What is the importance of air, oxygen for human life, plants and all living organisms? How long can a healthy person, a human brain live without air, oxygen? What is the record for holding a person's breath underwater? Lesson on the topic "Air.

State Institution "Secondary School No. 2"

Teacher: Podkolzina S.N.

Class: 2

Saran 2011-2012 G.

Subject: Air. The value of air.

Tasks: to continue the formation of ideas about the air, its composition, importance for plants, animals and humans, the main causes and consequences of air pollution, the most important measures for its protection; to teach children to read the scheme, to develop the ability to aesthetic perception of nature; educate respect for nature, interest in the subject.

Teaching methods:

1. Partial search

2. Explanatory and illustrative.

Forms of organization of cognitive activity

1. Frontal

3. Group

4. Individual

During the classes.

1. Organizational moment.

We begin the lesson of knowledge of the world.

Why are we studying this subject? (to learn more about nature, about everything that surrounds us)

How do you learn something new for yourself? (we read, the teacher tells, we ask other people)

Of course, if you do not ask questions to yourself or others, then you will not know anything ...

We have six servants,

Agile, remote.

And everything we see around

We all know from them.

They are by our sign

Are in need.

They are called: how and why,

Who, what, when and where?

2. Checking homework.

What topic did we study in the last lesson of knowing the world?

What questions have you prepared on this topic?

Children use the presentation to remember the studied material.

Test.Subject: Horizon. Compass. Plan.

The space you see around you is...

a) horizon

2. The boundary of visible space, where it seems that the sky converges with the earth, is ...

a) horizon line

b) horizon

c) horizon line

3.The main sides of the horizon ...

a) south, north

b) south, west, north, east

c) west east

4. The branches of a free-standing tree are longer and thicker ...

a) south side

b) north side

c) on the east side

5. Which side does the moss cover on the stone?

a) western

c) northern

6. A compass is a device for determining ...

a) sides of the horizon

b) time

c) temperature

7. People of what specialty do not need a compass?

c) pilot

8. The view from above is...

a) drawing

c) drawing

9. Reducing or increasing the actual dimensions in the drawing is ...

b) scale

10. An accurate plan of the area is needed ...

a) a geologist

b) teacher

c) a cook

11.* Which side of the horizon is not intermediate?

a) northwest

b) southeast

c) north-south

12.* If you go forward, the horizon line ...

a) disappear

b) will be removed

c) stay put

13.* Plan of what object will we draw without scale?

a) glass

14.* Where is east on the map?

b) right

c) at the top

15.* Guess a riddle:

If we go on a hike with him -

Will never let you down.

score

answer

compass

3. Determining the topic of the lesson. Statement of educational tasks.

ABOUT n transparent invisible,

Light and colorless gas.

Weightless scarf

He envelops us.

We don't notice it

We don't talk about him.

We just breathe it in

After all, we need it.

What is this? (air)

Of course, guys, it's air.

What do you guys think, what is the topic of our today's lesson? (Air.)

What questions would you like answered today?

(What is air? Who needs it? Why is it needed? Why is air a treasure? How to preserve this wealth?)

4. Learning new material.

Now take a close look at the diagram.

Scheme:

We live on planet earth

in the apartment

In Kazakhstan

in the city of Karaganda

at the bottom of the ocean

Do you agree with all these statements? What do you disagree with?

Look at the picture. (Earth surrounded by an air shell)

There is a huge air ocean above the Earth, and every hour, every minute without noticing it, we “bath” in it. And passers-by on the street, and cats, and dogs, and pigeons, and even buses and cars "bath" in this ocean.

The air shell of the Earth is its amazing blue “shirt”. It is no coincidence that our Earth is called the blue planet. The height of the air shell reaches 1 thousand kilometers.

How can we be sure that air exists? After all, we cannot see it. Let's turn to the textbook for help (pp. 34-35).

