Squadron battleship Tsesarevich. SFW - fun, humor, girls, accidents, cars, celebrity photos and much more

Nikto1> Uv. present.
Nikto1> One more question.
Nikto1> During the repair in Port Arthur on the ship made some changes. To which I include the removal of 4-75 mm guns, 4-47 mm guns, most of the machine guns. They removed the searchlight from the combat mars. They sawed off part of the bulwark in the stern - actually in the stern and in places where it sticks into the side of the forecastle.

If you looked at the drawings, then you could not help but pay attention to the explanatory note "attached" to the drawings. Although... who knows.
Just in case, I will quote myself in it.

So... blah blah blah... well, where is it?... yeah! found here...
"... Another 4 75-mm guns were located on the bow and 2 guns on the aft bridges. Later (tentatively during the repair of the battleship after torpedoing), the rear pair of guns on the front bridge was removed. Another pair of guns was also removed in the bow casemate. These four guns remained in Port Arthur."

As for the 47 mm guns, would you be kind enough to provide a source?!

And in conclusion, regarding machine guns. Again, I'm quoting
"... The machine guns were installed on the roofs of the mars. 2 on the main mars, 4 on the fore mars. And also on the bulwark in the central part of the ship (2 per side). These 4 machine guns were removed for the needs of the land front .. ."
The source in both cases is photographs and Melnikov's monograph.

Nikto1> The question is not actually in these changes. The question is - for how long the type of drawings is given - by the author JJ.
Nikto1> On the drawings 2 jlbyfrjds[ general-capital inscriptions:
Nikto1> Squadron battleship "Tsesarevich"

Nikto1> Under the second of them there is a note, from which it follows that "the battleship is depicted as of 1917." End of quote, punctuation preserved. And the point is not that YY is put in the case when the given years are more than 1, i.e. in this case it would be possible to get by with one letter G,

Thanks!!! Here it is!!! "G" should be ONE!!
Thank you, this is indeed a very valuable comment.
What to do now...?
Then you put me in a puddle ... I admit ..

Nikto1> the fact is that while reading all these inscriptions, I realized that the first of the types of armadillo refers to the moment of its commissioning.
Is it not fate to read the inscription on sheet No. 38? It clearly states for what period the drawing is presented.

Nikto1> And there is confirmation of this - all 20-75 mm guns and all 20-47 mm guns in the drawing are available. But I began to have doubts. And I understood their reason - the armadillo had a bulwark cut off. Stop, I said to myself - this view is not at the time of its commissioning. This is at the time of its release from repair! But even here doubts did not leave me, because at the time of leaving the repair, 20% of the anti-mine artillery and 1 searchlight were ALREADY removed from the ship, and the machine guns were removed - only 2 remained.

Could you give a source that by the time the ship was taken out of repair, only 2 machine guns remained.
Yes, and about the spotlight, it would not be bad to listen for the general development.

As for the "cut" bulwark. This is in detail set out in the text of the explanatory note.
There was no need to "cut off" the false boat, because. it was removable and could be removed / installed at any time at the request of the workers.
Structural elements are shown that allow this to be done, both in the drawings and (especially!) Shown in the photographs in the explanatory note, with the appropriate inscriptions and signatures.

Nikto1> SO A QUESTION TO DEAR EXPERTS.
Nikto1> When the bulwark was cut down on the battleship Tsesarevich

It would not be bad to learn materiel.
Imagine for a moment Admiral Makarov with a hacksaw, with which he saws the bulwark of the Tsarevich.
Represented?
And after that, I got sick...

Nikto1> and removed the guns?

Answer.
It is indicated in the explanatory note what and when was removed and dressed.

Nikto1> Then we will be able to accurately write a "Note" FOR OURSELVES, for example this - "the battleship is shown under repair as of March 15, 1904 17 hours 32 minutes (because at 17 hours the bulwark was already cut down / dismantled / removed, and the guns were still up to 6 p.m.) DATE March 15, 1904 and time - I, of course, invented.

