Renowned test pilot. Test pilot Yuri Vashchuk: Pilot is not a romantic professionInterview. Decree on the establishment of the title
You can become only by getting an education in one of the aviation institutes and schools. They are civilian and military. The most famous aviation institute for civilians is MAI. To enter there, you must provide the following set of documents:
- a certificate of completion of eleven classes of secondary school or a diploma of graduation from a flight school;
– certificate of passing the Unified State Examination;
- medical certificate (form N 086 / y);
- certificate of a citizen subject to conscription (registration certificate) or a military ID (only for men 18-27 years old);
– general passport (copy and original);
- photographs - 3x4 or 4x6, black and white, 6 pcs.
It is also necessary to have a good knowledge in the field of physics and mathematics, since additional exams in these subjects are held upon admission.
Prepare pilots and military institutes and schools. They are located in Irkutsk, Ulyanovsk, Yeysk, Krasnodar and other Russian cities. For admission to each of these educational institutions, you need your own set of documents, the list of which can be clarified by phone. Phone numbers of universities and colleges can be found on reference sites.
After graduating from the desired university or aviation school, you must become an active pilot and fly a certain number of hours in order to be able to get a second education in the specialty "test pilot".
Test pilots - where they are trained
Test pilots are required in both military and civilian. They are prepared at test pilot schools. There are only two of them in Russia - in Zhukovsky near Moscow and the city of Akhtubinsk. To enter there, you must have an education in the specialty of a pilot-engineer, and preference is given to candidates who graduated with honors. Also, only pilots who have flown a certain number of hours are allowed to take the exams. In this case, the age of the applicant must not be older than thirty-one years. Each student entering the school is interviewed. In addition, future test pilots undergo special psychological tests, the purpose of which is to determine their readiness for this difficult and dangerous work.
Training at the test pilot school is carried out for a year and a half. During this time, future specialists fly twelve types of aircraft, and also study various simulators. By the end of the training, students are able to determine the flight performance of aviation equipment, and can also perform flights of any kind.
Test pilots are the heroes of our time, the most courageous representatives of their nation, possessing leadership qualities, intelligence, responsibility, self-discipline and good health. Each flight may be the last, and yet they must experience the pleasure of flying, this is the main condition for admission to the ranks of these brave guys. They sit at the helm of their car so that the designers can refine or improve
Legendary test pilots
The former USSR is simply overflowing with heroes. Some remained unknown in the history of the country, but not test pilots. The names of these brave guys were immediately recognized by the political elite of the country. Almost all of them received the title of Hero of the USSR.
One of these people, whose name entered the history of the domestic aircraft industry, is Valery Chkalov. Valery Pavlovich started as a welder at an aviation plant in Nizhny Novgorod. And already in 1931 he tested brand new I-15 and I-16 fighter aircraft.
For his tricks in the air, he even received a term and was sentenced to a year in prison, which was later replaced with a suspended sentence. After all, Valery's "recklessness" was recognized as new aerobatics. In 1935, Chkalov was awarded the Order of Lenin. Chkalov's crew was the first to fly from the capital to the Far East. And two years later he flew over the North Pole and landed in Vancouver. After such merits, Stalin offered Chkalov the post of People's Commissar of the NKVD, but Valery Pavlovich refused and continued to fly. Test pilots who die in flight are doubly heroes. In December 1938 he made his last flight. He died while testing the new I-180 fighter.
military pilots
Test pilots during the Second World War played an important role in military aviation. Despite the harsh conditions of the war, the Soviet Union was building up its military power. Design aviation enterprises produced new improved machines that required testing. One of these heroes of the military sky was Sergei Nikolaevich Anokhin. In 1931 he graduated from the Higher Glider School. And already in 1933 he set a record in his country. On one glider I stayed in the sky for almost 16 hours. Before the war, he tested experimental gliders.
During the war, he conducted tests of aircraft and gliders. He was the first to test an interceptor fighter with liquid fuel. In May 1945, during the tests of the Yak-3 fighter, the aircraft broke down, the pilot was seriously injured and lost an eye, but did not stop flying. Conducted test flights on such aircraft as Yak, Mig, Su. In 1959, among the top ten, he received the title of Honored Test Pilot. He made his last flight at the age of 73.
Test Pilot Awards
Until 1958, test pilots were not awarded all kinds of orders for services to the Motherland, many retired without a single medal. Many received the title of "Hero of the USSR" only in 1957. And in 1958, by decree of the Presidium of the Armed Forces, the honorary titles "Honored Test Navigator of the USSR" and "Honored Test Pilot of the USSR" were established. Only pilots of the 1st class could receive such a title and the corresponding order.
In total, 419 test pilots were awarded this title during the Soviet period.
post-war period
The development of the aircraft industry in the USSR became a top priority in the post-war period. The Cold War between the USSR and the USA led to an arms race. There was also ahead
Another outstanding test pilot is Yuri Petrovich Sheffer. Since 1977 he was the leading tester of the Tupolev plant. Was in the detachment of the VKS Buran. Participated in the testing of Su-25 and MiG-25 fighters.
Volk Igor Petrovich - Hero of the USSR, Honored Test Pilot, Test Cosmonaut. He has been testing domestic aircraft of all types since 1965. He performed a special skill by performing the "cobra" and "corkscrew".
Viktor Vasilyevich Zabolotsky - Soviet test pilot, in flight test work since 1975. During his work, he mastered more than 200 types of aircraft.
Modern period
After the collapse of the Union and the loss in the Cold War, Russia, as the successor to the USSR, did not curtail its aviation programs. And today ultra-high-speed aircraft, fighters, the latest helicopters are being designed, capable of conquering the sky.
Bogdan Sergey Leonidovich - Hero of the Russian Federation and Honored Pilot of the Russian Federation. Conducted testing of Su and MiG fighters. Since 2000, he has been a test pilot at the P. O. Sukhoi Design Bureau.
Magomed Tolboev - since 1981, a test pilot, received the title of Hero of the Russian Federation and Honored Test Pilot of the Russian Federation. Tested Su and MiG fighters. For the first time he took to the air several types of ultralight aircraft.
This list can be continued for a long time, because many people of our country are capable of a feat, but for the chosen ones, fate. In the modern period, the development and testing of the latest supersonic aircraft, bombers, airliners are being carried out, only thanks to these brave people, many models will see the world.
Bogdan Sergey Leonidovich
Hero of the Russian Federation (2011), Honored Test Pilot of the Russian Federation.
Born in the city of Volsk, Saratov Region. In the same year, the family moved to Voskresensk. After graduating from high school, Sergei entered the Borisoglebsk VVAUL, which he graduated with honors in 1983. Until 1987, he served in the Leningrad Military District on Su-17 aircraft, then, until 1990, in Mongolia. With the withdrawal of troops from this country, the regiment was transferred to the Navy and relocated to the village of Gvardeyskoye near Simferopol (p / o-in Crimea).
Vashchuk Yury Mikhailovich
Hero of the Russian Federation (2003), Honored Test Pilot (2010), Master of Sports of International Class in aerobatics.
Born on June 12, 1963 in Barnaul, Altai Territory. Childhood and school years were spent in the city of Nizhnevartovsk, Tyumen region, where in 1977 he graduated from the club of young pilots. In 1982 he graduated from the Kinel-Cherkassk Aviation Center of DOSAAF with the rank of junior lieutenant.
Votintsev Igor Viktorovich
Deputy Head of the Flight Service of the Sukhoi Design Bureau, Honored Test Pilot, Hero of the Russian Federation
Hero of the Russian Federation (1998). Honored Test Pilot (1996). Master of Sports of the Russian Federation of international class in aircraft sports, head of the flight service of JSC Sukhoi Design Bureau (1997). He graduated from the Kharkov Higher Military Aviation Pilot School (1974).
