Deadly lifestyle. Why Russian schoolchildren hate physical education lessons With skis during rush hour

Intimidated by a deuce

211 cases of children dying in physical education lessons were recorded in 2016, Minister of Education and Science Olga Vasilyeva said in October. That same month, a Krasnoyarsk third-grader died during class: a 10-year-old boy became ill while jogging. Both the school doctor and ambulance doctors came to help, but they could not save him.

Everything turned out okay at the Murmansk school, but in case of serious danger it could have ended tragically. The student fell from the wall bars, and the teachers decided to conduct an inspection. As the prosecutor's office found out, the medical worker was not on site at that moment. The teachers did not see the damage and simply sent him home. As a result, it turned out that the child had a closed fracture of the shoulder.

It turned out that she performed somersaults that were too difficult for herself, afraid of getting a failing grade. The physical education teacher claimed that he acted “according to the curriculum.”

Anna Kuznetsova, Commissioner for Children's Rights under the President of the Russian Federation, stood up for the child. “The responsibility for the child in a school lesson lies primarily with the teacher,” said the Ombudsman. In physical education lessons, health and safety should be at the forefront, and certainly not grades, she emphasized: “If a child cannot perform some exercise, there is no need to force him, much less intimidate him with bad grades.” After this incident, the initiative group turned to the head of the Ministry of Education with a request to abolish the bad grades in physical education: how can one generally evaluate a child’s performance based on a child’s physical characteristics?

Not up to par

The standards established for physical education lessons do not meet physical abilities modern Russian schoolchildren. This conclusion was reached by specialists from the Research Institute of Hygiene and Health Protection of Children and Adolescents of the Ministry of Health, who conducted a survey among children in the capital. About 87% of schoolchildren find it difficult to meet standards, scientists have found.

For example, more than half of primary and secondary school students have difficulty doing pull-ups, and a third of schoolchildren cannot do push-ups the prescribed number of times. The more difficult it is to do, the less children and adolescents want to show up for physical education. “Only 13.5% of them miss classes more than three times a month,” noted the presenter Researcher Research Institute Anna Sedova. The conclusions drawn from the survey of Moscow schoolchildren are also relevant for other regions, the research institute is confident.

The standards for which schoolchildren are awarded A's are designed for children who fall into the main group due to health reasons.

If we take into account the data of Rospotrebnadzor, there are not so many of them. According to information for the fall, only 12% of the total number of children in Russia are absolutely healthy. Over the decade, schoolchildren began to be diagnosed with twice as many chronic diseases: they were diagnosed in 60% of high school students.

Since January 1, 2018, Russian schools, in a roundabout way, have been allowed to maintain medical confidentiality: in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health, they must receive all the necessary information about the health status of students based on the results of a medical examination. The doctor collects a kind of medical record, determines a group for sports activities, and sends all prescriptions to the school doctor or nurse.

At the same time, one specialist, most often working at several positions in different schools, is divided into several hundred children. In Yakutia, for example, one doctor cares for five thousand children. Health workers often work in shifts at one or another school, which means that at the time of an emergency it simply may not be there. Many specialists left “school medicine,” including because they were not covered by additional payments that, for example, employees of children’s clinics receive.

State Duma deputies are now preparing a bill that will spell out the concept of “school medicine.” Lawmakers, in particular, want to oblige parents to report health problems in children and introduce first aid courses for teachers. The head of the parliamentary committee on health protection, Dmitry Morozov, emphasized that one way or another it is planned to state in the document that health workers should be in both schools and kindergartens.

Voluntary healthy lifestyle

The sad statistics on the number of deaths and injuries in physical education lessons create a vicious circle. On the one hand, exercise is dangerous, and on the other hand, without physical activity it will not be possible to improve the health of children. To kid school age It is necessary to move actively for at least an hour a day, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).

Minimizing health risks is only one step. An equally important task is to ensure that children enjoy going to physical education.

Experts from the Hygiene Research Institute noted that schoolchildren want variety in their lessons. Most of the respondents, for example, would like to have more time for sports games.

Authorities are working to develop a program that will allow the child to develop physical abilities beyond just squats, push-ups and running. An example is the “Sambo to School” project, within the framework of which the third hour of physical education in a number of schools was replaced by a lesson in this type of martial arts. Over the course of seven years, the geography of the project expanded from Moscow to approximately half of the Russian regions. According to the President of the All-Russian and European Sambo Federations Sergei Eliseev, 180 schools are participating in the project, and almost 450 more have submitted applications. In 2018, the federation plans to introduce sambo lessons to thousands more educational institutions. Teachers were wary of the innovation: physical education teachers are already afraid of injuries to their students like fire, and in martial arts classes based on fighting techniques from the folk types of wrestling of the republics of the USSR, the risks are even greater. However, the program developers reassured them: schoolchildren will be taught the principles of self-defense, and not forceful techniques. And if a child shows good results, he will be recommended to take up Sambo at a more advanced level separately.

