The universe of high resolution photography. The best pictures of galaxies from the Hubble telescope. Real photos of space from the Earth
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Mysterious nebulae that are millions of light years away, the birth of new stars and the collision of galaxies. Part 2 of a selection of the best photos from the Hubble Space Telescope. The first part is located.
This is the part carina nebulae. The total diameter of the nebula is over 200 light years. Located 8,000 light-years from Earth, the Carina Nebula can be seen in the southern sky with the naked eye. It is one of the brightest regions in the Galaxy:
Hubble ultra-long-range field (WFC3 camera). Composed of gas and dust:
Another photo Carina Nebulae:
By the way, let's get acquainted with the culprit of today's report. it Hubble telescope in space. Placement of the telescope in space makes it possible to register electromagnetic radiation in the ranges in which the earth's atmosphere is opaque; primarily in the infrared range. Due to the absence of the influence of the atmosphere, the resolution of the telescope is 7-10 times greater than that of a similar telescope located on Earth.
The Discovery shuttle, which launched on April 24, 1990, launched the telescope into its intended orbit the next day. The total cost of the project, according to an estimate for 1999, amounted to 6 billion dollars from the American side and 593 million euros were paid by the European Space Agency.
Globular cluster in the constellation Centaurus. It is located at a distance of 18,300 light years. Omega Centauri belongs to our Milky Way galaxy and is its largest globular cluster known to this moment. It contains several million stars. The age of Omega Centauri is estimated at 12 billion years:
Nebula Butterfly ( NGC 6302) - planetary nebula in the constellation Scorpio. It has one of the most complex structures among the known polar nebulae. central star of the nebula one of the hottest in the galaxy. The central star was discovered by the Hubble telescope in 2009:
The largest in solar system. Along with Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, Jupiter is classified as a gas giant. Jupiter has at least 63 moons. Mass of Jupiter 2.47 times the total mass of all the other planets of the solar system combined, 318 times the mass of our Earth and about 1,000 times less than the mass of the Sun:
Some more images Carina Nebulae:
Part of a galaxy - a dwarf galaxy located at a distance of about 50 kiloparsecs from our Galaxy. This distance is less than twice the diameter of our Galaxy:
And yet the photographs Carina Nebulae one of the most beautiful
Spiral Galaxy Whirlpool. It is located at a distance of about 30 million light years from us in the constellation Canis Hounds. The diameter of the galaxy is about 100 thousand light years:
The Hubble Space Telescope has taken amazing images of the planetary nebula retina, which was formed from the remains of the dying star IC 4406. Like most nebulae, the Retina Nebula is almost perfectly symmetrical, its right half is almost a mirror image of the left. In a few million years, only a slowly cooling white dwarf will remain of IC 4406:
M27 is one of the brightest planetary nebulae in the sky and can be seen with binoculars in the constellation Vulpecula. Light has been traveling to us from M27 for about a thousand years:
It looks like puffs of smoke and sparks from fireworks, but it's actually debris from a star exploding in a nearby galaxy. Our Sun and the planets in the solar system formed from similar debris that appeared after a supernova explosion billions of years ago in the Milky Way galaxy:
In the constellation Virgo at a distance of 28 million light years from Earth. The Sombrero Galaxy got its name from the protruding central part (bulge) and the rib of dark matter, giving the galaxy a resemblance to a sombrero hat:
The exact distance to it is unknown, according to various estimates, it can be from 2 to 9 thousand light years. Width 50 light years. The name of the nebula means "divided into three petals":
Nebula Snail NGC 7293 in the constellation Aquarius at a distance of 650 light years from the Sun. One of the closest planetary nebulae and was discovered in 1824:
Located in the constellation Eridanus, 61 million light-years from Earth. The size of the galaxy itself is 110,000 light years, which is slightly larger than our galaxy, the Milky Way. NGC 1300 is unlike some spiral galaxies, including our Galaxy, in that there is no massive black hole in its core:
