The defeat of Napoleon's empire. Congress of Vienna. The defeat of the Napoleonic Empire Abstract the defeat of the Napoleonic Empire the Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was the final event of the Napoleonic Wars. Let's look at the agreements concluded there and determine what they were aimed at.
Events of the Congress of Vienna
At the end of March 1814, Paris was captured by Allied troops, which meant victory over France. The main goal of the war - the overthrow of Napoleon - was achieved and the coalition participants sat down at the negotiating table to discuss issues of the post-war order.
The capital of the Austrian Empire, Vienna, was chosen as the venue. There, in 1814-1845, representatives from Russia, Austria, England, Portugal, France and Prussia took part in making major decisions.
The main role in the victory over Bonaparte remained with Russia, and this was not in doubt, but Austria, England and Prussia also made significant contributions. The main discussions about the post-war system in Europe took place between these 4 states.
The main provisions discussed at the congress were the restoration of the monarchical order on the continent, the redistribution of Europe in favor of the victorious countries and the prevention of the possibility of Bonaparte returning to power.
The solution to the first issue was the restoration of the rights of the representative of the Bourbon dynasty - Louis XVI.
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Information on post-war territorial changes in favor of the victorious countries will be presented in the table.
Rice. 1. Map of the Kingdom of Poland in 1814.
The Congress of Vienna also had its significance for the Italian principalities. Thus, the Sardinian kingdom was restored with the inclusion of Savoy and Nice, and Rome came under the authority of the Pope.
The Kingdom of the Netherlands was created from Holland and Belgium.
100 days of Napoleon and continuation of the congress
In March 1815, Napoleon, with the help of the Old Guard and new supporters, managed to return to Paris and restore his power. He tried in every possible way to reconcile with his former enemies, trying to preserve peace for himself and France on optimal terms. Bonaparte, trying to win the loyalty of Russia, sent Alexander I a package of secret documents between France and England on concluding an alliance directed against Russia and Prussia. The attempt was unsuccessful.
On June 15, 1815, a new war began. Its culmination was the Battle of Waterloo, when the last remnants of the French army were destroyed, and Bonaparte was later captured again. This was the final defeat of Napoleon's empire.
Rice. 2. Portrait of Napoleon.
The division of the map of Europe continued after the second overthrow of Bonaparte. In the Alps in 1815, a confederation of 19 cantons was formed, which declared “eternal neutrality”, forming a new state - Switzerland. Norway was removed from Denmark and transferred to Sweden, and England received Ceylon, Guiana and control of the Cape of Good Hope from the former colonies of Spain, France and Holland.
The inviolability of the Congress of Vienna remained for more than a hundred years. Only after the end of the First World War will the map of Europe be redrawn again by the victors.
The autumn of 1815 is an important date in the history of Europe. We can say that this was the final act of the Congress of Vienna, when Alexander I, wanting to strengthen the European order and show that Russia plays one of the main roles on the continent, initiated the creation of the Holy Alliance. Russia, Austria and Prussia agreed to help each other in the event of revolutions and uprisings in order to preserve the monarchy in the country.
Rice. 3. Portrait of Alexander I.
Napoleon's fate was unenviable. The British, fearing his next return, exiled the former emperor to a volcanic island in the southern hemisphere of the Atlantic Ocean - St. Helena, where he ended his life in 1821.
What have we learned?
What should be said briefly about the Congress of Vienna of 1814-1815? He established new European borders and changed the balance of power in Europe. He influenced the entire European system for many subsequent years.
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The defeat of Napoleon's empire. Congress of Vienna
Presentation for a lesson on New History, grade 8
By 1811, Paris had become the most beautiful city in Europe.
