Well-being activity mood test online. SAN method: learning more about the child’s mood and condition. How is the questionnaire used?
The most important task school psychologist- monitoring the psychological well-being of adolescents. The SAN technique (“Well-being, activity, mood”) can help with this - the most effective way to identify the current state of students.
Methodology “Well-being, activity, mood”: authors and purpose
This technique was developed in 1973 by a group of Soviet scientists, headed by physiologist and hygienist Valery Doskin.
Doskin Valery Anatolyevich (born 09.23.1941, Stalingrad) – physiologist, hygienist, doctor medical sciences(1986), professor (1991), Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation (2001). RMA NPO Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
The purpose is to quickly assess the current psychological state of an individual. It is used in working with schoolchildren and students. It is important to remember that this assessment method is designed for students at least 14 years old.
Description of the diagnostic procedure
To conduct diagnostics using the SAN method, ask a student (or group of students) to fill out a special form. The form shows 30 alternative states, for example, “I am happy - I am unhappy,” “I am happy - I am sad.” Between these definitions there is a scale: 3–2-1–0-1–2-3. If a student feels happy, he or she will highlight the number “3” next to the statement “I am happy.” If he is unhappy, he chooses the opposite “three”. If the student feels neither happy nor unhappy, mark “0”. If he feels that he is “almost happy”, he allocates a “two”; if he is “rather happy than unhappy” - “one”.
It is very important that the teenager clearly understands: the answer should reflect the current state, and not how he assesses life satisfaction as a whole. It is critical that the student gives honest answers. You need to be warned about this before starting the diagnostic procedure.
The study takes 10–15 minutes.
Data processing, calculation of results and their interpretation
To summarize, use a modernized scale in which the most negative answer (“I’m unhappy”) is scored 1 point, and the most positive answer (“I’m happy”) is scored 7 points. The answer “+2”, accordingly, will be worth 6 points, the answer “+1” - 5, “0” - 4, etc. Remember that in some questions the most negative option is located not on the right, but on the left, so prepare the key carefully.
In order to assess the student’s well-being, sum up his points received for answers to questions 1, 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 19, 20, 25, 26. Activity is assessed using questions 3, 4, 9, 10, 15 , 16, 21, 22, 27, 28. The remaining ten questions help assess the teenager’s current mood.
Divide the amount received in each category by 10. Thus, the maximum score in each category is 7, the minimum is 1. Valery Doskin wrote that a score above four indicates a favorable state of health of the subject. If the score is below four, then you should pay attention to this. If the score is below 2.5, it makes sense to have a separate conversation with the student. Perhaps the child needs urgent psychological assistance. However, it is important to remember that categories cannot be assessed in isolation from each other. Let low scores in the “well-being” category not cause you much concern if the teenager’s “mood” category is above four. This situation only means that the subject feels physically tired, but his psychological state is at a completely acceptable level.
This technique is a reliable and proven way to quickly and effectively assess the psychological state of students.
The psycho-emotional state plays a very important role important role in a person’s life, influencing all areas of activity. And if we are talking about a child, then these indicators are considered basic for full intellectual and physical development. That is why it is so important to diagnose and eliminate, if necessary, any disorders associated with the area of emotions and feelings. One of effective ways determining well-being, mood and general activity is the SAN technique.
Description of the method “Well-being, activity, mood”
The SAN technique was proposed in 1973 by a group of scientists from the 1st Moscow medical institute named after Sechenov. The developers included V.A. Doskin, N.A. Lavrentieva, V.B. Sharai and M.P. Miroshnikov. The test consists of 30 pairs of words describing general conditions, the degree of emotional and physical activity and a person’s mood. The scientists identified the following as the objectives of the study:
- assessment of the mental state of the subject;
- identification of psycho-emotional reaction to mental stress;
- determination of biological rhythms characteristic of physiological and mental functions.
- start of school;
- transition to middle management;
- beginning of puberty;
- entering high school and graduating from high school.
Thus, the SAN technique can be used to diagnose children of any age.
SAN testing procedure
Both group and individual diagnostic methods are possible. Using one-on-one with the test subject is recommended if the child is unsure of reading and has difficulty understanding the meaning of all the condition words on the analysis of which the test is based. There are no time limits for children, but it is worth pointing out that the answer should be given quickly - the first one that comes to mind. This is the only way to count on the objectivity of the test results.
In working with preschoolers and younger schoolchildren It is important to analyze each pair of words so that the subject does not have a misunderstanding of the essence of the question.
