Since the time of the most ancient civilizations of mankind, people have known the healing power of individual sounds and sound combinations uttered by their own voice. Mantras are of particular importance. In Russia, with the help of vocal therapy, treatment has been carried out since ancient times.

The melody of old Russian folk songs, sometimes built on 2-3 notes, strikes with its diversity and beauty. She offers to go from unison to consonance, teaches harmonization of the external and internal, tuning the body and soul in accordance with objective laws.

vowels:
<А>- relieves any spasms, heals the heart and gallbladder;
<И>- treats eyes, ears, small intestines, stimulates cardiac activity, "clears" the nose;
<О>- revitalizes the activity of the pancreas, helps to eliminate problems with the heart;

<У>- improves breathing, stimulates and harmonizes the work of the kidneys, Bladder, prostate (in men), uterus and ovaries (in women);
<Ы>- treats ears, improves breathing;
<Э>- improves brain function.

ATTENTION! To enhance and concentrate the therapeutic effect of pronounced or “sung” sounds (sound combinations), experts recommend putting your hand on the area of ​​the body where the organ (or system) undergoing sound therapy is located, and imagine this organ healthy and actively working.

The degree of human development is influenced by various sound frequencies that affect the chakras (energy systems) - both negatively and positively. Music best perceived by a person determines the degree of his development. To find out more about a person, they ask him: “What kind of music do you like?”

VOICE is a unique musical "instrument" given to man by Nature itself. The human voice vibrates whenever it sounds (when talking, singing, whispering). And a more perfect (in particular, from a therapeutic point of view) musical instrument suitable for a particular person simply does not exist.

* * *
The art of singing is, first of all, correct breathing, which is one of the most important factors in a healthy life. Of all the means of music therapy, SINGING has the strongest effect on the body. / When a person is sick, his voice “sits down”, becoming deaf and colorless. With our own singing (healing sound extraction) we can influence a diseased organ or system, returning a healthy vibration to it.

Note. VOCALOTHERAPY methods (this is how singing treatment is scientifically called) are actively used all over the world for the treatment and prevention of both physical and mental disorders: neuroses, phobias (obsessive, painful fears of something), depression (especially if it is accompanied by diseases). respiratory tract), bronchial asthma, headaches, etc.
* * *
Each organ of our body has its own "voice". The "sound" of diseased organs differs from the sound of healthy ones. This abnormal "sound" can be corrected by teaching the person how to sing correctly. / Good opera singers are physically healthy people and, as a rule, long-livers.

* * *
When a person speaks or sings (in a word - “sounds”), then, according to various estimates, from 60 to 85% of the sound vibrations of his voice go to the internal organs (absorbed by them) and only 15-40% - to the external environment. / Our body is by no means indifferent to what the very 60% of its own - produced (produced) by the person himself - sound "food" will be, which he - the body - will have to (or has to constantly - daily) "digest" and "assimilate".

Note. The leading Russian music therapist S. Shushardzhan and his colleagues from the Research Center for Music Therapy and Medical Acoustic Technologies conducted research on the effect of vocal therapy on the lungs and other vital organs. As a result, scientists came to the conclusion that the sound generated during singing only goes into outer space by 15-20% (the rest of the sound wave is absorbed internal organs bringing them into a state of vibration).

* * *
The child uses his voice without hesitation - he screams and speaks as he breathes, unlike many adults who, over the years, lose their natural ability to express themselves in sounds and words (some mumble, others mumble monotonously, and still others become completely “voiceless”, experiencing not too much successful personal experience silently and deep inside).
* * *
What voice a person will speak in his life depends largely on his mother. It is her voice, which changes endlessly in various situations of communication with the child, that at an early age the baby takes as a kind of standard (the baby begins to imitate in the voice, first of all, his mother). Now many experts are seriously suggesting that expectant mothers begin developmental activities with a child already in the period of its intrauterine development - to talk, sing songs and start harmonious music for him. /Abroad for pregnant women, special bandages for the abdomen with stereo mini-speakers are produced.