Austerlitz Bridge
Jena Bridge
Triumphal Arch
Paris Bourse
Josephine Beauharnais
Marie Louise since 1810 wife of Napoleon
Ekaterina Pavlovna
Anna Pavlovna
9th of March 1796 Bonaparte got married Josephine, and in 1804 crowned her empress. The marriage produced no heirs and in 1809 Napoleon and Josephine divorced. Back in 1808, he asked for the hand of the sister of the Russian Emperor Catherine, but was refused. Then he wooed another sister of Alexander I, but was also refused. In 1810 he married Maria Louise, daughter of the Austrian Emperor.
Since 1811, the “Great Army” has been preparing for a campaign against the Russian Empire
“Sire, I beg you, in the name of France, in the name of your glory, in the name of your and our safety, sheathe your sword, remember Charles XII.”
“A crushing blow to England can only be dealt in Moscow”
Panorama of the Battle of Borodino
In 1812, the Great Army crossed the Russian border and moved towards Moscow. In the main battle of Borodino, Napoleon was unable to defeat Kutuzov's army. Having occupied Moscow, the emperor did not wait for the signing of peace. With the onset of cold weather, his army left the burned city and was forced to move to
Return trip. Persecution by Russian troops and frosts hastened her death. Abandoning his dying army, the emperor rushed off to Paris.
Fire in Moscow
French retreat from Moscow
Returning to Paris, Napoleon began vigorous activity to create a new army. However, the situation has changed dramatically. Led by Russia, a new coalition arose, which included England, Prussia, Austria, Sweden, Spain and Portugal.
The emperor created an army of several hundred thousand people. But at what cost? Mustacheless teenagers, almost children, were put under arms. In the decisive three-day battle near Leipzig - the “Battle of the Nations” on October 16-19, 1813 - Napoleon’s army was defeated.
On March 31, 1814, coalition troops entered Paris. Russian Emperor Alexander I rode on a white horse. Napoleon was forced to sign an act of abdication, but retained the imperial title. Having said goodbye to the old guard and kissed the banner of the 1st Grenadier Regiment, he left the palace.
Louis was proclaimed King of France. The victors sought to restore the old order. Dissatisfaction with the Bourbons grew.
From the distant island of Elba, Napoleon closely followed what was happening in France.
On March 1, 1815, the emperor, with troops loyal to him and close people, landed in the south of France and moved towards Paris.
All the way to the capital, the troops went over to his side. The emperor's army entered Paris, Bonaparte in his arms entered the palace from which Louis XVIII had fled the day before.
But Napoleon managed to stay in power for only 100 days.
Louis XVIII
On June 18, 1815, the Battle of Waterloo took place near Brussels, which the French army lost. Napoleon signed the abdication of the throne for the second time. This time he was stripped of his imperial title and exiled to the tiny island of St. Helens in the Atlantic Ocean, where he died on May 5, 1821. His last words were: “France... army... vanguard...”
Battle of Waterloo
Napoleon on St. Helena
Napoleon on his deathbed
After the overthrow of Napoleon in 1815, the first diplomatic congress in world history of representatives of almost all European states met in Vienna (only Turkey was not represented).
“Each of the powers that were part of it agreed to fight the common enemy only... in accordance with its own private interests. Disagreements, envy and rivalry... became increasingly apparent as
how revolutionary unrest grew everywhere..."
- Restore previous dynasties and power of the nobility
- Carry out territorial redistribution in the interests of the coalition
Slide 2
Plan § 12:
- Life during the Empire.
- Reasons for the weakening of the Napoleonic Empire.
- Campaign to Russia. Liberation of European states.
- Congress of Vienna.
- "The Christian Response to the French Revolution".
Slide 3
Lesson assignment
Why did such a powerful empire collapse?
Slide 4
Life during the Empire
After the Peace of Tilsit, Napoleon's empire reached its power. The emperor was a tireless worker who worked almost all day long.
NapoleonBonaparte
Slide 5
By order of Napoleon, bridges were erected in Paris in honor of Austerlitz and Jena, new churches, the Arc de Triomphe and the Bourse were built.
Triumphal Arch
Slide 6
The Louvre, called the Napoleon Museum, became a repository of masterpieces taken from conquered countries.