We look at the drawing.
Reading.
"Note: the drawings show an armadillo at the time of the battle in the Yellow Sea.
Machine guns on Mars, 37-mm guns had been removed by that time. There were no awning racks (shown conditionally) ... ", etc.
Again, if something is not clear, open an explanatory note.

Nikto1> In other words, this is a very special kind of battleship Tsesarevich-Tsesarevich under repair. And it is even more special in that the bulwark could be cut down / dismantled / removed LATER than the guns or part of those removed guns were removed. In this case, this is a "Martian battleship" as a certain Pz wrote here.

What are you attached to this bulwark?
Here, there is a picture of the period of the First World War with a bulwark installed.
How do you explain this mystery of nature?

Believe me, it is not difficult for me to draw all types of an armadillo when any door was opened or closed.
But just the two most characteristic species are enough. If you have questions, you can read the attached text and draw your own conclusions.
Believe me - it's not difficult.

July 26, 1899, as part of the warship building program for Far East At the French shipyard "Forge and Chantier" in Toulon, by order of the Russian government, a new battleship was laid down, which received the name "Tsesarevich". On the instructions of the Marine Technical Committee, the design of the battleship was developed by the French engineer A. Lagan. "Tsesarevich" became the world's first squadron battleship, the hull of which was protected along the waterline by two continuous rows of armor plates and had improved mine protection. The ship had powerful armament for those times (4 305-mm, 12 152-mm guns of the Obukhov plant in two-gun turrets, 20 75-mm and 20 47-mm guns), 18-knot speed and good seaworthiness. Its displacement was about 13 thousand tons.

From the Russian side, the construction of the battleship was observed by ship engineer K.P. Boklevsky and his future commander captain I rank I.K. Grigorovich. February 10, 1901 "Tsesarevich" was launched, and August 21, 1903 he entered service. Baltic Fleet. In early September, the battleship left Toulon and headed for Port Arthur. In mid-November, he, along with the Bayan cruiser, became part of the Pacific Squadron.

On the night of January 27, 1904, while moored in the outer roadstead of Port Arthur, the Tsesarevich was damaged by a torpedo explosion fired by a Japanese destroyer, but remained afloat and, after filling the hole with the help of a caisson, was re-commissioned. After the death of the battleship "Petropavlovsk" with the commander of the squadron, Vice Admiral S.O. Makarov March 31, 1904 "Tsesarevich" became the flagship of the BF squadron. On July 28, 1904, after a battle with the Japanese fleet in the Yellow Sea, he broke through to Qingdao, where he was interned by the Chinese government the next day.

At the end of the Russo-Japanese War, in February 1906, the battleship returned to the Baltic and, after repairs, was reclassified into battleships and included in the training navigation squad. As part of the detachment, he spent several long overseas voyages. In December 1908, he participated in providing assistance to the population of the city of Messina in Sicily affected by the earthquake.

At the beginning of 1910 and at the end of 1911, the battleship got up twice for repairs, during which the main mechanisms, boilers and all 305-mm guns were replaced on the ship. In August 1912, during test firing, the Tsesarevich team received the "Imperial Challenge Prize" for high accuracy.

During the 1st World War, the battleship covered the raiding and mine-protecting actions of the light forces of the fleet. Since 1916 he was part of the defense forces of the Gulf of Riga. After the February bourgeois-democratic revolution, it was renamed "Citizen". From September 29 to October 6, 1917, together with the battleship Slava, he actively participated in the Moonsund operation.

In December 1917, he made the transition from Helsingfors to Kronstadt, where he remained in long-term storage. In the years civil war the ship's artillery armament was used on river, lake fleets and land fronts. In 1924, the Komgosfondov was handed over for disassembly and on November 21, 1925 was expelled from the RKKF.

Attention! The series has been discontinued!
Squadron battleship "Tsesarevich"- the second partwork of the series "The Flotilla of the Russo-Japanese War" within the framework of the magazine " Russian ships". Publisher - LLC "Modelist" (Samara).