Dust clouds in our Milky Way galaxy. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, also known simply as the Galaxy (with capital letter) is a giant spiral star system in which our solar system is located. The diameter of the Galaxy is about 30,000 parsecs (about 100,000 light years) with an estimated average thickness of about 1,000 light years. The Milky Way contains, at the lowest estimate, about 200 billion stars. In the center of the Galaxy, apparently, there is a supermassive black hole:
On the right, above, these are not fireworks, this is a dwarf galaxy - a satellite of our Milky Way. It is located at a distance of about 60 kiloparsecs in the constellation Tucana:
Formed during the collision of four massive galaxies. This is the first case of visualization of this phenomenon, captured by combining images. Galaxies are surrounded by hot gas, which is shown in different colors depending on its temperature: reddish-purple is the coldest, cyan is the hottest:
It is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in the solar system after Jupiter. Today, all four gaseous giants are known to have rings, but Saturn's are the most prominent. The rings of Saturn are very thin. With a diameter of about 250,000 km, their thickness does not reach even a kilometer. The mass of the planet Saturn is 95 times the mass of our Earth:
In the constellation Golden Fish. The nebula belongs to the satellite galaxy of the Milky Way - the Large Magellanic Cloud:
Measuring 100 thousand light years and located at a distance of 35 million light years from the Sun:
And a bonus shot. From the Baikonur Cosmodrome at 00 hours 12 minutes 44 seconds Moscow time today, June 8, 2011, ship successfully launched Soyuz TMA-02M. This is the second flight of the spacecraft of the new, "digital" series Soyuz-TMA-M. Nice start:
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Let's take a look at the best images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope
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1. Galactic fireworks.
2. Center of the lenticular galaxy Centaurus A (NGC 5128). This bright galaxy is, by cosmic standards, very close to us - "only" 12 million light-years away.
3. Dwarf galaxy Large Magellanic Cloud. The diameter of this galaxy is almost 20 times smaller than the diameter of our own galaxy, the Milky Way.
4. Planetary nebula NGC 6302 in the constellation Scorpio. This planetary nebula has two more beautiful names: the Beetle Nebula and the Butterfly Nebula. A planetary nebula is formed when a star similar to our Sun dies and sheds its outer layer of gas.
5. Reflecting nebula NGC 1999 in the constellation Orion. This nebula is a giant cloud of dust and gas that reflects starlight.
6. Luminous nebula of Orion. You can find this nebula in the sky just below Orion's belt. It is so bright that it is clearly visible even to the naked eye.
7. Crab Nebula in the constellation Taurus. This nebula was formed as a result of a supernova explosion.
8. Nebula cone NGC 2264 in the constellation Monoceros. This nebula is part of a system of nebulae surrounding the star cluster.
9. Planetary Nebula Cat's Eye in the constellation Draco. The complex structure of this nebula has posed many mysteries to scientists.
10. Spiral galaxy NGC 4911 in the constellation Coma Berenices. This constellation contains a large cluster of galaxies called the Coma Cluster. Most of the galaxies in this cluster are elliptical.
11. Spiral galaxy NGC 3982 from the constellation Ursa Major. On April 13, 1998, a supernova exploded in this galaxy.
12. Spiral galaxy M74 from the constellation Pisces. There are suggestions that there is a black hole in this galaxy.
13. Eagle Nebula M16 in the constellation Serpens. This is a fragment of the famous photo taken with the help of the Hubble Space Telescope, called the Pillars of Creation.
14. Fantastic images of distant space.
15. Dying star.
16. Red giant B838. In 4-5 billion years, our Sun will also become a red giant, and in about 7 billion years, its expanding outer layer will reach Earth's orbit.
17. Galaxy M64 in the constellation Coma Berenices. This galaxy arose as a result of the merger of two galaxies rotating in different directions. Therefore, the inner part of the M64 galaxy rotates in one direction, and its peripheral part in the other.
18. Mass birth of new stars.
19. Eagle Nebula M16. This column of dust and gas at the center of the nebula is called the Fairy region. The length of this pillar is approximately 9.5 light years.
20. Stars in the Universe.
21. Nebula NGC 2074 in the constellation Dorado.
22. Triplet of galaxies Arp 274. This system includes two spiral galaxies and one irregularly shaped one. The object is in the constellation Virgo.
23. Sombrero Galaxy M104. In the 1990s, it was found that there is a black hole of enormous mass at the center of this galaxy.