Louvre
Slide 7
Life during the Empire:
Napoleon had three royal palaces at his disposal, and one more was added to the national French holidays - the emperor’s birthday, his wife, Josephine, was addressed as “Madame”.
Josephine, first wifeNapoleon
Slide 8
Life during the Empire
Slide 9
In 1810, Napoleon married the daughter of the Austrian Emperor, Marie Louise, who gave him an heir who died young.
Marie Louise of Austria
Napoleon II –son of Bonaparte
Slide 10
Reasons for the weakening of the Napoleonic Empire
- Lean years;
- The Continental blockade caused a decline in industry and trade;
- Dissatisfaction with continuous wars and recruitment;
- Complex relations with conquered countries;
- Extortions and indemnities;
- Hatred towards the oppressors on the part of the conquered peoples.
Slide 11
Definition
Contribution is a sum of money imposed on the victors by a defeated state.
Slide 12
Trek to Russia
Already in 1810, Napoleon came to the conclusion that a crushing blow to England could only be dealt in Moscow. He came up with a plan: to send the Great Army to Russia, take Moscow and conclude an agreement with Emperor Alexander I.
Slide 13
In 1812, the Grand Army crossed the Neman River, invaded Russia and marched towards Moscow. In the main battle of Borodino, Napoleon was unable to defeat Kutuzov's army.
Slide 14
Napoleon hoped that Alexander I himself would ask for peace, but this did not happen. With the onset of cold weather, Napoleon's army left the burned city and was forced to move back.
Slide 15
Liberation of European states.
The emperor created a new army, putting yesterday's youths under arms. In 1813, in the battle of Leipzig - the “Battle of the Nations” - the army was defeated.
Slide 16
Liberation of European states
On March 31, 1814, coalition troops entered Paris. Russian Emperor Alexander I rode on a white horse.
Slide 17
Napoleon was forced to sign a renunciation, but they left him the imperial title. Sent to a link to Fr. Elbe off the coast of Italy.
Slide 18
Louis XVIII was proclaimed King of France. 20 thousand Napoleonic officers were dismissed from the army. Dissatisfaction with the Bourbons grew.
Louis XVIII
During the classes.
1. Org. start of the lesson.
- 1801 - concluded an agreement (concordat) with the Pope on the normalization of relations. The separation of church and state was abolished.
View document contents
“Outline of a history lesson, grade 8, “The defeat of Napoleon’s empire. Congress of Vienna””
"The defeat of Napoleon's empire. Congress of Vienna"
Objectives: - consider the reasons for the collapse of Napoleon's empire;
Describe the post-war development of the empire;
Find out who participated in the Congress of Vienna, what goal the participants of the congress pursued, what its outcome was; development of UUD, ability to work with a map, generalize, draw conclusions.
Equipment: textbooks, student notebooks, worksheets, computer, presentation, map “Europe in 1799-1815.”
During the classes.
1. Org. start of the lesson.
2. Checking homework.
1) Remember the date of the coup d'etat, as a result of which Napoleon became head of state.
2) tell us about the internal politics of Napoleon’s consulate
Contributed to the development of entrepreneurial activity. The big bourgeoisie was provided with lucrative government contracts.
He carried out reforms of the financial system, including the creation of a French bank and the strengthening of a new currency, the franc.
He launched a large construction project in the country. The capital of France has become even more beautiful.
Accelerated the industrial revolution and created new jobs.
Banned strikes and workers' unions. Those who showed dissatisfaction with the policies of the First Consul were expected to be executed, arrested, and expelled.
1801 – concluded an agreement (concordat) with the Pope on the normalization of relations. The separation of church and state was abolished.
Declared an amnesty for emigrants. He personally appointed former aristocrats to important government positions.
Created a powerful police investigation machine.
3)When did Napoleon become emperor? (1804)
4) Which of his reforms did Napoleon consider the best? (“Civil Code” 1804)
5) What was Napoleon’s “Civil Code”? (He proclaimed the equality of citizens before the law, the inviolability of personality and property, freedom of conscience, etc. This was legislation reflecting liberal values. The old order in France was ended forever. The Code spread throughout all European countries.