The squadron battleship "Tsesarevich" was built in France by order Russian Empire. He took part in the Russo-Japanese and World War I. Subsequently, on the basis of the drawings of this ship, a whole series of ships of the Borodino type was built.

The construction of the ship was started in 1899 in Toulon. The launching took place on January 23, 1901, but for another two years various improvements were made to the design. As a result, the Tsesarevich entered service only in 1903, practically with the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War. At the end of February 1904, during a battle with a Japanese destroyer, our battleship was damaged by a torpedo. However, the repair did not take long, and soon the ship was re-commissioned. In September of the same year, after breaking through to the port of Kiao-Chao, the battleship was interned until the end of the war. After the ship was returned to Russia, it became part of the Baltic Fleet. In 1907, after a radical restructuring, he was transferred to the class battleships. In March 1917, the ship was renamed Grazhdanina. He had a chance to test himself in the role of an icebreaker. In difficult ice conditions in December 1917, he made the transition from Helsingfors (Helsinki) to Kronstadt. It can be said that this was the last trip of the ship. Since May 1918, it has been accepted for long-term storage. During the Civil War, artillery was removed from the Grazhdanin. It was already used on land fronts, as well as on river and lake fleets. The ship ended its service in 1924. Was dismantled for metal.

Characteristics of the battleship "Tsesarevich"

    Length: 118.5 m
    Width: 23.2 m
    Displacement: about 13 thousand tons
    Draft: 7.9 m
    Travel speed: 18 knots
    Cruising range: 2805 miles
    Crew: more than 800 people
    Armament:
    305mm - 4 guns
    152mm - 12 guns
    75mm - 10 guns
    37mm - 11 guns
    Machine guns - 2
    Torpedo tubes - 4

Model of the battleship Tsesarevich

The squadron battleship "Tsesarevich" continues the "Russian-Japanese War Flotilla" series from Modelist LLC. This is the second model of this collection (the first one is ).
The assembly of the model is planned for 80 issues of the magazine with a frequency of 1 time per week.

Model parameters:

    Scale: 1:200
    Length: 58.6 cm
    Width: 11.6 cm
    Height: 30 cm

For making parts models of "Tsesarevich" the following materials are used:

  • HDF - 3 mm
  • Brass
  • ABS plastic
  • steel bar
  • Monofilament
  • birch lath
  • birch veneer

LLC "Modelist" continues its tradition and, as before, uses the developments of only domestic specialists. All parts are made from domestic materials on Russian enterprises. The model completely repeats the appearance of a real ship. On it, in the smallest detail, all the nodes that existed on the battleship, the gun superstructures are recreated. However, the assembly of the model, thanks to detailed instructions, will be available to modellers of any level.

Magazine Ships of Russia: Tsesarevich

Each issue of the magazine includes:

  • Attachment - parts for assembling a ship model;
  • Convenient assembly instructions with photos and a detailed description of the assembly procedure;
  • Chronology of the service of the battleship from the beginning of construction to its dismantling for metal;
  • "Encyclopedia of marine knots" - in each issue, instructions for tying one or two knots.

Magazine Tsesarevich recommended price:
first release - from 50 to 75 rubles.
second edition - from 70 to 105 rubles.
from the third edition from 100 to 150 rubles.
Frequency: weekly

Only 80 issues.

The exits of the numbers are not limited by any period:
Most of the details for the model are made at the own production of Modelist LLC, printing takes place in our own printing house. All this makes it possible not to limit the circulation of the magazine and not be tied strictly to any release dates. You can place an order for any published issue of the magazine when it is convenient for you. Start assembling yourself, show your friends. They also have the opportunity to collect the ship, starting with the first number. You don't need to be afraid that the series of magazines will suddenly stop. OOO "Modelist" officially announces that all 80 issues will be released.