Instructions for organizing diagnostics:
File: Stimulus material
Processing and interpretation of results (calculation)
Index 3, indicating an unsatisfactory condition, is scored 1 point, index 2 - 2 points, 3 - 3 points. For a mark of 0, we count the child 4 points. Index 1, indicating the weak expression of a positive state, is estimated at 5 points, 2 - at 6, 3 - at 7. Thus, the subject receives low points for a negative state, and high points for a positive state. After calculation, you need to display the total amount of estimates, focusing on the table (key):
By total amount- from 10 to 70 points - you can determine the state of the subject at the current time:
- less than 30 is a bad indicator;
- from 30 to 50 - average;
- more than 50 - high.
A number of sources offer a slightly different calculation system: the results obtained on each scale must be divided by 10. The result will be GPA:
- more than 4 - favorable condition;
- 5–5.5 - normal values;
- less than 4 is a bad value.
The first tests of the technique took place on a group of students from the 1st Sechenov Moscow Medical Institute. The average scores for the subjects ranged from 5 to 5.5 points. In the early 2000s, the experiment was repeated. The same age group students, the values dropped to 3–3.5 points.
Please note that in order to draw an objective picture of the child’s psycho-emotional state, it is also important to take into account the ratio of indicators. So, if the baby is rested and in a good mood, then his assessments of activity, mood and well-being will be approximately the same. But if fatigue or tension increases, then the values of well-being and activity will be significantly lower than mood.
The SAN technique is a convenient diagnostic tool for determining the psycho-emotional state of a schoolchild in at different ages. Using the test, you can assess not only the mental state of the subject, but also identify biological rhythms associated with processes in the child’s body.
The SAN (Well-being. Activity. Mood) method was developed in 1973 by a team of authors (V. A. Doskin, N. A. Lavrentieva, M. P. Miroshnikov, V. B. Sharai) and is aimed at studying current well-being, mood and activity of the subject.
The technique is used to track changes in the emotional and functional states of the subject at the beginning and at the end of the consultation; for studying performance curves, diagnosing fatigue and other types of functional states. The technique can also be used in research on ergonomics, physiology, occupational hygiene, and when working with students and athletes. Can be used as a method of express diagnostics of the current functional state.
Diagnostic procedure
INSTRUCTIONS
“You need to express your condition with a number of points from 1 to 4, keeping in mind that points “1” and “2” correspond to the scores in the left column, and points “3” and “4” correspond to the scores on the right. You should answer each question, considering that scores of “1” and “4” are closer to the proposed assessments, and scores of “2” and “3” mean less agreement with the proposed assessments.”
QUESTIONNAIRE FORM
|
No. |
Ratings |
Points |
Ratings |
|
|
I feel good |
1 2 3 4 |
Feeling bad |
||
|
Feeling strong |
1 2 3 4 |
I feel weak |
||
|
Passive |
1 2 3 4 |
Active |
||
|
Sedentary |
1 2 3 4 |
Mobile |
||
|
Funny |
1 2 3 4 |
Sad |
||
|
1 2 3 4 |
Bad mood |
|||
|
Efficient |
1 2 3 4 |
Broken |
||
|
Full of strength |
1 2 3 4 |
Exhausted |
||
|
Slow |
1 2 3 4 |
Fast |
||
|
Inactive |
1 2 3 4 |
Active |
||
|
Happy |
1 2 3 4 |
Unhappy |
||
|
Cheerful |
1 2 3 4 |
Gloomy |
||
|
Tense |
1 2 3 4 |
Relaxed |
||
|
Healthy |
1 2 3 4 |
Sick |
||
|
Indifferent |
1 2 3 4 |
Passionate |
||
|
Indifferent |
1 2 3 4 |
Interested |
||
|
Enthusiastic |
1 2 3 4 |
Sad |
||
|
Glad |
1 2 3 4 |
Sad |
||
|
Rested |
1 2 3 4 |
Tired |
||
|
Fresh |
1 2 3 4 |
Exhausted |
||
|
Sleepy |
1 2 3 4 |
Excited |
||
|
Desire to rest |
1 2 3 4 |
A desire to work |
||
|
Calm |
1 2 3 4 |
Excited |
||
|
Optimistic |
1 2 3 4 |
Pessimistic |
||
|
Hardy |
1 2 3 4 |
Tired |
||
|
Cheerful |
1 2 3 4 |
Lethargic |
||
|
It's hard to think |
1 2 3 4 |
It's easy to think |
||
|
Absent-minded |
1 2 3 4 |
Attentive |
||
|
Full of hope |
1 2 3 4 |
Disappointed |
||
|
Pleased |
1 2 3 4 |
Dissatisfied |
PROCESSING AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
The results are processed as follows: where there is a sign (X), a reverse scoring is carried out: instead of 1.2, 3.4, 4, 3, 2.1 points are calculated, respectively.