Original taken from osmiev in
Original taken from osmiev in
The Hubble Space Telescope is an automatic observatory in orbit around the Earth, named after Edwin Hubble. The Hubble Telescope is a joint project between NASA and the European Space Agency; it is part of NASA's Large Observatories. Placing a telescope in space makes it possible to register electromagnetic radiation in the ranges in which the earth's atmosphere is opaque; primarily in the infrared range. Due to the absence of the influence of the atmosphere, the resolution of the telescope is 7-10 times greater than that of a similar telescope located on Earth. We invite you now to see the best images from this unique telescope over the past few years. Pictured: The Andromeda Galaxy is the closest of the giant galaxies to our Milky Way. Most likely our galaxy looks about the same as the Andromeda galaxy. These two galaxies dominate the Local Group of galaxies.
The hundreds of billions of stars that make up the Andromeda galaxy together give a visible diffuse glow. The individual stars in the image are actually stars in our galaxy, much closer than the distant object. The Andromeda Galaxy is often referred to as M31, as it is the 31st object in Charles Messier's catalog of diffuse celestial objects.
At the center of the "Doradus" star-forming region is a gigantic cluster of the largest, hottest, and most massive stars known to us. These stars form the R136 cluster shown in this image.
NGC 253. Brilliant NGC 253 is one of the brightest spiral galaxies we see, and at the same time one of the dustiest. Some call it the "Silver Dollar Galaxy" because it is shaped like that in a small telescope. Others simply call it "The Sculptor Galaxy" because it lies within the southern constellation Sculptor. This dusty galaxy is 10 million light-years away.
M83 is one of the closest spiral galaxies to us. From a distance that separates us from 15 million light years, it looks completely ordinary. However, if you take a closer look at the center of M83 using the most large telescopes, this area will appear before us as a stormy and noisy place.
Group of galaxies - Stephen's quintet. However, only four of the group of galaxies, located 300 million light-years away from us, participate in the cosmic dance, now approaching, then moving away from each other. Four interacting galaxies - NGC 7319, NGC 7318A, NGC 7318B and NGC 7317 - have a yellowish color and curved loops and tails, the shape of which is due to the influence of destructive tidal gravitational forces. The bluish galaxy NGC 7320, above left, is much closer than the others, only 40 million light-years away.
A giant cluster of stars distorts and splits the image of the galaxy. Many of them are images of a single unusual, bead-like blue ring galaxy, which by chance was located behind a giant cluster of galaxies. According to recent research, in total, at least 330 images of individual distant galaxies can be found in the picture. This stunning photograph of the galaxy cluster CL0024+1654 was taken in November 2004.
Spiral galaxy NGC 3521 lies just 35 million light-years away towards the constellation Leo. It has features such as ragged, irregular spiral arms adorned with dust, pinkish star-forming regions, and clusters of young, bluish stars.
Spiral galaxy M33 is a medium-sized galaxy from the Local Group. M33 is also called the Triangulum galaxy after the constellation in which it resides. M33 is not far from the Milky Way, its angular dimensions are more than twice the dimensions of the full moon, i.e. it is perfectly visible with good binoculars.
Nebula Lagoon. The bright Lagoon Nebula contains many different astronomical objects. Objects of particular interest include a bright open star cluster and several active star forming regions. In visual observation, the light from the cluster is lost against the background of a general red glow caused by the emission of hydrogen, while dark filaments arise from the absorption of light by dense layers of dust.
The Cat's Eye Nebula (NGC 6543) is one of the most famous planetary nebulae in the sky.
The small constellation Chameleon is located near the south pole of the World. The picture reveals the amazing features of the humble constellation, which is full of dusty nebulae and colorful stars. Blue reflection nebulae are scattered across the field.
The dark dusty Horsehead Nebula and the glowing Orion Nebula contrast in the sky. They are located at a distance of 1500 light years from us in the direction of the most recognizable celestial constellation. The familiar Horsehead Nebula is a small dark cloud in the shape of a horse's head looming against the background of red glowing gas in the lower left corner of the picture.
