All-Union rallies of pioneers. Briefly about the All-Union Pioneer Meetings. Sign "Full member of RPO "Ramenki"

Active, Activist

The word "active" comes from the Latin "activius", that is, "active".

An activist is one who acts.

Pioneer asset - active, active guys who have a permanent assignment as a pioneer.

"Artek"- a pioneer camp in the Crimea, at the foot of the Bear Mountain. It was opened in 1925. Artek is a leader school not only for Soviet pioneers, but also for children from more than 100 countries of the world. It hosted the International Children's Festival "Let there always be sunshine!". IN Soviet times a ticket to Artek was considered a prestigious award for both Soviet and foreign children. Within the same school, the best of the pioneers were awarded vouchers according to numerous indicators (participation in the affairs of the pioneer team, behavior, academic performance, etc.).

Drum

The drum gathers the detachment with a ringing shot: “tra-ta-ta, tra-ta-tam! There-tra-ta-there! There-ta-ta-there!” The flag is solemnly brought in. But "tra-ta-ta ... tra-ta-ta ... tra-ta-ta ...". Anxiety! Hurry pioneer to the rescue! The drummer is always near the bugler. Together they march on the right flank of the pioneer detachment. Be a drummer, be brave, step ahead and call ahead

counselor

Pioneer leader. He is like a teacher, because he knows a lot and can teach a lot. He looks like guys. The same cheerful and restless, a hunter for various undertakings and adventures.

Newspaper

Pionerskaya Pravda has been published since 1925. In the newspaper one could read about the life of a large country. She was an organizer of pioneer affairs. With her, you could learn a new song, joke and laugh.

Tie

Pioneer tie - a particle of the red banner. Three ends and a strong knot. This is how three generations of fighters for communism are connected with each other - communists, Komsomol members and pioneers.

The red tie appeared earlier than the first pioneer detachments. In 1919, children took part in the May Day demonstration along with the adults. The workers had red flags in their hands, and the guys tied red scarves around their chests so that everyone could see: the future builders of the new world are coming!

Millions Soviet people wore pioneer ties.

Horn

German wind instrument.

The bugler wakes up first and wakes everyone up: “Get up, my friend, get up!” he gives a cheerful signal: "Take a spoon, take bread, get ready for dinner!" he accompanies him to sleep in the evening.

Palace or House of Pioneers

This is the headquarters of the entire city pioneer. The main gatherings and rallies are held here, documents of its history are kept. Pioneers come to his rooms and halls, workshops and laboratories to do what they love in their free time from school.

Chronicle of the events of the Palace of Children's (Youth) Creativity

• 1934 - the Republican House of Artistic Education of Children was opened.
• 1953 March - DKhVD was reorganized into the city House of Pioneers and Schoolchildren.
• This date is considered the date of birth of the House - the Palace of Pioneers.
• 1980 February - opening of the building of the Palace of Pioneers and Schoolchildren, Kirov, 17.
• 1995 With the collapse of the USSR and the reorganization of the All-Union Pioneer Organization, the Palace of Pioneers and Schoolchildren was renamed the Palace of Youth Creativity.
• 2000 Legal name of the organizationMunicipal educational institution additional education children "Palace of children's (youthful) creativity"
• 2015 Legal name of the organization Municipal educational institution of additional education "Palace of children's (youth) creativity"

Motto

The motto of the Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization is:

Pioneer, to fight for the cause of the Communist Party Soviet Union be ready!

And the pioneer replies:

Always ready!

What does this call mean?

A call to fight for the happiness of the people.

Willingness to fulfill any task of the Motherland. And not later, when you become an adult, but now and every minute of your life.

Druzhina

In the old days, this was the name of a detachment of brave warriors - a squad. Heroic deeds were within the power of the fighting squad.

The pioneers also have squads. One pioneer will plant a tree. The link will plant some trees. The detachment will get an alley. And the squad has a park.

The squad has its own headquarters - the council of the squad, the very first friend and assistant is the senior counselor.

The squad has a shrine - the squad banner.

Journal

"Pioneer" - a magazine of the pioneer organization, its cover depicts the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. In the magazine you can read the stories of warrior heroes, workers, grain growers and scientists; novels, short stories and poems. Each issue has pages that talk about an interesting pioneering work and invite you to take part in it. The magazine is the same organizer as the newspaper. Under the pioneer, the All-Union Headquarters of Timur was created, and the tasks of this headquarters were carried out by millions of Timurites throughout the country.

The laws of the pioneers of the Soviet Union

The law is a rule of life and behavior, obligatory for all citizens of the country.

Pioneers are young citizens of the USSR, they must also follow the law of their country.

The country of the Pioneers has its own laws, rules that are mandatory for everyone who wears a red tie. There are eight laws, and each tells how to be, how to act and how to live as a young pioneer.

• The pioneer is devoted to the motherland, the party, communism.
• Pioneer is preparing to become a member of the Komsomol.
• The pioneer keeps alignment with the heroes of struggle and labor.
• Pioneer honors the memory of the fallen fighters and is preparing to become the defender of the Motherland.
• The pioneer is persistent in learning, work and sports.
• The pioneer is an honest and faithful comrade, always boldly standing up for the truth.
• Pioneer comrade and leader of the October.
• The pioneer is a friend to the pioneers and to the children of the working people of all countries.

"Zarnitsa"

Zarnitsa is a pioneer military sports game. In the game, young army guys play the roles of: shooter, scout, signalman, orderly, military correspondent, cook. They study military affairs, get acquainted with the life and exploits of heroes, and prepare for the defense of the Motherland. Combat generals command the game.

Link

The pioneer detachment consists of links. The guys gather in a link according to their interests, if they wish, to do useful work, to carry out pioneer assignments together, to spend their free time together.

The link chooses a commander - a link. Fair, smart, demanding, funny. The main concern of the link and the link one is that each pioneer should have an interesting life.

Banner

The national flag of the USSR is red. The pioneer banner is also red.

Red is the color of the blood shed by the workers' freedom fighters. It is the color of struggle and victory. Under the banner, the pioneers make a Solemn Promise - an oath to be faithful to the precepts of Lenin.

Banner Brigade

Icon

The badge of the pioneers of the 1930s was a tie clip badge.

The badge of the pioneers of the war years is not easy to find, because it was made independently from tin or red material.

The pioneer badge familiar to us appeared in 1964.

The five-pointed star is the emblem of our great Motherland.

In the center of the star is the silhouette of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin: the All-Union Pioneer Organization bore the name of Lenin.

Above the star are three tongues of flame, symbolizing the strong connection of three generations: communists, Komsomol members, pioneers.