Textbook article:

Air surrounds us everywhere: on the street, in the classroom, in the room. Air cannot be seen, but it can be felt if... Continue the thought.

(children's answers)

-To feel the air, you have to make it move.

What is the moving air called? (wind) Why does the wind blow? (The earth in different places is heated differently by the sun. The air also heats up from the earth. Warm air is lighter than cold air. It rises. And cold air rushes to its place. This is where the wind arises.)

Observing nature, we are constantly convinced that nature is reasonable, that there is nothing random in the world around us, there is not a single superfluous element, everything in nature is interconnected. Why is air needed? What is its meaning? (children's answers)

First of all, air is necessary for breathing.

Air properties.

*Invisible

*Colorless

* Without smell

*Without taste

-Air is a mixture of gases, primarily nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide. (scheme "Composition of air")

What gas is in the air the most? (nitrogen)

A bit less? (oxygen)

And very little? (carbon dioxide)

-What gas do you think is the most important? (oxygen)

Air value

How else does a person use air? You yourself will answer my question by completing the task. We work in groups.

(each group receives an envelope with pictures):

dandelion and maple

sailing ship,

helicopter, plane, hot air balloon,

windmill.

-Look at the pictures and think about how they relate to the topic of our lesson. Talk about the importance of air.

See how a windmill works.

And this is what the wind farm you just heard about looks like.

You see how important air and wind are.

It would seem that a person should only rejoice at such a gift of nature - the air, take care of its purity. What is really happening?

In fact, more and more often in different parts of the world you can see such terrible pictures.

(smog over the city, smoking factories, car exhaust fumes)

TO teacher's comment:

The pipes of plants and factories release entire rivers of carbon dioxide into the air. The expression "nothing to breathe" is increasingly common in the conversations of most urban residents. An increasing number of people on our planet suffer from a disease - asthma. Sick people have severe difficulty breathing, they suffocate.

What other sources of air pollution can you name?

Scheme:

Sources of air pollution: 1) cars,

2) plants and factories,

I breathe, which means I live. It seems to me that this phrase most fully reflects the great importance of air in our life. Since childhood, every person knows that the air surrounds us everywhere. But far from everyone can imagine how important air is for all life on our planet. I am going to tell you about the importance of air for living organisms.

The role of air in people's lives

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of air in our life. It is a necessary component for sustaining human life. Thanks to the air, every cell of the human body can be saturated with oxygen. When a person breathes, the whole body is filled with energy.

Thanks to the air space, heat exchange between a person and the environment is possible. In addition, the air protects a person by reducing the concentration of various kinds of chemical pollutants to an acceptable level, which means that the risk of poisoning the body is minimized.

The role of air in the life of animals and plants

Air is important not only for humans, but in general for all living things. Animals also need it for the respiratory process. Thanks to the air in animals, the metabolism is normalized.

Plants also need air. Thanks to him, at the cellular level, plants are saturated with oxygen, without which their growth and normal development are simply impossible.

If there was no air

Let's imagine what would happen to us if, for some reason, the air suddenly disappeared. I can definitely say that nothing good!

Here's what would happen:

The atmosphere would no longer be able to protect the Earth from aggressive solar exposure, in some places it would be very light, and in some places, on the contrary, it would be too dark, because the sun's rays would no longer be scattered.
The earth would be a target for meteorites.
The Earth's climate would change radically. For example, there would be a huge range of daytime and nighttime temperatures. It would reach 200 degrees! If there were no rainfall, there would be no clouds.

In other words, without air and atmosphere, there would be no life on our planet.

Objectives: to continue the formation of ideas about the air, its composition, importance for plants, animals and humans, the main causes and consequences of air pollution, the most important measures for its protection; to teach children to read the scheme, to develop the ability to aesthetic perception of nature; educate respect for nature, interest in the subject.

During the classes

1. Organizational moment.

We begin the lesson of the surrounding world.

