How to parse a sentence. Analysis of the proposal for the members of the proposal online. The order of parsing a simple sentence

Not all students are easily given a complete syntactic analysis of a sentence. We will show you the correct sequence of actions that will make it easier to cope with such a task.

Step 1: Read the sentence carefully and determine the purpose of the statement.

According to the purpose of the statement, the proposals are divided into:

narrative - "Beauty will save the world"(F. Dostoevsky);
interrogative - "Rus, where are you going?"(N. Gogol);
incentive - “My friend, let us dedicate our souls to the homeland with wonderful impulses!”(A. Pushkin); “A testament to writers: no need to invent intrigues and plots. Use the stories that life itself provides "(F. Dostoevsky).

Declarative sentences contain a message about something and are characterized by a calm narrative intonation. The content and structure of such proposals can be very diverse.

The purpose of interrogative sentences is to get an answer from the interlocutor to the question posed in the sentence. In some cases, when the question is rhetorical in nature (i.e., does not require an answer), the purpose of such a sentence is different - the pathetic expression of some thought, idea, expression of the speaker's attitude to something, etc.

The purpose of uttering an incentive sentence is to motivate the addressee of the message to take some action. An incentive can express a direct order, advice, request, warning, call to action, etc. The differences between some of these options are often expressed not by the structure of the sentence itself, but by the intonation of the speaker.

Step 2: Determine the intonation and emotional tone of the sentence.

At this stage of parsing a sentence, look for the punctuation mark at the end of the sentence. According to this parameter, the proposals are divided into:

exclamatory - “Well, what a neck! What eyes!”(I. Krylov);
non-exclamatory - "Thought flies, but words go step by step"(A. Green).

Step 3: Find the grammatical bases in the sentence.

The number of grammatical stems in a sentence determines what that sentence is:

simple sentence - "Wine turns a person into a beast and a beast, brings him to a frenzy"(F. Dostoevsky);
difficult sentence - “It seems to me that people do not understand how much squalor and misfortune in their lives arises from laziness”(Ch. Aitmatov).

In the future, the syntactic analysis of a complex sentence and the syntactic analysis of a simple sentence follow different paths.

First, let's look at the parsing of a simple sentence with examples.

Stage 4 for a simple sentence: Find the main members and characterize the proposal.

A simple sentence, depending on the presence of a complete set of main members of the proposal or the absence of any of them, can be:

one-piece - "It is not difficult to despise the court of people, it is impossible to despise one's own court"(A. Pushkin), there is no subject; "Autumn. Fairy-tale palace, open to everyone for review. Clearings of forest roads, looking into the lakes»(B. Pasternak), there is no predicate;
two-part - “A very bad sign is the loss of the ability to understand humor, allegories, jokes”(F. Dostoevsky).

Indicate which main member is present in a one-part sentence. Depending on this, one-component sentences are nominal (there is a subject: nominal) and verbal (there is a predicate: definitely personal, indefinitely personal, generalized personal, impersonal).

Stage 5 for a simple sentence: See if there are secondary members in the sentence.

By the presence / absence of additions, definitions and circumstances, a simple sentence can be:

common - “My goal was to visit Old Street”(I. Bunin);
uncommon - "The attack is over. Sadness in disgrace"(S. Yesenin).

Stage 6 for a simple sentence: Decide if the sentence is complete or incomplete.

Whether a sentence is complete or incomplete depends on whether its structure includes all the members of the sentence that are needed for a complete, meaningful statement. In incomplete, any of the main or minor members is missing. And the meaning of the statement is determined by the context or previous sentences.

full offer - "Prishvin's words bloom, sparkle"(K. Paustovsky);
incomplete sentence - "What is your name? - Me Anochka "(K. Fedin).

When parsing a sentence for an incomplete one, indicate which members of the sentence are missing.

Stage 7 for a simple sentence: Determine if the sentence is complicated or not complicated.