On July 26, 1899, as part of the program for the construction of warships for the Far East, at the French shipyard "Forge and Chantier" in Toulon, by order of the Russian government, a new battleship was laid down, which received the name "Tsesarevich". On the instructions of the Marine Technical Committee, the design of the battleship was developed by the French engineer A. Lagan. "Tsesarevich" became the world's first squadron battleship, the hull of which was protected along the waterline by two continuous rows of armor plates and had improved mine protection. The ship had powerful armament for those times (4 305-mm, 12 152-mm guns of the Obukhov plant in two-gun turrets, 20 75-mm and 20 47-mm guns), 18-knot speed and good seaworthiness. Its displacement was about 13 thousand tons.

From the Russian side, the construction of the battleship was observed by ship engineer K.P. Boklevsky and his future commander captain I rank I.K. Grigorovich. February 10, 1901 "Tsesarevich" was launched, and August 21, 1903 he entered service with the Baltic Fleet. In early September, the battleship left Toulon and headed for Port Arthur. In mid-November, he, along with the Bayan cruiser, became part of the Pacific Squadron.

On the night of January 27, 1904, while moored in the outer roadstead of Port Arthur, the Tsesarevich was damaged by a torpedo explosion fired by a Japanese destroyer, but remained afloat and, after filling the hole with the help of a caisson, was re-commissioned. After the death of the battleship "Petropavlovsk" with the commander of the squadron, Vice Admiral S.O. Makarov March 31, 1904 "Tsesarevich" became the flagship of the BF squadron. On July 28, 1904, after a battle with the Japanese fleet in the Yellow Sea, he broke through to Qingdao, where he was interned by the Chinese government the next day.

At the end of the Russo-Japanese War, in February 1906, the battleship returned to the Baltic and, after repairs, was reclassified into battleships and included in the training navigation squad. As part of the detachment, he spent several long overseas voyages. In December 1908, he participated in providing assistance to the population of the city of Messina in Sicily affected by the earthquake.

At the beginning of 1910 and at the end of 1911, the battleship got up twice for repairs, during which the main mechanisms, boilers and all 305-mm guns were replaced on the ship. In August 1912, during test firing, the Tsesarevich team received the "Imperial Challenge Prize" for high accuracy.

During the 1st World War, the battleship covered the raiding and mine-protecting actions of the light forces of the fleet. Since 1916 he was part of the defense forces of the Gulf of Riga. After the February bourgeois-democratic revolution, it was renamed "Citizen". From September 29 to October 6, 1917, together with the battleship Slava, he actively participated in the Moonsund operation.

In December 1917, he made the transition from Helsingfors to Kronstadt, where he remained in long-term storage. During the Civil War, the ship's artillery armament was used on river, lake flotillas and land fronts. In 1924, the Komgosfondov was handed over for disassembly and on November 21, 1925 was expelled from the RKKF.

The battleship "Tsesarevich" was built according to the shipbuilding program "for the needs of the Far East" adopted in 1898 - the most time-consuming and, as events showed, the most responsible of the programs in the entire history of the domestic armored fleet. The program was intended to neutralize Japan's increased military preparations. Its rulers Not satisfied with the possibilities of wide economic expansion on the mainland, they discovered an irresistible desire for territorial conquest.This ambition was reinforced by the menacing buildup of the army and navy, and they were directed exclusively against Russia.

Application No. 1

How the squadron battleship "Tsesarevich" was designed and arranged

The design of the "Tsesarevich" is based on the type of the original, built in 1893, eight-turreted French battleship "Joregiberri". It was named after the admiral during the French colonial conquests in Indochina. This prototype ship belonged to a very diverse family (the drawing is given in the author's book "Battleships of the Borodino type") of French battleships that did not differ in stability (up to 12 turrets on a ship). mm cannon in each and two side towers (one 274-mm gun each), which, having a firing angle of 1 80 °, could shoot both fore and aft. Near the end towers, two twin-gun side towers with 1 38 mm guns.

"Tsesarevich" and its prototype had the following main characteristics (in parentheses are the data of "Zhoregiberri"): length along the waterline 11 7.2 (111) m, width 23.2 (22.2) m, draft 7.9 (8, 45 maximum) m, the power of the mechanisms is 16,300 (15,000) hp, the displacement is 12,903 (11,882) tons, and the same design speed is 18 knots.


