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Pre-Mongol Rus' in the chronicles of the V-XIII centuries. Gudz-Markov Alexey Viktorovich

Lyubech Congress of Princes 1097

The year 1097 arrived. It was a significant year for Russian history. The events of 1096 convinced the Yaroslavovichs of the need to move in together and settle down. Lyubech, which stood at the junction of Kyiv, Chernigov and Smolensk lands, was chosen as the site of the congress.

Svyatopolk II, Vladimir II, David Igorevich, their cousin Vasilko Rostislavovich and Oleg and David Svyatoslavovich entered Lyubech across the drawbridge. These were the grandchildren of Yaroslav the Wise. The integrity and prosperity of Rus' were in their hands.

At the congress in Lyubech, heartfelt speeches were made about the structure of the world and how “we are almost destroying the Russian land,” and the Polovtsians “carry our land separately.”

The Yaroslavovichs decided that everyone would hold their father’s land. Svyatopolk II sits in Kyiv, on the table of Father Izyaslav. Vladimir II holds the inheritance of his father Vsevolod. And Oleg, David and Yaroslav Svyatoslavovich are sitting in cities that previously belonged to Svyatoslav Yaroslavovich.

David Igorevich was supposed to sit in Vladimir Volynsky. And two Rostislavovichs - Volodar and Vasilko - held Przemysl and Terebovl.

The princes kissed the cross and, as they dispersed, declared, “If from now on anyone stands up to anyone, then we will honorably cross him.” But to the great sadness of Rus', the intentions of the Yaroslavovichs did not always correspond to their deeds. And the more the Yaroslavovich tribe multiplied, the smaller not only the inheritances, but also the affairs of the princes became smaller.

Lyubech. According to B.?A.?Rybakov

David Igorevich was assured by his entourage, greedy for the estates, that Vladimir II Monomakh had agreed with Vasilko Rostislavovich to encroach on Svyatopolk II and David himself.

David believed this all the more willingly because his Volyn lands bordered the Galician possessions of the Rostislavovichs. In a conversation with Svyatopolk II, David recalled that Yaropolk Izyaslavovich, the younger brother of the Kyiv prince, was killed by the Rostislavovichs in 1088. And “Stopolk is confused with his mind.”

On November 5, 1097, Vasilko Rostislavovich crossed to the right bank of the Dnieper, to the Vydobychi Monastery, and went to the Church of Michael to venerate the icons. They began to call Vasilko to Kyiv, and the prince, not suspecting anything, went to the capital.

On the road Vasilko met a boy. He told the prince “to want to go.” Vasilko did not believe it and made a fatal mistake. But was he to blame?

Vasilko Rostislavovich was blinded and “bounded and impaled as if dead and lucky and Volodymyr” (in Vladimir-Volynsky, the city of David).

When the cart with the blinded prince passed through the city of Zdvizhen, on the bridge, near a local merchant, Vasilko’s bloody shirt was pulled off and he was allowed to wash his priest.

In Vladimir-Volynsky, the half-dead Vasilko was placed in the courtyard of the boyar Vakei and a guard was assigned, led by the princely youths Oulan and Kolcha.

Having learned about Vasilko’s blindness, Vladimir II was horrified and cried. Having come to his senses, the prince said: “This, on the Russian land, did not exist, neither in the time of our grandfathers, nor in the time of our fathers.”

Vladimir II communicated with Oleg and Davyd Svyatoslavovich and invited them to meet at Gorodets Ostersky. The prince ordered the messenger to convey to the Svyatoslavovichs the words: “We have brothers who have put a knife in us, and if we don’t correct this, the evil will arise in us and begin to kill our brother and the Russian land will perish.”

The princes have gathered. They sent to Kyiv to Svyatopolk II with the question of what he had done by blinding his brother. A messenger arrived from Kiev and explained that David was guilty and that it was he who assured Svyatopolk II that Vasilko intended to take possession of Turov, Pinsk, Berestye and the cities of Pogorynya (standing on the Goryn River) and agreed with Vladimir II that he would sit in Kyiv, and Vasilko - in Vladimir-Volynsky, on David’s table.