A simple sentence can be complicated or not complicated by introductory words and appeals, homogeneous or isolated members of the sentence, direct speech. Examples of simple compound sentences:

"Ostap Bender, as a strategist, was great"(I. Ilf, E. Petrov);
“He, the commissar, had to become on a par with Sarychev, if not by personal charm, not by past military merits, not by military talent, then by everything else: integrity, firmness, knowledge of the matter, and finally, courage in battle”(K. Simonov).

Stage 8 for a simple sentence

First, the subject and predicate are designated, then the secondary ones in the subject and the secondary ones in the predicate.

Stage 9 for a simple sentence

At the same time, indicate the grammatical basis, if the sentence is complicated, indicate the complication.

Look at a sample sentence parsing:

Oral analysis: narrative sentence, non-exclamatory, simple, two-part, grammatical basis: the porter trampled, moved, did not, stopped, widespread, complete, complicated by homogeneous predicates, a separate definition (participle turnover), a separate circumstance (participle turnover).
Written review: narration, unexcited, simple, double-sided, g / o the doorman trampled, moved was, did not, stopped, distributed, complicated. homogeneous skaz., sep. def. (participle turnover), esp. obs-vom (participle turnover). Now let's look at the syntactic analysis of a complex sentence with examples.

Stage 4 for a complex sentence: Determine how the connection exists between the parts of a complex sentence.

Depending on the presence or absence of unions, the connection can be:

allied - "He who strives for self-improvement will never believe that this self-improvement has a limit"(L. Tolstoy);
unionless - “At the moment when the moon, so huge and pure, rose above the crest of that dark mountain, the stars that were in the sky opened their eyes at once”(Ch. Aitmatov).

Stage 5 for a complex sentence: Find out what links the parts of a complex sentence together:

intonation;
coordinating conjunctions;
subordinating unions.

Stage 6 for a complex sentence: Based on the relationship between the parts of the sentence and the means by which this relationship is expressed, classify the sentence.

Classification of complex sentences:

compound sentence (CSP) - “ My father had a strange influence on me, and our relationship was strange"(I. Turgenev);
complex sentence (CSP) - “She did not take her eyes off the road that leads through the grove” (I. Goncharov);
complex non-union sentence (BSP) - “I know: in your heart there is both pride and direct honor” (A. Pushkin);
a sentence with different types of connection - “People are divided into two categories: those who first think, and then speak and, accordingly, do, and those who first act, and then think” (L. Tolstoy).

The connection between the parts of an asyndetic complex sentence can be expressed by different punctuation marks: comma, colon, dash, semicolon.

Stage 7 for a complex sentence: Describe the links between the parts of the sentence.

Define:

what does the adjective refer to;
whereby the subordinate part is attached to the main part;
what question is it answering.

Stage 8 for a complex sentence: If there are several subordinate parts, describe the relationship between them:

consistent - "I heard Gaidar cleaning the kettle with sand and scolding him for the handle falling off" (K. Paustovsky);
parallel - “It is necessary to accurately take into account the environment in which a poetic work develops so that a word alien to this environment does not accidentally fall” (V. Mayakovsky);
homogeneous - “It was difficult to understand whether there was a fire somewhere, or the moon was about to rise” (A. Chekhov)

Stage 9 for a complex sentence: Underline all the members of the sentence and indicate what parts of speech they are expressed.

Stage 10 for a complex sentence: Now parse each part of a complex sentence as a simple one, see the diagram above.

Stage 11 for a complex sentence: Make a proposal outline.

In this case, indicate the means of communication, the type of accessory part. Look at the example of parsing a complex sentence:

Conclusion

The scheme of syntactic parsing of the sentence, proposed by us, will help to correctly characterize the sentence in all significant parameters. Use this step-by-step guide regularly at school and at home to better remember the sequence of reasoning when analyzing sentences.

Examples of syntactic analysis of sentences of simple and complex structure will help to correctly characterize sentences in oral and written form. With our instructions, a difficult task will become clearer and easier, help you learn the material and consolidate it in practice.

Write a comment if this scheme was useful to you. And if it turned out to be useful, do not forget to tell your friends and classmates about it.