A pioneer is always ready to fight for the cause of the Communist Party, and these words are “Always ready!” - are written on the badge.

Pioneer Action Zone

Each pioneer squad has its own small territory over which they patronize, i.e. help veterans, disabled people, children, take care, repair, play. This is a pioneer zone. In the zone of pioneer action, pioneers are responsible for everything.

International is the anthem of all communists in the world. He was born in France in 1871, when the brave fighters of the Paris Commune fought on the barricades.

On the Latin“inter” means “between”, “nation” means “people”. "International" means "international".

Bonfire pioneer (in appearance it resembles a large hut of branches).

The most interesting pioneer camps are by the fire.

The most cordial meetings are at the fire.

The most excited conversations and the wildest dreams are around the campfire.

The most sonorous songs are by the fire.

The fire flame on the pioneer badge reminds you: live, pioneer, so that people around you feel warm, light and interesting.

Pioneer Organization Book of Honor

Red Rangers

Red Rangers are pioneers who search through old documents, a hero's name in a newspaper, a veteran's memoirs, old photographs. As a result of the search, they open museums of military and labor glory in schools in order to tell the pioneer children about the heroes of their time.

Camp

Pioneer camp is an organization of summer recreational recreation for children of pioneer age.

The largest pioneer camps are "Artek" and "Eaglet" near the Black Sea, "Zubrenok" in Belarus, "Young Guard" near Odessa, "Ocean" - on the Pacific coast.

Ruler

Why "line"? Because exactly, as if on a ruler, the guys are built when the bugle calls them to gather a detachment or squad. The pioneer on the line is taut and cheerful.

The solemn line is a great holiday, when, to the sounds of horns and the drumming of drums, the hand itself takes off in a salute towards the squad banner.

March of the pioneer detachments

The All-Union march of pioneer detachments is several directions of good deeds towards a bright and just future.

• "My Motherland is the USSR"
• "To the Land of Knowledge"
• "Peace and Solidarity"
• "Pionerstroy"
• "In the world of beauty"
• "Strong, brave, smart"
• "Timurovets"
• "Star"

Reward - In the country of Pioneers there are many awards for the deserving.

In the detachment, in the squad, the best are given gratitude. It is a great honor to be photographed at the unfurled banner of the squad. Certificates of Honor from the Central Council of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after V.I. Lenin.

For successes on the All-Union march of pioneer detachments, squads and detachments are awarded the title of right-flank. Ribbons of honor are adorned with replacements and flags. The most active guys are awarded the badge "For active work".

October - future pioneers (8-10 years old).

October Rules:

• The Octobrists are diligent guys, they love school, they respect their elders.
• Only those who love work are called Octobrists.
• The Octoberites are truthful, courageous, dexterous and skillful.
• The October people are friendly guys, they read and draw, play and sing, they live happily.

The pioneer detachment leads the October group, which is divided into stars.

Squad - this is your pioneer group, school class, or camp team.

Song -

"Rise the fires"

"Potato", etc.

Pioneer - it means first.

Pioneers were people who settled new, newly discovered lands.

Pioneers are those who pave the way into the unknown, fearlessly striding ahead. In the Soviet Union, the pioneers were children aged 10 to 14 who helped adults build a new and happy life.

pioneer organization - On May 19, 1922, the II All-Russian Conference of the Komsomol decided: let there be detachments of pioneers everywhere, following the example of Moscow. This day became the birthday of the pioneer organization.

The first detachment in Izhevsk was organized in May 1922.

Pioneer insignia – insignia of pioneer commanders - on a chevron, which is sewn on the left sleeve of the shirt. Like the military, these are stars. A small star in the middle of the chevron - at the leader of the link, at the member of the detachment council.

Two small stars - from the chairman of the council of the detachment, from the members of the council of the squad.

Three small stars - from the chairman of the council of the squad, from a member of the city headquarters of the pioneers.

Four small stars - the chairman of the city headquarters.

One big star is the leader of the detachment.

Two big stars - the senior pioneer leader, the members of the city council of pioneers.

Three big stars - the chairman of the city council and a member of the regional council of pioneers.

order- the case that the detachment gives to the pioneer. Orders are different. For the entire academic year - a leader, a member of the detachment council, a newspaper editor. Or maybe a one-time assignment - to set up a photo booth, invite a veteran to a meeting. Hold a competition, etc. Any assignment must be completed on time and conscientiously.

Report - oral or written report, report on the completion of the task, the obligations assumed. Report of the right-flank pioneer detachments on the work done for the year.

Salute

Salute is a pioneer greeting.

Five fingers in a salute are tightly pressed to each other. This is a symbol: the children of the working people of the five parts of the world are so united.

The Pioneer raises his palm above his head, as if to say: "I put common cause, common interests above personal ones."

With a salute, the pioneer salutes his leaders, the pioneer and military formation, the red banner, the raising of the State flag, the performance of the National Anthem, at the monuments to the fighters for the freedom of their homeland.

Collection

Gathering is a holiday. With the removal of the detachment flag or the banner of the squad, with the solemn song of the bugle "Listen to everyone!"

Gathering is a business conversation and discussion of a common cause for the pioneers.

Gathering

The rally is the country's main pioneer gathering. Pioneers come together to talk about the most important things in the life of their organization.

The first All-Union Gathering of Pioneers took place in the summer of 1929 in Moscow.

The second rally was held in 1962 in Artek - it was dedicated to the 40th anniversary of the pioneer organization.

3rd in 1967

The Fourth All-Union Rally took place in the city of Leningrad, on the anniversary of the 100th anniversary of V.I. Lenin in 1970.

The fifth - in "Artek" in 1972. Its delegates were the right-flank March "Always ready!".

Advice

The main organizer of detachment life is the detachment council, and the main organizer of squad life is the squad council. The council gives instructions, checks, helps, advises.

Solidarity

Friendship with foreign peers is the law of pioneer life. To be friends means to help, to do good to a distant friend, if necessary, to fight for his freedom.

Sport

Everyone can become healthy and strong, dexterous and courageous if they do exercises in the morning. Sport not only makes you healthy, but also helps to educate the will. The All-Union Sports Complex is called "Ready for Labor and Defense of the USSR".

The first stage of this complex is just for the guys of pioneer age. Competitions will help to measure strength with rivals:

• Young hockey players for the prize of the club "Golden Puck"
• Young football players for the prize of the club "Leather ball"
• Young swimmers "Neptune"
• Checkers and chess tournaments "Miracle Checkers" and "White Rook"
• Skiing competitions for the prize of the Pionerskaya Pravda newspaper,
• Relay games "Fun Starts",
• Athletics quadrathlon "Friendship" ...