Svyatopolk II ordered to convey: “...and it was not the ulcer that blinded him, but the Dvd.” They sent to Kyiv to say that Vasilko was blinded not in the city of David, but in Kyiv.

In the morning, Vladimir II with Oleg and Davyd Svyatoslavovich gathered on the right bank of the Dnieper. Svyatopolk II, seeing the boats and banners of his brothers, got ready to leave the capital. The people of Kiev did not release the prince and sent ambassadors to the left bank of the Dnieper with a plea not to destroy Rus' and with a reminder of the ever-watchful Polovtsians.

Vladimir II, hearing the reproaches of the people of Kiev, again sincerely cried. Finally, Monomakh’s wife went to Kyiv, and they decided that Svyatopolk II himself would go against David.

And David, having heard about what was happening in Kyiv, began to promise the blind Vasilko cities to choose from: Vsevolozh, Shepol, Peremil. And at the same time, David tried to take possession of Vasilko’s inheritance, but Volodar Rostislavovich blocked the road.

David locked himself in the city of Buzhsk. Volodar took the city under siege. In negotiations with Volodar, David blamed Vasilko’s blinding on Svyatopolk II. In the end, Vasilko ended up in his city of Terebovlya, but no one could restore the prince’s sight.

When David arrived in Vladimir-Volynsky, Volodar and Vasilko Rostislavovich approached the nearby city of Vsevolozh. Vsevolozh was “taken with a spear” and burned. Vasilko ordered to flog innocent people. Following this, the brothers approached the walls of Vladimir-Volynsky.

They sent the townspeople to say that they had not come to attack them, but to attack “Turyak.” And they said the same thing about Lazor and Vasil.” It became known that these boyars were not in the city. Previously they were sent to Lutsk. Turyak fled from Lutsk to Kyiv, and Lazor and Vasil ended up in the city of Turiysk. They were given to the Rostislavovichs. The boyars Lazor and Vasil were hanged and shot with arrows.

Meanwhile, Svyatopolk II came to Berestye with the intention of expelling David from Volyn. David turned to Wladyslaw I of Poland for help. David supplemented his request with fifty gold hryvnias.

The Poles took the gold, approached the shore of the Western Bug and began to reconcile the princes.

Svyatopolk II, having obligations to Monomakh and the Svyatoslavovichs, showed inflexibility, and Vladislav I had to tell David “not to listen to me Stopolk.”

David returned from Berestye to Vladimir-Volynsky, and Svyatopolk II went to gather soldiers. The prince visited Pinsk and Dorogobuzh and, having gained enough strength, went to Vladimir-Volynsky.

The siege of the capital of Volyn took Svyatopolk seven weeks. Finally, David left the city, moved to Cherven and hid in Poland.

Svyatopolk II occupied Vladimir-Volynsky and began to hunt for Volodar and Vasilko Rostislavovich. Soon a battle took place, and Svyatopolk II lost it to the Rostislavovichs. From the borders of Galicia to Vladimir-Volynsky, Svyatopolk returned with two sons and with the son of Davyd Svyatoslavovich (Chernigov), nicknamed the Saint for his piety.

Leaving for Kyiv, Svyatopolk II left his son from his concubine, Mstislav, in Vladimir-Volynsky. Svyatopolk II sent another son of Yaroslav to Hungary, to the court of King Koloman “Baby Ogry against Volodar.” And a new bloody plot from Russian history began to unfold.

Yaroslav with Koloman and the Hungarian regiments approached the walls of Przemysl. Volodar Rostislavovich closed himself in that city. At the same time, David Igorevich arrived from Poland. This prince placed his wife with Volodar, a temporary ally, and he himself went to the Polovtsians in the steppe.

Khan Bonyak himself met David, and everything was agreed upon to everyone’s satisfaction.

When the battle began, the Hungarians had 100,000 warriors. The power is considerable. The Polovtsians “knocked down the Ougry into a ball, like a falcon in Galicia to kill and ran away to Ougre and many footsteps of Vyagru, and the Druzii to Sanu.” 40,000 Hungarians were killed in the battle.