Frolov Evgeny Ivanovich
Honored Test Pilot, Hero of the Russian Federation
Hero of the Russian Federation (1994). Honored Test Pilot of the Russian Federation (1999). Master of Sports of the USSR of international class in aircraft sports. In 1968 he entered the Belarusian Polytechnic Institute and at the same time flew in the Minsk Aeroclub DOSAAF. After graduating from the institute in 1973-1982. pilot-instructor of the Minsk flying club, member of the USSR national aerobatics team. Repeated winner and winner of the championships of the USSR, Europe and the World.
Artsebarsky Taras Anatolievich
test pilot 1st class
Born December 3, 1978 in the village. Pokrovskoe, Dnepropetrovsk region. In 1995 he graduated from high school. Komarov Star City of the Moscow Region and entered the Kachinskoye VVAUL (Volgograd). In connection with the dissolution of the school, he was transferred to Armavir VAI, whose diploma he received in 2000. From 2000 to 2005 he served in the 611th IAP of the Russian Air Force (Bezhetsk, Tver region). In October 2005, he retired from the ranks of the Armed Forces from the post of deputy commander of an aviation squadron (Su-27). Military pilot 2nd class, captain.
Kondratiev Roman Valerievich
Honored Test Pilot
Born in the city of Yeysk, Krasnodar Territory.
In 1987, after graduating from the Sverdlovsk SVU, he entered the Yeysk VVAUL named after V.I. V. Komarova.
Graduate of EVVAUL on the IBA profile in 1991.
Kostin Sergei Vladimirovich
Honored Test Pilot of the Russian Federation
Honored Test Pilot of the Russian Federation, Master of Sports of the Russian Federation in aerobatics.
Born March 8, 1971. In 1991 he graduated from the Zaporizhia Aviation School for Pilot-Instructors of the USSR DOSAAF.
Chernyshev Sergey Alexandrovich
test pilot 1st class
Test pilot 1st class
Born on February 6, 1975 in Kamyshin, Volgograd region. He studied at secondary schools in the cities of Akhtubinsk and Rostov-on-Don.
Shendrik Andrey Vladimirovich
test pilot 1st class
Born on 05/14/81 in Lvov, in the family of a military navigator, from 1984 to 1997 lived in the city of Akhtubinsk, in 1996 the family moved to Moscow, after graduating from high school in 1998 he entered the Kachinsky VVAUL, which later was reorganized into the Krasnodar VAI.
Shendrik Vladimir Georgievich
Honored Test Navigator, Hero of the Russian Federation
Hero of the Russian Federation, Honored Navigator - Tester of the Russian Federation.
Born on January 1, 1954 in the city of Miass, Chelyabinsk region. There he graduated from 10 classes of secondary school No. 17. In 1971 he entered the Chelyabinsk Higher Military Aviation School of the Red Banner Navigators and in 1975, after graduating from college, he was sent to the Carpathian Military District.
Malovechko Pavel Nikolaevich
honored test navigator
Born in the city of Mozdok, North Ossetian SSR. After graduating from secondary school No. 123 in the city of Chelyabinsk, he entered the Chelyabinsk VVAUSh, from which he graduated with honors in 1981.
Potashov Valery Serpionovich
Deputy Head of the Flight Test Station for Flight Service, 1st Class Test Pilot, Honored Test Pilot
Born in the village of Urozhainoy, Zavodoukovsky District, Tyumen Region. In 1966 he graduated from high school. He studied at the Tyumen Aviation Sports Club, jumped with a parachute, flew gliders. 1967-1971 - Barnaul Higher Military Aviation School for Pilots.
Shevchuk Sergey Alexandrovich
senior test pilot, test pilot 1st class, honored test pilot
Born in Tatarsk, Novosibirsk Region. Since 1973 he lived in Novosibirsk. In 1982, after graduating from high school, he entered the Barnaul VVAUL. After graduating from college in 1986, he was sent to the combat unit of the fighter-bomber aviation in the Far Eastern Military District. He flew on Su-17UM3, Su-17M4, Su-24M aircraft.
Chuklanov Dmitry Igorevich
test pilot 1st class
Born in the village of Baranchinsky, Sverdlovsk Region. In 1989 he graduated from high school and entered the Kharkov Higher Military Aviation School for Pilots. S.I. Gritsevets, from which he graduated in 1989.
Zolotarev Vladimir Arkadievich
assistant head of the flight test station for navigational service, test navigator 1st class, honored test navigator
Born in the village of Ponino, Glazovsky District, Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1974, after graduating from high school, he became a cadet at the Chelyabinsk Higher Military Aviation School for Navigators. 1978-1983 - senior navigator of the aviation unit of the 164th separate guards reconnaissance aviation regiment of the air army of the Supreme High Command in Poland, Brzeg.
Zharinov Vyacheslav Alekseevich
senior test navigator 1st class
Born in the district village of Chany, Novosibirsk Region. Since 1985 he lived in the city of Novosibirsk. After graduating from high school, he entered the Novosibirsk Institute of Water Transport Engineers, from 1990 to 1995 he was a cadet of the Chelyabinsk Higher Military Aviation School of Navigators.
Kolesnikov Nikolai Alexandrovich
test navigator 2nd class
Born in the city of Kirov, Kaluga Region. In 1985 he finished his studies at a secondary school in the city of Stryi, Lviv region (the family changed their place of residence). In the same year he entered the Chelyabinsk Higher Military Red Banner School of Navigators named after the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol. In 1989 he was sent for further service to the city of Poltava, to the Long-Range Aviation Regiment on the Tu-22M3 aircraft. In 1992, after the secession of Ukraine, he transferred to the Shaykovka garrison in the Kaluga region, where he continued to serve in the following positions: navigator-operator, ship navigator, squad navigator, and flew the Tu-22M3 aircraft.
test pilots
The new plane was brought to the airfield.
It stands on a green field, shining in the sun with a varnish of fresh color, the brilliance of metal parts. He's going to be tested. This is the most crucial moment of the birth of a new car. In the airspace at different altitudes and different speeds, it will be checked how the designer's ideas came true.
This will be done by the test pilot. He will be the first to lift a new car into the air.
Perhaps there is no more noble, lofty and heroic profession among aviators than the profession of a test pilot.
Despite the fact that modern aviation science - aerodynamics, the science of aircraft strength, vibration - is a powerful weapon in the hands of a designer, nevertheless, the first flights of a new machine are fraught with many unexpected things. And the task of the test pilot is to identify everything that is not amenable to the calculations of the designer and scientific experiments in the design.
It is not so much the first flight that is dangerous, but the subsequent tests: checking the maximum speed, height, checking the machine for strength, vibration, spin, etc.
The art of a test pilot in this case can be compared with the art of a rider, for the first time driving around a young, restive horse. Only the case of a pilot is much more complex and dangerous than that of a rider. Just as a horse does not want to submit to the rider’s will and seeks to throw it off, so the new aircraft stubbornly resists mastering it and seems to be trying to use every mistake of the designer and pilot ...
Therefore, the test pilot listens very carefully to the behavior of the machine, does not relax his vigilance for a minute until the machine has been studied in detail. It is not for nothing that test pilots say that with a new aircraft it is impossible to switch to “you” ahead of time.
Test pilots are inconspicuous, modest heroes who pave the way for new aviation technology.
I have met with many outstanding representatives of this profession - Chkalov, Piontkovsky, Suprun, Stefanovsky, Anokhin, Serov, I am also well acquainted with Gromov.
Each of them has its own distinct personality. But one thing is common to all of them - a deep, special love for aviation. Consciousness of duty to the Motherland, a sense of responsibility for the entrusted car, constant danger in flight left an imprint on them of some kind of extraordinary courageous modesty characteristic of real heroes. These are honest, noble people, people of duty. And personal communication with them fully convinces of this.