All these and other competitions are included in the program of the All-Union Children's Sports Games "Starts of Hopes".

Timurovtsy - this was the name of the detachments of pioneers who took care of the families of those who served in the Soviet Red Army, veterans of war and labor.

The name of one of the routes of the All-Union march of pioneer detachments. The motto of the Timurovites is: “Joy to the people!”.

The ideological inspirer - the writer A. Gaidar wrote the book "Timur and his team." The book vividly presents the main Timurov rule: do not wait for a call and an order. Try to see for yourself where your skillful hands, your kind heart are needed. Manage to do everything calmly and modestly, not counting on praise and reward, but simply rejoicing that everyone around is doing well.

solemn promise – the most important words in the life of every pioneer. He says them once, joining the ranks of the pioneer organization, in front of the formation of his comrades. This is not just a promise, but an oath, as inviolable as a military oath.

“I, ……………………… joining the ranks of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, in the face of my comrades solemnly promise: to love my Motherland passionately, to live, study and fight, as the great Lenin bequeathed, as the Communist Party teaches always comply with the laws of the pioneers of the Soviet Union.

Doctrine- a journey into the world of knowledge, the world is fascinating and boundless. The route “To the Land of Knowledge” is the main pioneer route, and teaching is the main pioneer work.

Squad flag - younger brother of the squad banner. It is red like a flag. The detachment goes with the flag to the line, collection, rally, to the parade, on an excursion and on a hike. On the flag you can see the number of the squad, or the name of the hero, which is assigned to the squad.

A detachment flag, like a banner, can only be entrusted to the best pioneer. It is an honor.

Scouts and others.

Scout in translation from Polish is a hero, this is the name of a children's organization in Poland,

• In Bulgaria - "Septemvriyche" (September),
• In the GDR - Telman pioneers,
• In England - "Forest People",
• In Austria - "Young Guard",
• In France - "Pioneers of France".

They speak in different languages, but they have a lot in common: their goals and ideas are close, they like to be together, work together, have fun together. Pioneers help the elders to build a new and just life.

You can find out about your peers abroad at the International Friendship Club (KID).

Honour - it is a good name for a man.

Honor is what other people respect a person for: an honest life, honest work, an honest word.

Junkor - young correspondent for a newspaper or magazine. First appeared when the first pioneer newspapers appeared in 1924.

PIONEER 4:
My other Vanya and I were like that. Inveterate. Well, we have already buried Tsoi. At all. And we are parents, so every year so - in July to Vanya's grandmother in the village, August, for a couple of weeks - Oka pioneer camp. In the village, we were still somewhere ... back and forth ... we drank moonshine with the villagers. Well, how they drank ... You yourself understand how we drank ... But we had fun like that. Tsoi was listened to with the villagers. The camp was... well, we hated it. Together, of course, more fun, but in general, sucks, of course. Construction ... Lightning ... Well, we have always been such dissidents there. We were hated by all the counselors. Well, it's just a joy for us. We ran away - well, not seriously, but to get everyone stuck. Here you go. And this summer was completely unbearable, well, we are healthy moose, we saw everyone in the coffin. How we were not driven this summer, I do not know. We are 14 years old. 91 years old Well, then on August 19 ... there, of course, no TV, no radio, no newspapers, nothing. And so it just happened by chance that our other sidekick overheard the conversation of the counselors. And he comes running to us with a bulging face and yells: Gorbachev was killed!

We: how, what?

That's it. We almost sobbed - we were waiting for changes, well, we have waited. And he told us somehow about it that it was really like Gorbachev was killed. "They say on TV that he is ill, no one has seen him, where is the guarantee that they did not kill him?" Where are the guarantees, right?

And no one drives us anywhere, does not collect anything. We ourselves went to the counselors - what is happening in the country? They say nothing is happening. We say - do not fool your head? - They say - we will not talk about these topics. Everyone's eyes are moving. Those were vigorous Komsomol members, but here they were somehow confused.

On the 19th we sat in the camp. On the 20th, they fled to the village, there was no money for a bus, they threw us out, hitchhiked, what to do there? A man is standing on the street with a transistor, listening to some "Valenki". Well, not "Valenki", of course. We are to him - please let me hear the news. They didn't understand anything. We rushed to the telephone exchange, we call our parents. No money left! How to call? They lied to some kind-hearted aunt that we live in the camp, a friend got sick, we really need to call his mother. Why she believed us, I don’t know, but she gave money. Vanka did not get through, I got through, my father came up, I shout: dad, what happened? - He says: this is not a telephone conversation. And separated.

Well, we're pretty screwed up here.

And on the 21st, we again fled to the village, already with another guy, he had money, we drove straight to the same guy with the transistor. He didn't give a damn, he let us in and even gave us potatoes. Sit, he says, watch TV. Well, we looked. Until night they watched, shouted and sang Tsoi. If I were that guy, I'd kicked us out a long time ago. And he went to bed. We woke up - yes, we also drank vodka from him without permission, woke up - two in the morning. There is no bus, nothing. They lay down to sleep on the floor. Where in the morning? Home? but clothes in the camp, you have to pick up. We arrived, there was panic - three boys were gone. Well, we are recidivists, of course, so no one was seriously worried, but like discipline. And then the leader there alone began to yell that we had violated the charter. And then, as we were waiting, they yelled at him in unison: your time is up. We were safely kicked out of the camp, but we were happy.

I ALL-UNION CONFERENCE OF PIONEERS

From 18 to 25 August 1929 The 1st meeting of the pioneers of the country took place in Moscow. It has become a truly universal affair. In May-August, local rallies were held in all parts of the USSR, at which the results of the work carried out with the pioneers were summed up and 6,738 delegates were elected to the All-Union Pioneers' rally. During the days of the rally, the 1st All-Union Pioneer Spartakiad, the All-Union Review of the Pioneers' Artistic Work, the 1st All-Union Conference of Pioneers, the day of "bondage" with the Red Army, and the 1st International Children's Congress were held. The delegates discussed the "Order of the meeting", in which the country's pioneers were explained their specific participation in the fulfillment of the tasks of the first five-year plan.

II All-Union meeting of pioneers

On July 10-18, 1962, the II All-Union Meeting of Pioneers took place in Artek. It was attended by 2250 delegates and 550 representatives of foreign children's organizations. The rally summed up the results of the two-year period “Pioneers to the Motherland!” and launched the All-Union competition for the best pioneer detachment under the motto "The name of Lenin is in everyone's heart, we will prove loyalty to the party by deed!". Days of protection of peace, memory of heroes, sports, arts were held at the rally.