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Words and phrases are the components of each sentence in writing and in oral speech. To build it, you should clearly understand what should be the connection between them in order to build a grammatically correct statement. That is why one of the important and complex topics in the school curriculum of the Russian language is the syntactic analysis of the sentence. With such an analysis, a complete analysis of all components of the statement is carried out and the connection between them is established. In addition, the definition of the structure of the sentence allows you to correctly place punctuation marks in it, which is quite important for every literate person. As a rule, this topic begins with the analysis of simple phrases, and after the children are taught to parse the sentence.

Phrase parsing rules

Parsing a specific phrase taken from the context is relatively simple in the Russian language syntax section. In order to produce it, they determine which of the words is the main one, and which is dependent, and determine which part of speech each of them refers to. Next, you need to determine the syntactic relationship between these words. There are three of them in total:

Agreement is a kind of subordinating relationship, in which the gender, number and case for all elements of the phrase determines the main word. For example: a receding train, a flying comet, a shining sun.
Control is also one of the types of subordination, it can be strong (when the case connection of words is necessary) and weak (when the case of the dependent word is not predetermined). For example: watering flowers - watering from a watering can; liberation of the city - liberation by the army.
Adjacency is also a subordinating type of connection, however, it applies only to unchangeable and non-inflected words. Dependence such words express only meaning. For example: riding a horse, unusually sad, very scared.

An example of parsing phrases

The syntactic analysis of the phrase should look something like this: “speaks beautifully”; the main word is “says”, the dependent word is “beautiful”. This connection is determined through the question: speaks (how?) beautifully. The word "says" is used in the present tense in the singular and in the third person. The word "beautiful" is an adverb, and therefore this phrase expresses a syntactic connection - adjacency.

Scheme for parsing a simple sentence

Parsing a sentence is a bit like parsing a phrase. It consists of several stages that will allow you to study the structure and relationship of all its components:

First of all, they determine the purpose of the statement of a single sentence, all of them are divided into three types: narrative, interrogative and exclamatory, or incentive. Each of them has its own sign. So, at the end of a declarative sentence that tells about an event, there is a point; after the question, of course, - a question mark, and at the end of the incentive - an exclamation mark.
Next, you should highlight the grammatical basis of the sentence - the subject and the predicate.
The next step is to describe the structure of the sentence. It can be one-part with one of the main members or two-part with a complete grammatical basis. In the first case, it is additionally necessary to indicate what kind of sentence is in terms of the nature of the grammatical basis: verbal or denominative. And then determine whether there are secondary members in the structure of the statement, and indicate whether it is widespread or not. At this stage, you should also indicate whether the sentence is complicated. Complications are considered homogeneous members, appeals, turns and introductory words.
Further, the syntactic analysis of the sentence involves the analysis of all words according to their belonging to parts of speech, gender, number and case.
The final stage is an explanation of the punctuation marks put in the sentence.

An example of parsing a simple sentence

Theory is theory, but without practice it is impossible to fix a single topic. That is why in the school curriculum a lot of time is devoted to syntactic analysis of phrases and sentences. And for training, you can take the simplest sentences. For example: "The girl was lying on the beach and listening to the surf."

The sentence is declarative and non-exclamatory.
The main members of the sentence: girl - subject, lay, listened - predicates.
This proposal is two-part, complete and widespread. Homogeneous predicates act as complications.
Analysis of all the words of the sentence:

"girl" - acts as a subject and is a feminine noun in the singular and nominative;
“lay” - in the sentence it is a predicate, refers to verbs, has a feminine, singular and past tense;
“on” is a preposition, serves to connect words;
"beach" - answers the question "where?" and is a circumstance, in the sentence it is expressed by a masculine noun in the prepositional case and singular;
"and" - union, serves to connect words;
“Listened” - the second predicate, a feminine verb in the past tense and singular;
"surf" - in the sentence is an addition, refers to a noun, has a masculine gender, singular and is used in the accusative case.