* * *
Singing is very beneficial for pregnant women and their unborn children. The transitions of the singing voice from high to low sounds and vice versa activate the growth of those organs and systems of the child that are tuned to certain sound frequencies. The baby's hearing organs get the training they need and stimulate the brain. / Several decades ago, the famous French obstetrician Michel Auden organized a-capella choirs of expectant mothers in his clinic. Especially for them, simple vocal exercises were developed. As a result, more viable, calm and strong babies were born.

* * *
The tonal range of the human voice - from its lowest to its highest sound - is usually located in the range from 64 to 1300 Hz, and the conversational ("everyday") voice occupies about one tenth of this scale.

* * *
It has long been known that singing is one of the best breathing exercises (respiratory muscles are trained, diaphragmatic breathing is improved, bronchial drainage improves, the vital capacity of the lungs increases). / The famous Hungarian composer Z. Kodály wrote in 1929: “A wonderful means of rhythm is the discipline of the nerves, the training of the larynx and lungs. All this puts singing next to physical culture. Both are needed daily - no less than food.

* * *
With joint singing (in a duet, choir), as well as with attentive listening to the singer for some period of time, the boundaries of each human soul from among the participants in this process are revealed, there is an aspiration towards each other (singing and heartfelt listening). / The same applies to just music (without words).

* * *
The effect of singing on a person in ancient times was used by many peoples to combat a wide variety of ailments (our distant ancestors intuitively guessed the presence of great healing power in singing, but were not able to scientifically explain this phenomenon). / For example, B Ancient Egypt with the help of choral singing, they were treated for insomnia. AT Ancient Greece Democritus extolled singing as a specific remedy for the treatment of certain types of rabies, while Aristotle and Pythagoras recommended singing in the treatment of mental illness and insanity.

* * *
In Russia, the Slavs believed that the SOUL itself sings in a person and singing is its natural state. Therefore, working with sound (its strength, longitude, pitch), rhythm, breathing, intervals not only brings you closer to high-quality and technical performance of songs, but also ensures success in painstaking work on the correction and formation of a person’s personality to a greater extent. In the positive orientation of the individual during folklore singing, an important role is played by the original manner of sound production. Each locality has its own characteristics. But there is one feature that is characteristic of the manner of sound production in any corner of Russia - when the sound is sent, as it were, into space, the lips stretch in a smile, forcing the use of the so-called. front resonator. / You sing and smile, and due to this, the sound becomes bright, clear and free. Gradually, as a result of the systematic training of a smile, the qualities of sound are transferred to the personality of a person. Soon, the outer smile becomes an inner smile, and through it we begin to look at the world and people. / Note. In Russia, with the help of vocal therapy, from ancient times, the treatment of patients was carried out (the patient was put in a circle of people and they danced around this person). In addition, they simply sat around the patient so that he was in the center of maximum sound exposure - at the point where the “body of sound” really grows up and down, capturing the space and all its components with its vibrations. / If the disease is really a failure of the normal internal bioenergetic rhythms of a person, then the song and singing in this case is a very strong healer.

* * *
In folk songs, they do not lie with their voice, trying to make it more beautiful than it is: they sing openly. But it is precisely this openness that makes any voice beautiful. By the way, the covered voice of the academic manner of performance (unlike the folk one) sounds as if the vibrations are directed upwards (to the palate), and the so-called “sound” is used to amplify the sound. "posterior resonator" (i.e. the far side of the mouth). The "folk" sound is characterized by the use of a "front resonator" (the sound is not directed upwards, but forward - to the one for whom it is intended).

Note. Even with elementary sound production, we already include our real or supposed interlocutor in the process of “living” the sound. This person turns out to be important for us, and we - for him, because we are in the vibrational field of his speech or singing (and, conversely, he is in our field), we perceive these vibrations and inevitably resonate with them (more precisely, we are, as it were, “offered enter this resonance). / Remember how “contagious” is a cry or laughter, sobs about loss or the delight of gain (victory). Often, without realizing it, we, even passing by (in the literal and figurative sense), for a long time bear the state of those who “sounded” in a certain mood.