I first met Chkalov at an aircraft factory, where I came to work after graduating from the academy. At that time, he did not yet have the fame that came to him later. Getting to know him, I only knew that he was a soul-man, an excellent and recklessly brave pilot. All sorts of legends were already circulating about the courage of Valery Pavlovich.
At the plant, Chkalov showed the qualities necessary for the complex and responsible task of testing new aircraft. He was always burning with the desire to comprehend more fully, deeper and faster, as he said, the soul of a new machine. But Chkalov sometimes unnecessarily risked himself.
Meetings with Comrade Stalin played an exceptional role in his life.
On May 2, 1935, Iosif Vissarionovich arrived at the Frunze airfield. Among other pilots, Comrade Stalin was introduced to Valery Pavlovich. After asking him a few questions, Comrade Stalin asked why Chkalov, in case of danger, does not leave the car, using a parachute, but tries to save the plane.
The pilot replied that he was flying on experienced and very valuable machines, which it would be a pity to destroy. In critical situations, he tries to save the car and himself.
Comrade Stalin objected to this:
Your life is more valuable to us than any car.
These words had a strong effect on Chkalov. They made him fly more disciplined, more calm in the air.
Stalin's instructions were also exceptionally important that "courage and courage are the inalienable qualities of a hero," but that "courage and courage are only one side of heroism. The other side - no less important - is skill. Courage, they say, takes cities. But this is only when courage, courage, willingness to take risks are combined with excellent knowledge.
These instructions of the great leader were a guiding star not only for Chkalov, but for all Soviet pilots, especially for test pilots. They helped them to understand in a new way the meaning and significance of their responsible, heroic work.
Joseph Vissarionovich's paternal care for Chkalov helped him become a great pilot of our time.
Chkalov - stocky, squat, "oblique fathom in the shoulders", reminiscent of a bear, angular, straight in conversation, with a thick juicy voice, with a Volga accent on "o". It was always fun and interesting with him. He could endlessly, with enthusiasm, tell all kinds of cases from his easy life, and he had many such cases.
In contrast to the merry fellow and joker, lively and quick Chkalov, Piontkovsky was slow and laconic, although he also liked a good joke.
Piontkovsky told a lot and interestingly about our aviation during the civil war, about the old, half-broken trophy "coffins", on which they had to fly at first.
Once, for example, Piontkovsky flew out on a combat mission with an observer in an old Sopwith two-seat airplane. After some time, the commander of the detachment receives a telegram from him: "They flew in, sat down firmly, send the platform."
This telegram was deciphered as follows: the engine failed, the pilot was forced to land in a swamp, the car crashed ...
Woe, not flights, - said Piontkovsky, - but did not lose heart ...
That's what surprised me at first in both pilots. We used to sit, have lunch, joke, joke from the heart, laugh, and more than all the Chkals. In an hour and a half, the testers will have a risky flight on a new aircraft. But no dark thoughts, no worries. Over time, I realized that this is how it should be. If the pilot loses his peace of mind, ceases to be confident in himself, in his abilities, he cannot curb the recalcitrant machine, he must finish the flight test work.
Although the designer usually does not know how to fly the aircraft, he needs to know the most subtle features of the behavior of the aircraft in the air. Therefore, mutual understanding between the designer and the test pilot is very important, they need to have a common language and agree without a word.
I look to the test pilot as my best assistant in the design of machines. Even a minute delay when returning from the next test flight is painful. You begin to worry, to build all sorts of assumptions - did something happen to the pilot and the car. And how a mountain falls off your shoulders when you see a rapidly increasing point in the sky - an airplane with a close and dear person returns to the airfield!
This feeling of anxiety is familiar to every designer. I have no doubt that, just as I did for Piontkovsky, Tupolev worried more than once for Gromov when he was the first to take his cars into the air and especially when he carried out the most important tests in preparation for the flight over the North Pole.
I am connected with Piontkovsky not only by long-term joint work on the creation of new aircraft, but also by another important event in my life. We joined the party at the same time, and we were received at the same party meeting.
The meeting took place in a large hangar adapted for a club. The hangar was full. And, despite the fact that everyone was familiar, familiar people - workers, mechanics, everyone with whom I met every day in the workshops of the plant, at the airport, in the design bureau - the feeling of excitement did not leave me for a minute.
One by one, the workers and engineers who had submitted applications came out onto the stage, towards the presidium.
Suddenly there was a great noise in the hall, all heads turned towards the exit. There was applause. Turning around, I saw the characteristic tall, stooping figure of a man in a light light coat, with an embroidered skullcap on his head. He was taken to the front row. There was an empty seat next to me, and they put him in that seat. I was so overwhelmed with anticipation of what was to come that at first I did not understand who was my neighbor. And only when he, smiling affably from under his thick moustache, extended his hand to me, I saw that it was Alexei Maksimovich Gorky. You can imagine my surprise...
Alexei Maksimovich was breathing heavily and was smoking all the time. He does not have time to finish smoking one cigarette, he takes out another, lights up from the first one. Looking around the room, he spoke to me in an undertone:
They say you are joining the party today?
I nodded my head.
Are you worried?
I wanted to say that I was not worried, but I did not have the conscience to tell Gorky a lie, and I answered:
I'm very worried, Alexei Maksimovich.
At this time, Julian Piontkovsky, standing on the podium, talked about his life, about how he, a mechanic-mechanic, in 1917, working in one of the aviation detachments, had a burning desire to become a pilot, learned to fly himself, then entered an aviation school, went to the front, became an instructor at a pilot school and, finally, a test pilot ...
Are there any questions? the chairman asked.
Shouts of “we know, we know” and applause were heard from the hall.
And who is this? Gorky asked, pointing at Piontkovsky with a glance.
I replied:
My friend, test pilot Piontkovsky.
Well, you see how your friend is greeted, and you do not worry.
Having said this, Alexei Maksimovich joined the meeting, which greeted with applause the results of the vote for admitting Piontkovsky to the party ...
Only the next day, having calmed down from excitement, I was able to fully appreciate yesterday's event and the amazing meeting with Maxim Gorky on such a significant day in my life ...
The charming, bright image of Serov, Hero of the Soviet Union, test pilot, former Ural worker, was imprinted in my memory as the image of the legendary Russian hero, aerobatics virtuoso, a man with the soul of an eagle.
Test pilot Mikhail Mikhailovich Gromov is tall, thin, seemingly dry, cold and even impregnable. In fact, this is a very soft and delicate person, an athlete from head to toe, boyishly fond of all sports and especially horses.
Of the test pilots, Gromov is the most technically competent, cultured and meaningful person. He reads a lot, loves music, appreciates beauty in life and writes books himself.
Comrade Stalin shows an example of a careful and loving attitude towards test pilots. We, the designers, have heard his demand more than once to take care of the complete safety of test pilots during test flights, to create all conditions for success in their difficult and dangerous work.
Comrade Stalin personally knows our main test pilots. He carefully listens to their voice, and their opinion about this or that aircraft plays an important role in choosing a new machine for mass production.
From the book War in the Air author Shiukov Alexey Vladimirovich1. Unarmed Pilots In the autumn of 1914, I went with my plane to the front. The first imperialist world war has just begun. I was supposed to take part in it too. Prior to this war, aircraft had never been used for air combat anywhere. Therefore, sitting in the car
From the book One Hundred and Forty Conversations with Molotov author Chuev Felix IvanovichMolotov pilots always dress lightly, without fear of catching a cold. At home, he usually wears a loose shirt. Let's go to the forest - put on a gray raincoat, a hat, take a cane. We walk. A man in a wide-brimmed hat, an old brown suit, dark red
From the book Tested in the Sky author Gallay Mark LazarevichTESTERS OF THE SIXTY So, we have been replaced by a new generation of Soviet test pilots. What was it? What was different from us? Here, following the old canons of life, I probably should have complained with dignity about how
From the book My brother Yuri author Gagarin Valentin AlekseevichCHAPTER 7 Pilots A white shirt carefully ironed, hanging on the back of a chair. The ceiling is reflected in the socks of the boots polished to a shine. The boots were bought in Gzhatsk before the war and were never put on.