The pioneers of the 1960s, together with the adults, were actively involved in building communism in our country. Collection of scrap metal for the power lines of the Nazarovskaya State District Power Plant and the Bratskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant in 1963, 100 thousand Lenin tractors for the 100th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Lenin - the work of Pionerstroy.

In January 1967, the All-Union military-sports game of the pioneers "Zarnitsa" started, in June 1969 - the All-Union chess tournament of pioneer squads for the prize of world champions "White Rook".

III All-Union Gathering of Pioneers

July 15 - August 5, 1967 Artek hosted the III All-Union Gathering of Pioneers. It was attended by 4054 delegates and 442 representatives of children's organizations from 47 countries in Europe, Asia, America, Africa and Australia. The rally summed up the results of the All-Union Review of Pioneer Squads “Shine, Leninist Stars!”, which took place in 1964-1967. During the rally, the day of the hero, the day of peace, friendship and solidarity were held; day of revolutionary, combat and labor traditions; holiday of the Red Banner. Divided into international brigades, the delegates and guests worked at various Crimean enterprises to fund Vietnam. The rally was welcomed by the first cosmonaut of the Earth Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin.

IV All-Union Gathering of Pioneers

June 30 - July 3, 1970 The 4th All-Union Gathering of Pioneers took place in Leningrad. It was attended by 1023 delegates, 24 of them were awarded commemorative medals “For Valiant Labor. In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. The delegates visited Smolny, visited the hut of V.I. The delegates reported to the Komsomol that the pioneers had fulfilled their obligation to donate scrap metal for 100,000 tractors to the Motherland on the birthday of V.I. Lenin. At the rally, in response to the appeal of the XVI Congress of the Komsomol, the delegates adopted the "Pioneer Word to the Komsomol" and launched the All-Union March of Pioneer Detachments under the motto "Always Ready!" Dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after V.I. Lenin.

On May 18, 1972, in connection with the 50th anniversary of its founding and for the great work in raising children, the All-Union Pioneer Organization was awarded the second Order of Lenin.

V All-Union Gathering of Pioneers

July 29 - August 4, 1972 Artek hosted the 5th All-Union Gathering of Pioneers. It was attended by 3291 delegates and representatives of children's and youth organizations from 59 countries. Pioneers reported on the fulfillment of the order of the XVI Congress of the Komsomol. The rally summed up the work of the pioneer organization of the country in preparation for the 50th anniversary of the pioneers. Conferences “Multi-colored ties at the round table”, the holiday “Wide is my native country”, the day of memory of heroes, the day of solidarity with the peoples fighting for national liberation, the holiday “Salute to Gaidar!” and others. The rally launched a new stage of the All-Union march of pioneer detachments under the motto "Always ready!".

On January 23, 1974, on the day of the 50th anniversary of the assignment of the pioneer organization named after Lenin, a All-Union gathering of pioneer detachments under the motto "Pioneers of the whole country are faithful to the cause of Lenin!".

May 9, 1975 in Pionerskaya Pravda, an appeal was published by the pioneers of the O. Koshevoy team of Moscow school No. 681 and the Berlin school named after O. Koshevoy to peers from fraternal socialist countries to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the Victory over fascism with worthy deeds - to go through the roads of units Soviet army, anti-fascist underground, resistance movement; to collect materials for museums and corners of military glory, to surround war veterans and anti-fascists with care; hold international meetings under the motto "Salute, Victory!". The call was supported. results common work on a worthy meeting of the great holiday of anti-fascists were discussed at the international children's festival“Salute, Victory!”, which took place in August 1975 in Artek. From here the next stage of the All-Union march of pioneer detachments started under the motto "We take an example from the communists!".

M.-L., Gosizdat, 1930. 32 p. from ill. (autotypes). Circulation 30,000 copies. Price 20 kop. In col. publishing constructivist cover. 22x18 cm. Very rare!

Photobooks about pioneer rallies are very curious. "Rally" by Oleg Schwartz (1930) tells about the first pioneer rally, which took place in August 1929. On August 18, 7,000 delegates and more than 40,000 guests gathered near the Dynamo stadium. The rally worked for a week: there was a sports contest and a pioneer conference, a children's communist congress and a carnival.