* * *
According to experts, when working with song folklore, along with the study of individual psycho-emotional states, there is also a correction of individual personality traits. Closure, shyness, aggressiveness are gradually leveled and turn into their opposite. / Scandal and anger are destructive because they are not rhythmic in our world subject to various rhythms. They break the established harmony, regularity, beauty of intertwining melodies. In addition, on the physiological plane, all negative emotions that are the result of undesirable personality traits cause a delay in breathing, break its rhythm, which cannot but negatively affect the general well-being of a person. This also involves the one who is drawn into the scandal.

Note. Breathing is very important for human health. Working on lengthening the exhalation for the purpose of high-quality performance of folk songs, we not only create conditions for increasing the volume of the lungs and their high-quality ventilation, but also enhance the relaxation moment directly related to exhalation (relaxation) as the antonym of inhalation (tension). Probably, without any scientific calculations, our ancestors were aware of this. “Chain” breathing, which is practiced when practicing folklore singing, not only teaches the continuity of sound, but also increases the duration of exhalation, the depth and fullness of inhalation, which increase depending on the use of the lower (abdominal) type of breathing. In the course of mastering “chain” breathing (with choral folk singing), the work includes that subtle ear that we have practically not used until now - the ability to hear the breath of another and feel when he has to take a breath, so that this does not happen simultaneously with you and did not interrupt the sound. / Restoration of free breathing when practicing folklore singing occurs subconsciously and manifests itself not only in terms of freedom of breathing, but also in improving well-being, in changing the view of problems that previously seemed unsolvable and dangerous to a person.
* * *
Singing is a unique breathing exercise in which everything is taken into account. Singing cures bronchial asthma and other broncho-pulmonary diseases, sinusitis.

Ancient musical instrument. Sound, voice, singing.

The human voice is the oldest musical instrument, as teachers of music schools teach. The first sounds that a child makes, the sounds of his own fragile throat, are already clothed with musical thought, intention.

So, like an attentive student, a man tens of thousands of years ago tried to imitate the chirping of birds, the roar of an animal, the noise of a storm. The first vocal exercises he began to practice while hunting. The shaman of the tribe "sang" to attract prey. He appealed to the spirits, conjured, prayed, promised, praised - and all this was reflected in the play of the first melody created by man.

The fact is that a sound that is kept at a constant height for a relatively long time inevitably attracts attention, stops, forcing you to listen, and several such alternating sounds make up an integral semantic structure, a message. And then a man, mimicking, beckoning or frightening his prey, became aware of his own voice and since then accompanied almost every one of his deeds with singing. He sang, sowing bread, asking unknown spirits to give a good harvest. He sang to his beloved, the song showing the feeling, to the children, in order to calm them down. He sang loudly as he went into battle in order to instill fear in the enemy, and even when he was dying, the song of his fellow tribesmen sounded over him, burying him.

Due to the bewitching, inevitably attractive nature of sound, singing was perceived by people as a supernatural gift, a magical act, because it ancient times was associated primarily with religious cults. Primitive magic, shamanism, animism, always accompanied by singing, over time degenerated into more developed religious cults, and the priests more and more "monopolized" the right to sing. In view of the fact that singing by people from other castes, a different kind of activity was present along with the priestly, vocal art (and music) should be divided into "religious" and "secular".

In ancient times, clergy did not forbid other people to sing and play musical instruments. The role of music, in particular, singing, in cults was insignificant, while folk art from drinking songs to sublime odes was widespread. The oldest monuments of non-material culture, the first recorded poems, undoubtedly, were recited in a singsong voice, as evidenced by the many images on the walls of buildings, household items, and so on.

The further development of musical and, in particular, vocal art largely determined the emergence of Christianity. The ministers of the cult of Jesus Christ paid great attention to singing in the performance of rituals. In the temples, both one person and a whole choir sang God, many church chants appeared, which the head of the Roman Catholic Church, Pope Gregory, decided to streamline, and some to prohibit, in the 7th century. n. e. The chants had a monodic, that is, a monophonic warehouse, whether it was solo or group singing.

In parallel, developing folk songwriting with the use of musical instruments began to be considered vile, sinful and was prohibited by the spiritual authorities with the use of corporal punishment and up to auto-da-fé. In addition to the reason for the non-liturgical nature of folk singing, one more reason should be noted: secular choral songs often had not one, but several musical voices, which was considered a sign of almost serving an unclean spirit.