6) Using the cluster that you should have made at home, characterize Napoleon’s policy of conquest.
7) what measures did the Continental blockade include? (ban on trade with England)
8) Why do you think Napoleon won brilliant victories over his opponents? (Largely because France is a more progressive state and had a progressive social system and military organization).
3. Working with the map.
Guys, you have outline maps on your desks. Now we will work with them. Open the map on page 43 of the textbook, study the symbols. Using the textbook map, mark with arrows on your maps the directions of Napoleon’s campaigns, the years of campaigns, the years and places of the main battles.
One student works at the map for assessment.
4. Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.
In the last lesson we found out the reasons for Napoleon's success. In today's lesson we are going to learn about the collapse of Napoleon and draw a conclusion about the reasons for his collapse.
Open your notebooks, write down the date and topic: “The defeat of Napoleon’s empire. Congress of Vienna." (slide No. 1)
Lesson assignment.
Why did Napoleon's mighty empire collapse? (Slide No. 2)
Dates: (Slide No. 3)
1815 - agreement on the formation of the Holy Alliance.
On the desks in front of you are worksheets that you will need to fill out during the lesson.
4. Studying new material.
1) teacher's story.
After 1807, Napoleon's empire reached its power. The Emperor was a tireless worker - he worked furiously. I could wake up at night and write an order. I slept no more than four hours. Everything was under his control. However, his empire was already declining. (Slide No. 4,5,6) (read pp. 89-90 point 1.)
Did Napoleon have an heir?
Name Napoleon's wives
The desire to strengthen his power led to a divorce from Josephine, because... they had no children together. In addition, Bonaparte passionately sought to become related to some legitimate dynasty. In 1810, Napoleon married the daughter of the Austrian Emperor, Maria Louise, who gave him an heir who died young.
(Slide No. 7,8)
5. Independent work of students:
Read the paragraph on page 90 and try to identify the reasons for the weakening of the Napoleonic empire. Record them in your worksheets.
Students complete assignments, then check together with the teacher.
(Slide No. 9) Reasons for the weakening of Napoleon’s empire:
Lean years
Extortions and indemnities
Over time, Napoleon’s conviction grew stronger that England could be “brought to its knees” only by ruining it with a continental blockade, in which all the countries he conquered should participate. Among the states that secretly violated this blockade was Russia. Already in 1810, Napoleon came to the conclusion that a crushing blow to England could only be dealt in Moscow. He came up with a plan: to send the Great Army to Russia, take Moscow and conclude an agreement with Emperor Alexander I.
(Slide No. 10) In 1812, the Grand Army crossed the Neman River, invaded Russia and moved towards Moscow. In the main battle of Borodino, Napoleon was unable to defeat Kutuzov's army.
Napoleon hoped that Alexander I himself would ask for peace, but this did not happen. With the onset of cold weather, Napoleon's army left the burned city and was forced to move back.
Returning to Paris, Napoleon began vigorous activity to create a new army. But the situation worsened sharply. A coalition arose led by Russia, which included England, Austria, Sweden, Prussia, Spain and Portugal.
The emperor created a new army, putting yesterday's youths under arms. In the decisive three-day battle near Leipzig - the “Battle of the Nations” - the army was defeated. (Slide No. 11)
On March 31, 1814, coalition troops entered Paris. Russian Emperor Alexander I rode on a white horse.
Listen carefully to my explanation and briefly reconstruct the sequence of the last events in Napoleon’s life.
Napoleon was forced to sign a renunciation, but they left him the imperial title. Having said goodbye to the old guard and kissed the banner of the 1st Grenadier Regiment, he left the palace. He was sent into honorable exile on the island of Elba off the coast of Italy.
(Slide No. 12) Louis XVIII was proclaimed King of France. 20 thousand Napoleonic officers were dismissed from the army. Dissatisfaction with the Bourbons grew.