We don’t teach wrestling in physical education lessons, we teach children how to fall correctly, how to properly free themselves from being grabbed, how to stop a bully on the street. Sambo is a sport that gives you confidence in life.

Sergey Eliseev
President of the All-Russian and European Sambo Federations

For those who do not want to go to Sambo, other options may appear. The city authorities, for example, were thinking about developing school classes in rock climbing, football and cycling.

However, the Ministry of Education is wary of such diversity. “Today in our physical education lessons we have sambo, judo, golf and a lot of things that are completely unnecessary within the lesson,” said deputy head of the department Tatyana Sinyugina. Outside school hours - please, but during lessons - unacceptable. Sinyugina explained this position by the fact that in many regions such innovations benefit influential sports organizations.

There is another reason - before providing diversity, it is necessary to normalize at least the standard physical education set for schoolchildren. For now, he can only discourage children from loving sports. Olympic cross-country skiing medalist Ivan Alypov came to this conclusion after observing a physical education lesson among Ekaterinburg schoolchildren.

“How can you properly teach skiing in such conditions, on such a route, and make sure that children enjoy it?” - the athlete wrote on his Instagram, adding a photo to the post. And in it, schoolchildren are trying to master skiing in a city park, driving around passers-by on a sidewalk barely covered with snow.

Rosobrnadzor will check the quality and safety of physical education lessons in Russian schools in 2018, the head of the department, Sergei Kravtsov, said last week. A large-scale inspection has been brewing for a long time: news reports are constantly replete with reports of children injured in physical education. In just one year, more than 200 schoolchildren died during classes.

Intimidated by a deuce

211 cases of children dying in physical education lessons were recorded in 2016, in October, Minister of Education and Science Olga Vasilyeva. In the same month, a Krasnoyarsk third-grader died during class: a 10-year-old boy became ill during

Not up to par

The standards established for physical education lessons do not correspond to the physical capabilities of modern Russian schoolchildren. This conclusion was reached by specialists from the Research Institute of Hygiene and Health Protection of Children and Adolescents of the Ministry of Health, who were among the capital’s children. About 87% of schoolchildren find it difficult to meet standards, scientists have found.

For example, more than half of primary and secondary school students have difficulty doing pull-ups, and a third of schoolchildren cannot do push-ups the prescribed number of times. The more difficult it is to do, the less children and adolescents want to show up for physical education. “Only 13.5% of them miss classes more than three times a month,” noted Anna Sedova, a leading researcher at the research institute. The conclusions drawn from the survey of Moscow schoolchildren are also relevant for other regions, the research institute is confident.

The standards for which schoolchildren are awarded A's are designed for children who fall into the main group due to health reasons. If we take into account the data of Rospotrebnadzor, there are not so many of them. According to information for the fall, only 12% of the total number of children in Russia. Over the decade, schoolchildren began to be diagnosed with twice as many chronic diseases: they were diagnosed in 60% of high school students.

The head of the Ministry of Education and Science Olga Vasilyeva, commenting on the incident at the Chita school, emphasized that children are often injured in physical education lessons, partly due to the fact that teachers do not know about their health status. And it is impossible to receive medical cards in person due to the provisions of the law on the protection of personal data. Since January 1, 2018, Russian schools have taken a roundabout route to medical confidentiality: in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health, they must receive all the necessary information about the health status of students based on the results of a medical examination. The doctor collects a kind of medical record, determines a group for sports activities, and sends all prescriptions to the school doctor or nurse.

“The information will not go beyond medical staff,” the Ministry of Health emphasized. - For example, knowing that there is a child with a certain diagnosis, they can buy additional drugs for the first aid kit. Or they won’t give you a medicine that the child is allergic to.”

The effectiveness of this measure is questionable, given that most schools do not have health workers. The Research Institute of Hygiene and Protection of Children and Adolescents of the Ministry of Health calculated that the supply of health workers in school and preschool institutions is 60%, and nurses - 77%. At the same time, one specialist, most often working at several positions in different schools, is divided into several hundred children. In Yakutia, for example, one doctor treats 5 thousand children. Health workers often work in shifts at one or another school, which means that at the time of an emergency it simply may not be there. Many specialists left “school medicine,” including because they were not covered by additional payments that, for example, employees of children’s clinics receive.

Psychology classes may appear in schools

Voluntary healthy lifestyle

The sad statistics on the number of deaths and injuries in physical education lessons create a vicious circle. On the one hand, exercise is dangerous, and on the other hand, without physical activity it will not be possible to improve the health of children. A school-age child needs to be active for at least an hour a day, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).