The main advantage of the new project (which, as we recall, was appreciated by the MTK) was the presence of a longitudinal armored bulkhead (40 mm thick), which protected the ship from underwater explosions. Installed 2 m from the side, it was part of a set of constructive measures to ensure the survivability of the ship, which in those years was developed by the talented French ship engineer E. Bertin (1840–1924).



The hull was recruited according to the traditional transverse (or, more precisely, transverse-longitudinal) dialing system. The horizontal keel, 1.25 m wide along the entire length of the ship, was 20 mm thick in the middle part of the hull (10–16 mm to the ends) and riveted with an inner horizontal keel 0.95 m wide and 18 mm thick (16–14 mm to the ends). ). A vertical inner keel 18 mm thick (at the extremities 14–11 mm) and 1 m high was attached to them along the diametrical plane (like all parts - on connecting angles).

The same height went along the hull plating through 1.2 m (spacing) powerful flora of bottom frames 9 mm thick and equally powerful, of the same height, adopted since the time of iron shipbuilding - longitudinal beams of the set - 9 mm stringers (the same stringers were , and on battleships of the "Borodino" type). They (on both sides of the keel) were fastened with 80-75 mm squares. The stringers outside the double bottom were 7 mm thick. Stringer N 6 served as the base of the longitudinal armored bulkhead. Forming the so-called "checkered layer", all these beams were covered with a second bottom flooring 13 mm thick (at the ends 11-9 mm) and reliably riveted to them.

On the formed solid base of the bottom there were cars, boilers, ammunition cellars. The numbering of frames in French shipbuilding went from the midship frame to the bow and stern, which, together with the difference in measurement systems (in France - metric, in Russia - foot-inch) created considerable complications when trying, as required Grand Duke, accurately copy in Russia the dimensions of all parts and compartments of the Tsesarevich's hull.

The outer skin of the hull, developing it from the inner horizontal keel to the sides and ends, had a thickness of 1 8 mm in the middle part (towards the ends and to the deck 11-17 mm). The zygomatic (side) keel in the form of a triangular box made of sheets of 10 mm thickness, had a height of 1 m and a length of 60 m. 3 m above the load waterline; upper armored (or battery) unarmoured deck 7 mm thick with teak 60 mm flooring. A deck stringer 1 m wide had a thickness of 8 mm. Incomplete, ending at the aft 305-mm tower, was the deck of the forecastle, it is also hinged or spardeck. Conventionally, such a division of the ship into tiers of decks corresponded to those adopted on Russian battleships of the Peresvet and Prince Potemkin-Tavrichesky types.

Eleven main (from side to side) transverse bulkheads (thickness 9 mm, from vertically installed sheets) and four private hulls were divided into compartments. The longitudinal diametrical bulkhead (8 mm thick) was installed only in the engine room. The longitudinal bulkhead of the corridor behind the side armor had a thickness of 1 5 mm (at the ends 13–11 mm) and passed from each side at a distance of 1.5 m from the 35th bow to the 25th stern frames and in the stern from 30 to 37 sp.

The design of the "Tsesarevich" hull, as well as the entire project, was strictly, in all details, with minor deviations, reproduced in the design of battleships of the "Borodino" type, and therefore there is no need to repeat the description already made in the author's book "Battleships of the "Borodino" type" ". Let's pay attention only to the details that distinguished him.