In the Middle Ages, in the X - XI centuries. n. e., the monk of the Benedictine order, Guido Aretinsky, was one of the first since the advent of writing to think about the need to record not only the sung text, but also the sound itself, its height, duration. The sign system he created was a set of symbols graphically depicting the movement of the melody, and these symbols were repeated by the movement of the hands of the choirmaster who controlled the singing. In fact, neumes - as these symbols were called - meant a specific phrase.

Folk musical creativity, which existed in parallel with church music, became widespread in folk performances, booths, and, finally, in the theater. Often musical instruments were used to accompany the singing. Soon a musical theater arose and began to develop, at the end of the 16th century. the first professional operas appeared. Non-church musical creativity was considered demonic by the clergy right up to modern times. So, for example, the outstanding Austrian composer V.A. Mozart after his death, the clergy forbade burying in consecrated ground.

Nevertheless, people have been singing and playing since ancient times, unconsciously sending their signals to the world about joy, sadness, love, war, delicious food, god, woman, death, a drunken fight, about themselves. Both base passions and the highest aspirations of the spirit were repeatedly amplified by the magic of a supernatural instrument - one's own voice, created by nature and eventually turning to it.

VOICE is a unique musical "instrument" The impact of voice vibrations on organisms. Since the time of the most ancient civilizations of mankind, people have known the healing power of individual sounds and sound combinations uttered by their own voice. Mantras are of particular importance. In Russia, with the help of vocal therapy, treatment has been carried out since ancient times. The melody of old Russian folk songs, sometimes built on 2-3 notes, strikes with its diversity and beauty. She offers to go from unison to consonance, teaches harmonization of the external and internal, tuning the body and soul in accordance with objective laws. vowel sounds:<А>- relieves any spasms, heals the heart and gallbladder;<И>- treats eyes, ears, small intestines, stimulates cardiac activity, "clears" the nose;<О>- revitalizes the activity of the pancreas, helps to eliminate problems with the heart;<У>- improves breathing, stimulates and harmonizes the work of the kidneys, bladder, prostate gland (in men), uterus and ovaries (in women);<Ы>- treats ears, improves breathing;<Э> - improves brain function. ATTENTION! To enhance and concentrate the therapeutic effect of pronounced or “sung” sounds (sound combinations), experts recommend putting your hand on the area of ​​the body where the organ (or system) undergoing sound therapy is located, and imagine this organ healthy and actively working. The degree of human development is influenced by various sound frequencies that affect the chakras (energy systems) - both negatively and positively. Music best perceived by a person determines the degree of his development. To find out more about a person, they ask him: “What kind of music do you like?” VOICE is a unique musical "instrument" given to man by Nature itself. The human voice vibrates whenever it sounds (when talking, singing, whispering). And a more perfect (in particular, from a therapeutic point of view) musical instrument suitable for a particular person simply does not exist. * * * The art of singing is, first of all, correct breathing, which is one of the most important factors of a healthy life. Of all the means of music therapy, SINGING has the strongest effect on the body. / When a person is sick, his voice “sits down”, becoming deaf and colorless. With our own singing (healing sound extraction) we can influence a diseased organ or system, returning a healthy vibration to it. Note. VOCALOTHERAPY methods (this is how singing treatment is scientifically called) are actively used all over the world for the treatment and prevention of both physical and mental disorders: neuroses, phobias (obsessive, painful fears of something), depression (especially if it is accompanied by diseases). respiratory tract), bronchial asthma, headaches, etc. * * * Each organ of our body has its own “voice”. The "sound" of diseased organs differs from the sound of healthy ones. This abnormal "sound" can be corrected by teaching the person how to sing correctly. /Good opera singers are physically healthy people and, as a rule, long-lived. * * * When a person speaks or sings (in a word - “sounds”), then, according to various estimates, from 60 to 85% of the sound vibrations of his voice goes to the internal organs (absorbed by them) and only 15-40% - to the external environment . / Our body is by no means indifferent to what the very 60% of its own - produced (produced) by the person himself - sound "food" will be, which he - the body - will have to (or has to constantly - daily) "digest" and "assimilate". Note. The leading Russian music therapist S. Shushardzhan and his colleagues from the Research Center for Music Therapy and Medical Acoustic Technologies conducted research on the effect of vocal therapy on the lungs and other vital organs. As a result, scientists came to the conclusion that the sound generated during singing, only 15-20% goes into the external space (the rest of the sound wave is absorbed by the internal organs, bringing them into a state of vibration). * * * The child uses his voice without hesitation - he screams and speaks as he breathes, unlike many adults who over the years lose their natural ability to express themselves in sounds and words (some mumble, others mumble monotonously, and still others become completely “voiceless”, experiencing a not-too-good personal experience silently and deep inside). * * * What voice a person will speak in his life largely depends on his mother. It is her voice, which changes endlessly in various situations of communication with the child, that at an early age the baby takes as a kind of standard (the baby begins to imitate in the voice, first of all, his mother). Now many experts seriously suggest that expectant mothers begin developmental activities with a child already in the period of its intrauterine development - to talk, sing songs and start harmonious music for him. /Abroad for pregnant women, special bandages for the abdomen with stereo mini-speakers are produced. * * * Singing is very beneficial for pregnant women and their future children. The transitions of the singing voice from high to low sounds and vice versa activate the growth of those organs and systems of the child that are tuned to certain sound frequencies. The baby's hearing organs get the training they need and stimulate the brain. / Several decades ago, the famous French obstetrician Michel Auden organized a-capella choirs of expectant mothers in his clinic. Especially for them, simple vocal exercises