Crab Nebula. This confusion remained after the explosion of the star. The Crab Nebula is the result of a supernova explosion that was observed in 1054 AD. At the very center of the nebula is a pulsar - neutron star with a mass equal to the mass of the Sun, which fits into an area the size of a small town.
This is a mirage from a gravitational lens. The bright red galaxy (LRG) pictured here has its gravity warped light from a more distant blue galaxy. Most often, such a distortion of light leads to the appearance of two images. distant galaxy, however, in the case of a very precise superimposition of the galaxy and the gravitational lens, the images merge into a horseshoe - an almost closed ring. This effect was predicted by Albert Einstein 70 years ago.
The star V838 Mon. For unknown reasons, in January 2002, the outer envelope of the star V838 Mon suddenly expanded, making it the brightest star in the entire Milky Way. Then she became weak again, also suddenly. Astronomers have never observed such stellar flares before.
The Ring Nebula. It really looks like a ring in the sky. Therefore, hundreds of years ago, astronomers named this nebula according to its unusual shape. The Ring Nebula is also designated M57 and NGC 6720.
Pillar and jets in the Carina Nebula. This cosmic column of gas and dust is two light years wide. The structure is located in one of the largest star-forming regions in our galaxy. The Carina Nebula is visible in the southern sky and is 7500 light-years away from us.
Trifid Nebula. The beautiful multicolored Trifid Nebula allows you to explore cosmic contrasts. Also known as M20, it lies some 5,000 light-years away in the nebula-rich constellation of Sagittarius. The size of the nebula is about 40 light years.
Known as NGC 5194, this large galaxy with a well-developed spiral structure may have been the first spiral nebula to be discovered. It is clearly seen that its spiral arms and dust lanes pass in front of its companion galaxy, NGC 5195 (left). This pair is about 31 million light-years away and officially belongs to the small constellation Canes Venatici.
Centaurus A. A fantastic bunch of young blue star clusters, gigantic glowing gas clouds, and dark dust lanes surround the central region of the active galaxy Centaurus A.
Nebula Butterfly. Bright clusters and nebulae in planet Earth's night sky are often named after flowers or insects, and NGC 6302 is no exception. The central star of this planetary nebula is exceptionally hot, with a surface temperature of around 250,000 degrees Celsius.
An image of a supernova that exploded in 1994 on the outskirts of a spiral galaxy.
The Sombrero Galaxy. The appearance of the M104 galaxy resembles a hat, which is why it was called the Sombrero galaxy. The image shows distinct dark dust lanes and a bright halo of stars and globular clusters. The reasons why the Sombrero Galaxy looks like a hat are an unusually large central stellar bulge and dense dark lanes of dust located in the disk of the galaxy, which we can see almost edge-on.
M17 close-up view. Shaped by stellar winds and radiation, these fantastic wave-like formations are found in the M17 Nebula (Omega Nebula). The Omega Nebula lies in the nebula-rich constellation of Sagittarius and is 5,500 light-years away. Ragged clumps of dense and cold gas and dust are illuminated by the radiation of the stars in the image at the top right, in the future they can become sites of star formation.
What illuminates the nebula IRAS 05437+2502? There is no exact answer. Especially mysterious is the bright arc in the shape of an inverted V, which outlines upper edge mountain-like clouds of interstellar dust near the center of the image.
The Hubble Space Telescope, named after its inventor Edwin Hubble, is in low Earth orbit. Today it is the most modern and powerful telescope costing about one billion dollars. Hubble takes stunning photographs of the planets and their satellites, asteroids, distant galaxies, stars, nebulae... The high quality of the images is ensured by the fact that the telescope is located above the thick layer of the Earth's atmosphere, which does not affect the image distortion. It also allows us to see the universe in ultraviolet and infrared light for the first time. This part presents the best photographs of galaxies taken by the telescope.
