The elective course introduces high school students to the history of the formation of civil society in Great Britain, the USA and France in modern times. The manual, in addition to educational material on topics, includes control questions and tasks, the headings "Studying historical documents and monuments of law", "Round table of historians", "Reconstruction of historical events", a list of recommended literature, a glossary of terms, thematic planning.

The textbook has been revised in accordance with the GEF of basic general education. Taking into account modern scientific research, the main milestones of world history from 1500 to 1800 are considered: the Great geographical discoveries, the Renaissance.
Reformation, the first revolutions of the New Age, etc. Considerable attention is paid to the culture, life and customs of the era. The textbook uses a multi-level developing system of education, developed creative, design and research work for each chapter.

Buy a paper or e-book and download and read General History, Grade 7, History of Modern Times, 1500-1800, Yudovskaya A.Ya., Baranov P.L., Vanyushkina L.M., 2014

The textbook discusses the main milestones of world history from 1500 to 1800: the great geographical discoveries, the Renaissance, the Reformation, the first revolutions of the New Age, etc. Considerable attention is paid to the culture, life and customs of the era.

Buy a paper or e-book and download and read General History, History of Modern Times, 1500-1800, Grade 7, Yudovskaya A.Ya., Baranov P.A., Vanyushkina L.M., 2009

The textbook uses modern methodological approaches based on the achievements of Russian and world historical and pedagogical sciences.
The civilizational-formational approach used by the authors to the events under study makes it possible to show all aspects of the development of society in the 19th - early 20th centuries. Taking into account the age characteristics of students, the authors included in the textbook interesting stories from the general history, information about prominent people who lived at that time.
The methodological apparatus includes questions and tasks focused on developmental education, on the ability to solve problems that contribute to the socialization of the student's personality.

Download and read General history, grade 8, History of the new time, 1800-1913, Yudovskaya A.Ya., Baranov P.A., Vanyushkina L.M., 2007

The textbook discusses the main milestones of world history from 1500 to 1800: the great geographical discoveries, the Renaissance, and the Reformation, the first revolutions of the New Age, etc. Considerable attention is paid to the culture, life and customs of the era.

Buy a paper or e-book and download and read General History, Grade 7, History of Modern Times, 1500-1800, Yudovskaya A.Ya., Baranov P.A., Vanyushkina L.M., 2009

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General history. History of Modern Times, 1500-1800. 7th grade. Yudovskaya A.Ya. and etc.

5 -e ed. - M.: 2017. - 320 p. 14th ed. - M.: 2012. - 304 p.

This edition of the textbook has been revised in accordance with the GEF of basic general education. Taking into account modern scientific research, the main milestones of world history of 1500-1800 are considered: the great geographical discoveries, the Renaissance, the Reformation, the first revolutions of the New Age, etc. Considerable attention is paid to the culture, life and customs of the era. The textbook uses a multi-level developing system of education, developed creative, design and research work for each chapter.

Format: pdf (2017 , 320s.)

Size: 45 MB

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Format: djvu (2017 , 320s.)

Size: 22 MB

Watch, download: November .2019, links removed at the request of the Prosveshchenie publishing house (see note)

Format: pdf (2014 , 320s.)

Size: 73.5 MB

Watch, download: November .2019, links removed at the request of the Prosveshchenie publishing house (see note)

Format: pdf (2012 , 304s.)

Size: 50.2 MB

Watch, download: November .2019, links removed at the request of the Prosveshchenie publishing house (see note)

TABLE OF CONTENTS
From authors 3
From the Middle Ages to the New Age 5
Chapter I. The world at the beginning of modern times. Great geographical discoveries. Renaissance. Reformation
§ 1. Technical discoveries and access to the oceans 9
§ 2. Meeting of the worlds. Great geographical discoveries and their consequences 19
§ 3. Strengthening of royal power in the XVI-XVII centuries. Absolutism in Europe 29
§ 4. The spirit of entrepreneurship transforms the economy 40
§ 5. European Society in Early Modern Times 50
§ 6. Everyday life 57
§ 7. Great humanists of Europe 66
§ 8-9. World of Artistic Culture of the Renaissance 75
§ 10. The birth of a new European science 90
§ 11. Beginning of the Reformation in Europe. Christianity Renewal 98
§ 12. Spread of the Reformation in Europe. Counter-Reformation 107
§ 13. Royal power and the Reformation in England. Struggle for supremacy on the seas 117
§ 14. Religious wars and the strengthening of the absolute monarchy in France 125
Summing up 134
Chapter II. The first revolutions of the New Age. International relations (the struggle for supremacy in Europe and in the colonies)
§ 15. War of liberation in the Netherlands. Birth of the Republic of the United Provinces 137
§ 16. Parliament against the king. Revolution in England 148
§ 17. The path to a parliamentary monarchy 160
§ 18-19. International relations in the XVI-XVIII centuries 171
Summing up 182
Chapter III. Age of Enlightenment. Transformation time
§ 20. Great enlighteners of Europe 185
§ 21. The world of artistic culture of the Enlightenment 194
§ 22. On the way to the industrial era 207
§ 23. English colonies in North America 216
§ 24. War of Independence. Creation of the United States of America 226
§ 25. France in the XVIII century. Causes and beginning of the French Revolution 236
§ 26. French Revolution. From Monarchy to Republic 249
§ 27. French Revolution. From the Jacobin dictatorship to 18 Brumaire Napoleon Bonaparte 263
Summing up 273
Chapter IV. Traditional societies of the East. Beginning of European colonization
§ 28. States of the East: traditional society in the era of early modern times 276
§ 29-30. States of the East. Beginning of European colonization 286
Summing up 297
Conclusion 299
Dictionary of concepts and terms 303
Chronological table 310
Recommended Reading 313
Internet resources on the history of modern times 316

Dear Guys!