Minimizing health risks is only one step. An equally important task is to ensure that children enjoy going to physical education. Experts from the Hygiene Research Institute noted that schoolchildren want variety in their lessons. Most of the respondents, for example, would like to have more time for sports games.

State Duma deputy proposed extending school education for a year

Teachers were wary of the innovation: physical education teachers are already afraid of injuries to their students like fire, and in martial arts classes based on fighting techniques from the folk types of wrestling of the republics of the USSR, the risks are even greater. However, the program developers reassured them: schoolchildren will be taught the principles of self-defense, and not forceful techniques. And if a child shows good results, he will be recommended to take up Sambo at a more advanced level separately. “We don’t teach wrestling in physical education lessons, we teach children how to fall correctly, how to properly free themselves from being grabbed, how to stop a hooligan on the street. Sambo is a sport that gives you confidence in life,” explained Elissev.

For those who do not want to go to Sambo, other options may appear. The city authorities, for example, were thinking about developing school classes in rock climbing, football and cycling. However, the Ministry of Education is wary of such diversity. “Today in our physical education lessons we have sambo, judo, golf and a lot of things that are completely unnecessary within the lesson,” said deputy head of the department Tatyana Sinyugina. Outside school hours - please, but during lessons - unacceptable. Sinyugina explained this position by the fact that in many regions such innovations benefit influential sports organizations.

I frankly hated physical education at school and often skipped. I was disheartened by the monotony of these lessons, the endless passing of GTO standards that no one subsequently needed, I was irritated by classmates who succeeded, say, in volleyball and therefore considered it necessary to once again reproach me, who was far from passionate about this game, for missed serves, inability to jump high, lack of reaction ...

After they call you names a couple of times, even in the excitement of the game, you somehow don’t want to delve into this process again and ask for “compliments.” Moreover, teenagers take any criticism too seriously, and they remember insults uttered against them for the rest of their lives.

Why am I saying all this? And besides, dear users, in the years that have passed since my quite happy, despite everything, childhood, nothing has changed in terms of physical education! Schoolchildren also do not like this subject, trying to avoid it by all means. Why?

With skis at rush hour

Let's ask ourselves: why are physical education lessons needed at school? If in order to achieve results and pass the “norms”, then for this type of activity there are sports schools and sections, sections of general physical development. And if for general physical training and ensuring health, then why all these goals, points, seconds? Not everyone has long legs to jump high and run fast, not everyone has an accurate eye to throw a ball into a basket, not everyone is easy to climb a rope...

Stretching, flexibility, coordination of movements, the ability to swim (not for seconds, but for yourself), play sports games (not for results, but so that later you can kick the ball with friends for pleasure) or “lift iron” to improve tone and mood - that's what you need. And running around the hall for 45 minutes or cutting circles around the school stadium, endless relay races will discourage anyone.

The second aspect: equipping schools. Where are the large spacious halls, where is the sports equipment, locker rooms with showers? I will never forget how the school where my son studied was ordered to bring... skis to physical education classes in the winter. This school was considered to be of citywide importance; children went there from all over the city. Lessons start at eight in the morning. Therefore, we had to go at rush hour. And here is a child with skis. Can you imagine the picture? The headmistress, who regularly collects voluntary-compulsory “contributions” from parents, reacted indifferently to complaints from parents and the demand to finally purchase the necessary sports equipment for the school. So this disgrace lasted for several seasons.

By the way, about lessons in winter. What does it really look like? From the previous lesson you trot to have time to change clothes: jacket, hat-scarf, ski boots.... Usually this takes 10-15 minutes. After the lesson - also at a trot in order to be on time for the next lesson. Before that, it takes 10-15 minutes to change clothes again. Yes, for another lesson, despite the frantic pace, you are still late and receive a reprimand from the teacher. And then you sit, all sweaty, still not recovered from the ski race, trying to comprehend the essence physical problem or chemical formula. As a rule, this fails. A physics or chemistry lesson passes you by, but a physics lesson, if you add up all the listed nuances, with all this running around and changing clothes, actually takes 25-30 minutes per day. best case scenario. And then what is the point of such physical training? Just some kind of parody! Or a formality, another act “for show,” of which there are many in our school.

An important detail: despite the fact that I hated physical education throughout my ten school years, at the same time I enjoyed going to the skating rink in the evenings, voluntarily and persistently learning the basics of figure skating. Why? Yes, for a simple reason. This was not done under pressure, nor for some “TRP standards” or other boring obligations. And, what is very important, it brought me pleasure, which physical education lessons do not give children, no matter how much you cry! But that’s the trick. Physical education lessons should be fun! Then the healthy lifestyle, which is talked about so much now, will really take root in the vast latitudes of Mother Russia. In the meantime, children perceive physical education lessons as a difficult task.