The use of photographs in the design of books was practiced as early as the end of the 19th century, but in the second half of the 1920s and early 1930s. this technique was radically rethought, received a special urgency and relevance, and above all - thanks to the efforts of the constructivists. The interest of the masters of this circle in the photographic image, which for them became the embodiment of modernity, technology, and factual accuracy, is quite natural. Working with bulky photographic equipment gave the artist a flattering resemblance to the proletarian, protected him from subjectivism and taste, gave rise to radical experiments. The possibilities of the new art seemed to many enthusiasts to be truly limitless; in their opinion, photography could not only compete on equal terms with traditional forms of creativity that had centuries of history, but also had to completely oust them from the cultural space of modernity in the near future. “For propaganda creativity, realistic depiction was needed, created with the highest possible technique and possessing graphic clarity and sharpness of impression,” G. Klutsis argued. “The old forms of art (drawing, painting, engraving) turned out to be insufficient in their backward technique and methods of agitprop-needs of the revolution". “The lens of a camera is the pupil of a cultured person in a socialist society,” wrote A. Rodchenko. He became so interested in experimenting with the camera that he abandoned painting for several decades. Not only to him, but also to a number of innovators, the creation of even the most avant-garde easel paintings seemed an absurd anachronism. By the mid 1920s. many masters of the "Left Front" were already tired of replicating the formulas of abstract art, and photography gave them an excellent opportunity to revive the appearance of books, posters, postcards, without resorting to a "handicraft", approximate drawing. In addition, working with photographic material directly brought the work of the artists of the book closer to the aesthetics of the youngest, but also the most popular, mass art of those years, cinematography, made it possible to borrow and rethink effective techniques for enhancing visual expressiveness, sharp montage juxtaposition of individual images. By the way, it was the schoolchildren of the 1920-1930s. were the most passionate and grateful movie fans, they were ready to watch their favorite films dozens of times. Photography found its widest application primarily in the design of the covers of political and technical publications of those years; in a children's book it is much less common. The photographic image, by its nature - naturalistic, overloaded with many details, dependent on the nuances of lighting and perspective, for all its persuasiveness, was still quite difficult for the perception of the youngest readers. Artists developed simple but effective ways of adapting a child to an unusual plastic language: not whole pictures were used, but images of people and objects cut along the contour, they were combined with drawings, drawings, typeset compositions. And yet, bright, concise drawings looked much more appropriate and convincing on the pages of "picture books". Most often, photographs were placed in publications for children of middle and older school age , and mainly devoted to industrial topics. Criticism saw a double reason in this: firstly, the photo language protected the sacred image of the worker from inappropriate "formalistic" distortions, and secondly, the picture gave a visual representation of the structure of machine tools and other mechanisms, which was not easy to understand even for the most experienced draftsman. However, there are also cases of photographic illustrations of books of a completely different plan. The examples presented in this section provide an opportunity to get acquainted with a variety of strategies for using photography in children's and youth books; Moscow editions of the early 1930s predominate here. It is worth noting that many of the masters represented: A. Rodchenko, G. Klutsis, S. Senkin, S. Telingater, R. Karmen, V. Gruntal were members of the October group (1928-1932), which included figures of various arts, ready for bold aesthetic experiments. As A. Lavrentiev notes, despite the numerous and inevitable political declarations in those years, which were made by the leaders of the association, it was "the last grouping, based mostly on creative, and not on political and organizational guidelines." An important merit of the photo section of "October", where, along with the masters, promising amateur photographers were accepted, was the development of a new style of reportage shooting. A whole generation of photographers was formed here, distinguished by non-trivial plastic thinking. In addition to professional development, they had to regularly appear in the press, maintain direct contact with production, and lead photo circles in the field. In domestic photography of this period, as in other types of creativity, there was a sharp struggle of different directions, it found its expression in the art of the book. The main conflict arose between the old school of "artistic" photography and the supporters of the new documentary journalistic aesthetics, who resolutely expelled all sorts of old-fashioned "beautifulness" from their work. If the representatives of the old school cultivated a style that largely imitated the methods of painting of the Art Nouveau era: impressionistic flickering of tones, blurring of image contours, spectacular textural accents, etc., then for innovators such an approach was completely unacceptable. “I was an ardent opponent of the so-called artistic photography,” recalls the famous documentary filmmaker R. Karmen, who began his career as a photojournalist for the Ogonyok and Thirty Days magazines, the Working Moscow and Evening Moscow newspapers. I saw artistry in the use of the properties of photographic technique, that is, in optics, chiaroscuro, composition, shutter speed. I was convinced that photography should not slavishly copy painting, I believed that the art of photography should be asserted in its own original ways. In his memoirs, the director emphasizes that the origins of a new understanding of the possibilities of documentary photography were a whole galaxy of photojournalists of the 1920s, for whom “strength and expressiveness were not in foggy sunsets shot with a monocle, not in picturesque“ pictures ”of the fading Russian landowner estates. The new art of photography reflected life, our Soviet reality". Particularly significant and relevant in those years were, of course, photo essays about grandiose construction projects, about the work of factories, factories, collective farms. Such materials (accompanied by optimistic, "ideologically sustained" verbal comments) were published in large quantities on the pages of illustrated magazines, often they were also issued in separate editions, including for a youthful audience.For example, V. Lanzetti's photographs in essays on Turksib and Dneprostroy not only enliven, concretize the text, but also structure it, give the whole book a clear and rapid rhythm.Of course, the designer cannot ignore the contrasts of old and new life, but comparisons are given unobtrusively, and sometimes even gracefully. So, on the cover of "Turksib" (1930) by V. Shklovsky, a caravan of camels slowly wandering through the desert and a rushing train are compared, while the author's signature is located in such a way that it resembles a cloud of smoke escaping from the chimney of a steam locomotive. Pathetic images of the realities of technological progress, authentic types of enthusiastic "new people" are also given in such publications as "30 Horses" (1931), "Armored Forces" (1932), "Wings of the Soviets" (1930). Most of the innovative photographers were not satisfied with the protocol, impartial fixation of the events taking place before their eyes, the calm and business-like statement of facts. Denying in every possible way in their declarations any manifestations of "art", the representatives of the new direction very quickly developed their favorite tricks, which at first shocked the viewer, but soon became fashionable. In their work, as critics rightly noted, there was no less aestheticism than in the works of their predecessors, but it was already a different kind of aestheticism, which had a much more radical avant-garde orientation. The search for new expressive means was accompanied by extremely interesting and useful experiments. “From my passion for live sketches of life, everyday life, from filming a reportage, sports filming, I often rushed into a purely formal search,” writes Carmen. I tested the properties of optics to bring out the thematically main element in my shot, bringing secondary details out of focus and sharply delineating the main pictorial elements. I was also engaged in these searches for the properties of optics in the shooting of a portrait and details of a machine tool. I also experimented in the chiaroscuro range - revealing the main element with a bright beam of light or, conversely, drawing it with a silhouette spot, highlighting the background. Enthusiastic and thoughtful, I worked on the problems of linear composition of the frame. Under the influence of A. Rodchenko, sharp and unusual shooting angles entered the practice of many photographers; compositions were often built diagonally, they combined different projections of one object, even familiar everyday objects, shown “top down” or “bottom up”, were deformed beyond recognition. The results of such laboratory research were introduced into everyday reporter work, the publication of such photographs in books and magazines taught the reader to the possibility of a new, fresh, paradoxical view of the world. The influence of experiments of this kind is felt, for example, in R. Carmen's photo essay "Aerosled" (1931), dedicated to the Leningrad-Moscow run. During the period of work on this edition, the author was already a student at VGIK. The introduction to a new profession, to cinematic aesthetics, to disputes over the principles of montage is especially noticeable in the way the designer arranges his photographs in the space of the book: panoramas are interrupted by close-ups, the camera snatches expressive details from the