NGC 4038 is a galaxy in the constellation Raven. The galaxies NGC 4038 and NGC 4039 are interacting galaxies, called "antenna galaxies":
The Whirlpool Galaxy (M51) in the constellation Canis Hounds. It consists of a large spiral galaxy NGC 5194, at the end of one of the arms of which is a companion galaxy NGC 5195:
The Tadpole Galaxy in the direction of the constellation Draco. In the recent past, the Tadpole galaxy experienced a collision with another galaxy, which resulted in the formation of a long tail of stars and gas. The long tail gives the galaxy a tadpole-like appearance, hence its name. If we follow the terrestrial analogy, then as the tadpole grows, its tail will die off - stars and gas will form into dwarf galaxies, which will become satellites of a large spiral:
Stephen's Quintet is a group of five galaxies in the constellation Pegasus. Four of the five galaxies in Stephan's Quintet are in constant interaction:
The barred galaxy NGC 1672 lies in the constellation Dorado, 60 million light-years from Earth. Image taken in 2005 using the Advanced Camera for Surveys:
The Sombrero Galaxy (Messier 110) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo at a distance of 28 million light-years from Earth. As recent studies of this object by the Spitzer telescope have shown, it is two galaxies: a flat spiral is located inside an elliptical. Very strong x-rays due, according to many astronomers, to the presence of a black hole with a mass of a billion solar masses in the center of this galaxy:
Galaxy Pinwheel (Pinwheel Galaxy). To date, this is the largest and most detailed image of a galaxy taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. The picture was composed of 51 individual frames:
Lenticular galaxy NGC 7049 in the constellation Indus:
The Spindle Galaxy (NGC 5866) in the constellation Draco. The galaxy is observed almost edge-on, which makes it possible to see dark regions of cosmic dust located in the galactic plane. The Spindle Galaxy is about 44 million light-years away. Light takes about 60 thousand years to cross the entire galaxy:
Barred galaxy NGC 5584. The galaxy is only slightly smaller than the Milky Way. It has two dominant, clearly defined spiral arms and several deformed ones, the nature of which may be related to interaction with neighboring galactic structures:
NGC 4921 is a galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices. The object was discovered on April 11, 1785 by William Herschel. This image is assembled from 80 photographs:
Barred galaxy NGC 4522 in the constellation Virgo:
Galaxy NGC 4449. In the course of studying the galaxy with the help of the Hubble telescope, astronomers managed to capture a picture of active star formation. It is assumed that the cause of the process was the absorption of a smaller satellite galaxy. The photographs in different ranges show thousands of young stars, and there are also massive gas and dust clouds in the galaxy:
NGC 2841 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major:
The lenticular galaxy Perseus A (NGC 1275) consists of two interacting galaxies:
Two spiral galaxies NGC 4676 (Mice Galaxies) in the constellation Coma Berenices, taken in 2002:
The Cigar Galaxy (NGC 3034) is a star-forming galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. At the center of the galaxy, there is supposedly a supermassive black hole, around which two less massive black holes revolve, weighing 12 thousand and 200 suns:
Arp 273 is a group of interacting galaxies in the constellation Andromeda, located at a distance of 300 million light years from Earth. The largest of the spiral galaxies is known as UGC 1810 and is about five times as massive as its neighbor:
NGC 2207 is a pair of interacting galaxies in the constellation Canis Major, 80 million light-years from Earth:
NGC 6217 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Minor. Image taken with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) of the Hubble telescope in 2009:
Centaurus A (NGC 5128) is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Centaurus. This is one of the brightest and closest neighboring galaxies to us, only 12 million light-years separate us. In terms of brightness, the galaxy ranks fifth (after the Magellanic Clouds, the Andromeda Nebula and the Triangulum Galaxy). The radio galaxy is the most powerful source of radio emission:
NGC 1300 is a barred spiral galaxy about 70 million light-years away in the constellation Eridanus. Its size is 110 thousand light years, it is slightly larger than our Milky Way galaxy. A characteristic feature of this galaxy is the absence of an active nucleus, which indicates the absence of a central black hole. Image taken from the Hubble Space Telescope in September 2004. It is one of the largest images from the Hubble telescope, showing the entire galaxy:
Progress does not stand still, and the Hubble telescope is planned to be replaced by a technically more advanced observatory called the James Webb. It will truly happen historical event according to various data in 2016-2018. The James Webb Space Telescope will have a mirror 6.5 meters in diameter (the Hubble diameter is 2.4 meters) and a solar shield the size of a tennis court.
