonal being who no longer controls himself and begins to live by primitive reflexes. Frost piercing to the bones, constant hunger and exhausting work exhaust mental strength. When they end, the survival reflex itself disappears: apathy sets in, a person looks at the world indifferently, even his own death does not bother him. Other people's deaths are becoming commonplace, no one pays attention to them: "His neighbor died yesterday, he just died, did not wake up, and no one was interested in why he died, as if there was only one cause of death, well known to everyone."

The protagonist of the story, Potashnikov, like everyone else, became indifferent to his surroundings, “was not afraid of death,” and looked at the indifference of others with familiar eyes:

“He did not blame people for indifference. He understood long ago where this spiritual dullness, spiritual coldness came from. Frost, the same one that turned saliva into ice on the fly, got to the human soul.

If the bones could freeze, the brain could freeze and become dull, and the soul could freeze.” Are these changes irreversible, will a frozen, shrinking soul forever remain cold? Is it possible to warm the soul of such a person? Is there any place for spiritual responsiveness and compassion in such inhuman conditions?

Answering these questions, V. Shalamov tells the story of two clumsy intellectuals, Potashnikov and Grigoriev, who called themselves carpenters in order to be transferred for several days to lighter work in a carpentry workshop. They never held axes or saws in their hands, they did not know how to hew and perform other carpentry work, but deceit was the only way for them to survive - to spend several days warm and gain strength. The elderly toolmaker Arnshtrem, having looked at the work of Potashnikov and Grigoriev, immediately understands that they lied, calling themselves carpenters and volunteering for work, but does not betray them to the authorities. On the contrary, he gives them hand-turned ax handles and treats them with bread, allowing them to spend two days in the workshop.

The story ends with the words: "Today and tomorrow they were warming themselves by the stove, and the day after tomorrow the frost fell immediately to thirty degrees - the winter was already ending." It is thanks to the spiritual responsiveness of Arnshtrem, his indifference to completely unfamiliar people who need help that Potashnikov and Grigoriev survive, because if the toolmaker had revealed their deceit, they would certainly have been returned to hard work, where they would freeze to death.

Despite the gloominess of the image and the denial of the existence of anything positive in this anti-world, everything human is extremely dear to Shalamov. As N. Leiderman wrote: “Sometimes, with tenderness, he “husks” evidence from the gloomy chaos of Kolyma that the System has not been able to completely freeze out in people’s souls that moral feeling, which is called the ability to compassion.”

Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:

• Indifference is a paralysis of the soul, premature death. (A.P. Chekhov)
• Do not be indifferent, for indifference is deadly to the human soul. (M. Gorky)
• Do not be afraid of enemies - in the worst case, they can kill you. Do not be afraid of friends - in the worst case, they can betray you. Fear the indifferent - they do not kill and do not betray, but only with their tacit consent do betrayal and murder exist on earth. (R. Eberhardt)
• The greatest sin against one's neighbor is not hatred, but indifference. This is the most inhuman human feelings. (B. Shaw)
• Susceptibility and responsiveness are perhaps the most precious asset of man. (M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin)
• There is nothing more dangerous than a person who is alien to the human, who is indifferent to the fate of his native country, to the fate of his neighbor. (M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin)
• Condescension to evil very closely borders on indifference to good. (N. S. Leskov)
• The great vice is indifference, dispassion. A small man with an ice floe in his heart is a future inhabitant. Already in childhood, it is necessary to kindle in the heart of every person a spark of civic passion and intransigence towards what is evil or condones evil. (V. A. Sukhomlinsky)

What are the questions to think about?

• What is responsiveness?
• Under what circumstances is responsiveness especially important?
• Is it always necessary to be responsive?
• What is the danger of indifference?
• Can an indifferent person be called selfish?
• What is the relationship between kindness and kindness?
• What leads to indifference to nature?
• Does responsiveness to oneself imply indifference to others?
• Is it possible to make a sympathetic person out of an indifferent person, and an indifferent person out of a sympathetic one?