From the book With Antarctica - only to "You": Notes of a Polar Aviation Pilot author Karpiy Vasily MikhailovichPlumber pilots... There were no flights, winter fully came into its own, but we were not left idle. It turned out that the plumbing supplying water to the bathhouse was thawed. Pavel Kononovich asked us to help restore it, since there were not enough workers: each
From the book Planes fly to the partisans (Notes of the Chief of Staff) author Verkhozin Alexander MikhailovichHelp out, pilots! By the winter of 1942/43, the number of large partisan formations deep behind enemy lines had increased many times over. Engineers calculated that it was impossible to fly to Western Ukraine and Western Belarus without additional gasoline tanks on LI-2 aircraft.
From the book My Heavenly Life: Memoirs of a Test Pilot author Menitsky Valery Evgenievich17. WHERE DO TESTERS COME FROM? How does one become a test pilot? Approximately the same as a worker, teacher, engineer. And yet, partly not so - in a special way ... The School of Test Pilots developed special criteria for selecting students. Preference is always
From the book Notes of a space counterintelligence officer author Rybkin Nikolai NikolaevichThe testers are a special people Having received a diploma in law and the skills of an operative worker, in September 1973 I arrived on assignment at the Chkalovskaya air base near Moscow - a place “enviable” for very many. It just turned out that they didn’t expect me here, and after a few
From the book Dragon with a side dish, an excellent student and other stories about a sissy author Chereysky MikhailPlanes, Pilots and Vozdvizhenskaya Topography Vozdvizhenka in Primorsky Krai was two. Just Vozdvizhenka is a village in the Mikhailovsky district, inhabited by people from Ukraine who were resettled there at the beginning of the 20th century. Before the war, Ukrainian was considered the official language there, and in
From the book The Book of Russian People the author Gorky MaximTesters In the resort of Sestroretsk there was a bath attendant Stepan Prokhorov, a handsome, strong old man, about sixty years old. His bulging porcelain eyes looked at people strangely - something too bright and hard shone in them, but they smiled affectionately and even, one might say,
From the book Stories and Novels author Heiko Leonid DmitrievichWho are the pilots? The ancients also flew. Information about the possible flights of people in prehistoric times on devices heavier than air and about those who controlled them, we draw from legends and myths, and all kinds of drawings on stone. In the distant times of foggy antiquity, people watched
From the book Courage Starts author Kozhevnikov Anatoly LeonidovichReal pilots The head of the school, Colonel Okovin, a former cavalryman of the Chapaev division, sometimes came to our classes. Okovin was a pilot, but the legendary fame of the Chapaevites so possessed our imagination that during the hours when the colonel was talking to us, we often
From the book The Purpose of Life author Yakovlev Alexander SergeevichFront-line pilots The qualities of an aircraft are tested in combat. - The profession of a fighter. - Aces - air snipers. - Thrice Hero Alexander Pokryshkin. - The Glinka brothers. - DB and BB. - Yak for Pokryshev. - Letters from the front. - Ibragim Dzusov: "On the outskirts of Berlin, the sky is ours." -
From the book Unknown Lavochkin author Yakubovich Nikolay VasilievichTest pilots of aircraft "La" Adamovich-Iodko Nikolay Vladimirovich. Born January 17, 1915. Since 1936, he flew in the flying club of the Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI). Since 1940, after graduating from the Moscow Aviation Institute, he worked at TsAGI, then at the LII. Since 1942, a test pilot at the LII. experienced
From the book Forge in Battle! author Chalbash Emir UseinWhy did the pilots eject? In 1956, since the spring, the regiment was again in camps at the Knevichi airfield. As before, the regiment flew in difficult conditions and at night. The replenishment of young pilots who arrived looked with envy at the pilots flying in the clouds, and each with
From the book Different Years author Kurganov Oscar IeremeevichTESTERS In aviation, test pilots are surrounded by great honor, the people who take the planes into the air after they leave the shops. Testers must be courageous, resolute, experienced people. Their main quality: composure. Aircraft testing requires
/olymp.as-club.ru/.s/t/928/2.gif" target="_blank">http://olymp.as-club.ru/.s/t/928/2.gif); background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;" width="100%">Chkalov V P.
Soviet pilot, brigade commander. Hero of the Soviet Union (1936). From 1919 in the Red Army. He studied at the Yegorievsk military-theoretical school of pilots (1921-22), completed a full course at the Borisoglebsk school of military pilots (1922-23), studied at the Moscow military aviation school of aerobatics and at the same time graduated from the Serpukhov Higher
Aviation School of Shooting, Bombing and Air Combat (1923-24).
Pilot-
tester at the Research Institute of the Air Force (1930-33), the plant of experimental and experimental designs (1933-35). Chkalov tested over 70 types of aircraft (I-15, -16, -180, VIT-2, NV-1), developed and introduced new aerobatic maneuvers: an upward spin and a slow roll. Together with G.F. Baidukov and A.V. Belyakov he made flights: Moscow - about. Udd (now Father Chkalov), 1936; Moscow - North Pole - Vancouver (USA), 1937. Member of the USSR Supreme Council since 1937. Awarded 2 orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, a medal.
He died on December 15, 1938 while testing the I-180-1 fighter. This was the first flight of a fighter designed by N.N. Polikarpov, which was supposed to replace the famous but aging I-16. The flight was prepared in a terrible hurry - to be in time before the end of the year. Polikarpov even refused to sign an act on the readiness of the aircraft for the first flight. That day there was a frost of 24 ° C. Already during the landing approach, the M-88 engine, which was not equipped with frontal blinds, was overcooled and, when trying to change its mode of operation, it stalled. Chkalov tried to make it to the airfield. But already on approach, seeing that the plane would not fly over residential barracks where there could be people, Chkalov turned away and crashed into a high-voltage support with its center section ... During the collision, the pilot was thrown out of the cockpit along with the steering wheel in a half-bent state. Falling, he hit his head on a protruding rail and broke his cerebellum. After 2 hours, he died in the Botkin hospital without regaining consciousness.
Probably, when calculating the landing approach, Chkalov did not take into account that the I-180, in contrast to the "donkey", was equipped with a VISH-3E variable-pitch propeller. Since the turning mechanism was not finished, the propeller blades were fixed in the small pitch position. And after the engine stopped, the propeller turned into a powerful brake... In addition, the landing gear, which could not be retracted during the first flight, were locked - Chkalov could not have retracted them.
As was later confirmed by the official tests of the M-88 engine on the machine in May 1939, it "does not have pickup from idle at its various thermal conditions." Those. when the engine control lever was quickly moved from idle (low speed) to an increase in speed (when gas was given), regardless of the temperature regime, the M-88 motor stopped.
The urn with the ashes of Chkalov is installed in the Kremlin wall. Cities in the Nizhny Novgorod Region of Russia and the Khujand Region of Tajikistan, the Higher Aviation School of Pilots in Orenburg, the Central Aero Club, and aircraft factories in Tashkent and Novosibirsk are named after him. There is a Chkalov street in Canada, in Vancouver. The city of Orenburg from 1938 to 1957 bore the name of Chkalov (although Chkalov had never been here).
Amet Khan Sultan
Twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, lieutenant colonel.