Punishment or conscious need?

So, the main thing that physical education lessons at school should instill is an interest in sports. But we are still not very good at popularizing sports. Beer is being popularized with passion. And a healthy lifestyle is somewhere in tenth place. Often the propaganda of physical education is carried out in conjunction with some party (which gives additional negativity in a certain environment).

Many parents prefer to give their child an exemption from physical education so that he can study languages or music. Unfortunately, in our city you rarely see a family going out to the forest or park to ski on the weekend. Plus, there is poor equipment in gyms and a shortage of physical education teachers, especially young ones. An elderly physical education teacher, you must admit, cannot motivate to play sports in the same way as a young one - with gorgeous abs, pumped up muscles, always in a cheerful mood and blooming health.

Let's involve experts in the topic.

Inna Igorevna, parent:“I recently learned that our physical education teachers are trained according to outdated standards. Instead of teachers, they train trainers. Hence, probably, the tediousness in the lessons and the complete lack of creative pedagogical thought. It is necessary that classes be conducted in a playful way! And physical education teachers insist on mandatory compliance with standards.”

Misha Maltsev, ninth grade student:“Our physical education teacher usually makes fun of children in front of the whole class for not being able to meet the standards. I don’t know about anyone, but I have a lifelong aversion to physical education because of this.”

Lera, eleventh grade student:“I consider it the height of stupidity to run after a ball or simply run from one corner of the gym to another. If everything is fine with my figure, and I don’t pretend to win medals and cups, but I want to calmly enroll in the PR department, then why should I waste my time and sweat in physical training?! This is an absolutely useless activity that gives absolutely nothing; they could just as well have introduced the basics of milking cows into the compulsory program.”

Dmitry Semenov, Deputy Chairman of the Public Youth Chamber at the Legislative Assembly Chelyabinsk region: “Children often skip physical education because they perceive it as something optional. And one more psychological aspect: they are afraid that they will be laughed at if they fail to cope with some task. This forms complexes, especially during adolescence.

I think that in order to interest schoolchildren in this subject, there should be a program so that children can choose what to do in physical education. Tennis or basketball, or maybe aerobics? And, of course, to create interest in this subject, you need sports equipment in sufficient quantities and variety, spacious gyms with modern exercise equipment and showers.”

Alexander Popov, director of physics and mathematics lyceum No. 31: “ Physical education is an economic issue. Now, at the proposal of the president of the country, a third hour a week of physical education has been introduced, so what? Is there an economic justification for this decision? The existing halls cannot accommodate three physical education lessons. Schools are struggling with how to fulfill this requirement and are turning to pedagogical officials for help. And they responded: rent additional rooms. Where can I get the money for this?

And then, another substantive question: where can we get enough personnel to provide the increased number of physical education lessons? In a word, this decision turned out to be ill-conceived. As the wise Chernomyrdin said: “We wanted the best, but it turned out as always.”

Gennady Uskov, chief specialist of the Ministry of Health of the Chelyabinsk region in physical therapy and sports medicine, master of sports of the USSR, doctor medical sciences, professor: “Physical education is punitive in nature, perceived by schoolchildren as punishment. And you need to make sports fun! As a result, children now have low levels of physical fitness. There are no special medical groups for weakened children with health problems; they are generally excluded from the process. Meanwhile, we need to create a conscious need for regular physical education! It is necessary to teach children to do physical exercise on their own!

A low level of physical development and a sedentary lifestyle lead to physical inactivity. This affects your health. Everyone is now talking about increasing life expectancy. But with this approach physical culture(and therefore health) that we have, we will not be able to achieve this for a long time.

And, of course, specialists in the field of physical education must be more prepared, master modern techniques. And the classes themselves need to be made more diverse.

I've been to the USA. So there with everyone educational institution great training facilities! Sports halls, a swimming pool and almost golf courses. Moreover, the guys are engaged in fi-roy to choose from: if you want, go to sports dancing, if you want, go to shaping, and if you want, then take up bodybuilding. The point, I repeat, is that playing sports should give the child joy! Then it will stick with him at the subconscious level, and he will strive to get this joy again. A. means he will not give up training in the future, throughout his life.

But our generations are getting worse, less physically developed. Boys cannot do 40 push-ups, as required in the army. And the girls have their own army coming up - childbirth. They need to train their abdominals and legs to withstand the stress ahead. But the guys themselves are weakened and, growing up, give birth to even more weakened offspring. Children are born weaker and weaker!

There is an urgent need to change something in the presentation of such a subject as physical education. But this, of course, is not a short conversation...”

So how can children fall in love with physical education? What do you think about this problem?