were developed. As a result, more viable, calm and strong babies were born. * * * The tonal range of the human voice - from its lowest to its highest sound - is usually located in the range from 64 to 1300 Hz, and the colloquial ("everyday") voice occupies about one tenth of this scale. * * * It has long been known that singing is one of the best breathing exercises (respiratory muscles are trained, diaphragmatic breathing is improved, bronchial drainage improves, the vital capacity of the lungs increases). / The famous Hungarian composer Z. Kodály wrote in 1929: “A wonderful means of rhythm is the discipline of the nerves, the training of the larynx and lungs. All this puts singing next to physical culture. Both are needed daily - no less than food. * * * When singing together (in a duet, choir), as well as when listening attentively to the singer for a certain period of time, the boundaries of each human soul from among the participants in this process are revealed, there is an aspiration towards each other (singers and soulfully listening). / The same applies to just music (without words). * * * The effect of singing on a person in ancient times was used by many peoples to combat a wide variety of ailments (our distant ancestors intuitively guessed the presence of great healing power in singing, but were not able to scientifically explain this phenomenon). / For example, in ancient Egypt, with the help of choral singing, they were treated for insomnia. In ancient Greece, Democritus extolled singing as a specific remedy for the treatment of certain types of rabies, while Aristotle and Pythagoras recommended singing in the treatment of mental illness and insanity. * * * In Russia, the Slavs believed that the SOUL itself sings in a person and singing is its natural state. Therefore, working with sound (its strength, longitude, pitch), rhythm, breathing, intervals not only brings you closer to high-quality and technical performance of songs, but also ensures success in painstaking work on the correction and formation of a person’s personality to a greater extent. In the positive orientation of the individual during folklore singing, an important role is played by the original manner of sound production. Each locality has its own characteristics. But there is one feature that is characteristic of the manner of sound production in any corner of Russia - when the sound is sent as if into space, the lips stretch in a smile, forcing the use of the so-called. front resonator. / You sing and smile, and due to this, the sound becomes bright, clear and free. Gradually, as a result of the systematic training of a smile, the qualities of sound are transferred to the personality of a person. Soon, the outer smile becomes an inner smile, and through it we begin to look at the world and people. / Note. In Russia, with the help of vocal therapy, from ancient times, the treatment of patients was carried out (the patient was put in a circle of people and they danced around this person). In addition, they simply sat around the patient so that he was in the center of maximum sound impact - at the point where the “body of sound” really grows up and down, capturing the space and all its components with its vibrations. / If the disease is really a failure of the normal internal bioenergetic rhythms of a person, then the song and singing in this case is a very strong healer. * * * In folk songs, one does not lie with one's voice, trying to make it more beautiful than it is: they sing openly. But it is precisely this openness that makes any voice beautiful. By the way, the covered voice of the academic manner of performance (unlike the folk one) sounds as if the vibrations are directed upwards (to the palate), and the so-called “sound” is used to amplify the sound. "posterior resonator" (i.e. the far side of the mouth). The "folk" sound is characterized by the use of the "front resonator" (the sound is not directed upwards, but forward - to the one for whom it is intended). Note. Even with elementary sound production, we already include our real or supposed interlocutor in the process of “living” the sound. This person turns out to be important for us, and we - for him, because we are in the vibrational field of his speech or singing (and, conversely, he is in our field), we perceive these vibrations and inevitably resonate with them (more precisely, we are, as it were, “offered enter this resonance). / Remember how “contagious” is a cry or laughter, sobs about loss or the delight of gain (victory). Often, without realizing it, we, even passing by (in the literal and figurative sense), for a long time bear the state of those who “sounded” in a certain mood. * * * According to experts, when working with song folklore, along with the study of individual psycho-emotional states, there is also a correction of individual traits of a person's personality. Closure, shyness, aggressiveness are gradually leveled and turn into their opposite. / Scandal and anger are destructive because they are not rhythmic in our world subject to various rhythms. They break the established harmony, regularity, beauty of intertwining melodies. In addition, on the physiological plane, all negative emotions that are the result of undesirable personality traits cause a delay in breathing, break its rhythm, which cannot but negatively affect the general well-being of a person. This also involves the one who is drawn into the scandal. Note. Breathing is very important for human health. Working on lengthening the exhalation for the purpose of high-quality performance of folk songs, we not only create conditions for increasing the volume of the lungs and their high-quality ventilation, but also enhance the relaxation moment directly related to exhalation (relaxation) as the antonym of inhalation (tension). Probably, without any scientific calculations, our ancestors were aware of this. “Chain” breathing, which is practiced when practicing folklore singing, not only teaches the continuity of sound, but also increases the duration of exhalation, the depth and fullness of inhalation, which increase depending on the use of the lower (abdominal) type of breathing. In the course of mastering “chain” breathing (with choral folk singing), the work includes that subtle ear that we have practically not used until now - the ability to hear the breath of another and feel when he has to take a breath, so that this does not happen simultaneously with you and did not interrupt the sound. / Restoration of free breathing when practicing folklore singing occurs subconsciously and manifests itself not only in terms of freedom of breathing, but also in improving well-being, in changing the view of problems that previously seemed unsolvable and dangerous to a person. * * * Singing is a unique breathing exercise in which everything is taken into account. Singing cures bronchial asthma and other broncho-pulmonary diseases, sinusitis. The influence of lyrics on life