Designation of parts of a sentence in writing

When parsing phrases and sentences, conditional underscores are used, which indicate the belonging of words to one or another member of the sentence. So, for example, the subject is underlined with one line, the predicate with two, the definition is indicated with a wavy line, the addition with a dotted line, the circumstance with a dotted line with a dot. In order to correctly determine which member of the sentence is in front of us, we should put a question to it from one of the parts of the grammatical basis. For example, the questions of the name of the adjective are answered by the definition, the addition is determined by the questions of indirect cases, the circumstance indicates the place, time and reason and answers the questions: "where?" "where?" and why?"

Syntactic analysis of a complex sentence

The order of parsing a complex sentence is slightly different from the above examples, and therefore should not cause any particular difficulties. However, everything must be in order, and therefore the teacher complicates the task only after the children have learned to parse simple sentences. For analysis, a complex statement is proposed, which has several grammatical foundations. And here you should follow this scheme:

First, the purpose of the statement and the emotional coloring are determined.
Next, highlight the grammatical foundations in the sentence.
The next step is to define the relationship, which can be done with or without a union.
Next, you should indicate by what connection the two grammatical bases in the sentence are connected. It can be intonation, as well as coordinating or subordinating conjunctions. And immediately conclude what the sentence is: compound, compound or non-union.
The next stage of parsing is the syntactic analysis of the sentence by its parts. Produce it according to the scheme for a simple proposal.
At the end of the analysis, it is necessary to build a diagram of the proposal, on which the connection of all its parts will be visible.

Connection of parts of a complex sentence

As a rule, unions and allied words are used to connect parts in complex sentences, before which a comma is required. Such proposals are called allied. They are divided into two types:

Compound sentences connected by conjunctions a, and, or, then, but. As a rule, both parts in such a statement are equal. For example: "The sun was shining, and the clouds were floating."
Compound sentences that use such unions and allied words: so that, how, if, where, where, since, although and others. In such sentences, one part always depends on the other. For example: "The sun's rays will fill the room as soon as the cloud passes."

Phrase parsing rules

Agreement is a kind of subordinating relationship, in which the gender, number and case for all elements of the phrase determines the main word. For example: a receding train, a flying comet, a shining sun.
Control is also one of the types of subordination, it can be strong (when the case connection of words is necessary) and weak (when the case of the dependent word is not predetermined). For example: watering flowers - watering from a watering can; liberation of the city - liberation by the army.
Adjacency is also a subordinating type of connection, however, it applies only to unchangeable and non-inflected words. Dependence such words express only meaning. For example: riding a horse, unusually sad, very scared.

An example of parsing phrases

Scheme for parsing a simple sentence

Parsing a sentence is a bit like parsing a phrase. It consists of several stages that will allow you to study the structure and relationship of all its components:

First of all, they determine the purpose of the statement of a single sentence, all of them are divided into three types: narrative, interrogative and exclamatory, or incentive. Each of them has its own sign. So, at the end of a declarative sentence that tells about an event, there is a point; after the question, of course, - a question mark, and at the end of the incentive - an exclamation mark.
Next, you should highlight the grammatical basis of the sentence - the subject and the predicate.
The next step is to describe the structure of the sentence. It can be one-part with one of the main members or two-part with a complete grammatical basis. In the first case, it is additionally necessary to indicate what kind of sentence is in terms of the nature of the grammatical basis: verbal or denominative. And then determine whether there are secondary members in the structure of the statement, and indicate whether it is widespread or not. At this stage, you should also indicate whether the sentence is complicated. Complications are considered homogeneous members, appeals, turns and introductory words.
Further, the syntactic analysis of the sentence involves the analysis of all words according to their belonging to parts of speech, gender, number and case.
The final stage is an explanation of the punctuation marks put in the sentence.

An example of parsing a simple sentence

The sentence is declarative and non-exclamatory.
The main members of the sentence: girl - subject, lay, listened - predicates.
This proposal is two-part, complete and widespread. Homogeneous predicates act as complications.
Analysis of all the words of the sentence:

"girl" - acts as a subject and is a feminine noun in the singular and nominative;
“lay” - in the sentence it is a predicate, refers to verbs, has a feminine, singular and past tense;
“on” is a preposition, serves to connect words;
"beach" - answers the question "where?" and is a circumstance, in the sentence it is expressed by a masculine noun in the prepositional case and singular;
"and" - union, serves to connect words;
“Listened” - the second predicate, a feminine verb in the past tense and singular;
"surf" - in the sentence is an addition, refers to a noun, has a masculine gender, singular and is used in the accusative case.