After a second abdication, Napoleon was exiled to the island of St. Helena in the Atlantic Ocean, where he died on May 5, 1821.
Napoleon's stay on St. Helena was not too painful (he even had his own retinue), since the British treated him as a noble captive.
However, health problems worsened the last years of the emperor's life. According to Napoleon himself and his retinue, the reasons for the deterioration in health were not only the restriction of Bonaparte’s activities, but also the unhealthy climate of the island. Napoleon's attending physician diagnosed him with hepatitis, but Bonaparte suspected cancer, inherited from him by his father. In 1821, due to a sharp deterioration in health, it was already difficult for Napoleon to move independently, constant pain tormented him greatly, he made a will. Napoleon died on May 5, 1821 and was buried near Longwood. But in 1840, Bonaparte was reburied in France in the Les Invalides in Paris (this was his last will).
6. Student presentation with a report on the Vienna Congress (Slide No. 13).
Students during the performance, using the textbook, fill out a worksheet, then check it together with the teacher. (Slide No. 14)
| What territories were ceded? |
|
| Duchy of Warsaw |
|
| Malta, Ceylon, Cape Land. |
|
| Venice and Lombardy |
|
| Part of the Rhineland and Westphalia |
|
| Norway. |
7. Summing up the lesson.
Why did Napoleon's mighty empire collapse?
Lean years
The Continental blockade caused a decline in industry and trade
Dissatisfaction with continuous wars and recruitment
Difficult relations with conquered countries
Extortions and indemnities
Hatred of the oppressors on the part of the conquered peoples
the loss of the army in Russia due to the talent of Russian commanders, the mass heroism of the Russian people;
creation of a new anti-French coalition;
Long wars depleted France's resources.
8. Homework (Slide No. 15):
Paragraph 12, learn dates; complete the remaining task on the worksheet.
9. Grading.
The defeat of Napoleon's empire. Congress of Vienna.
The date of the:
The purpose of the lesson: find out the main reasons for the defeat of Napoleon's empire.
Lesson type: combined with elements of discussion.
Tasks:
- educational: introduce students to the main events of the “French Revolution”.
- developing: improve skills in working with textbook text and historical dates.
- educational: Promote students’ holistic worldview.
Planned results:
- subject: know the main events of the “French Revolution”; be able to search, analyze, and evaluate information about events.
- personal: expanding students’ ideas about the peoples and states of the world, developing communicative competence.
- meta-subject: the ability to select information, formulate thoughts, organize joint activities with the teacher and students.
New concepts: Vienna Congress.
Equipment: computer, multimedia projector, screen, Microsoft Power Point presentation, textbook, individual cards.
During the classes.
Lesson stage
Teacher activities
Student activities
1.Organizational moment
Greeting, organizing the attention of schoolchildren.
Preparing the class for work
3. Updating knowledge
On the screen are Speransky’s words: “His brainchild is strong and powerful, but rests on the war, from which the people are tired and the future becomes unsteady and uncertain». ( Slide)
1. Tell me, who is this quote talking about?
2. How do you understand the concept of “brainchild”?
3.What can be called the brainchild of Napoleon?
4. Is Napoleon's Empire really strong and powerful? What facts can indicate this? (The teacher gradually puts together a diagram on the board from the students’ answers (cards).
5. Guys, tell me why Speransky believes that the future of a powerful empire is becoming “shaky and uncertain”?
Demonstrate knowledge and skills on the previous topic
1.Napoleon.
2. Express their understanding of this concept (What is created by their own efforts).
3. Napoleon's Empire.
4. List the facts (powerful army, authority of personal power)
5. Since the people were truly tired of war, the conquered peoples were tired of oppression and low living standards.
2. Setting the goals and objectives of the lesson
Guys, tell me, what are we going to talk about today?