Introduction

Many people owe a large part of their success to the voice. Just like about appearance, people judge the voice of a stranger, a teacher, a radio presenter or politician during the first few seconds. It doesn't matter if you're famous or not. Despite the memorable appearance of some famous people When we remember them, we first of all remember the voice.

The voice, for a person, is as important as his appearance, manners, image, ability to keep himself in public. This is the tool by which people convey their message to the audience. Mutual understanding between the speaker and listeners in the audience depends on voice and speech data. Voice can attract listeners, convince them of something, win their support and trust. You can stir people up or put them to sleep, charm or repel. The human voice is a powerful instrument.

The human voice is the most perfect musical instrument

Throughout human history, people have created many musical instruments. Both the drum and the shepherd's horn claim the title of the oldest of them, but the most important, the very first and, by the way, the most perfect musical instrument, whose history begins back in the days of Pithecanthropes and Cro-Magnons, is voice. The same age as humanity, a gift given by generous nature to every child, and how to dispose of such a gift later, people decide for themselves.

Here is how the writer Irakli Andronikov describes the “apparatus” of Fyodor Ivanovich Chaliapin: “I looked into Chaliapin’s throat and saw there ... The throat, it seemed wider than Chaliapin’s neck. The palate - it rose high with a vault under the very eyes of Chaliapin. Tongue - he trembled and dutifully settled down near the very roots of the teeth. There was not a single superfluous detail in the throat, and it was all regarded as a wonderful architectural structure.