Artillery "Tsesarevich" had the same set of main weapons provided by the MTK (4 305.12 152, 20 75, 20 47.2 37, 2 64-mm guns, two surface and two underwater mine vehicles), but differed only in an increased number ( 10 instead of 4) machine guns. Their excess was needed for additional armament of the two combat mars remaining on the ship. According to the specification dated October 6, 1898, they were going to install 4 47 (on the lower) and 3 37-mm (on the upper) guns on four Mars. Then, on the two remaining Marses of the same cyclopean size (with roofs and an upper platform on each), 4 47-mm cannons and 3 machine guns were placed. In the battle of Lys in 1866, these mars probably would not have had a price, but by 1900 they were a blatant anachronism. But the fashion could not be overcome, and these "outstanding" structures existed on the "Tsesarevich" until the end of hostilities. One, together with a wrecked foremast, was removed in Qingdao, the second was cut off only upon returning to Russia in 1906.

The impressive three-dimensional structure, widespread in the French fleet, reminiscent of the anti-boarding blockage of the side of the former wooden ships of the line, reminded of the centuries-old traditions of the bygone sailing era. For the sake of this slope of double curvature that ran along the entire side, the width of the upper deck was almost halved. The blockage made it possible to reduce the moment of the upper loads in calculating the stability of the ship, provided the medium towers with the opportunity to fire towards the extremities, and in stormy weather played the role (the French discovered this before the Russians) of a kind of pitching dampener. Taking on the masses of water that did not have time to slide, the blockage reduced the scope from side to side, becoming, as it were, an open tank-sedator. This had to be paid for by a significant complication and rise in the cost of the hull. The obstruction also explained the exorbitantly wide trapezoidal ports for anti-mine 75-mm guns.

The tight sealing of these ports has always been a considerable problem, which is why water always walked along the deck in a storm. A big inconvenience was the low location of these ports (3 m above the waterline according to the project, in fact, under overload conditions, it is much lower) above the water, which is why even slight excitement during the course of the ship caused water to “roll” into the ports (the case on the Tsesarevich in the battle on July 28 1904). It could turn out that the anti-mine artillery at the right time could turn out to be incapable of combat.



The blockage of the side made it extremely difficult to store, launch and recover boats and boats. On the narrow, extremely cramped deck of the spardeck, they had to be placed one inside the other. Descent with the help of traditional davits of a rotary type was impossible - if they were placed, as usual, along the edge of the deck, they were hopelessly lacking in reach. For duty and crew boats in offshore parking, a way out was found in the experience of old bokans - two beams, fixedly attached from the stern for lowering and raising the boat stored on them in a suspended state. This kind of improved barrels, but only set at an angle of about 45 ° to the horizon and hinged on the hull skin, made it possible, synchronously leaning towards the water, to raise and lower the boat and the boom that had been lowered in advance and brought under them, and the boom was freed from constant manipulations with lowering and lifting . On the campaign, the boats had to be lifted with arrows and placed on the deck, and the barrels had to be filled up to the side so as not to interfere with firing from the side towers.



Battleship "Tsesarevich" (Side sloop-beams)

To lift the particularly bulky mine and steam boats of the Tsesarevich, it was necessary to come up with an original (in the form of a football goal) U-shaped davit frame. Similar but much more complex structure(and also because of the great constraint) was used on the Russian Black Sea battleships of the "Catherine II" type. It was necessary to put up with the inconvenience of maintaining a complex system of hoists, synchronizing their actions and a large overhang of davits. This decision was not, of course, the latest technology. Ship cranes already existed in the world, which were also designed for the Russian battleships Retvizan and Prince Potemkin-Tavrichesky. Two frames on the "Tsesarevich" were already abandoned during the First World War, when there were fewer boats on the ship and when a rotary crane was installed on it.

The obstruction of the sides turned out to be incompatible with the installation of an important means of protection - anti-mine nets. The hand of the designer, apparently, did not rise to disfigure the graceful surface of the blockage by attaching shoes to it for barrier nets and shelves for storing them, and the Tsesarevich, like a ship built in conditions of special favor to the "company, was freed from the painful" procedure of annealing armor, required for these fasteners *.

* The absence of nets on the “Tsesarevich” gave rise in the minds of the Port Arthur naval commanders to a strange ideology of downright socialist leveling; since not all ships are equipped with nets, then let them not be lowered into the water and those who have them. Nets, you see, can to prevent quickly weighing anchor in order to rush into battle with a sudden enemy that suddenly swooped in. The then admirals did not see other ways to maintain combat readiness.