(The teacher summarizes the students' answers)
That's right, guys! The main goal of our lesson:
find out the main reasons for the defeat of Napoleon's empire
They put forward options for wording the topic of the lesson, goals; participate in their discussion. Analyze.
(About the fall of Napoleon's empire.)
Writes down the topic in a notebook. ( Slide)
4. Assimilation of new knowledge
The teacher introduces new material:
After the conclusion of the Peace of Tilsit, Napoleon's empire reached the pinnacle of power. Napoleon surrounded himself with nobles.
But in order to gain a foothold on the throne, he needed an heir of royal blood. Therefore, considering his wife Josephine to be barren, he divorces her and takes as his wife the Austrian princess Marie-Louise, in whose marriage he has a son and who dies in infancy.
But the external idyll was disrupted by an internal crisis. The last two years have been poor harvests and caused a decline in industry and trade. At this time, Napoleonic exactions reached their peak, strangling the people and the “tax with blood.”
Over time, Napoleon realized that it was possible to bring England “to its knees” only in Moscow.
(Based on the material of the History of Russia, guys, tell me what Napoleon is doing?)
Napoleon gathers an army and marches on Moscow. ( Map on screen) This campaign was successful; upon entering Moscow, Napoleon saw an empty city. Weather conditions, unusual for the French, reduce the number of the Grand Army. The Emperor, leaving her, flees to Paris. But the Russian army (which led the anti-French coalition) overtakes him. The emperor created a new army, putting yesterday's youths under arms. In the decisive three-day battle near Leipzig - the “Battle of the Nations” - the army was defeated. (October 16-19, 1813) (Slide)
after which Napoleon signs a pact of abdication.
He is exiled to the island of Elba off the coast of Italy.
After the fall of Napoleon, Louis XVIII is proclaimed king. But the people were dissatisfied with the new ruler, because he sought to return the old - pre-Napoleonic order. Taking advantage of this, Napoleon flees from Elba and gathers a small army. Louis sends an army to meet him, but subsequently it comes completely under the command of Napoleon. Approaching Paris, Napoleon increases the size of the army due to the citizens who recognized him as the emperor. At this moment, 100 days of Napoleon's reign begin.
(Guys, tell me why Napoleon ruled for only 100 days, what prevented his rule?)
March 1, 1815 (Slide)- The Battle of Waterloo took place, during which the French army was defeated. Napoleon signs the act of abdication for the second time, but at the same time he is also deprived of the title of emperor. He is exiled to the island of St. Helena, where he later dies.
After the overthrow of Napoleon, representatives of all countries (except Turkey) gathered at the world diplomatic congress (Congress of Vienna) in order to resolve issues regarding the distribution of territories captured by Napoleon.
(Guys, I will ask you to take envelopes with task No. 1 on the edge of the table. In front of you are tables for you to fill out yourself)
All decisions of the Congress of Vienna were collected in the Act of the Congress of Vienna.
(Slide)
1) Congress authorized the inclusion of the territory of the Austrian Netherlands (modern Belgium) into the new Kingdom of the Netherlands,
2) however, all other Austrian possessions returned to Habsburg control, including Lombardy, the Venetian region, Tuscany, Parma and Tyrol.
3) Prussia received part of Saxony, a significant territory of Westphalia and the Rhineland.
4) Denmark, a former ally of France, lost Norway, which was transferred to Sweden.
5) In Italy, the power of the Pope over the Vatican and the Papal States was restored, and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was returned to the Bourbons.
6) The German Confederation was also formed.
7) Part of the Duchy of Warsaw created by Napoleon became part of the Russian Empire under the name the Kingdom of Poland, and the Russian Emperor Alexander I became the Polish king.
Make a note in a notebook (Write down the reasons for the weakening of the Napoleonic Empire:
(Slide) Reasons for the weakening of Napoleon's empire:
Lean years
The Continental blockade caused a decline in industry and trade
Dissatisfaction with continuous wars and recruitment
Difficult relations with conquered countries
Extortions and indemnities
Hatred of the oppressors on the part of the conquered peoples
Answer the question (Patriotic War of 1812)
I write the date in my notebook.