Born October 20, 1920 in the city of Alupka (Crimea). Graduated from FZU. He worked as a mechanic for the repair of steam locomotives in the Simferopol depot. In 1938 he graduated from the Simferopol flying club. He served in the army from 1939. In 1940 he graduated from the Kachin VASHL. Served in combat units of the Air Force. Member of the Great Patriotic War: in June 1941 - October 1942 - pilot, flight commander, deputy AE commander, AE commander of the 4th Fighter Aviation Regiment (South-Western Front, Yaroslavl air defense, Voronezh and Stalingrad fronts); in October 1942-May 1945 - AE commander, assistant commander of the 9th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment (8th Air Army). He made 603 sorties, conducted 150 air battles, in which he personally shot down 30 and as part of a group of 19 enemy aircraft.
In 1945-1946 he studied at the Air Force Academy (now named after Yu.A. Gagarin). Since 1946 - in reserve. On test work at the FRI since February 1947.
He performed the first flight and tested the manned analogue of the projectile aircraft KS ("Kometa-3"), NM-1. Tested: LL-1 and LL-2, I-320 ("R-2"), SI-10, SM-20; testing of the aircraft refueling system using the “wing-to-wing” method; tests of the R-15-300 engine on the Tu-16LL.
He died on February 1, 1971 during a test flight on the Tu-16LL.
Lived in the city of Zhukovsky, Moscow Region. He was buried in Moscow, at the Novodevichy cemetery. Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR. He was awarded 3 orders of Lenin, 4 orders of the Red Banner, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, the Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree, the Order of the Red Star, the Order of the Badge of Honor, and medals.
Streets in Alupka, Volgograd, Zhukovsky, Makhachkala, a mountain peak in Dagestan are named after him. A bronze bust of S. Amet-Khan is installed in Alupka; in Zhukovsky, on the street named after him - a memorial plaque.
Terentiev Andrey Grigorievich
Born in 1911. In 1933 he graduated with honors from the Morlet School (VSML) named after M. I.V. Stalin. In 1934 he was awarded the military rank of lieutenant. In 1937, he received the task of conducting test flights for bombing (PAB-100 on the MBR-2 aircraft). In 1938, Terentiev entered the Air Force Academy. NOT. Zhukovsky. During the war, he tested the aircraft La-5, Yak-9T, Yak-9B.
From 1945-1946 he conducted six state tests of various types of aircraft. He flew over the MiG-9 and the German Me-262, the leading test pilot of the La-134.
In February 1947 he was awarded the second Order of the Red Banner "for mastering new aviation technology". On August 18, 1947, he takes part in the parade in Tushino on the La-9F aircraft. Tests La-168 and La-174TK, reaches a speed of 1000 km / h. For 1948-49 - testing of fourteen types of modified and serial aircraft. At the end of 1949 - tests of the MiG-17. 1950 - reaching the speed of M-1.06 on the MiG-15 aircraft. On October 13, 1950, by order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force No. 0530, Terentyev was awarded the flight qualification "Military Test Pilot 1st Class". 1956 - testing of an experienced An-8 airborne transport aircraft. On February 7, 1957, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, for the courage and bravery shown in the performance of his official duty, he was once again awarded the Order of the Red Banner of War. On October 7, 1959, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Terentyev was awarded the title of Honored Test Pilot of the USSR.
1961 - five tests of the An-12 airborne transport aircraft. Two years later, he was awarded the rank of Major General of the Engineering and Technical Service. 1971 - Lead Engineer, Test Pilot. He has the rank of Major General of the ITS.
Honorary title "Honored Test Pilot of the USSR".
He has 4 Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War |-th degree, 3 Orders of the Red Star, a medal "For Courage", a candidate of technical sciences.
Garnaev Yuri Alexandrovich
Hero of the Soviet Union, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, captain. Born on December 17, 1917 in the city of Balashov, Saratov Region. From 1934 he lived in the village of Lopasnya (now the city of Chekhov) in the Moscow Region. He worked as a turner at a mechanical plant. In 1936 he graduated from the 3rd year of the Podolsk Industrial College. In 1936-1938 he worked as a turner at the Lianozovsky Carriage Repair Plant. In 1938 he graduated from the Mytishchi flying club.
In the army since 1938. In 1939 he graduated from the Engels VASL. Served in combat units of the Air Force. In 1940-1942 - instructor pilot of the Trans-Baikal Air Force (Ulan-Ude). From 1942 he again served in combat units of the Air Force.
Member of the Soviet-Japanese War: in August-September 1945 - navigator of the 718th Fighter Aviation Regiment (Transbaikal Front); made 20 sorties.
In 1945 he was repressed. Until 1948 he worked as a turner, technologist, senior dispatcher of the plant of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the city of Voroshilov (now the city of Ussuriysk), Primorsky Krai, in 1948 he was the head of the NKVD club in the city of Norilsk. In 1949-1950 he worked at the LII as a technologist. In 1950-1951 - head of the club "Strela" (Zhukovsky).
In January-December 1951 - test paratrooper LII. 07/14/1951 performed the country's first ejection in a spacesuit.
Since December 1951 - at flight test work at the FRI. In 1953 he graduated from the test pilot courses at the SLI.
He made the first flight and tested the "Turbolet" (1957). Tested: Mi-3 in autorotation (1954); experienced autopilots on the Mi-4 (1957); tests on the shooting of the blades on the Mi-4 (1958); tests of the MiG-21F at maximum speed; testing a number of experimental engines on fighter planes; means of salvation; power plant Mi-6; Tu-16 and An-10 to stall (1960); Tu-104 for weightlessness; tests of space suits on the MiG-15, Il-28, Tu-14 (1951-1953). Participated in the tests of the Yak-24 (1953-1955), Mi-10 (1959) in the development of Tu-16 wing refueling (1956).
In 1962, he flew the first flight on the first domestic Ka-22 rotorcraft, then carried out its further tests until 1964.
He died on August 6, 1967 on a Mi-6PZh helicopter while extinguishing a forest fire near Marseille [La Rova (France)].
Lived in the city of Zhukovsky, Moscow Region. He was buried in Moscow, at the Novodevichy cemetery.
He was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, the Red Banner of Labor, and medals.
Streets in Balashov, Zhukovsky, Ulan-Ude, Feodosia are named after Gargaev. In Zhukovsky, on the house where he lived, and in Balashov, on the school that bears his name, memorial plaques were installed. A monument has been erected in the city of La Rove (France).
Gudkov Oleg Vasilievich
Hero of the Soviet Union, test pilot 1st class, major.
Born on February 13, 1931 in the city of Armavir, Krasnodar Territory. In 1949 he graduated from the Stavropol Suvorov Military School.
In the army since 1949. In 1952 he graduated from the Borisoglebsk VAUL and the Higher Officer Aviation Instructor School (Grozny). Left as an instructor pilot in Borisoglebsk VAUL. Since 1957 - in reserve. In 1958 he graduated from the Test Pilot School, in 1966 - MAI. Since 1958 - in flight test work at the Flight Research Institute, he was the deputy head of the FITs LII for the flight department.
Raised into the sky and tested the MiG-21I ("Analogue") (04/18/1968), tested the MiG-21F-13 in a spin, participated in the tests of the MiG-21, MiG-23, MiG-25.
He died on October 4, 1973 in a test flight on the MiG-25P.
Lived in the city of Zhukovsky, Moscow Region. He was buried in the city of Zhukovsky, at the Bykovsky cemetery. A street in the city of Zhukovsky is named after him.
Popovich Marina Lavrentievna
1st class test pilot, colonel engineer, candidate of technical sciences.
She graduated from SHLI in 1964.
The only pilot in the world who set 101 world records on various types of aircraft. Winner of 5 international awards, including Gold and Silver medals named after S.P. Korolev, diplomas named after Paul Tisandier, Yu.A. Gagarin and the FAI Big Gold Medal (this medal is awarded for outstanding world achievements and contributions to aviation science and technology). Conducted tests of the An-22 "Antey" aircraft and many other models.