The “Tsesarevich” was distinguished from other ships by unusual (allowed only on imperial yachts) rectangular porthole windows instead of the upper row of portholes.

The ship was also recognized by its specific French turrets with their cast cabins of tower commanders and gunners (for 305-mm guns) and slightly inclined roofs (for 1 52-mm guns) that stood out powerfully on the roofs. They had a cylindrical shape with vertical armor.

This made it necessary to make deeper embrasures for the guns than in the English and Japanese towers with their inclined plates of frontal armor. From the installation of towers of Russian design, as was done in America on the "Retvizan", A. Lagan managed to dissuade - as more overall, they could not coincide with the project. The advantage of a typical construction of towers according to one project, already developed for the battleship Saint Louis, was also obvious. -mm.



Their supply pipes in the form of inverted truncated cones in the upper parts formed barbettes with a diameter of 5.0 m for 305 mm and 3.25 for 152 mm towers. This meant that, in terms of the tower, they completely covered their fixed barbettes and excluded the possibility of shells and fragments getting inside. In other words, the French project, although it had its flaws, allowed the Tsesarevich towers to be considered to meet all three generally accepted design differences in the tower installation: the presence of a fixed armored barbette (supply pipe); armored cover of guns and their turning mechanisms; overlapping in terms of a rotating tower and a fixed armor of the space of the supply pipe. This favorably distinguished them from the semi-barbet 305-mm turrets of the battleships of the Borodino type, on which the barbets had a diameter exceeding the dimensions of the towers, and the light circular cover sliding over the barbette and connected to the turret did not guarantee the protection of the barbette.

The supply pipes (barbets) of the turrets of the 305-mm Tsesarevich guns were sheathed with armor plates 228 mm thick, which, together with a two-layer pipe jacket (2x15 mm), made up a protection 258 mm thick. The vertical armor plates of the towers along their entire perimeter had a thickness of 254 mm, which, together with the steel jacket, was 284 mm. The 40 mm turret cover plates were laid on a two-layer (reinforced by their own beams) decking of 10 mm sheets.


B armadillo “Tsesarevich” (Section of the side in the area of ​​the 22nd frame)

The outer supply pipes (barbets) of the turrets of 152-mm guns were sheathed with slabs 150 mm thick, which were also attached to a two-layer (2x10 mm) jacket. The axes of the guns of the 305-mm bow towers were located above the water horizon at a height of 9 m and the aft ones - 7 m. 305-mm guns with machine tools and vertical guidance mechanisms were delivered from Russia, while the turrets themselves with horizontal guidance and feed installations were carried out by the Forge and Chantier shipyard.




The semi-circular conning tower with overall dimensions of 3.85x3.25 m had a height of 1.52 m and was covered with armor from 254-mm plates attached to a two-layer (2x10 mm) shirt. The cabin floor consisted of two layers of 15 mm steel. The roof of the cabin (with embrasures according to the Russian model) was riveted from three layers of 15 mm thickness. The "pipe for the protection of orders", which went to the central post, had a diameter of 0.65 m (internal) and a wall thickness of 127 mm.

Two armored belts and two armored decks of the "Tsarevich", together with a lower armored deck bent down (not reaching 2 m to the side, already as a longitudinal bulkhead), created that "armor box" (or citadel), which, at a height of almost 4 m and the entire length of the ship covered its vital parts. Below the waterline, this box passed at a depth of 1.5 m (along the immersion boundary of the lower edge of the lower armor belt).