And all these events took place in 1097, the year of the Yaroslavovich congress in Lyubech.

Yaroslav fled to Poland through Berestye, and David occupied the cities of Suteysk, Cherven and suddenly appeared under the walls of Vladimir-Volynsky. By that time, the people of Berestey, Pinyan and Vyshgorod had fled from Mstislav, who was sitting in the capital of Volyn. Mstislav climbed the defensive wall of the city and was “suddenly hit in the bosom with an arrow, in a borehole.” Mstislav died that night.

Residents of Vladimir-Volynsky sent a messenger to Kyiv to Svyatopolk II, demanding help. Without support, the city would have been forced to surrender to David.

The Grand Duke of Kiev sent governor Putyata to Volyn. The governor arrived in Lutsk and found Svyatosha there, the son of Davyd Svyatoslavovich of Chernigov.

The events described took place in August 1097.

When the residents of Vladimir-Volyn noticed the banners of Svyatoshi and Putyata approaching from Lutsk, they left the city and attacked David. He had no choice but to flee away from the city.

The mayor of Svyatopolk II, Vasily, was installed in Vladimir-Volynsky. Svyatosha returned to Lutsk, and Putyata left for Kyiv.

And David Igorevich sat in the tent of Khan Bonyak for the second time in a year. It didn’t take long to persuade the Polovtsians, and soon their camp spread out under the walls of Lutsk. The saint left the city and went to his father in Chernigov. David took possession of Lutsk. Posadnik Vasily himself ran out of Vladimir-Volynsky, and David regained the capital of Volyn.

This completed the campaign of 1097.

In 1098, Vladimir II came together with David and Oleg Svyatoslavovich “ou Gorodets” against Svyatopolk II. But everything worked out peacefully. The year passed relatively calmly. In Pereyaslavl, Vladimir II founded a stone church in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

In 1098, at the confluence of the Oster River into the Desna, Vladimir II founded a fortress. This was the future stronghold of the Rostov-Suzdal reign in Southern Rus'.

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LYUBECH CONGRESS 1097

Congress Russian princes, held in the city of Lyubech (on the Dnieper) in order to agree on an end to inter-princely feuds over inheritances and to rally against the Polovtsians who were ravaging Rus'. On L. s. 6 princes were present. Svyatopolk Izyaslavich, as the eldest, was left Kyiv with Turov and Pinsk and the title was given. prince; To Vladimir Monomakh - Pereyaslavl Kingdom, Suzdal-Rostov land, Smolensk and Beloozero, Oleg and David Svyatoslavich - Chernigov and the entire Seversk land, Ryazan, Murom and Tmutarakan, David Igorevich - Vladimir-Volynsky with Lutsk, Vasilko Rostislavich (with his brother) - Terebovl, Cherven, Przemysl. L.S. proclaimed the principle of princes inheriting the lands of their fathers (“everyone should keep his fatherland”). This decision stated the presence of a new political building in Rus', the basis of which was the established large feud. land tenure. However, L. s. could not give real guarantees of the implementation of its decisions. Immediately after L. s. David Igorevich, with the consent of Svyatopolk, blinded Vasilko Rostislavich, which led to new internecine wars between the princes.

Lit.: Grekov B. D., Kievan Rus, M., 1953; Rybakov B. A., First centuries of Russian. history, M., 1964; Budovnits I.U., Socio-political. thought of Ancient Rus' (XI-XIV centuries), M., 1960.

G. S. Gorshkov. Moscow.

Soviet historical encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. Ed. E. M. Zhukova. 1973-1982 .

See what "LUBECH CONGRESS 1097" is in other dictionaries:

A congress of Russian princes, held in the city of Lyubech (on the Dnieper) with the goal of agreeing to end inter-princely feuds over inheritances and rallying against the Polovtsians who were ravaging Rus'. On L. s. (according to The Tale of Bygone Years) there were 6... ...