Designation of parts of a sentence in writing

Syntactic analysis of a complex sentence

First, the purpose of the statement and the emotional coloring are determined.
Next, highlight the grammatical foundations in the sentence.
The next step is to define the relationship, which can be done with or without a union.
Next, you should indicate by what connection the two grammatical bases in the sentence are connected. It can be intonation, as well as coordinating or subordinating conjunctions. And immediately conclude what the sentence is: compound, compound or non-union.
The next stage of parsing is the syntactic analysis of the sentence by its parts. Produce it according to the scheme for a simple proposal.
At the end of the analysis, it is necessary to build a diagram of the proposal, on which the connection of all its parts will be visible.

Connection of parts of a complex sentence

As a rule, unions and allied words are used to connect parts in complex sentences, before which a comma is required. Such proposals are called allied. They are divided into two types:

Compound sentences connected by conjunctions a, and, or, then, but. As a rule, both parts in such a statement are equal. For example: "The sun was shining, and the clouds were floating."
Compound sentences that use such unions and allied words: so that, how, if, where, where, since, although and others. In such sentences, one part always depends on the other. For example: "The sun's rays will fill the room as soon as the cloud passes."

Describe the sentence according to the purpose of the statement: narrative, interrogative or incentive.
By emotional coloring: exclamatory or non-exclamatory.
By the presence of grammatical foundations: simple or complex.
Then, depending on whether the sentence is simple or complex:

If simple:

5. Describe the sentence by the presence of the main members of the sentence: two-part or one-part, indicate which main member of the sentence, if it is one-part (subject or predicate).

6. Characterize by the presence of secondary members of the proposal: common or non-common.

7. Indicate whether the sentence is complicated by anything (homogeneous members, appeal, introductory words) or not complicated.

8. Underline all members of the sentence, indicate parts of speech.

9. Draw up a sentence outline, indicating the grammatical basis and complication, if any.

If complex:

5. Indicate which connection is in the proposal: allied or non-union.

6. Indicate what is the means of communication in the sentence: intonation, coordinating unions or subordinating unions.

7. Conclude what kind of sentence this is: unionless (BSP), compound (CSP), complex (CSP).

8. Parse each part of a complex sentence as a simple one, starting from point No. 5 of the adjacent column.

9. Underline all members of the sentence, indicate parts of speech.

10. Draw up a sentence outline, indicating the grammatical basis and complication, if any.

An example of parsing a simple sentence

Oral analysis:

The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, simple, two-part, grammatical basis: pupils and pupils study, common, complicated by homogeneous subjects.

Writing:

Narrative, non-exclamatory, simple, two-part, grammatical stem pupils and pupils study, common, complicated by homogeneous subjects.

An example of parsing a complex sentence

Oral analysis:

The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, allied connection, means of communication subordinating union because, a complex sentence. The first simple sentence: one-part, with the main member - the predicate did not ask common, not complicated. Second simple sentence: two-part, grammatical basis we went with the class, common, uncomplicated.

Writing:

Narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, allied connection, subordinating union means of communication because, SPP.

1st PP: one-part, with the main member - the predicate did not ask common, not complicated.

2nd PP: two-part, grammatical basis - we went with the class, spread, not complicated.

Schematic example (sentence followed by schema)

Another option for parsing

Syntax parsing. Order in parsing.

In phrases:

Select the correct phrase from the sentence.
We consider the structure - we highlight the main word and the dependent. We indicate what part of speech is the main and dependent word. Next, we indicate in what syntactic way this phrase is connected.
And finally, we denote what its grammatical meaning is.