Dedukh Sergey Grigorievich
Honored Test Pilot of the USSR. Born in 1919. In 1927 he goes to school. After school he enters the Faculty of Chemistry of the Institute of Technology. In the spring of 1939 he enrolled in the Kirov flying club of Moscow. In the autumn of 1942 he transferred to a combat regiment. February 23 - the first sortie on the R-5 aircraft. After that, he made many sorties on various missions.
After the war he became a test pilot. He mastered 114 types and modifications of aircraft and helicopters, conducted about 100 serious tests.
He has the title of "Honored Test Pilot of the USSR", Candidate of Technical Sciences, Major General of Aviation, has numerous awards, certificates of the Central Committee of the CPSU.
Nazaryan Valentin Vazgenovich
Test Pilot 1st Class, Capt. Born on April 5, 1947 in the village of Kirants, Ijevan region (Armenia). He spent his childhood and youth in the city of Kapan (Armenia). In 1966 he graduated from the 1st year of the Yerevan State University. In the army since 1966. In 1970 he graduated from the Chernihiv VVAUL. Served in combat units of the Air Force. Since 1974 - in reserve. In 1976 he graduated from the Test Pilot School.
From May 1976 to June 1984 - on flight test work at the FRI. Since 1981 he was an instructor pilot at the SLI, in 1982-1984 he was the deputy head of the SLI for the flight department.
Carried out a large amount of test work on the Yak-38; participated in work on other fighter aircraft on the subject of the institute. In 1984-1985 he worked at LII as a leading engineer. Lived in the city of Zhukovsky, Moscow Region. Since 1985 he lived in Yerevan, Nizhny Novgorod, currently lives in the city of Sochi, Krasnodar Territory.
Awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, medals.
Popov Leonid Steranovich
Hero of Russia (1994), Honored Test Navigator of the USSR (1984). Born in Kazan. In 1963 he graduated from the Kazan Aviation Institute. From 1962 to 1965 worked at the aircraft factory "Sokol", in 1965-1985. - in LII im.Gromov. In flight work since 1966 in 1971 he graduated from the navigation department of the MAP Test Pilot School. Mastered about 80 types of aircraft. Since 1985, he has been working at the ANTK MiG as a senior test navigator.
(navigator)
Gorbunov Vladimir Mikhailovich
Honored Test Pilot of the USSR (1989), Hero of Russia (1992). Born in Vyatskiye Polyany, Kirov region. He graduated from the Kachinsky VVAUL in 1968, served in combat units until 1973. In 1974 he graduated from the Test Pilot Training Center in Akhtubinsk, until 1982 - a test pilot at the State Research Institute of the Air Force named after Chkalov.
Until 1991, a test pilot at the LII, then a test pilot at the Mikoyan Design Bureau. Since 1991 he has been a member of the International Association of Test Pilots. OKB Chief Pilot since 1997
Rimas Stankevicius
Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, lieutenant colonel.
Born on July 26, 1944 in the city of Marijampole (Lithuania). In the army since 1962. In 1966 he graduated from the Chernihiv VVAUL. Served in combat units of the Air Force.
Member of the fighting in Egypt in March 1971 - April 1972.
Since 1973 - in reserve. In 1975 he graduated from SHLI. Since May 1975 - in flight test work at the FRI. Conducted a number of test work on fighter aircraft. Participated in tests of the MiG-29 on a corkscrew.
As a co-pilot participated in: the first flight of the BTS-002 (Atmospheric analogue of Buran), the first automatic landing of the BTS-002, the first fully automatic flight of the BTS-002. In 1980 he graduated from the Cosmonaut Training Center. Since 1980 - test cosmonaut of the OKPKI (since 1988 - deputy head of the OKPKI).
According to the training program for the space flight on the Buran, he worked out the manual control system and the automatic landing system on the Tu-154LL and MiG-25LL equipped with the Buran control system. He died on September 9, 1990 during a demonstration flight on the Su-27 at the Salgaredo airfield (Italy). Lived in the city of Zhukovsky, Moscow Region. He was buried in the city of Kaunas (Lithuania).
Awarded the Order of the Red Star, medals.
Pugachev Viktor Georgievich
Hero of the Soviet Union, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR), colonel.
Born on August 8, 1948 in the city of Taganrog, Rostov Region. In the army since 1966. In 1970 he graduated from the Yeisk VVAUL, left in it as an instructor pilot. Since 1977 - in reserve.
In 1978 he graduated from SLI, in 1980 - the Moscow Aviation Institute.
From December 1978 to October 1980 - on flight test work at the FRI. Carried out a number of test work on the MiG-23, MiG-25, Su-15, Su-24, Tu-16LL on the subject of the institute.
Since 1980 - test pilot of the Design Bureau named after P.O. Sukhoi. Made the first flight and tested the Su-27K, Su-27KUB; participated in the tests of the Su-25, Su-27, Su-33, Su-35, Su-34. On 11/1/1989, for the first time in the country, he landed an aircraft on the deck of an aircraft-carrying cruiser (on a Su-27K). He set 12 world aviation records on the Su-27: in 1986 - 7 climb records, in 1990 - 1 climb record, in 1993 - 4 climb and payload records.
Lives in the city of Zhukovsky, Moscow Region. Works as Deputy Chief Designer of the P.O. Sukhoi Design Bureau for flight tests.
Awarded the Orders of Lenin, "For Services to the Fatherland" 3rd degree, "Badge of Honor", medals
Beschastnov Alexander Georgievich
Hero of the Russian Federation posthumously, Honored Test Pilot of the Russian Federation, Senior Lieutenant.
Born on April 14, 1957 in the city of Irkutsk. In the army since 1974. In 1978 he graduated from the Kachinsky VVAUL. Served in combat units of the Air Force. Since 1985 - in reserve. In 1986 he graduated from SLI.
Since July 1986 - in flight test work at the FRI.
Carried out a number of test work on fighter aircraft and heavy aircraft. Participated in the testing of the M-55 aircraft.
He died on September 12, 2001 in a test flight on the M-101T Gzhel aircraft. Lived in the city of Zhukovsky, Moscow Region. He was buried in the village of Ostrovtsy, Ramensky District, Moscow Region.
Awarded with medals.
Aubakirov Toktar Ongarbaevich
Hero of the Soviet Union, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, Major General of Aviation, National Heroes of Kazakhstan, Candidate of Technical Sciences.
Born on July 27, 1946 in the village of the May 1st collective farm in the Karkaralinsky district of the Karaganda region (Kazakhstan). He worked as a turner at a foundry and mechanical plant in the city of Temirtau, Karaganda region. In 1965 he graduated from the Karaganda Aviation Training Center.
In the army since 1965. In 1969 he graduated from Armavir VVAUL. Served in combat units of the Air Force. Reserved since 1975. In 1976 he graduated from SLI, in 1979 - MAI. In 1976 - test pilot of the Ulan-Uda aircraft plant; tested serial MiG-27.
From August 1976 to September 1991 - in flight test work at the Design Bureau named after A.I. Mikoyan. Raised into the sky and tested the MiG-29 ("9-14") (02/13/1985), MiG-31M / 2 ("052"), MiG-29M / 2, MiG-29K ("9-31"), MiG-31B. Participated in tests of the MiG-23, MiG-25, MiG-27, MiG-29, MiG-31 and their modifications; conducted tests on refueling the MiG-31. On November 1, 1989, the MiG-29K took off for the first time in the country from the deck of an aircraft-carrying cruiser. On October 3-10, 1991, he made a space flight aboard the Soyuz TM-12 spacecraft and the Mir orbital complex. Since 1992 - First Deputy Chairman of the State Defense Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Since 1993 - General Director of the National Aerospace Agency of Kazakhstan. At the present time - Advisor to the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on defense, defense industry and space. Lives in the city of Astana (Kazakhstan).
He was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the October Revolution, the Badge of Honor, medals, and a foreign order.