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Years 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 Decades 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 ... Wikipedia

Congresses of Russian princes are personal meetings of the Rurikovichs, undertaken to resolve differences and jointly resolve issues of domestic and foreign policy. They were held in Kievan Rus and individual Russian principalities from the 11th to the 14th centuries.... ... Wikipedia

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ANCIENT Rus'- (Old Russian state), the oldest state in the east. Slavs, which developed in the 9th-10th centuries. and stretching from the Baltic coast in the north to the Black Sea steppes in the south, from the Carpathians in the west to Sr. Volga region in the east. His education and development... ... Orthodox Encyclopedia

- (1050 1113) Prince of Polotsk (1069 70), Novgorod (1078 88), Turov (1088 1093), Grand Duke of Kiev (1093 1113), son of Grand Duke Izyaslav Yaroslavich. Participated in the Lyubech Congress of 1097 (See Lyubech Congress of 1097) of princes, after... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

An early feudal state of the 9th and early 12th centuries, which arose in Eastern Europe at the turn of the 8th and 9th centuries. as a result of the unification of the East Slavic tribes, whose ancient cultural center was the Middle Dnieper region with Kiev at its head. K.R.... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Early Feud. state at 9 am 12th century, which developed in the East. Europe at the turn of the 8th and 9th centuries. based on the east glory tribes, ancient cult. The center of these was the Middle Dnieper region with Kiev at its head. K.R. covered a huge territory. from the Taman Peninsula to the south, Dniester... ... Soviet historical encyclopedia

This term has other meanings, see Vladimir Monomakh (meanings). Vladimir Vsevolodovich Monomakh ... Wikipedia

Constant infighting between the princes led to the economic and military weakening of Russian cities. The Polovtsians took advantage of this circumstance, organizing regular raids on Russian lands. They besieged the city of Torchesk. The city withstood the siege for more than 3 months as long as there was water and food. But when it was all over, the townspeople decided to surrender. The infidels, in retaliation for resistance, took people captive and burned the city.

Then the Polovtsians burned the city of Yuryev, and the townspeople who ran out went to Kyiv. Svyatopolk ordered the construction of a city in the Vitichevsky tract on a hill, which he called Svyatopolchesk. The new city was populated by Yuryevites who fled from the Polovtsian atrocities.

The atrocities mentioned are only a small part of the atrocities committed by the Polovtsians on Russian soil.

The princes realized that this could not continue for long. If they do not find a common language with each other, the Polovtsians will destroy everything that was created, collected and built. Men will be enslaved or tortured, women will be made their concubines.

Priests and boyars also expressed dissatisfaction with the princely infighting. They demanded to unite to fight the external enemy.

In 1097, Svyatopolk, Vladimir, David Igorevich, Vasilko Rostislavovich, David Svyatoslavovich and his brother Oleg gathered in the city of Lyubech () for advice. According to Karamzin, the inspirer of this Lyubecht congress was the prince.

True, Oleg came to the congress more under duress than of his own free will.

When he was first called to a council in Kyiv, he promised to come with his brother, who reigned in Smolensk. And he himself, having recruited soldiers in Smolensk, headed to Murom, where Izyaslav Vladimirovich reigned. Prince Izyaslav died in the battle with Oleg. The townspeople accepted Oleg, who had ruled in Murom before. Inspired by the victory, Oleg headed to Suzdal. The people of Suzdal also surrendered to him. Then Oleg subjugated Rostov the Great.

Oleg conquered cities, enlisting the military support of the Polovtsians. Satisfied with his victories, he turned a blind eye to the atrocities committed by the wicked. This circumstance aroused hatred towards him, both from the people and from the princes. Oleg guessed about this and became cautious and distrustful.

Oleg had in his hands the son of the Polovsk prince Itlar. Svyatopolk and Vladimir demanded that Oleg kill the young man. But he considered this unnecessary bloodshed and refused.

In 1096, Svyatopolk and Vladimir again tried to summon Oleg to Kyiv. “Come to Kyiv, let’s put things in order about the Russian land before the bishops, abbots, the men of our fathers and the people of the city, so that later we can jointly defend the Russian land from the filthy.” Oleg ordered to answer: “I will not go to trial before bishops, abbots and smerds.”