The minimum number of points for each of the three state parameters is 10, the maximum is 40 (for each parameter - well-being, activity and mood - there are 10 ratings). For comparability of self-assessment results, the Kx2 coefficient is introduced. Then 4 usual gradations of states can be obtained by intervals: 20-34,35-49, 50-64, 65-80. Conventionally, they can be attributed to situational manifestations of melancholy, phlegmaty, sanguinia and choleria, respectively.
|
Options |
No. of ratings |
|
|
Well-being |
1, 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 19, 20, 25, 26 |
|
|
General activity |
3, 4, 9, 10, 15, 16, 21, 22, 27, 28 |
|
|
Mood |
5, 6, 11, 12, 17, 18, 23, 24, 29, 30 |
The SAN technique is a type of state and mood questionnaire. Developed by V. A. Doskin, N. A. Lavrentieva, V. B. Sharai, M. P. Miroshnikov in 1973. When developing the methodology, the authors proceeded from the fact that the three main components of the functional psycho-emotional state - well-being, activity and mood can be characterized by polar assessments, between which there is a continuum sequence of intermediate values.
Well-being is a complex of subjective sensations that reflect the degree of physiological and psychological comfort of a person’s state, the direction of thoughts, feelings, etc. Well-being can be presented in the form of some general characteristics (poor/good health, cheerfulness, malaise, etc.), and can also be localized in relation to certain forms of sensation (a feeling of discomfort in various parts of the body).
Activity - 1) general characteristic living beings, their own dynamics as a source of transformation or maintenance of vital connections with the environment, which has its own hierarchy: chemical, physical nervous mental activity, activity of consciousness, individual, group, society. Activity is built in accordance with the probabilistic forecasting of the development of events in the environment and the position of the organism in it; 2) one of the areas of manifestation of temperament that is determined by the intensity and volume of a person’s interaction with physical and social environment. According to this parameter, a person can be inert, passive, calm, proactive, active or impetuous.
Mood is a relatively long-term, stable state of a person which can be represented as: 1) emotional background (elevated, depressed) i.e. be emotional reaction not on the immediate consequences of specific events, but on their meaning for the subject in the context of general life plans, interests and expectations; 2) a clearly identifiable state (boredom, sadness, melancholy, fear, enthusiasm, joy, delight, etc.). Mood, unlike feelings, is always directed towards one or another object. Mood, being caused by a specific reason, a specific occasion, is manifested in the characteristics of a person’s emotional response to influences of any nature.
Processing the results.
When processing the research results, the scores are recalculated into “raw” points from 1 to 7 (the extreme degree of severity of the negative pole of the pair is estimated at 1 point, and the extreme degree of severity of the positive pole of the pair is 7). It should be taken into account that the poles of the scales are constantly changing.
Option 1. The points received are grouped according to the keys into three categories and the number of points for each of them is calculated.
Well-being: 1, 2, 7, 8, 13, 14,19, 20, 25, 26.
Activity: 3, 4, 9, 10, 15,16, 21, 22, 27, 28.
Mood: 5, 6,11, 12, 17, 18, 23, 24,29, 30.
The results obtained for each category are divided by 10.
Interpretation. The average score of the scale is 4. Scores exceeding 4 points indicate a favorable condition of the subject. Scores below 4 points indicate an unfavorable condition of the subject. State scores in the range of 5.0-5.5 points indicate the normal condition of the subject. It should be taken into account that when analyzing the functional state of a subject, not only the values of individual SAN indicators are important, but also their ratio.
Option 2. The sum of points scored by the subject on all 30 scales is divided by 30.
Interpretation.
1-3 points - a person who is in a predominantly bad mood
3.5-4.5 points - a person who is dominated by a changeable mood or a person who himself is not able to assess his mood as good or bad.
5-7 points - a person who is most often dominated by a good mood
Typical map of the SAN methodology
Instructions: “You are asked to describe your current state using a table consisting of 30 polar characteristics. In each pair, you must select the characteristic that most accurately describes your condition and mark the number that corresponds to the degree (strength) of expression of this characteristic.”
| I feel good | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Feeling bad | |
| Feeling strong | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | I feel weak | |
| Passive | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Active | |
| Sedentary | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Mobile | |
| Funny | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Sad | |
| Good mood | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Bad mood | |
| Efficient | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Broken | |
| Full of strength | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Exhausted | |
| Slow | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Fast | |
| Inactive | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Active | |
| Happy | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Unhappy | |
| Cheerful | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Gloomy | |
| Tense | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Relaxed | |
| Healthy | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Sick | |
| Indifferent | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Passionate | |
| Indifferent | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Excited | |
| Enthusiastic | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Sad | |
| Glad | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Sad | |
| Rested | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Tired | |
| Fresh | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Exhausted | |
| Sleepy | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Excited | |
| Desire to rest | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | A desire to work | |
| Calm | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Concerned | |
| Optimistic | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Pessimistic | |
| Hardy | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Tired | |
| Cheerful | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Lethargic | |
| It's hard to think | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | It's easy to think | |
| Absent-minded | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Attentive | |
| Full of hope | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Disappointed | |
| Pleased | 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 | Dissatisfied |
Chapter 4. Monitoring the formation of universal educational activities in primary school(according to Federal State Educational Standards)
To assess well-being, activity and mood, a special questionnaire was developed. It was created by employees of the First Moscow Medical Institute named after. I. M. Sechenov. More specifically, in 1973, the SAN questionnaire was developed by V. A. Doskin, N. A. Lavrentieva, V. B. Sharai, M. P. Miroshnikov. The features of this testing are described in the article.