In a simple sentence:

We determine what the sentence is for the purpose of the statement - narrative, incentive or interrogative.
We find the basis of the sentence, we establish that the sentence is simple.
Next, you need to talk about how this proposal is built.
- It is two-part or one-part. If it is one-part, then determine the type: personal, impersonal, nominative or indefinitely personal.
- Common or non-common
- incomplete or complete. If the sentence is incomplete, then it is necessary to indicate which member of the sentence is missing in it.
If this proposal is complicated in any way, whether it be homogeneous members or isolated members of the proposal, this must be noted.
Next, you need to analyze the sentence by members, while indicating what parts of speech they are. It is important to follow the order of parsing. First, the predicate and the subject are determined, then the secondary ones, which are part of the first - the subject, then - the predicate.
We explain why one way or another punctuation marks are placed in the sentence.

Predicate

We note what the predicate is - a simple verb or compound (nominal or verbal).
Specify how the predicate is expressed:
- simple - what form of the verb;
- compound verb - what it consists of;
- compound nominal - what connection is used, how the nominal part is expressed.

In a sentence that has homogeneous members.

If we have a simple sentence, then when parsing it, it should be noted what kind of homogeneous members of the sentence are and how they are related to each other. Either through intonation, or intonation with conjunctions.

In sentences with separate members:

If we have a simple sentence, then when parsing it, it should be noted what the turnover will be. Next, we analyze the words that are included in this turnover by the members of the sentence.

In sentences with isolated members of speech:

First, we note that in this sentence, there is a direct speech. We indicate the direct speech and the text of the author. We analyze, explain why punctuation marks are placed in the sentence in this way and not otherwise. We draw the scheme of the offer.

In a compound sentence:

First, we indicate which sentence for the purpose of the statement is interrogative, declarative or incentive. We find simple sentences in the sentence, we single out the grammatical basis in them.

We find unions with the help of which simple sentences are connected in a complex one. We note what kind of unions they are - adversative, connecting or dividing. We determine the meaning of this entire compound sentence - opposition, alternation or enumeration. We explain why punctuation marks are placed in the sentence in this way. Then each simple sentence that makes up the complex one must be parsed in the same way as a simple sentence is parsed.

In a complex sentence with a subordinate clause (one)

First, we indicate what the sentence is in terms of the purpose of the statement. We single out the grammatical basis of all simple sentences that make up a complex one. Let's read them.

We name which sentence is the main one, and which is subordinate. We explain what kind of complex sentence it is, pay attention to how it is built, how the subordinate clause to the main clause is connected and what it refers to.

We explain why the punctuation marks in this sentence are arranged in this way. Then, the subordinate and main clauses must be parsed, in the same way as simple sentences are parsed.

In a complex sentence with subordinate clauses (several)

We call what the sentence is according to the purpose of the statement. We single out the grammatical basis of all the simple sentences that make up the complex one, and read them out. We indicate which sentence is the main one, and which is subordinate. It is necessary to indicate what the subordination in the sentence is - either it is a parallel subordination, or sequential, or homogeneous. If there is a combination of several types of subordination, this should be noted. We explain why, in this way, punctuation marks are placed in the sentence. And, at the end, we analyze the subordinate and main clauses as simple sentences.

In a complex non-union sentence:

We call what the sentence is according to the purpose of the statement. We find the grammatical basis of all simple sentences that make up this complex sentence. We read them out, call the number of simple sentences that make up the complex one. We determine what the meaning is the relationship between simple sentences. It can be - sequence, cause with effect, opposition, simultaneity, explanation or addition.

We note what are the features of the structure of this sentence, what kind of complex sentence it is. How are simple words connected in this sentence and what do they refer to.

We explain why punctuation marks are placed in the sentence in this way.

In a complex sentence in which there are different types of communication.

We call what, according to the purpose of the statement, this sentence is. We find and highlight the grammatical basis of all simple sentences that make up a complex one, read them out. We establish that this proposal will be a proposal in which there are different types of communication. Why? We determine what connections are present in this sentence - allied coordinating, subordinating, or any other.

According to the meaning, we establish how simple ones are formed in a complex sentence. We explain why punctuation marks are placed in the sentence in this way. We analyze all simple sentences that make up a complex one in the same way as a simple sentence is parsed.