Then Svyatopolk and Vladimir announced to Oleg: “You are not with us against the filthy,” they ordered him to tell him, “if you are not coming to us for advice, it means that you are thinking unkindly about us, and you want to help the filthy; let God judge us!”

The brothers decided to go to war against Oleg. Eventually, driven into a corner, Prince Oleg was forced to meet with his cousins and nephews.

And the princes said to each other: “Why are we destroying the Russian land, arranging strife among ourselves? And the Polovtsians are carrying our land differently and are glad that there are wars between us. Let us unite with one heart from now on and let us guard the Russian land, and let everyone own his homeland.” By mutual agreement, the Lyubech Congress of Russian Princes in 1097 decided:

Svyatopolk will own Kiev, the Izyaslav fatherland,
Vladimir Vsevolodovich, nicknamed Monomakh, inherited the estates of his father: Beloozero, Suzdal, Rostov, Smolensk, Pereslavl,
David Igorevich received Vladimir Volynsky,
Brothers Oleg, David and Yaroslav Svyatoslavovich got Chernigov, Murom,
Volodar remains to rule in Przemysl,
Vasilko Rostislavovich - in Terebovlya.

They sealed their decision by kissing the holy cross. At the same time, it was said: “If from now on anyone goes against anyone, we will all be against him and the cross will be honest.” They all said: “Let the honorable cross and the whole Russian land be against him.” Having thus decided among themselves, the princes went home.

The history of any country is full of ups and downs, times of peace and times of bloody wars, eras of culture and enlightenment, as well as Troubled Times, during which internecine wars unfolded for the right to lead the country. The end of the 11th and beginning of the 12th centuries is rightfully considered one of the eras of the Time of Troubles in Rus', when the personal ambitions of the heirs of Yaroslav the Wise and regular raids of nomads on the border territories greatly weakened the Russian state.

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The prerequisites for internecine wars were the staircase order of transfer of the throne, which consisted in the fact that power is transferred from brother to brother, and if the sons of Yaroslav the Wise were satisfied with everything, then his grandchildren were not satisfied with this state of affairs at all. The very division of the country into separate governorships did not bode well for the sons of Yaroslav the Wise.

In order to stop the bloodshed and devastation in 1097, a general gathering of the grand dukes was organized in the city of Lyubech.

The purpose of the Lyubech Congress and its participants

Lyubech was a developed city of that time, located on the banks of the Dnieper. This place was not chosen by chance. It was in Lyubech that the native lands of Vladimir Monomakh, the initiator of the congress, were located. The Lyubech Congress was convened in order to solve a number of problems, two of which (the internecine fratricidal war and the need for a unified army to confront external enemies) were especially acute.

Its participants were the direct descendants of Yaroslav the Wise, his grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Each of them will be discussed further in this article.

It should be understood that the gathering of princes in those days can be equated to a modern political forum and, in addition to the princes, the entire political elite of that time participated in it, although only the princes made decisions (unlike the Dolob Congress).

The main decisions of the Lyubech Congress of Princes:

Finally assign lands to each of the rulers.
Form a squad to fight common enemies.
Securing the right of inheritance from father to son.

Results of the Lyubech Congress

As a result, the disputed lands were divided between the participants. Agreements were also reached regarding the boundaries of the territories of influence, the basis was prepared for the formation of a unified army to resist foreign invaders, in particular, to resist the Polovtsians (the Polovtsians are a nomadic people of Turkic origin who were at war with Russia in those days).

The participants of the Lyubech Congress, as a sign of compliance with the decisions, kissed the cross and swore that they would not encroach on someone else’s land, and whoever encroaches and breaks the oath will be punished by the rest of the princes. Also at the congress, the principles of inheritance of divided lands from father to son were discussed and enshrined.

The political significance of the Lyubech Congress of Princes

Simply put, Rus' ceased to be a single state and broke up into several principalities, the decisions of which were made by a single ruler. Thus began the era of feudal fragmentation in Rus', it was of great importance and continued until the end of the 15th century, ending under Ivan III (Under whom the famous Code of Laws was adopted).