I write the date in my notebook.
Answer the question (Since Napoleon is once again gathering an army to march on Moscow)
Write the date in your notebook.
Read the textbook independently: A.Ya. Yudovskaya “General History. History of Modern Times, grade 8" - page 93 and fill out the table "Decision of the Congress of Vienna"
(After time (5 minutes) check with the teacher)
5. Initial check of understanding
The teacher asks questions:
Guys, do you think things could have turned out differently for Napoleon’s empire?
What shook the power of the empire?
They answer questions, express their opinions, analyze.
6. Primary consolidation of the material
Guys, take envelopes No. 2.
You need to do testing.
(After finishing the work (3 minutes), students exchange the task with their deskmate and check each other’s work.
Complete the task (testing).
They exchange works for verification.
7. Control of assimilation, discussion of mistakes made and their correction.
After pronouncing all the answer options and correcting errors, students check their answers with the answers on the screen)( Slide)
I analyze and prove my point.
8.Homework
§12 pp.89-97, card (envelope No. 3)
Writing in a diary
Valuation activities
5. Reflection
Guys, our lesson is coming to an end and I will ask you to draw conclusions using unfinished phrases on the screen. (Slide)
today I found out...
it was interesting…
it was difficult…
I completed tasks...
I realized that...
Now I can…
I felt that...
I purchased...
I learned…
I managed …
I was able...
Grading.
Thank you all for your work.
The lesson is over.
They draw conclusions.
Evaluate the results of their own activities
Plan § 12:1. Life during the Empire.
2. Reasons for the weakening of Napoleonic
empires.
3. March to Russia. Liberation
European states.
4. Congress of Vienna.
5. “The Christian response to the French
revolution."
Lesson assignment:
Why is thispowerful
did the empire collapse?
Life during the Empire:
NapoleonBonaparte
After Tilsitsky
world empire
Napoleon
reached its goal
power.
The Emperor was
tireless
hard worker
working
almost whole
day.
Life during the Empire:
By order of Napoleonerected in Paris
bridges in honor
Austerlitz and Jena,
built new ones
churches,
Triumphal arches
and the Exchange.
Triumphal Arch
Life during the Empire:
Louvre,called
museum
Napoleon, became
storage
masterpieces,
exported from
conquered
countries
Louvre
Life during the Empire:
AvailableThere were three Napoleons
royal palace, to
national
French
holidays
one more added
- birthday
the emperor, to his
wife, Josephine,
addressed as "madam"
Josephine, first wife
Napoleon
Life during the Empire:
Life during the Empire:
Maria – LouiseAustrian
Napoleon II –
son of Bonaparte
In 1810, Napoleon marries the daughter of the Austrian emperor
Marie Louise, who gave him an heir who died
young.
Reasons for the weakening of the Napoleonic Empire:
Lean yearsThe continental blockade caused
decline in industry and trade
Dissatisfaction with continuous wars
and recruitment kits
Difficult relations with the conquered
countries
Extortions and indemnities
Hatred of the oppressors from outside
conquered peoples
Definition:
indemnity -Amount of money
imposed on the vanquished
state to the winners
Trek to Russia
Already in 1810Napoleon came to
conclusion that
crushing blow
in England maybe
applied only in
Moscow. He's ripe
plan: send
Great Army in
Russia, take Moscow
and enter into an agreement with
emperor
Alexander I.
Trek to Russia
In 1812 the Greatthe army crossed the river
Neman, invaded
Russia and moved
to Moscow. Mainly
battle at
Borodino Napoleon
couldn't break it
Kutuzov's army.
Trek to Russia
Napoleon countedthat Alexander I himself
will ask for peace, but this
did not happen. WITH
the onset of cold weather
Napoleon's army
left the burnt
city and forced
was to move
back.
The Emperor created
new army
putting under
yesterday's gun
youths. In 1813
battle under
Leipzig -
« Battle
peoples" - army
was broken.