overall picture, to enhance the dynamics of the image, images alternate with text in a checkerboard pattern. okay. The novice film reporter, keen on finding the most accurate and effective solutions, managed to capture in the book not only a fascinating story about a specific event, but also his enthusiastic youthful attitude. Another, much more daring and risky experience of introducing experimental photography into a children's book is presented in the work of V. Gruntal and G. Yablonovsky "What is it?" (1932). In the early 1930s on the pages of the Proletarian Photo magazine, the prospects for the development of a photo novel, a photo poem, a photo film were discussed in detail, in which the main narrative would be conducted in a visual language, with minimal verbal comments. It seemed to the theorists of those years that photography was quite capable of taking on the functions of traditional genres of fiction, and it was precisely such publications that the modern reader needed. The book "What is it?" - an original application for a new genre of visual literature, a one-of-a-kind collection of photo puzzles. The structure of the publication is very peculiar. The visual sequence consists of a series of mysterious pictures, as a rule, these are fragments of photographs taken from unusual angles, under unusual lighting, or data at high magnification. Each of the pictures is accompanied by a certain arithmetic problem - only by solving it, the reader can find out the number of the visual clue placed at the end of the book, where this thing is presented in an easily recognizable form. For example, a panorama of a densely sown field is actually just a magnified photo of a shoe brush; burning lamps turn into eggs lying on a dark background; the cherries turn out, upon closer examination, to be the heads of matches. Of course, such a purely playful approach to the material intrigued and captivated young readers, developed their imagination. The responses to this book emphasized the great potential inherent in the genre invented by the authors: “A photographic lens, catching a close-up of some detail of a thing familiar to a child, renews the feeling of this thing. The child is worried. A photographic lens can reveal to him a different combination of scales, pushes his curiosity, expands the circle of his ideas. A photograph teaches a child to have a sharp, vigilant look at things and phenomena. However, in this case, as the reviewer of Proletarian Photo rightly noted, the real possibilities of the audience were not taken into account, which significantly reduced the cognitive value of the most interesting undertaking: “A ten-year-old reader is not an encyclopedist. In twenty pictures, to reveal to him the world of things and concepts from microbiology to the piano and Swiss cheese from the wisest angles is an impossible task. The child's associations are simpler. Instead of starting from the ideas of a schoolboy, the authors decided to start from their experience of people experienced in the techniques of professional photography, they are so over-engineered that even parents or teachers will not immediately decipher the simplest photo riddle from this book. On the pages of the bibliographic bulletin of children's literature, the experiment of Gruntal and Yablonovsky received an even more rigorous assessment. According to the critic, the material in the book was located extremely haphazardly, there was no movement from the simple to the complex, from the concrete to the abstract. Of particular indignation was the fact that the mathematical operations that were proposed to the readers were in no way connected with the objects depicted. But even in this note, innovative photographers were invited to continue their search: “The book is harmful and unnecessary, although the idea of ​​the authors is interesting in its design. It is necessary to carefully think over and analyze this idea in relation to the program material of schools. Unfortunately, neither photographers nor publishers heeded this advice, and the promising genre of photo-mystery was not further developed in the Russian children's book. But illustrators found other ways to expand the horizons of children's perception of reality, to open to the child mysterious world , enclosed in the most seemingly ordinary things. For example, the artist M. Makhalov, together with the authors of the popular science essay "In the Land of Jin-Jin" (1936), reduced the young heroes of the book to microscopic sizes and sent them on a journey through the insides of an electric bell. Thanks to this Swiftian device, the story about the nature of electricity acquired the features of fantasy and the grotesque. The comic effect arising from the photomontage comparison in one composition of tiny figurines of pioneers and gigantic mechanisms was able to interest even children who did not show much interest in physics in the content of the book. Photomontage was often used in the design of quite serious and even official literature, but its style was changing rapidly. Although in theoretical articles the constructivists glorified the objectivity, the irrefutable authenticity of photography, in practice it was often used more than subjectively, acquiring a symbolic rather than a literal meaning. A favorite technique of the innovators of the 1920s. there was a spectacular combination in one composition of fragments of different images, which made it possible to create capacious and paradoxical visual metaphors, extract unexpected associations from the collision of heterogeneous images, and play with the semantic, scale, stylistic inconsistency of individual components. Already the first experiments of Russian avant-garde artists in this area became a sensation and caused a lot of imitations. The method became so widespread that publishers even discussed a project to “transfer all print to montage or illustrations according to Rodchenko’s method.” The leaders of constructivism absolutized the importance of photomontage, proclaiming it a powerful tool for creating a new visual reality, an effective means of rethinking the statics of fact, revising the age-old canons of art. At the same time, the design practice was often dominated by a playful, eccentric beginning, the simplest and at the same time the most spectacular techniques were exploited: repeated repetition of the same image, a grotesque combination of objects of different scales. A benevolent, but slightly ironic attitude towards photography as a kind of aesthetic raw material, malleable building material allowed the pioneers of constructivism to boldly manipulate photographs, mix their fragments in the most unimaginable combinations, and ruthlessly remove inexpressive details. But over time, the naturalistic, descriptive nature of photography began to take precedence over avant-garde experiments, to give illustrations an increasingly traditional form and unambiguous content. From compositions built on complex associative links, on the surreal principle of combining incompatible things, the artists gradually moved on to literal illustration of poetic or political metaphors, their attitude to photography became much more careful and serious. At the turn of the 1920-1930s. avant-garde artists are no longer so much fascinated by manipulations with glue and scissors as by the method of creating expressive photographs, the problem of their placement in the space of a book. Photomontage continues to be in the arsenal of design techniques, but is largely devalued, becoming more moderate and correct, although it still invariably irritates critics. Quite rare for the early 1930s. An example of a frankly eccentric use of photomontage is the book "Bolshevik Rally", dedicated to the 16th Congress of the CPSU (b). Designers very boldly, inventively and witty dispose of documentary photographic materials, relying on entertainment. For example, a portrait of Lenin is superimposed on a photo of a power transmission tower, forming a single whole with it, creating an almost mystical image of the primary source of physical and at the same time ideological energy. On one of the spreads of this publication, there are as many as eight images of the leader of the world proletariat: frames of the chronicle are superimposed on each other, creating the illusion of movement, recorded with cinematic accuracy. Such an extravagant way of "reviving" the character, of course, goes back to the tradition of futurist painting, to enhance the dynamics of the picture depicting bicycles with dozens of wheels or dogs with many legs. In the 1920s such free treatment of artists with a canonized image was not uncommon. Suffice it to recall the cover of Rodchenkov's brochure "To the Living Ilyich", where four Lenins are kept in their energy field Earth, or a poster of Klutsis, in which the "most humane person" carries a multi-storey building in his hands. Another extremely important image of the “Bolshevik rally” is the “million-fingered hand” voting for the next fateful decision, connecting a whole forest of disparate hands in a single impulse. The photomontage technique made it possible to visually materialize Mayakovsky's metaphor, to give the speculative image features of reality. The same technique was used more clearly and convincingly by Klutsis in the famous poster “Everyone for the re-election of the Soviets!” (1930). However, at the turn of the 1920-1930s. photographers argued among themselves mainly not about questions of photomontage, but about the ethical problems of documentary photography, about the acceptable degree of its reliability. Many participants in the discussion were alarmed by the fact that reportage shots, snatching a certain event out of the thick of life, sometimes even without the knowledge of its participants, were increasingly replaced by “staged” shots; under the guise of documentation of a real event, readers were presented with its staging. And the fact that real workers, collective farmers and Red Army soldiers, and not actors from Moscow theaters, were involved in such dramatizations did not change the essence of the matter. Without going into the details of this dispute, we note that the "staged shooting" had many supporters, and it was these photographs that were often used in the design of not only political, industrial, ethnographic, but even fiction.