Subsequent events

Sadly, the peace between the princes did not last long. David Igorevich brought confusion into the relationship between Svyatopolk Izyaslavovich and Vasilko Rostislavich by sending a messenger to the former with a message about the impending capture of Kyiv by the latter. Svyatopolk, who believed the slander, called Vasilko to Kyiv, where he first took him into custody and then blinded him. Meanwhile, David Igorevich invaded the Terebovel principality (the estate of Vasilko Rostislavich) and captured the main fortress of Terebovel and nearby lands.

Having heard about the blatant violation of the oaths given by the princes, Vladimir Monomakh gathers an army and goes to Kyiv. Having besieged the city, Vladimir Monomakh seeks from Svyatopolk Izyaslavovich the release of Vasilko Rostislavich, as well as his consent to go on a joint campaign against David Igorevich. The internecine war broke out with renewed vigor and lasted until 1110.

At least two congresses are associated with this period:

Congress in Uvetichi. It took place in August 1110 near the city of Uvetichi. The goal is the example of princes and the trial of the apostate David Igorevich. He lost his principality, however, he was not executed; on the contrary, Svyatopolk gave him Dubna and Chertorizhsk to reign, and the Svyatoslavichs allocated a large sum of money. The wise decision of the princes made it possible to avoid a new round of bloody war and allowed the war to stop for a while.
Dolob Congress. The congress of princes, which took place in 1103 at Dolob Lake near Kyiv. A distinctive feature of this congress was that not only the grand dukes, but also representatives of the squad participated in the decisions. The Dolob congress made it possible to unite the squads and make several successful campaigns against the Polovtsians.

And although each congress called for unification and an end to strife and civil strife, the effectiveness of the agreements was quite low and, in the end, as we see from history, a stronger and more developed principality absorbed a smaller and weaker one until only one remained - Moscow, which again united Rus' together.

a congress of Russian princes, held in the city of Lyubech (on the Dnieper) with the goal of agreeing to end inter-princely feuds over inheritances and rallying against the Polovtsians who were ravaging Rus'. On L. s. (according to the Tale of Bygone Years) 6 princes were present. Svyatopolk Izyaslavich, as the eldest, was left Kyiv with Turov and Pinsk and the title of Grand Duke; Vladimir Monomakh - Pereyaslavl Principality, Suzdal-Rostov land, Smolensk and Beloozero; Oleg and David Svyatoslavich - Chernigov and Severskaya land, Ryazan, Murom and Tmutarakan; David Igorevich - Vladimir-Volynsky with Lutsk; Vasilko Rostislavich (with his brother) - Terebovl, Cherven, Przemysl. L.S. proclaimed the principle of princes inheriting the lands of their fathers. This decision stated the existence of a new political system in Rus', the basis of which was the established large feudal landownership. However, L. s. could not give real guarantees of the implementation of its decisions. Immediately after L. s. David Igorevich, with the consent of Svyatopolk, blinded Vasilko Rostislavich, which led to new wars between the princes.

Lit.: Grekov B.D., Kievan Rus, M., 1953; Rybakov B. A., The first centuries of Russian history, M., 1964.

G. S. Gorshkov.

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- ; pl. move out, R....
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- CONVENTION, husband. 1. see move in together. 2. A meeting of representatives of some. organizations, population groups. S. People's Deputies of Russia. S. Democratic Party. S. composers, filmmakers...
Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
- -A,...
Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
- -A,...
Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
- congress, husband. 1. units only Action under Ch. come together, come together. Large gathering of guests. 2. A meeting of representatives of a large public organization. The supreme body of the All-Union Communist Party is the Congress of the All-Union Communist Party. Charter of the All-Union Communist Party...
Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
- a, m. 1. Action according to the verb. move in. Basov arrived an hour before the guests began. Sayanov, Lena. || outdated Meeting of some kind groups of people, societies. The windows were heavily lit...
Small academic dictionary
- ...
Russian spelling dictionary
- Moving the roof. Jarg. they say Joking. Insanity, a state close to madness. FL, 43-44; Mokienko 2003, 116...
Large dictionary of Russian sayings
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Word forms
- Cm....
Synonym dictionary