Why are we studying this subject? (to learn more about nature, about everything that surrounds us)

How do you learn something new for yourself? (we read, the teacher tells, we ask other people)

Of course, if you do not ask questions to yourself or others, then you will not know anything ...

We have six servants,
Agile, remote.
And everything we see around
We all know from them.
They are by our sign
Are in need.
They are called: how and why,
Who, what, when and where?

2. Checking homework.

What topic did we study in the last lesson of the world around us?

What questions have you prepared on this topic?

(On the board there is a chamomile with petals on which the questions “How?”, “Why?”, “Who?”, “What?”, “Where?”, “When?” and “Where?” The children tear off one petal each and ask their classmates their question, listen to the answer, evaluate it.)

Sample questions:

How does a person use rocks and minerals?
Why are rocks and minerals called wealth?
Where can you find minerals?
Who extracts and uses minerals?
What are minerals?
When did people learn to use minerals?

Our Earth is rich in various treasures. Today I received a very expensive gift. What do you think? (…) Would you like to take a look? (A jar labeled "Treasure Bank".)

Read.

What are the treasures inside? (minerals)

Can you recognize them? Let's try.

(I call one student to the board, he takes out one sample at a time, shows the students, and they determine what kind of mineral it is, they say how a person uses it.)

Are there any treasures left in the bank? (no) Look closely. (there is nothing)

And I don't agree with you. Here remains the most precious, most necessary treasure for you and me.

He is a transparent invisible
Light and colorless gas.
Weightless scarf
He envelops us.
We don't notice it
We don't talk about him.
We just breathe it in
After all, we need it.
- What is this? (air)

Of course, guys, it's air.

3. Determining the topic of the lesson. Statement of educational tasks.

What do you guys think, what is the topic of our today's lesson? (Air.)

What questions would you like answered today?

(What is air? Who needs it? Why is it needed? Why is air a treasure? How to preserve this wealth?)

Clarification of the objectives of the lesson by the teacher.

What is air?
How to prove that air exists?
What is the meaning of air?
Why is the air polluted?
How to protect the air?

4. Learning new material.

Now take a close look at the diagram.

We are living…

On the Earth
in the apartment
in Russia
in the city of Chekhov
at the bottom of the ocean

Do you agree with all these statements? What do you disagree with?

Look at the picture.

Above the Earth there is a huge ocean of air, and every hour, every minute without noticing it ourselves, we “bath” in it. And passers-by on the street, and cats, and dogs, and pigeons, and even buses and cars “bath” in this ocean.

The air shell of the Earth is its amazing blue “shirt”. It is no coincidence that our Earth is called the blue planet. The height of the air shell reaches 1 thousand kilometers.

How can we be sure that air exists? After all, we cannot see it. Let's turn to the textbook for help (p. 38).

Textbook article:

Air surrounds us everywhere: on the street, in the classroom, in the room. Air cannot be seen, but it can be felt if... Continue the thought.

(children's answers)

Compare your answers with the textbook. (on page 38) reading

Did our answers match the textbook?

To feel the air, you have to make it move. What is the moving air called? (wind) Why does the wind blow? (The earth in different places is heated differently by the sun. The air also heats up from the earth. Warm air is lighter than cold air. It rises. And cold air rushes to its place. This is where the wind arises.)

Air can not only be felt, it can also be heard. (demonstration of a toy with a squeaker)

Why is there a beep? (when we squeeze the toy, the air presses against its walls with great force, a squeak is heard)

I think now no one doubts that air exists.

First of all, air is necessary for breathing.

Breathing exercises.

Remember what breathing exercises we know.

1. Deep breath, exhale in portions.

2. Deep breath in, exhale with a hiss.

3. Deep breath - hands through the sides up, rise on toes, exhale - lower your hands down.

Air is a mixture of gases, primarily nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide.