How is the questionnaire used?
The test is in demand for assessment. At the same time, it reflects the well-being of not only patients in medical institutions, but also healthy people. The study is aimed at determining They are represented by periodically repeated changes in the characteristics, strength of phenomena and processes of a biological nature. This also applies to individual characteristics, reflecting psychophysiological functions.
Passing the test consists of correlating the condition with psychological signs. The SAN questionnaire is very easy to use. It is presented in the form of a scale with indices (3 2 1 0 1 2 3). The subject is offered 30 pairs of words that have the opposite meaning. The task is to select and circle 1 number on each scale. The selected value should most accurately reflect the person’s condition at the time of the test.
Components of the questionnaire
Using the form, you can analyze your well-being at the present moment. The point is that it is always formed from several characteristics.
The SAN questionnaire reveals the following features:
- A sense of well-being consisting of strength, fatigue and health.
- Activity - from mobility, the speed of functions.
- Mood, made up of characteristics of an emotional state.
It is these characteristics that show how the respondent feels in this moment time. Thanks to testing, the general state of health, the degree of mobility, as well as the emotional background become clear.
Test structure
The SAN questionnaire is composed of 30 pairs of opposite qualities that characterize well-being. The answers to them help you understand yourself, displaying the extent of the manifestation of each characteristic at a given moment in time. When taking the test, you need to describe your condition as accurately as possible. To do this, in each of the given pairs you need to select a feature with which you can display the state at a given moment in time. For this purpose, you should choose a number that most accurately corresponds to the sensations at a given moment in time.
Each of the scales has an average score of 4. This is how the SAN questionnaire is structured. Well-being, activity, and mood are defined as favorable when the score exceeds 4 points. But if the value is smaller, then one cannot judge a good attitude towards what is happening at this moment in time. Normal assessments of the condition are characterized by a range of 5.0-5.5 points.
Well-being
One of the characteristics to be analyzed is how the individual feels. It is a collection of subjective sensations. In this way, the characteristics of physiological and psychological comfort are identified. The direction of feelings and thoughts is also determined if you try the SAN questionnaire in action.
Interpretation of the results indicates that well-being is represented by some general characteristic. This could be vigor, malaise, and others. Such emotions can cause discomfort in different parts of the body.
Activity
The activity is general characteristic Living creatures. At the same time, one’s own dynamics consists of transforming or maintaining vital relationships with external stimuli. This comes with a certain division. It is represented by types of activity:
- Chemical.
- Activity of consciousness.
- Physical, nervous, mental activity.
- Groups.
- Personalities.
- Society.
Activity is directly related to how events are predicted. This concerns the environment itself, as well as the position of a living organism in it.
In addition, this is an area of manifestation of temperament. It is determined by the breadth of human interaction and environment(social and physical). This parameter determines the state of health that meets the following characteristics:
- Inertia.
- Passivity.
- Initiative.
- Calm.
- Swiftness.
- Activity.
Mood
This quality is represented by long-term conditions characterized by stability. This is how the SAN questionnaire is designed. Interpretation involves assessing the emotional background that characterizes depressed or elevated mood. represents a reaction to the consequences of certain events. This also applies to their meaning in relation to general expectations, life plans and interests.
In this case, clear identification of the condition is important. It can be boredom or delight, joy. Unlike sensations, mood is directed towards one or another object. It is caused by some reason, reason. At the same time, the presence of an emotional response to any influence is important.
How data is processed
It is followed by index 2, which corresponds to the same number of points. And 1 is taken as 3 points and so on. The poles of the scale undergo constant changes. Index 3 s opposite side becomes equal to 7 points. Positive states are characterized by high values, and negative states are characterized by the lowest values. Based on the given scores, the arithmetic mean should be calculated. This should be done in general, as well as separately, depending on activity, mood and well-being.
This test is very effective and simple. It is especially convenient to complete it online, filling out a blank field each time. Although you can use a printout and a pen to identify the peculiarities of your well-being. It can be carried out by a professional or for the purpose of satisfying personal interest.