"Lubech Congress 1097" in books

1097

From the book Life after Pushkin. Natalya Nikolaevna and her descendants [with illustrations] author Rozhnova Tatyana Mikhailovna

1097 IRL. Archive of Marcoutier. F. 246. No. 35.

CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE Discord in the AKP. - “Right”, “left” and “left center”. - A.F. Kerensky. - The departure of the Kadet ministers and the Kornilov conspiracy. Democratic Conference. - October. - Fourth Congress of the AKP. - Breakaway of the “left s. - r-ov". - All-Russian Congress of Peasants' Deputies. - Petrograd Soviet and

From the book Before the Storm author Chernov Viktor Mikhailovich

CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE Discord in the AKP. - “Right”, “left” and “left center”. - A.F. Kerensky. - The departure of the Kadet ministers and the Kornilov conspiracy. Democratic Conference. - October. - Fourth Congress of the AKP. - Breakaway of the “left s. - r-ov". - All-Russian Congress of Peasants

Chapter 42. The Irkutsk Social Revolutionaries are developing energetic propaganda and agitation. The vigorous activity of the Committee for Assistance to Amnestied Persons. The Social Revolutionaries convene a peasant congress. The role of P.D. Yakovlev at this congress. May Congress of the Socialist Party - revolutionaries in Moscow. My Petrograd impressions. Demolition work is great

From the book Pages of My Life author Krol Moisey Aaronovich

Chapter 42. The Irkutsk Social Revolutionaries are developing energetic propaganda and agitation. The vigorous activity of the Committee for Assistance to Amnestied Persons. The Social Revolutionaries convene a peasant congress. The role of P.D. Yakovlev at this congress. May Congress of the Socialist Party - revolutionaries in Moscow. My Petrograd

From the book Double Conspiracy. Stalin and Hitler: Failed Putschs author

“Congress of the Winners”, also known as the “Congress of the Executed”

From the book Double Conspiracy. Secrets of Stalin's repressions author Prudnikova Elena Anatolyevna

1097 – Lyubech Congress

From the author's book

“Congress of the Winners”, also known as the “Congress of the Executed”

From the book The Rise and Fall of “Red Bonaparte.” The tragic fate of Marshal Tukhachevsky author Prudnikova Elena Anatolyevna

Lyubech Congress of Princes 1097

From the book Pre-Mongol Rus' in chronicles of the V-XIII centuries. author Gudz-Markov Alexey Viktorovich

Lyubech Congress of Princes 1097 The year 1097 came. It was a significant year for Russian history. The events of 1096 convinced the Yaroslavovichs of the need to move in together and settle down. Lyubech, which stood at the junction of Kyiv, Chernigov and Smolensk lands, was chosen as the venue for the congress. According to the lift

LYUBECH CONGRESS

From the book 500 famous historical events author Karnatsevich Vladislav Leonidovich

LYUBECH CONGRESS Before his death, Yaroslav the Wise divided the Russian land between his sons, thereby marking the beginning of feudal fragmentation. Yaroslav gave Kyiv and Novgorod to the eldest son Izyaslav, Chernigov to the second son Svyatoslav, Pereyaslavl to the third - Vsevolod

1097 Lyubech Congress of Princes

From the book Chronology of Russian history. Russia and the world author Anisimov Evgeniy Viktorovich

author Commission of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks

33. CONGRESS OF LUBECH IN 1097

From the book Reader on the History of the USSR. Volume 1. author author unknown

3. First results of the NEP. XI Party Congress. Formation of the USSR. Lenin's illness. Lenin's cooperative plan. XII Party Congress.

From the book A Short Course in the History of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) author Commission of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks

2. XX CONGRESS OF THE CPSU. STRENGTHENING AND DEVELOPMENT OF LENINIST NORMS OF PARTY AND STATE LIFE. XIX CONGRESS OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF UKRAINE

From the book History of the Ukrainian SSR in ten volumes. Volume nine author Team of authors

Lyubech Congress 1097

From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (LU) by the author TSB