What gas is in the air the most? (nitrogen)

A bit less? (oxygen)

And very little? (carbon dioxide)

What gas do you think is the most important? (oxygen)

Why? (required for breathing)

Right. Every person breathes - inhales oxygen, and exhales carbon dioxide. Breathing people, animals .... Why, then, oxygen has not yet ended in the air? (children's answers)

Plants also breathe, but they breathe in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. In this way, the balance in the composition of the air is maintained.

So, air is necessary for breathing for all living organisms.

Consider the figure on page 38.

Why is the girl rubbing the surface of the leaves of the plant?

Why is it important to ventilate a room?

What else is air for?

Burning experience.

The paper on the saucer ignites. Covered with a glass. The paper is off.

Why did the flame go out?

It turns out that there is no fire without oxygen.

And is it good or bad?

On the one hand, fire is necessary for human life. When the ancient people learned how to make fire, their life became much easier. Fire scared away predatory animals, warmed people during cold weather, and helped to cook food.

On the other hand, fire can be dangerous. How? (by fires)

Tell me why it is impossible to open a window during a fire in a room? (air flow intensifies the fire)

Where is it easier to put out the fire - indoors or outdoors? (in closed)

Fizminutka.

The wind blows in our faces
The tree swayed.
The wind is getting quieter, quieter...
The tree is getting higher and higher!

How else does a person use air? You yourself will answer my question by completing the task. We work in groups.

(each group receives an envelope with pictures:

dandelion and maple
sailing ship,
helicopter, plane, hot air balloon,
windmill.

Look at the pictures and think about how they relate to the topic of our lesson. Talk about the importance of air.

See how a windmill works. (animation on disk)

And this is what the wind farm you just heard about looks like. (drawing)

You see how important air and wind are.

It would seem that a person should only rejoice at such a gift of nature - the air, take care of its purity. What is really happening?

In fact, more and more often in different parts of the world you can see such terrible pictures.

(visual range: smog over the city, smoking factories, car exhaust fumes)

Consider the diagram that Seryozha drew. (p. 39) Explain its meaning. (children's answers)

Sections: Primary School

to acquaint with the riches of nature - air and water; to teach the practical study of nature;
find out the sources of water and air pollution in our region; determine measures to protect water and air from pollution in our city;
to form methods of educational activity, the concept of the ecological integrity of nature;
to instill an ecological culture in younger schoolchildren based on the use of local history material.

Equipment: signal cards, subject pictures, diagrams, tests, test tube, glass, saucer, paper, balloon, environmental signs.

During the classes

I. Organization of the class.

The bell rang loudly
The lesson starts.
Our ears are on top,
The eyes are wide open.
We listen, we remember
We don't waste a minute.

II. Checking homework.

1. Teamwork. The game "Alive - inanimate."

Signal:

green - wildlife,
red - inanimate nature.

Chamomile, linden, cloud, mushroom, stone, bee, crow, sun, berry, rooster, water, dog, air, fish.

2. Individual work at the board.

Arrange the cards with drawings of living and inanimate nature correctly.

1 student

2 student

living nature inanimate nature

3. Individual work on tests. The game "Tic-tac-toe".

1. Inanimate nature includes:

2. Wildlife includes:

A). man, animals, plants, fungi and microbes;
b). sun, air, water, man and everything that is made by his hands;
V). sun, sky, clouds, stones, water, rain, snow.

3. Living beings differ from inanimate objects in that:

A). they breathe, eat, grow, bear offspring, die;
b). they talk, run and jump, laugh, cry, grow, die;
V). they move, grow, change the environment, die.

4. Work at the blackboard.

Draw the following line to any wildlife object:

III. Presentation of the topic and objectives of the lesson.

Today we will take a closer look at the very important natural resources that nature gives us.

Guess the riddles:

Passes through the nose to the chest
And the reverse holds the way
He's invisible and yet
We cannot live without it. (Air)

Very good-natured
I am soft, obedient,
But when I want
I will even wear out a stone. (Water)

That's right, in the lesson we will talk about air and water, get acquainted with their significance for all living things, with sources of pollution and measures to protect air and water from pollution.