Kvochur Anatoly Nikolaevich
Hero of the Russian Federation, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, Major. Born on April 16, 1952 in the village of Mazurovka, Chernevetsky district, Vinnitsa region (Ukraine). In the army since 1969. In 1973 he graduated from the Yeisk VVAUL. Served in combat units of the Air Force. Reserved since 1977. In 1978 he graduated from the School of Aviation, in 1981 - the Moscow Aviation Institute, in 1999 - the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation.
In 1978-1981 - test pilot of the Komsomolsk-on-Amur aircraft plant; tested serial Su-17 and its modifications.
In 1981-1991 he was a test pilot at the Design Bureau named after A.I. Mikoyan. Tested the MiG-29K, MiG-31D; participated in the tests of the MiG-23, MiG-25, MiG-27, MiG-29, MiG-31 and their modifications.
Since March 1991 - in flight test work at the FRI. Since 1995 - Deputy Head of the LII. Carried out a large amount of tests on fighter aircraft to practice refueling in the air day and night; on the development of methods of conducting air combat. Participated in testing various new aircraft equipment on the Su-27 and Su-30. Author of 2 copyright certificates.
Since December 1996 - President of the State Unitary Enterprise Pilot Research Center. Conducted a large number of flight research and testing in the fields of ergonomics and satellite radio navigation. In the course of these works, he performed a number of ultra-long flights on the Su-27 and Su-30 (including the Arctic Ocean, including the flight over the North Pole). Developer of the ideology and cockpit layout of the latest generation fighter ("glass cockpit").
Lives in the city of Zhukovsky, Moscow Region.
He was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 3rd degree, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
Akhrameev Vasily Ivanovich
Glider pilot, amateur pilot. After graduating from the Faculty of Aeromechanics and Flight Engineering of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT) in 1985, he works at the LII. MM. Gromov. In 1988, after graduating from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, he defended his Ph.D. thesis on the problems of aerodynamics, stability and controllability of aircraft in critical flight modes at high angles of attack.
Since 1991, director of the partnership "Wings of Russia" at the LII. MM. Gromov. Since 1993 - experimental engineer, deputy. head of the branch complex for training test cosmonauts.
Since 1995 - Deputy Head of the LII.
Garnaev Alexander Yurievich
Test Pilot First Class.
In 1981 he graduated from the Armavir Higher Military Pilot School. He served in the Fighter Aviation Regiment.
In 1987 he graduated from the Test Pilot School (ShLI), after which he worked as a test pilot in the OKB. A.I. Mikoyan.
In 1989 he graduated from the Flight Test Department of the Moscow Aviation Institute.
In 1993 - postgraduate studies at the Research Institute of Aviation Equipment.
Since 1991, he has been actively involved in international air shows and air shows, as well as in the development of various types of aviation business.
Since 1994 - test pilot LII them. MM. Gromov.
Tolboev Magomed Omarovich
Date of birth: 01/20/1951
Place of birth: Dagestan, Gunib district, Sogratl village, Avarets
1969-1973 Yeysk Higher Military Aviation School for Pilots. 1973-1980 Service in the Air Force of the USSR Ministry of Defense.
1980-1981 School of test pilots MAP USSR.
1981-1984 Moscow Aviation Institute.
1984-1986 TsPK im. Yu.A. Gagarin.
1981-1993 Test pilot, test cosmonaut of the MAP of the USSR.
1993-1995 Deputy Chairman of the Committee for Industry, Transport, Energy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. 1999-2000 Chief of Aviation of the VV of the Moscow District VV of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Awards: "Gold Star", Hero of Russia, Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the USSR Honored Test Pilot of the Russian Federation. Awarded to the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" III degree Scientific degree: Graduated from the University of Friendship of Peoples, Candidate of Historical Sciences - 1995, "Interethnic relations in the Republic of Dagestan in the period 1985-1995 and the prospect of their development."
Public work: Honorary President of the International Aviation and Space Salon - "MAKS". 1999-2000 Head of the Aviation of the Moscow District of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. Since 1999 Honorary President of the Wushu-San-Da Federation of Moscow
Gromov Mikhail Mikhailovich
Born on February 12 (24), 1899 in the city of Tver. As a child, he lived in the cities of Kaluga, Rzhev, Tver region, the village of Losinoostrovsky (now within Moscow). Graduated from the Moscow real school. From 1910 he was engaged in aircraft modeling. From 1916 he studied at the Imperial Higher Technical School (now - MVTU). In 1917 he graduated from the aviation theoretical courses of N.E. Zhukovsky at the VTU.
In the army since 1917. In 1918 he graduated from the Moscow flight school, left in it as an instructor pilot.
Member of the Civil War: in November 1919-November 1920 - pilot of the 29th reconnaissance squadron (Eastern Front), pilot of the 2nd aviation wing of the Ural sector of the internal security troops; flew reconnaissance, scattered leaflets, appeals.
In 1920-1922 he was an instructor pilot at the Moscow Aviation School, in 1922-1924 he was the head of the combat use department of the 1st Higher Aviation School (Moscow). In 1924 he was temporarily assigned as an instructor pilot and commander of a detachment to the Serpukhov Higher School of Air Combat, Shooting and Bombing.
In 1923 he became the heavyweight champion of the USSR in weightlifting.
Since June 1924 - test pilot of the Scientific and Experimental Airfield (NII VVS). Raised into the sky and tested the aircraft U-2, I-3, I-4, I-4bis; conducted state tests of R-3, I-1, TB-1. 06/23/1927 during tests of the I-1 for a corkscrew, for the first time in the country, he performed a forced parachute jump from an airplane.
Completed a number of long-distance flights:
June 10 - July 13, 1925 on the R-1 aircraft with flight mechanic E.V. Rodzevich participated in a group flight Moscow - Beijing. A distance of 6476 km was covered in 52 flight hours.
August 30 - September 2, 1925 on the P-1 plane with the flight mechanic E.V. Rodzevich made the flight Beijing - Tokyo.
August 31 - September 2, 1926 on the plane ANT-3 "Proletary" with flight mechanic E.V. Rodzevich made a circular flight Moscow - Koenigsberg - Berlin - Paris - Rome - Vienna - Warsaw - Moscow. Passed 7150 km in 34 hours 15 minutes of flight time.
July 10 - August 8, 1929 on the ANT-9 "Wings of the Soviets" aircraft with flight mechanic V.P. Rusakov made a circular flight Moscow - Berlin - Paris - Rome - Marseille - Nevers - London - Paris - Berlin - Warsaw - Moscow. A distance of 9037 km was covered in 53 hours of flight time.
From April 1930 - test pilot and commander of the TsAGI squadron. Raised into the sky and tested almost all aircraft of the Design Bureau of A.N. Tupolev, created in the 1930s - passenger ANT-9, ANT-14, ANT-20 "Maxim Gorky", ANT-35, reconnaissance R-6, R -7, bombers TB-3, TB-4, ANT-42 (Pe-8), as well as a number of experimental aircraft - ANT-13, ANT-25, BOK-15 and others.
On September 12-15, 1934, on an ANT-25 aircraft (co-pilot - A.I. Filin, navigator - I.T. Spirin) made a long flight lasting 75 hours, during which a record flight range of the aircraft was reached - 12411 km.
For the performance of the flight and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, on 09/28/1934 he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
On July 12-14, 1937, on an ANT-25 aircraft (co-pilot - A.B. Yumashev, navigator - S.A. Danilin) made a non-stop flight Moscow - North Pole - San Jacinto (USA) with a length of 10.148 km in a straight line (flight time - 62 hours 17 minutes). 3 world aviation distance records were set. The entire crew (the first among domestic aviators) was awarded the de Laveau medals (FAI awards).
In 1940-1941 - Head of the Scientific and Technical Group of the NKAP. From March 1941 - head of the Flight Research Institute (its first head). In August-December 1941 he was on a government business trip to the United States on the acquisition of American aircraft.