One of the classic examples of photo-illustration of fiction is A. Bezymensky's poem "Komsomoliya" in the design of Solomon Telingater. Today, the literary merits of this work seem very doubtful, and some lines sound frankly parodic. Rough sketches of Komsomol life alternate here with “philosophical” digressions (“The Central Committee plays as a person. / It is always changeable”) and loyal assurances (“VChK is a lighthouse for me”), official vocabulary is diluted with youth slang. The author undertakes to declare the position of a whole generation:

We love, love labor, rifle,

Teaching (at least on the fly),

We love delicious shamovka.

And even death, but - on duty!

Every heart would be taken out of us

Or with joy at least where he pored,

Just to be a worthy son of the Huge mother-RKP!

The lines cited were particularly frequently cited in reviews; it was they who gave reason to say that “although not each of us has a three-letter mother, but everyone has a three-letter GPU aunt,” since then, in a narrow circle of writers, it has been customary to refer to the formidable punitive organization as “aunt” in a related way. But in the 1920s the poem had many admirers, and even L. Trotsky admitted that it was Komsomoliya that helped him truly understand the psychology of modern youth. It is interesting to compare the design features of different editions of this text. Perhaps the author's style is most adequately conveyed by the uncomplicated, purely caricature illustrations by V. Kozlinsky (1933). In the 1924 edition, the cover was made by B. Efimov in a silhouette manner under the clear influence of Yu. Annenkov, and the illustrations are "staged" photographs: the figures of Komsomol members are captured in the "typical circumstances" proposed by the poet: in a workers' club, at a meeting, on vacation. At the beginning of the book, the lines “And here you are, here is my face, / The face of a working teenager” are accompanied by a whole set of typical photo portraits: the reader, as it were, is invited to choose the appearance of the hero of the poem at his own discretion. At the end, a picture of a happy young man proudly waving his party card is given. in some places poetic text interrupted by interspersed notes. Such a design decision cannot but be recognized as original, although quite eclectic. However, the 1928 edition of the album format, dedicated to the 10th anniversary of the Komsomol, rightfully entered the history of book art. In arranging it, Telingater in some cases used the same photographs, but disposed of them quite differently; in addition, a whole group of Sovkino workers was involved in the preparation of the publication. Photo frames are included in the figurative structure proposed by the artist on an equal footing with other pictorial elements: typesetting compositions, satirical sketches, a fragment of a drawing, a telegraph form. Most often, the designer uses pictures in fragments, isolating only the most essential details. Some frames are tinted in red, which allows you to place additional semantic and emotional accents. The photographs actively interact with the font, serving as a continuation of the lines, balancing the line of typesetting. One of the main features of the "Komsomoliya" in 1928 is the virtuoso printing embodiment of a complex idea. Personally carrying out typesetting and layout, Telingater sought to maximize the use of the technical resources of the first Exemplary Printing House. As the researchers rightly point out, his work is akin to the art of recitation: the letters instantly react to the slightest fluctuations in poetic intonation, changing size and color. As needed, individual lines are arranged diagonally and even in waves. Choosing the appropriate font, the artist thoughtfully interprets each phrase of the poet, determines the significance and weight of each word. As a result of these manipulations, the helpless verses are filled with genuine pathos, their publication becomes one of the most striking artistic documents of its time. Perhaps it was the literary imperfection of this work that to some extent stimulated the initiative of the designer, gave him a certain creative freedom. One of the Western art critics described "Komsomol" as the final book of Russian constructivism, brilliantly demonstrating the expressive possibilities of this style and at the same time testifying to the exhaustion of its techniques. The method of using photographs in the design of fiction seemed extremely promising to some artists and theorists. It was even suggested in the pages of LEF that such a practice would soon finally relieve writers of the tedious duty of describing the appearance of their characters. But in practice, the application of this method does not always look convincing. In "Komsomoliya" photo illustrations were fully justified by the collective nature of the hero, the social type was much more important here than the individual character. (By the way, in the cinema of those years, many directors worked with non-professional performers, preferring a pronounced typicality to acting professionalism.)

Coats of arms, emblems and awards of the modern Pioneer of Moscow

Emblem

Adopted by the Decision of the Constituent and Restorative Meeting of the Moscow City Pioneer Organization on March 13-14, 1992.

Symbolism of the emblem: The symbol of Moscow - the tower of the Moscow Kremlin is entwined with the Pioneer tie - the main personal symbol of the pioneer of the Moscow State Pedagogical Education. That is: "We are Muscovites, we are pioneers!"

IYPO sign

Established in 1994. This edition was adopted in 2006. Author - Art. Instructor MGPE Peeler V.R.

Symbolism of the sign: The emblem of the IGPO is located in the center of a ten-pointed multi-beam golden star - a symbol of Glory and victory. On the scarlet ribbon at the bottom of the star - in gold letters the inscription "For active work."

IYPO sign

Established in 1994. In this edition, it is proposed for consideration by the IGSE in 2010. Author - Art. Instructor MGPE Peeler V.R.

Symbolism of the sign: In the center of the golden pentagonal shield is the red Red Army Star. In the center of the Star is the gold emblem of the Moscow City Pioneer Organization. On the scarlet ribbon at the bottom of the star is the inscription "Memory of the Heart" in gold letters. This award is given for the active patriotic work of the pioneers in the Moscow State Pedagogical Education.

IYPO sign

Established in 1994. In this edition, it is proposed for consideration by the IGSE in 2010. Authors - Art. Instructor MGPE Peeler V.R. and Art. pioneer S. Ogurtsov.

Symbolism of the sign: On the five-pointed blue shield is the emblem of the military sports game Zarnitsa. In the upper right side of the shield is the emblem of the IYPO in color. Awarded to the activists of the game "Zarnitsa".

Chevron patch
Moscow City Pioneer Organization

The personal symbol of an IGPO pioneer is sewn onto the left breast pocket of an IGPO pioneer's uniform shirt. It has two options: red background - adopted in the children's part of the International State Pedagogical Education, blue - in the instructor's section. Established in 1993 This edition was adopted in 1997. Author - Art. instructor MGPE Sofronova E.O.

Chevron symbols: The MGPO emblem is located in the center of the circle, on the outer side of which is the inscription "Moscow City Pioneer Organization" in gold letters.