IV. Work on the topic.

1. Air and its importance for all living things.

Experience 1.-What's in this tube?

Well, let's check that it's really empty. (We lower the test tube into a vessel with water).

You see, bubbles ran out of the neck, and you say “empty”. So what kind of invisible person was sitting in a test tube, who did the bubbles give out?

That's right, this is air, without which there would be no life on earth.

The ocean of air is called the atmosphere. The blue "shirt" saves our planet from the heat of the sun, from cosmic cold, protects the Earth from meteorites, monitors the climate on our planet. Thanks to the air shell, life exists on Earth.

Air is not just a gas, but a mixture of different gases, primarily nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide. To better understand which gases in the air are more and which are less, look at the graphic "balloon".

What do you think is the most important gas in the air?

We breathe in air with oxygen, and we breathe out air without oxygen. But it becomes more carbon dioxide, which is not suitable for breathing.

Tell me, why do we ventilate the rooms?

What conclusion can be drawn?

Experience2. But oxygen is needed for more than just breathing.

Look, I'm lighting a piece of paper. Is it on?

And now I will cover it with a glass. One, two, three ... went out. Why?

The paper has not yet burned, but there can be no fire without oxygen. People, animals breathe, fire burns - it also takes oxygen and carbon dioxide becomes more and more. The pipes of factories, factories, power plants release entire clouds of carbon dioxide into the air. All living things would have suffocated long ago if .... The more plants, the cleaner the air.

Where can a person use this property? (when extinguishing a fire)

2. Sources of air pollution in our city. Protection of air from pollution.

A). Problematic situation.

We received a telegram from the residents of our city:

“Not enough fresh air! I can not breathe! Hordes of cars filled the streets, bringing down on the townspeople their exhaust fumes. Factories smoke endlessly. We are suffocating from the terrible smoke, caustic burning, poisonous soot. Help!".

b). Causes of air pollution in our city.

We urgently need to hold a Conference of Ecologists to discuss what pollutes the atmosphere, what needs to be done to protect it from pollution. Correspondents will help us in solving these issues.

1 correspondent Atmospheric air is under serious pressure from emissions from industrial enterprises and transport. The pipes of factories release entire rivers of carbon dioxide into the air, jets of various gases escape from the exhaust pipes of cars.

2 correspondent The car has become the worst enemy of nature. It ranks first in terms of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. One car a year emits a ton of exhaust gases, in which there are 200 types of harmful substances. The same car gives 10 kg of dust. Plants along the roads are contaminated with heavy metals... Thus, the car is one of the main sources of pollution.

Teacher. Let's listen to a report from the asphalt plant.

3 corres. We are located next to the asphalt plant. There is almost no vegetation around it: grass, shrubs have died, there are frail trees. The reason is that the plant emits a huge amount of pollutants. In addition, the enterprise does not have facilities and installations for trapping and neutralizing harmful substances and gases. At the same time, one ton of dust can fall per square kilometer per day.

Teacher. What a gloomy picture the correspondents presented to us. What effect does air pollution have on plants and animals?

4 correspondent I have some data for you. 1/3 of the vegetation is affected by acid rain. At the height of summer, leaves fall, roots die. The fish disappears. Animals leave their usual habitats. Many of them die in search of a new place. Human health suffers.

Teacher. Explain how acid rain is formed?

5 correspondent Tall factory chimneys emit sulfur dioxide into the air, it combines with atmospheric moisture to form droplets of sulfurous acid solution. These poisonous substances impregnate the clouds, which the wind carries for thousands of kilometers. This is how acid rain falls.

What decision the conference made, you will find in the textbook.

V). Book work. Reading the text on your own. Selective reading of the answer to the question.

How can you help protect the air from pollution?

G). Ecological project "Building a plant".

(Children sing).

Chunga-changa, the air is full of dust!
Chunga-changa, this is what we breathe!
Chunga-changa, gases are poisoning us!
Chunga-changa, everything depends on us!