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§one. What is parsing, what are its specifics

Parsing is a complete grammatical characteristic of a syntactic unit:

phrases
simple sentence
complex sentence

In syntactic analysis, it is important to be able to distinguish between units of syntax, to realize that these are units of different levels, and to understand what features each of them is characterized by. Parsing requires not confusing a phrase and a simple sentence, as well as a simple and complex sentences, and knowing how to parse each of them.

§2. What you need to know and be able to do

Syntactic parsing requires knowledge and skills.

Need to know:

what is the difference between a phrase and a sentence
what is the difference between simple and complex sentences
how the phrase is built, and what they are (view by the main word)
syntactic links of words in a phrase: agreement, control, adjunction
what features characterize the sentence: the purpose of the statement, semantic and intonational completeness, the presence of a grammatical basis
what are the sentences according to the number of grammatical bases: simple, complex
what are simple sentences in terms of their structure: two-part, one-part (nominative, definitely personal, indefinitely personal, generalized personal, impersonal)
what are complex sentences: by the nature of the syntactic connection of their parts: allied, non-union; allied: compound and complex subordinate)
what is the syntactic role of words in a sentence (analysis by sentence members)

Need to be able to:

determine to which syntactic units the given parsing unit belongs
highlight phrases in a sentence
find the main and dependent word in the phrase
determine the type of syntactic relationship
determine the grammatical basis of a sentence
determine the type of sentence by grammatical basis (two-part - one-part) and by the nature of the main member (for one-part sentences)
define sentence members
identify complicating components: homogeneous members, separations, introductory elements (introductory words and sentences, plug-in constructions), appeals, direct speech and citation
determine the number of parts in a complex sentence
determine the type of syntactic connection and the type of a complex sentence

§3. The order of parsing syntactic units

phrase

1. Determine the main and dependent words, highlight the main thing, put a question to the dependent from it.
2. Determine the type of phrase by the main word: nominal, verbal, adverbial.
3. Determine the type of syntactic connection: agreement, control, adjacency.

Simple sentence

1. Analyze by the members of the sentence: underline all the members of the sentence, determine what (what part of speech) they are expressed by.
2. Give a description of the purpose of the statement:

narrative
interrogative
incentive

3. Give a description of the expressed emotions and intonation:

non-exclamatory
exclamatory

4. Determine the number of grammatical bases and determine the type of sentence by their number:

simple
complicated

5. Give a description of the presence of the main members:

two-part
one-component

a) one-part with the main member of the subject: denominative
b) one-part with the main member of the predicate: definite-personal, indefinitely-personal, generalized-personal, impersonal

6. Give a description of the presence of secondary members:

widespread
uncommon

7. Give a description in terms of completeness (the presence of members of the proposal that are necessary in meaning):

complete
incomplete

8. Determine the presence of complicating components:

uncomplicated
complicated:

a) homogeneous members of the proposal
b) separate members: definition (agreed - inconsistent), addition, circumstance
c) introductory words, introductory sentences and plug-in constructions
d) appeal
e) constructions with direct speech or quotation

Note:

When expressing separations with participial and adverbial phrases, as well as comparative constructions, characterize what exactly the separation is expressed

Difficult sentence

1. As in a simple sentence, define the members of the sentence.
2. As in a simple sentence, give a description of the purpose of the statement:

narrative
interrogative
incentive

3. As in a simple sentence, describe the expressed emotions and intonation:

non-exclamatory
exclamatory

4. By the number of grammatical bases (more than one), determine that the sentence is complex.
5. Determine the type of syntactic connection between parts of a complex sentence:

with allied connection
with unionless connection
with a combination of allied and allied connection

6. Determine the type of complex sentence and means of communication:

compound (: connecting, dividing, adversative, connecting, explanatory or gradational)
complex (: temporary, causal, conditional, target, consequences, concessive, comparative and explanatory, as well as allied words)
non-union (connection in meaning, expressed intonationally)

7. Determine the type of complex sentence (for example: complex with an explanatory clause).
8. Next, each part of the complex sentence is characterized (according to the scheme of a simple sentence - see the scheme for parsing a simple sentence, paragraphs 5-8)
9. Make a diagram of a complex sentence, reflecting