The best photos of the Hubble telescope. Part 1. Galaxies (22 photos)
Mysterious nebulae that are millions of light years away, the birth of new stars and the collision of galaxies. A selection of the best photographs from the Hubble Space Telescope in recent times.
1. Dark nebulae in a cluster of young stars. Shown here is a section of a star cluster in the Eagle Nebula that formed about 5.5 million years ago and lies 6,500 light-years from Earth. (Photo by ESA | Hubble & NASA):
2. The giant galaxy NGC 7049, located at a distance of 100 million light years from Earth, in the constellation Indus. (Photo by NASA, ESA and W. Harris - McMaster University, Ontario, Canada):
3. The emission nebula Sh2-106 is located two thousand light-years from Earth. It is a compact region of star formation. At its center is the star S106 IR, which is surrounded by dust and hydrogen - in the photo it is painted in conditional blue. (Photo by NASA, ESA, the Hubble Heritage Team, STScI | AURA, and NAOJ):
4. Abell 2744, also known as the Pandora Cluster, is a giant cluster of galaxies, the result of a simultaneous collision of at least four separate small clusters of galaxies over a period of 350 million years. The galaxies in the cluster make up less than five percent of its mass, the gas (about 20%) is so hot that it glows only in the X-ray range. Mysterious dark matter makes up about 75% of the mass of the cluster. (Photo by NASA, ESA, and J. Lotz, M. Mountain, A. Koekemoer, & the HFF Team):
5. "Caterpillar" and the Carinae emission nebula (a region of ionized hydrogen) in the constellation Carina. (Photo by NASA, ESA, N. Smith, University of California, Berkeley, and The Hubble Heritage Team. STScI | AURA):
6. Barred spiral galaxy NGC 1566 (SBbc) in the constellation Dorado. It is located 40 million light years from us. (Photo by ESA | Hubble & NASA, Flickr user Det58):
7. IRAS 14568-6304 is a young star located 2500 light years from Earth. This dark region is the Circinus molecular cloud, which has 250,000 solar masses and is filled with gas, dust, and young stars. (Photo by ESA | Hubble & NASA Acknowledgments: R. Sahai | JPL, Serge Meunier):
8. Portrait of a star kindergarten. Hundreds of brilliant blue stars covered in warm, glowing clouds make up R136, a compact star cluster that lies at the center of the Tarantula Nebula.
The R136 cluster is made up of young stars, giants, and supergiants, estimated to be about 2 million years old. (Photo by NASA, ESA, and F. Paresce, INAF-IASF, Bologna, R. O "Connell, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, and the Wide Field Camera 3 Science Oversight Committee):
9. Spiral galaxy NGC 7714 in the constellation Pisces. It is located at a distance of 100 million light years from Earth. (Photo by ESA, NASA, A. Gal-Yam, Weizmann Institute of Science):
10. An image taken by the Hubble Space Telescope shows the warm planetary nebula Red Spider, also known as NGC 6537.
This unusual undulating structure is located about 3,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation Sagittarius. A planetary nebula is an astronomical object consisting of an ionized gas envelope and a central star, a white dwarf. They are formed during the ejection of the outer layers of red giants and supergiants with a mass of up to 1.4 solar masses at the final stage of their evolution. (Photo by ESA & Garrelt Mellema, Leiden University, the Netherlands):
11. The Horsehead Nebula is a dark nebula in the constellation of Orion. One of the most famous nebulae. It is visible as a dark spot in the shape of a horse's head against the background of a red glow. This glow is explained by the ionization of hydrogen clouds behind the nebula under the action of radiation from the nearest bright star (ζ Orionis). (Photo by NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team, AURA | STScI):
12. This Hubble Space Telescope image shows the nearest spiral galaxy, NGC 1433, in the constellation Clock. It is located at a distance of 32 million light years from us, and belongs to the type of very active galaxies / (Photo by Space Scoop | ESA | Hubble & NASA, D. Calzetti, UMass and the LEGU.S. Team):
13. A rare cosmic phenomenon - the Einstein ring, resulting from the fact that the gravity of a massive body bends electromagnetic radiation coming towards the Earth from a more distant object.