How to build a plant in the right way so that there are as few pollutants in the atmosphere of our city?

e). Song.

Where was it? When it was?
As a child, or maybe in a dream,
The air was clean, not dusty,
As in spring.

People, please be quiet, be quiet!
Let the danger perish in the darkness!
Air, be clean!
Water be transparent!
And we are on Earth!

Fizkultminutka.

Pure water flows
We know how to wash ourselves.
Take the tooth powder
Three teeth brushed hard.
Wash my neck, wash my ears
After we wipe dry.

3. Water and its meaning .

A). A conversation about water.

What color is more on the globe? What does this mean?

Water is depicted in blue on the globe - all the seas and oceans of our planet, rivers and lakes. They take up more space than land. But, despite the large reserves of water on earth, only a small part of it is suitable for drinking, because a person can only drink fresh water. And fresh water is only in rivers and lakes, there is very little of it on earth.

b). Working with the textbook 12.

Where do we use water?

4. Sources of water pollution.

A river flowed among the fields and forests - clean and transparent, with icy water. Animals hurried to the river to drink; children - to swim; fishermen to catch fish. Everyone loved this river ... But one day the river became sad because it became multi-colored: gray, yellow, red, black ... (Words were read under the murmur of a stream).

A small river is crying
Fear overcame the river.
The river became colorful
I got sick in front of my eyes.

The inhabitants of the river have gathered together, but they cannot recognize each other.

Scene.

Yellow fish. Neighbor, why are you so red?

Red fish. A factory was built on the bank of our river and two pipes were laid to the water. One takes clean water to the plant, and the other pours dirty water into it. So I turned red from sewage. Why are you as yellow as a lemon?

Yellow fish. I lived in shallow water: I splashed, played with my girlfriends. But then it rained heavily. A stream from the shore brought a muddy stream. What only was not in it: fertilizers, and pesticides, and waste. Our backwater turned yellow ... And you, girlfriend, why are you so purple?

Purple fish. Would you see the burden that was on me? Cans, logs, even wheels. Can it be sustained? From such an effort, I blushed, and turned blue, and turned green ... So I became purple - I barely got out from under the garbage.

TO red fish. Oh look, who is this?

Purple fish. Among my relatives, I have not seen such.

Black fish. Don't be scared, friends. I am the same fish as you, only turned black from the oil that was spilled in our river. Oil covered the water with a thin film. There was nothing to breathe, nothing to eat, and ducks lie on the shore and die from oil.

Guys, you listened carefully to the fish. Remember why the river became colored.

(Drafting a diagram on a magnetic board.)

Name the sources of pollution of the rivers flowing in our city.

Remember! 1 liter of wastewater destroys 100 liters of clean water. The plant throws out 25 liters of waste in one minute. 5 grams of oil products are covered with a film of 50 square meters of the water surface.

5. Measures to protect water from pollution.

A ). Textbook work p. 13. Independent reading.

Selective reading of the answer to the question.

How can you help protect water and use it sparingly?

What environmental signs can be installed on the banks of the Oskol River? in class?

(Children read the poem)

May the rivers not die on Earth,
Let their misfortune bypass
May it remain pure forever
Cold and delicious water.
May it never overgrow with mud
The shore where I stand...
Big uncles, grown men,
Keep my bright river!

VI. D. h. : chit s. 10-13, draw environmental signs to protect air and water from pollution.

V. Summary of the lesson.

What did you learn in the lesson?

What can you do to keep the air and water clean?

What knowledge gained in the lesson will be useful to you in life?

Why do humans, animals and plants need clean air and water?

I would like to finish our lesson with words from a poem by I. Trofimova:

How long will we have enough water?
If poison is dissolved in it?
How long will those forests last
Where are the axes knocking?
Save fields, forests, meadows
And the clean surface of the rivers - the whole Earth
You can only
Man of sense!