Member of the Great Patriotic War: from December 1941 - commander of the 31st mixed aviation division (Kalinin Front); from February 1942 - Commander of the Air Force of the Kalinin Front. In May 1942 - May 1943 - commander of the 3rd Air Army, created on the basis of the Kalinin Front Air Force. The air army as part of the Kalinin and North-Western fronts participated in the defensive operation in the area of the city of Bely, in the Rzhev-Sychevskaya, Velikoluki, Rzhev-Vyazemskaya operations. From May 1943 - Commander of the 1st Air Army. The army under his command as part of the Western and 3rd Belorussian fronts participated in the Oryol, Spas-Demenskaya and Smolensk operations, struck at railway junctions in the Vitebsk and Orsha directions.
From June 1944 - Head of the Main Directorate of Combat Training of the Air Force front-line aviation. In 1946-1949 - Deputy Commander of Long-Range Aviation.
In 1949-1954 - Head of the Flight Service Department of the Ministry of Aviation Industry, in 1954-1955 - Head of the Flight Service Department of the Ministry of Aviation Industry. Since 1955 - in reserve.
In 1959-1961 - Chairman of the USSR Weightlifting Federation.
Colonel General of Aviation (1944), Honored Pilot of the USSR (1925), Honored Master of Sports of the USSR (1969), Professor (1937), test pilot 1st class (1940). Awarded 4 Orders of Lenin, Order of the October Revolution, 4 Orders of the Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov 2nd Class, Orders of the Patriotic War 1st Class, 3 Orders of the Red Star, medals, foreign awards. He was awarded the FAI - de Lavoe medal (1937).
His name is the Flight Research Institute (Zhukovsky), on the territory of which his bust is installed. A street in Moscow and a square in Zhukovsky are named after him.
M.M.Gromov set 3 world aviation flight distance records (of which 1 is absolute).
Grigory Yakovlevich Bakhchivandzhi
He was born on February 20, 1909 in the village of Brynkovskaya, Krasnodar Territory. In early childhood, the family moved to Zhdanov (now Mariupol).
"For the heroism and selflessness shown during the testing of the first Soviet aircraft with jet engines, posthumously award the title of Hero of the Soviet Union to test pilot Captain Bakhchivandzhi Grigory Yakovlevich." This is the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 28, 1973.
Grigory Bakhchivandzhi entered the Great Patriotic War with the Nazi invaders as part of the 402nd Special Purpose Fighter Aviation Regiment, formed from test pilots. In less than a month and a half, the brave pilot managed to make 65 sorties, while demonstrating exceptional courage and fearlessness, the highest art of combat. Gregory personally shot down 5 fascist vultures and participated in the destruction of five others along with his comrades.
In August 1941, the squadron commander Grigory Bakhchivandzhi was recalled to test work. At that time, the design bureau was creating a new type of interceptor aircraft - with a liquid-propellant jet engine. Grigory was entrusted to test this car.
And then the day came on May 15, 1942, which was destined to become the birthday of Soviet missile aviation. From the very morning, the designers, Grigory's comrades in aircraft testing, members of the state commission were anxiously waiting for the moment when it would be possible to allow take-off. Mechanics did not leave the car, again and again checking each unit. At 19 o'clock Moscow time, Bakhchivandzhi took the plane into the sky...
And after a certain time, Grigory Yakovlevich, as they say, gracefully landed the plane, and immediately fell into the arms of friends who congratulated him on a remarkable victory: the first manned flight on a rocket plane with a liquid-propellant jet engine. For this achievement, Grigory Bakhchivandzhi was awarded the highest government award - the Order of Lenin.
Then there were many more flights.
On March 27, 1943, during the next test, the pilot on the BI fighter developed a speed of more than 800 kilometers per hour. This was the first time a human had ever encountered a sound barrier. And the first victim on the way to overcoming it...
Grigory Bakhchivandzhi died at the age of 34. He died, paving the way for humanity into the new. The first conqueror of space, the USSR pilot-cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin noted: "Without the flight of Grigory Bakhchivandzhi, perhaps April 12, 1961 would not have happened."
Eduard Vaganovich Elyan
Hero of the Soviet Union (04/26/1971), Honored Test Pilot of the USSR (09/20/1967), Colonel.
Born on August 20, 1926 in the city of Baku (Azerbaijan). In 1938-1944 he lived in Norilsk, Moscow, Sverdlovsk. In 1944 he graduated from the Sverdlovsk Air Force Special School.
In the army since 1944. In 1944 he graduated from the 9th VASHPOL (Buguruslan), in 1948 - Borisoglebsk VAUL, until 1951 he was an instructor pilot in it.
In 1953 he graduated from the Test Pilot School, in 1960 - the Moscow Aviation Institute.
From June 1953 to March 1958 - on flight test work at the FRI.
Carried out a number of test work on fighter aircraft on the subject of the institute; participated in the testing of aviation spacesuits.
In 1958-1960 he was a test pilot of the Design Bureau of P.O. Sukhoi. Tested P-1 (1958). In 1960-1982 - test pilot of the Design Bureau A.N. Tupolev. He made the first flight and tested the Tu-144 (1968-1970), participated in the tests of the Tu-22 and other aircraft. Since 1982 - in reserve.
He lived in Moscow, currently lives in the city of Rostov-on-Don.
He was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Red Star, and medals. He was awarded the Tissandier Diploma (FAI) (1969).
Kokkinaki Viktor Konstantinovich
Soviet test pilot, Major General of Aviation (1943), Honored Test Pilot of the USSR (1959), Honored Master of Sports of the USSR (1959), twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1938, 1957). In the Soviet Army since 1925. He graduated from the Borisoglebsk flight school (1930). Served in the Air Force. In 1935-65 he worked as a test pilot in the design bureau of S.V. Ilyushin. Kokkinaki made flights: Moscow - Sevastopol - Sverdlovsk - Moscow, 1937; Moscow - Spassk-Dalniy (together with A.M. Bryandinsky), 1938; Moscow - about. Miskou (Misko) in the USA (together with M.Kh. Gordienko), 1939.
He set 14 world records for altitude and flight speed, conducted factory tests of the Il-2, Il-10 attack aircraft, and the Il-4 bomber. During the Great Patriotic War, he combined the work of a test pilot, head of the Main Inspectorate of the People's Commissariat of the Aviation Industry and head of the LIS. In the post-war period, he tested military and civilian aircraft (including Il-12, Il-14, Il-18, Il-62). He flew on 62 types of aircraft. Since 1961 Vice-President, since 1967 President, and since December 1968 Honorary President of the FAI. FAI Gold Aviation Medal, Windrose necklace with diamonds. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1937-50. Lenin Prize (1960). Awarded 6 Orders of Lenin, Order of the October Revolution.
Yakimov Alexey Petrovich
Fig.1 Tu-4 bomber
Fig.1 Tu-4 bomber
Conducted trials of experimental
aircraft, including La-5, Tu-4, Tu-14. Tested in-flight refueling systems. He performed high-altitude flights on aircraft with PD with a turbocharger. Awarded 2 Orders of Lenin, Order of the Red Banner, Orders of the Patriotic War 1st and 2nd degree, 5 Orders of the Red Star, medals.
Soviet test pilot, colonel, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR (1960), Hero of the Soviet Union (1966). Graduated from the Orenburg Military Aviation School
(1937). Yakimov worked at the LII and OKB A.N. Tupolev.
Conducted trials of experimental
aircraft, including La-5, Tu-4, Tu-14. Tested in-flight refueling systems. He performed high-altitude flights on aircraft with PD with a turbocharger. Awarded 2 Orders of Lenin, Order of the Red Banner, Orders of the Patriotic War 1st and 2nd degree, 5 Orders of the Red Star, medals.