Liberation of European states.
March 31, 1814coalition troops
entered Paris.
Riding on white
rode a horse
Russian
emperor
Alexander I.
Liberation of European states.
Napoleon was forcedsign a renunciation
but left it to him
imperial title.
Sent to exile
on Elba Island off the coast
Italy
Liberation of European states.
Was the king of Franceproclaimed
Louis XVIII.From
armies were dismissed
20 thousand
Napoleonic
officers.
Discontent
The Bourbons were growing.
Louis XVIII
Eagle flight
1815 Battle ofWaterloo
After secondary
renunciation
Napoleon was
exiled to the island
Saint Helena in
Atlantic
the ocean where he is
died May 5
1821.
Congress of Vienna
After the overthrow of Napoleon in 1814Vienna hosted the first diplomatic
congress of representatives of almost all
states (except Turkey) Congress of Vienna 1814-1815 -
pan-European conference, during
which the system was developed
agreements aimed at
restoration of feudal absolutist monarchies,
destroyed by the French revolution
1789 and the Napoleonic wars,
and new borders were defined
states of Europe. . Vienna Congress German Wiener Kongress
Date: September 1814-June
1815
Place
holding Vienna, Austrian Empire
Participants Russian Empire
Great Britain
Austrian Empire
Prussia
France
Portugal Issues covered:
Revision of the results of the Napoleonic wars
Results:
Paris Peace Treaties;
Creation of the Holy Alliance
Vienna system of international
relations Participants
Russia was represented at the congress by Alexander
I, K.V. Nesselrode and A.K. Razumovsky (in
Johann took part in the work of the special commissions
von Anstett);
Great Britain - R. S. Castlereagh and
A. W. Wellington;
Austria - Franz I and K. Metternich,
Prussia - K. A. Hardenberg, W. Humboldt,
France - Charles Maurice de TalleyrandPérigord
Portugal - Pedro de Sousa Holstein de
Palmela Solutions
Europe after the Congress of Vienna
All decisions of the Vienna Congress were collected in the Vienna Act
Congress.
Congress authorized incorporation into the new kingdom
Netherlands territory of the Austrian Netherlands
(modern Belgium), but all other possessions of Austria
returned to Habsburg control, including Lombardy,
Venice region, Tuscany, Parma and Tyrol.
Prussia got part of Saxony, a significant territory
Westphalia and the Rhineland.
Denmark, a former ally of France, lost Norway,
transferred to Sweden.
In Italy the power of the Pope was restored over
The Vatican and the Papal States, and the Bourbons returned the Kingdom
Two Sicilies.
The German Confederation was also formed.
Part of the Duchy of Warsaw created by Napoleon became part of
composition of the Russian Empire called the Kingdom of Poland, and
Russian Emperor Alexander I also became King of Poland. Meaning
Congress determined a new arrangement
forces in Europe that emerged towards the end
Napoleonic wars, for a long time
outlining the leading role of the winning countries - Russia, Austria and
UK - international
relationships.
As a result of the congress, the Vienna
system of international relations and was
The Holy Alliance of Europeans was created
states, aimed at ensuring
inviolability of European monarchies.
Congress of Vienna
Read the paragraph on page 93 andcomplete task 5 on p.95
Countries
-winners
RUSSIA
PRUSSIA
AUSTRIA
ENGLAND
Territories +
Let's summarize the lesson
Questions on pages 94-95Lesson assignment:
Why is thispowerful
did the empire collapse?
Homework
§ 12,questions according to the plan,
records Resources used in this work:
http://napoleona.ru/photo/dnevnik-jizni-napoleona/
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80
http://images.rambler.ru/search?query=%D0%B2%D1%8A
%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4+%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA
%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%9F
%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B2+
%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6+%D0%BD%D0%B0+
%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5
Antonenkova Anzhelika Viktorovna
history teacher, Municipal Educational Institution Budinskaya Secondary School
Tver region