VI. Reflection.

attracted me to...
seemed interesting...
excited...
got me thinking...
got me thinking...

Literature:

1. Brykina N. T., Zhirenko O. E., Barylkina L. P. . Teacher's workshop. -M: "Wako" 2004.
2. Kazakova O. V.,. Sboeva N. A. . Air and water. - M: "Wako" 2003.
3. Nikolaeva E. I. Tests in natural history. -M: "First of September" 2002.
4. Penyaeva E. Yu. Visiting nature. // Primary school No. 6 -2004.

Air is a mixture of natural gases - nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, water and hydrogen. It is the primary source of energy for all organisms and the key to healthy growth and long life. Thanks to the air in organisms, the process of metabolism and development takes place.

Air in the life of plants and animals

Air plays a huge role in plant life. The fundamental components necessary for the growth and life of plants are oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and soil air. Oxygen is necessary for respiration, and carbon dioxide for carbon nutrition.

Oxygen is vital for all living things. Plants cannot germinate without oxygenation. Roots, leaves and stems of plants also need this element.

Carbon dioxide enters the plant through its stomata into the leaf medium, entering the cells. The higher the concentration of carbon dioxide, the better plant life becomes.

Air contributes to the implementation of microbiological processes occurring in the soil. Thanks to these processes, the elements necessary for the nutrition, growth and life of plants are formed in the soil - nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and others.

Air also plays a special role in the formation of mechanical tissues in land plants. It serves as an environment for them, protecting them from exposure to ultraviolet rays.

Air movement is essential for favorable plant growth. Horizontal air movement dries out plants. And the vertical one promotes the spread of fingers, seeds, and also regulates the thermal regime in various territories.

Animals, like plants, need air. Age, gender, size and physical activity are directly related to the amount of air consumed.

Animals are very sensitive to lack of oxygen. Due to the reduced oxygen concentration in animals, consumed proteins, fats and carbohydrates cease to be oxidized. This leads to the accumulation of harmful toxic substances in the body.

Oxygen is necessary to saturate the blood and tissues of a living being. Therefore, with a lack of this element in animals, breathing quickens, blood flow accelerates, oxidative processes in the body decrease, and the animal becomes restless. Prolonged lack of oxygen saturation causes: muscle fatigue, absence of pain factor, lowering of body temperature and death.

Air in human life

Air is a vital factor for a person. It is carried by blood throughout the body, saturating every organ and every cell of the body.

It is in the air that the heat exchange of the human body with the environment takes place. The essence of this exchange is the convection release of heat and the evaporation of moisture from their human lungs.

Air also performs a protective function for the body: it dilutes chemical pollutants to a safe concentration. This helps to reduce the risk of poisoning the body with chemicals.

With the help of breathing, a person saturates the body with energy. Atmospheric air is made up of many elements, but its composition can change. The reason for this is the industrial and technogenic activity of man.

During exhalation, a person returns a quarter less inhaled oxygen and a hundred times more carbon dioxide. A person needs to inhale 13-14 m3 of air daily. The oxygen content in the body of a healthy person practically does not change. But if this element is not enough, then failures occur in the body, the pulse quickens.

Carbon dioxide is also important for the body, but in certain quantities. An increase in gas concentration causes headache or tinnitus.

Oxygen helps to rid the human body of carbon dioxide, which accumulated poisons and toxins. If a person rarely goes out into fresh air, breathes superficially, or the air contains a low concentration of oxygen, the human body suffers poisoning, leading to various diseases.

Atmosphere environmental pollution

There are a huge number of substances polluting the atmosphere in the world. These substances are produced both by man and by nature itself. Sources of air pollution are: thermal power plants and heating plants, vehicles, non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, chemical production and others.

Human activity contributes to the release of ash, soot, dust. Mineral acids and organic solvents also enter the atmosphere.

Natural disasters also release various substances into the atmosphere. Volcanic eruptions, dust storms and forest fires emit: dust, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and carbon.