You begin to study the period of world history that replaced the Middle Ages. Although any era is new in relation to its predecessor, the name "New Time" was assigned only to this one - in confirmation of its special historical role and significance for the modern world.

Scientists argue about when the New Age began and when it ended. Some consider it the beginning of the English Revolution of the middle of the 17th century, others - the French Revolution of the late 18th century. Each of them is right in its own way, and in general any division of the continuous flow of historical events into clearly defined periods and stages is rather arbitrary. Yet most scientists around the world are now starting a new history around the end of the 15th century. and ends with the beginning of the 20th century. This is not as long a period as a millennium of the Middle Ages, not to mention several millennia of the history of the Ancient World, but still quite long. Therefore, within its framework, historians distinguish two periods: 1) the end of the 15th - the end of the 18th century; 2) the end of the XVIII - the beginning of the XX century. A kind of "watershed" between the two periods is the French Revolution at the end of the 18th century.

The textbook you opened will deal with the first of two periods. It was in this era that Europe for the first time transcended its borders. Europeans plow the expanses of all four oceans, mastering previously unknown lands. Never before have ties between continents been as intense and important for all their participants as they were in modern times. America, previously almost isolated from the Old World, is becoming more and more actively involved in these ties.

The new imperiously invades the economy and public life. Feudal relations, which until recently completely dominated, are gradually losing their positions. They are replaced by capitalist relations. True, at first they developed rapidly only in a few European countries, while in most of the continent feudalism lasted for a very long time.

The man of modern times differs in many respects from the man of the Middle Ages. He sees his relationship with God differently, and in earthly life he is guided by a different system of values. Not as before, the relations of people with state power are also developing. Steadily following the path of centralization, royal power in most European states reaches unprecedented power. However, during the same three centuries in the most developed countries of Europe, the time of the unrestricted power of monarchs passes.

It was in the New Age that many European states were born that still exist, the boundaries between them are more clearly defined, often very close to modern ones, and the nature of interstate relations is changing. The national self-consciousness of peoples, modern languages, original national cultures are being formed.

With the transitional nature of the era, its novelty was closely related to its unprecedented inconsistency. On the one hand, it was the time of brave navigators and deep thinkers, brilliant artists and wise sovereigns, the time of the birth of many values ​​that are understandable and close to us today. But those same centuries were an era of continuous warfare and the cruelties of the Inquisition, the extermination of Indians and witch hunts. The light and shadows of the New Age are inextricably linked with each other and only together make up the true appearance of the era.

New time is an integral and important part of the historical experience of our time. Much of what surrounds us now appeared then. This applies to the appearance of cities and dwellings, furniture and clothing, habits and tastes, religious movements, political ideas and principles, and much more. The works of artists, writers, thinkers of that time have firmly entered our lives, being the most important component of world culture.

Conventions

New words that need to be remembered, they are highlighted in the text in italics.

The most important dates to remember.

Tasks to be completed while working with the text.

Questions and tasks for the cards.

Statements that vividly characterize historical events and their participants.

Europe and the world in the era of great geographical discoveries

“Thousands of stories kindled curiosity, greed and ambition, everyone was attracted to those mysterious countries where nature did not stint on the creation of unusual monsters and generously dotted new lands with gold.”

French scientist J. Michelet

Ships of Christopher Columbus

§ 1. Sea route to India: searches and finds

Causes of the Great Geographical Discoveries

People traveled and made geographical discoveries at all times, but it is customary to call the era of the Great Geographical Discoveries a very specific historical period - from the end of the 15th to the middle of the 17th century. And this is true: no other time has been so full of geographical discoveries of this magnitude, and never have they had such exceptional significance for the destinies of Europe and the whole world. Why did the era of discovery come just then?

In the Middle Ages, people rarely traveled and did not know much about distant lands. A few exceptions (for example, the discoveries of the Vikings) remained unknown in other countries, and for Scandinavia itself they were of little importance. Indeed, in those days, society did not feel the need to discover new lands.

15th century map reflects the ideas of the ancient scientist Ptolemy, who believed that the Atlantic and Indian oceans are not connected to each other, and therefore there is no sea route from Europe to India

In the XIV-XV centuries. Europe entered a new era: cities grew, crafts and trade developed. Entrepreneurial people appeared, for whom money became the visible embodiment of success. More and more coins were needed, while in Europe it was sorely lacking, because gold and silver were exported to the East for centuries in exchange for fine fabrics, jewelry, spices and incense.

Representations of the people of the Middle Ages about the inhabitants of distant lands

Oriental goods entered Europe along the Great Silk Road and through the Arabian and Red Seas. Then, in the Mediterranean ports, the wealth of the East was acquired by merchants from Venice and Genoa, who transported them throughout Europe. On the way to the consumer, the product changed hands many times. As a result, intermediaries were enriched, and the price increased so much that, say, the spices familiar to us, which just then became fashionable in Europe, became a luxury item. A bag of pepper or cloves cost a fortune.

As a result of the Ottoman conquests, well-known trade routes were blocked for a while, prices for oriental goods jumped sharply, so the question inevitably had to arise: is there any other way to the riches of the East? Best of all - the sea, because it was the sea that could establish direct ties, trade without intermediaries and not depend on land conflicts and wars.