Einstein's general theory of relativity states that the gravity of objects as large as galaxies in space bends the space around them and deflects light rays. In this case, a distorted image of another galaxy appears - a source of light. The galaxy that warps space is called a gravitational lens. (Photo by ESA | Hubble & NASA):
14. Nebula NGC 3372 in the constellation Carina. A large bright nebula that has several open star clusters within its boundaries. (Photo by NASA, ESA, M. Livio and the Hubble 20th Anniversary Team, STScI):
15. Abell 370 - a cluster of galaxies at a distance of about 4 billion light years in the constellation Cetus. The core of the cluster consists of several hundred galaxies. It is the most distant cluster. These galaxies are located at a distance of about 5 billion light years. (Photo by NASA, ESA, and J. Lotz and the HFF Team, STScI):
16. Galaxy NGC 4696 in the constellation Centaurus. It is located 145 million light years from Earth. It is the brightest galaxy in the Centaurus cluster. The galaxy is surrounded by many dwarf elliptical galaxies. (Photo by NASA, ESA | Hubble, A. Fabian):
17. Located within the Perseus-Pisces cluster of galaxies, the galaxy UGC 12591 attracts the attention of astronomers with its unusual shape- it is neither lenticular nor spiral, that is, it demonstrates features characteristic of both classes.
The star cluster UGC 12591 is relatively massive - its mass, as scientists were able to calculate, is about four times higher than that of our own Milky Way.
At the same time, the galaxy of a unique shape also changes its spatial position very quickly, while at the same time rotating around its axis at an abnormally high speed. Scientists have yet to figure out the reasons for such a high rotational speed of UGC 12591 around its axis. (Photo by ESA | Hubble & NASA):
18. How many stars! This is the center of our milky way, at a distance of 26,000 light years from us. (Photo by ESA | A. Calamida and K. Sahu, STScI and the SWEEPS Science Team | NASA):
19. Minkowski Nebula 2-9 or simply PN M2-9. The characteristic shape of the petals of the PN M2-9 nebula is most likely due to the movement of these two stars around each other. It is believed that a white dwarf rotates in the system, which causes the expanding shell larger star form wings or petals, instead of simply expanding like a uniform sphere. (Photo by ESA, Hubble & NASA, Acknowledgment: Judy Schmidt):
20. Planetary Nebula The Ring is located in the constellation Lyra. This is one of the most famous and recognizable examples of planetary nebulae. The Ring Nebula looks like a slightly elongated ring around the central star. The radius of the nebula is about a third of a light year. If the nebula expanded continuously, maintaining its current speed of 19 km/s, then its age is estimated to be between 6,000 and 8,000 years. (Photo by NASA, ESA, and C. Robert O'Dell, Vanderbilt University):
21. Galaxy NGC 5256 in the constellation Ursa Major. (Photo by ESA | Hubble, NASA):
22. Open cluster 6791 in the constellation Lyra. Among the faintest stars in the cluster are a group of white dwarfs that are 6 billion years old, and another group that is 4 billion years old. The ages of these groups are distinguished from the typical age of 8 billion years for the cluster as a whole. (Photo NASA, ESA):
23. The famous Pillars of Creation. These are clusters ("elephant trunks") of interstellar gas and dust in the Eagle Nebula, about 7,000 light-years from Earth. The Pillars of Creation - the remains of the central part of the gas-dust nebula Eagle in the constellation Serpens, consist, like the entire nebula, mainly of cold molecular hydrogen and dust. Under the influence of gravity in a gas and dust cloud, clumps are formed, from which stars can be born. The uniqueness of this object is that the first four massive stars (NGC 6611) (these stars are not visible in the photograph itself), which appeared in the center of the nebula about two million years ago, scattered its central part and a section from the Earth side. (Photo by NASA, ESA | Hubble and the Hubble Heritage Team):
24. The Bubble Nebula in the constellation Cassiopeia. The "bubble" was formed as a result of stellar wind from a hot massive star. The nebula itself is part of a giant molecular cloud located 7,100 to 11,000 light-years from the Sun. (Photo by NASA, ESA, Hubble Heritage Team):