In terms of its passionate intensity, in terms of the strength of the emotional impact on the listeners, not a single instrument can be compared with the voice. That is why vocalists always have more fans and fans than the best instrumentalists. At the concerts of famous singers, the audience falls into an ecstatic state and literally goes crazy. And it has always been, regardless of time and genre. At the performances of Chaliapin and Caruso, the fans fainted in the same way as at the concerts of the Beatles or Michael Jackson. In a word, voice is a terrible power.

Based on all the above facts, we are convinced that nature has given man unlimited possibilities that cannot be compared with any technical device. For example, Ellen Beach Yo in 1896 on January 19 at Carnegie Hall, New York, began her aria with the note “mi” of the 4th octave. Another five megahertz "up", and her voice alto-altissimo would cease to be audible to the audience. And the lowest note in the history of vocals is the “A” note of the counteroctave (55 hertz / vibrations per second), taken by the famous “octavist” (owner of the profundo bass) Casper Foster (1617-1673). For comparison, it must be said that after twenty hertz “down” already infrasound begins, causing listeners to worry, bordering on insanity. From the sound of 7 hertz (seven oscillations per second) you can even die. Luckily, 7Hz octaves don't exist. There are, of course, technical devices - generators capable of reproducing both ultrasound and infrasound. There are also musical synthesizers that vary sounds in a wide musical range, but ... synthesizer generators cannot sing.

The human voice apparatus is nothing special in comparison with traditional musical instruments. The larynx, together with the airways located above it, should be classified in size in the same group as the piccolo flute (one of the smallest). However, experienced singers are able to compete with all man-made instruments - both one-on-one and with an entire orchestra. Scientists in their studies have shown how such a wide range of sounds is achieved during singing, and revealed the surprisingly complex patterns of the work of the elements of the vocal apparatus and their interaction.

For half a century, experts have explained the properties of the human voice using the so-called linear theory of speech acoustics, according to which the sound source and the sound resonator (or amplifier) ​​work independently. Now, however, scientists have learned that non-linear interactions, in which the source and resonator influence each other, play an unexpectedly important role in the generation of the human voice. And thanks latest research we already understand how great singers manage to produce mesmerizing sounds.

Release 21

Musical instrument voice

The voice is an amazing tool given to us by God. The voice can convey any emotions, feelings and moods. The voice is so closely connected with the soul that any of its experiences are immediately reflected in the voice. Unlike other musical instruments, the voice is capable of producing related words speech. And the word is also a gift from God. And its highest purpose is to give praise to the Creator for the blessings with which he bestowed upon us. Therefore, from ancient times in all churches there are those who serve God with their voices - these are chanters. By the way, when a person speaks, he uses only a tenth of the capabilities of his musical instrument - his voice. And classes can develop it to 100 percent. Peruvian singer Yma Sumac had a unique five-octave voice range. That's 70 percent of the piano's range. So the human voice is the most unique of all musical instruments.

Voice types

Voices are usually divided into several types. It depends on the properties of the voice. Female voices are divided into three types: soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto. Soprano is the highest type female voice. This type has several varieties. The highest soprano is coloratura. This is a transparent, ringing voice, like a bell. There is also a lyric and dramatic soprano. Mezzo-soprano is a medium-range type of female voice. It is characterized by a dense and sound, so the mezzo-soprano in the opera is often assigned dramatic roles. Alt - low type female voice. Male voices are also divided into three main types: tenor, baritone, bass. The tenor is the highest male voice. Baritone is a type of male voice with a medium tessitura. It can also be lyrical and dramatic. Bass is the lowest male voice. At first, people sang without musical accompaniment. A cappella singing by the choir was especially often used. Then they began to sing to the accompaniment of various instruments. In the end, they began to sing accompanied by an orchestra. It happened in Italy at the end of the 16th century. It was then that theatrical performance, orchestral music and singing were combined. The result was opera. But singing to the sounds of the orchestra was not easy. After all, there were no microphones back then. It was necessary to train the voice so that it sounded clear and deep. That's when the art of bel canto appeared. This is a technique of virtuoso singing, which is characterized by a bright and rich sound, smoothness, flexibility and freedom of transitions. Bel canto singers achieved a bright and juicy sound not due to pressure on the ligaments, but due to the use of laryngeal resonators.