Slabs 4.2 m long, placed in two rows, had a trapezoidal bevel of the lower edge in the bottom row. Of these 29 slabs (counted from the stern), the middle ones (nos. 9-22) had a thickness of 250/170 mm. The rest from plate to plate to the ends of the body were thinned. Plates No. 8 and 23 had a thickness of 230/160 mm; Nos. 7 and 24–21 0/1 50 mm; Nos. 6 and 25, 190/140 mm; 26 to 29 - 180/140 mm. The extreme nose plate N 29 consisted of two parts: the upper 180/160, the lower 1 60/140 mm. The upper row of plates (rectangular section) changed its thickness in the same order as the lower ones: plates N 9-22 had a thickness of 200 mm, subsequent (in the stern and bow) No. 8 and 23 - 185 mm, N 7 and 24 - 170 mm, etc. Stern plates No. 1–3 had a thickness of 120 mm, bow plates No. 27–29 - 130 mm. The upper armored deck consisted of 50 mm thick slabs laid on a deck deck of two layers of steel sheets 10 mm thick. The lower armor deck consisted of two layers 20 mm thick.



The original, but not quite justified, was the design of the deck transition node (with its smooth bend at an angle of 90 °) into the anti-mine (2 m from the side) bulkhead. Its weak point, as experience showed on the first day of the war, was a flat horizontal jumper (at the shelf level of the lower armor belt) 20 mm thick, which at this level connected the armored bulkhead to the side. On the "Tsesarevich" she received a hole in the explosion of a torpedo and allowed the water to spread over the armored deck. Repeated on the first two battleships built in Russia ("Emperor Alexander III" and "Borodino"), this knot, which immediately aroused the doubts of Russian engineers, was redone. The deck was given a traditional look with a bevel to the side and fastening of its end at the shelf, and the longitudinal bulkhead was made an independent structure, which was stuck and attached to the armored deck. This design eliminated the weak link - a flat jumper that was poorly resistant to explosion. A routine solution worked out by practice turned out to be more reliable than an ill-conceived innovation.

Eight sump centrifugal pumps with a supply of 800 tons / hour of water (they were called turbines) were installed: one in front of the boiler room, two in each of the two boiler rooms, one in each engine room and one behind the engine rooms. Their drive motors, as was customary in all the fleets of the world, were located on the armored deck, the rotation was transmitted through a long connecting shaft, which, of course, was subject to distortion in case of damage to the bulkheads to which the shaft bearings were attached. Other - more reliable solutions - complete isolation of electric motors and their installation in a compartment in a single unit with a pump, hydraulic motors that were not at all afraid of dampness, proposed by the Russian mechanical engineer N.I. Ilyin (1864 - after 1921) has not yet been recognized in the world.



In the original French project, the most important of the ship's devices, the steering, was clearly out of time. Proposed as early as 1839 by the Englishman Rapson, it was supposed to turn the tiller by means of a steering cart moving from side to side: the tiller horses were threaded through its clutch. The trolley was set in motion by a hoist system with two power drives: a steam steering machine and electric motors. Electric motors were used as a backup at the insistence of the MTK, but this could not add reliability to a clearly outdated system. MTK did not dare to insist on the modern and promising Aevis screw drive system, which was already being developed at that time by the Izhora plant. And the steering gears of the Tsesarevich, as well as those of the battleships of the Borodino type built according to its model with such obsolete devices, throughout their entire service, did not cease to show their fatal flaws. In the documents of the "Tsesarevich" during the First World War, hydraulic drives are also mentioned, but, apparently, it was only a hydraulic transmission for controlling the spool of a steam steering machine (instead of the previous roller wiring that runs along the entire length of the ship).



The power plant of the ship was also traditional: two four-cylinder triple-expansion steam piston engines with a total specification power of 16,300 hp. High pressure cylinders had a diameter of 1140 mm, medium - 1730 mm, low - 1790 mm. The piston stroke is 1.12 m, the rotational speed of the propeller shafts is 107 rpm. Instead of the 24 Lagrafelle d'Allest water-tube boilers used at the Joregiberri, 20 Belleville system boilers were installed, which, in the eyes of the ITC, were considered the most reliable in the world. But they also differed in considerable complexity (the presence of collapsible "batteries") and required very careful maintenance. The fleet still had to suffer with them during accidents on the battleships Pobeda in 1902 and on the Oslyab in 1903.

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