Chevron patch for the Guard of Honor and a detachment of buglers and drummers of the Moscow State Pedagogical Educational Pedagogical Education

The personal symbol of a pioneer - a member of the Guard of Honor or a detachment of buglers and drummers of the MGPO, is sewn on the left sleeve of the uniform jacket (tunic) of a pioneer of the MGPO member of the Guard of Honor or a detachment of buglers and drummers. Author - Art. Instructor MGPE Peeler V.R.

Chevron symbols: The emblem of the IYPO is located on a laurel crown - a symbol of valor. The shape of the blue shield is protection, hope.

Medal of Moscow State Pedagogical Education "For Distinction"
Patriotic and Local Lore Expedition of Pioneers and Schoolchildren "Moscow. Frontiers of Glory"

Adopted by the decision of the Moscow City Council of the Pioneer Organization in early 2009. The author of the sketch is Art. MGPE instructor V.R. Peeler.

IYPO sign

Established in 1994 This edition was adopted in 2012. Author - Art. Instructor MGPE Peeler V.R.

Symbolism of the sign: The emblem of the IYPO is located in the center of the five-pointed Red Star - a symbol of Glory and victory. Above the star are three flames of a pioneer bonfire. Overall - A five-pointed red star and three flames - a traditional pioneer badge. Below the badge is a golden laurel half wreath.

Award anniversary badges of the International State Pedagogical Education

Badges RPO "Ramenki"

Sign "Full member of RPO "Ramenki"

Adopted and approved by the General Assembly of the RPO as the coat of arms of the RPO "Ramenki" at the suggestion of K. Novikov (detachment "MPSR") in 1999. Made in 2003. The author of the sketch is Art. Instructor MGPE Peeler V.R.

Symbolism of the sign includes the main elements of the Pioneer Organization's historical badges. The Red Banner is a symbol of victory, a symbol of hope, a symbol of continuity with the badge of 1922. The Red Army star is a symbol of service to the Motherland and friendship of children from 5 continents of the Earth - the shape of the star repeats the badge of the 1967 sample. The fire - a symbol of the unity of three generations - repeats the fire on the badge of 1945. The inscription on the ribbon "Be ready!" - symbolizes historical ties with the scouting movement and aims the pioneers to serve the Motherland, Goodness, justice!

Pioneer Summer Badge

Once a souvenir badge of VPO them. Lenin, appeared in the RPO "Ramenki" in 2001 as a gift from the pioneer of the MPSR detachment Ruslan Krasnikov. By the decision of the General Meeting of the RPO in 2001, he became an award for active work in the summer: in camps, hikes, trips. Assigned by the Decision of the General Assembly.

Symbolism of the sign: Tie as a symbol of Pioneer, the Sun as a symbol of kindness, joy, warmth. The inscription "Pioneer summer" speaks of the nature of the pioneer's activity: in the summer and in a pioneer way.

Historical signs and emblems of Pioneer

Adopted by the decision of the MGK RKSM in 1922.
It operated in this unpainted form until 1923.

Symbolism of the sign:

Established in 1922. This edition was adopted in 1923.
The main difference from the first is that the background of the badge - the Red Banner - is covered with scarlet varnish.

Symbolism of the sign: Against the background of the Red Banner of the victorious revolution, the symbols of the new, Soviet, state are the Hammer and Sickle: "Labor will be the ruler of the world!". The Pioneer bonfire of five logs and three flames is a symbol of the indestructible friendship of proletarian children all over the world (five logs - five continents).

January 21, 1924 died V.I. Lenin. The sorrow of the country, and indeed of the world, was immeasurable. The Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks appealed to the people to join the ranks of the party. "Let's continue the Leninist cause!". Komsomol and Pioneer did not stand aside. decals pioneers of the Lenin appeal had such badges and "mourning" ties - red ties trimmed with black border.

Badge "Lenin's call" was printed in a very small edition in 1924. Two new symbols appeared on the badge: Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin and the saluting pioneer, and the former pioneer symbols remained. This badge is a memorial badge and a pioneer's statement of his commitment to building a just society.

Adopted by the Decision of the Central Committee of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League in the early 1930s. He acted in the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after V.I. Lenin until 1942.

Symbolism of the sign: Symbols on a gray background Soviet state- Hammer and sickle. The Pioneer bonfire of five logs and three flames is a symbol of the indestructible friendship of proletarian children all over the world (five logs - five continents).

Went out of "use" for two reasons:
1. In connection with the beginning of the Great Patriotic War the country needed all the metal for military needs.
2. In 1939, in "Artek" - the All-Union Pioneer Camp of the Central Committee of the Komsomol, the delegates of the Leningrad Pioneer refused to wear a clip and a tie, since, according to one of them, "the letters" T "and" Z "were clearly visible in the fire flame and in the silhouettes of logs "- Trotsky and Zinoviev, and in the design of the fabric of the pioneer tie, the silhouette of the fascist swastika was guessed." We can now laugh at the political involvement of children and youth of those years, we can attribute to them a mental disorder on the basis of the "Witch Hunt", but then, at the end of the 30s, the proceedings were very serious at the level of the Central Committee of the Komsomol and the NKVD.

In the late 20s - early 30s, along with the clip, a number of regions also issued their own badges. According to their authors, these badges better reflected the political and national affiliation of the organization of young pioneers. The letters "UP" on the badge mean "Young Pioneers", and the form that copies the badge "KIM" (Communist Youth International) - the continuity of generations.

Established in 1942.
This badge was made by the guys themselves according to a sketch published in the Pionerskaya Pravda newspaper from fabric, cardboard, scraps of tin cans, and, most often, was sewn to a dress shirt.

Symbolism of the sign: The Red Army star is a symbol of unity with the Red Army and at the same time - the star of Timur - the main character of A.P. Gaidar "Timur and his team" - a symbol of the desire for all possible assistance to all those in need. The rest of the symbolism on the badge remained the same.

Sometimes homemade badges were replaced by the guys with Red Army stars. It was considered "special chic". But, as it turned out, pioneer badges of the war years were also produced in factories and factories in small editions. Here are some examples for you.
This badge lasted until 1945.

Established in 1944. In Pioneer introduced in 1945.
The main difference from all the previous ones is the new arrangement of symbols. The Red Army - Timurov star took over, in addition to the main ones, the symbolism of the five logs of the pioneer fire, which were gone on the badge, the three flames received a more slender, assertive outline, and the symbol of the USSR - the hammer and sickle became the same as it was on the State Flag of the USSR .