Where the bronze bust of Marshal Konev was installed. Biography of Marshal I. Konev. National memorial complex "The Height of Marshal I. Marshal I. S. Konev had

The administration of the sixth district of Prague made its decision to install three plaques on the monument to the Soviet military leader - in Czech, Russian and English - on the eve of the 120th anniversary of the birth of the marshal, born on December 19 (28), 1897.

The mayor of the Prague 6 district, Ondřej Kolář, in an interview with the Russian Service of Radio Prague, said that at their meeting, members of the municipal council approved the following text: “Marshal Ivan Stepanovich Konev commanded the 1st Ukrainian Front, whose units took part in the decisive attack on Berlin and the liberation of the northern, central and eastern parts of the Czech Republic, and were also the first to enter Prague on May 9, 1945. In the fall of 1956, Marshal Konev commanded the bloody suppression of the Hungarian uprising by the Soviet army, and in 1961 in Berlin, as commander of a group of Soviet troops, he participated in the outbreak of the so-called Second Berlin Crisis and the construction of the Berlin Wall. In the summer of 1968, Marshal Konev personally supervised the reconnaissance work before the invasion of Czechoslovakia by Warsaw Pact troops.”

Information boards on the monument should appear before the end of June 2018 - by this time the general restoration of the monument to Ivan Konev will be completed. The district administration intends to invest about 650 thousand crowns (more than 25 thousand euros) in restoration and repair work.

Representatives of the Communist Party of the Czech Republic and Moravia do not like the municipality's plans.

Member of the municipal council of the Prague 6 district and the Prague city council from the Communist Party, Ivan Gruz, in an interview with Radio Prague, said that not all voting participants supported the installation of signs - out of 45 council members, 29 people voted in favor. At the same time, as Ivan Gruza emphasized, only two openly expressed categorical disagreement with this project.

Ivan Gruza considers the placement of signs on the Konev monument “an insult to the memory of the victims suffered by the Red Army during the liberation of Europe.” Therefore, a member of the Communist Party is sure, they should not be there.

“If we conducted an “audit” of the biographies of all those people to whom monuments were erected in Prague, we would learn many interesting facts about them. However, no one wants to do this, and this idea concerns only one single monument. The initiative comes from former members of the TOP-09 party, who are today supported by another right-wing party - the Civic Democrats.

“First the tank was painted pink, and then it disappeared.”

The board that it was decided to place there distracts attention from the essence of the monument itself. This monument was erected to the liberator, the representative of the Red Army, the commander of the 1st Ukrainian Front, whose units liberated Czechoslovakia and Prague. I will also allow myself to remind you of the more than 140 thousand Red Army soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the sake of our freedom. Now they should disappear from the memory of Prague residents? All this is just a continuation of what began shortly after 1989. Then the monument to the Red Army soldiers, erected in the Smichov district of Prague, was repainted pink. Tank No. 23 stood there, symbolizing the entry of the Red Army into Prague on May 9, 1945. This tank was soon removed,”– reminds the representative of the Communist Party Ivan Gruz.

Bronze Konev will remain in place

The mayor of the Prague 6 district, Ondřej Kolář, from the TOP-09 party, refutes suspicions of an intention to remove the monument to the Soviet Marshal, which currently stands on the Interbrigade Square.

“The Communist Party of the Czech Republic and Moravia, a descendant of the deceased Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, is trying to form an opinion in society that I and my colleagues from the Prague 6 district administration are striving to “rewrite history by removing the monument to Marshal Konev” or are somehow belittling its significance.

“It is necessary for people to know all the pages of the history of the twentieth century”

I never wanted to remove the monument to Marshal Konev. If this had to be done, then no later than 1990, when revolutionary sentiments were strong in society. It was then that the monument to Lenin was removed from Victory Square (Vítězné nám.). Monuments to Konev and Lenin stood almost next to each other - Interbrigade Square is located a kilometer from Victory Square.

However, I believe that the person to whom this monument was erected, whether we like it or not, is an inseparable part of Czech history. He commanded the 1st Ukrainian Front, parts of which took part in the liberation of the Czechoslovak Republic, or rather the protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. No one can take this away, it happened, it’s a given. That is why I said that this monument should remain here, however... Since the monument suffers from historical inaccuracy - it states that “Marshal Konev saved Prague from destruction” - we must supplement the monument with information boards that will provide historical facts that will allow passers-by to draw their own conclusions about who Marshal Konev really was . It is necessary for people to know about all the intertwining of historical events in the 20th century, when in the blink of an eye allies became enemies, and liberators became occupiers, and other similar historical contradictions that also took place,”– the head of the Prague 6 district, Ondřej Kolář, is confident.

“The biographies of Churchill and Masaryk also have dark sides”

Member of the Prague 6 municipal council Ivan Gruza does not believe the words of the district head: “Mr. Headman today claims that everything that is happening does not concern the future fate of the monument, that he decided to leave it in its place. The approach to the issue of the monument to Konev is individual, specific, tendentious. I would like to remind you that placing additional information plaques on monuments is not something that happens as a matter of course. In Prague, for example, there are monuments to Churchill and Masaryk. The biographies of these people also have something to pay attention to.

Churchill, for example, held on to Britain's colonial possessions by force. At the end of World War II he supported the bombing of Dresden. He was indifferent to the fate of the 2.5 million Bengalis who died in the 40s.

Or consider Masaryk, the first Czechoslovak president and supreme commander. Under him, they shot at people who went on strike, wanting a better life, since they did not have work. The gendarmes also shot at children. However, you will not find an additional information board anywhere on the Churchill or Masaryk monuments.

“I repeat that everything that is happening is tendentious, and this is just a stage on the way to achieving one single goal - to ensure the disappearance of the monument to Marshal Konev from public space,”– says a representative of the parliamentary Communist Party.

Let's return to the mayor of Prague 6, Ondřej Kolář. Were there ever any plans to remove the monument to Marshal Ivan Konev?

“Plans to change the monument to Konev have existed for a long time”

“To answer this question, I need to dive deeper into history. In 1992 or 1993, the district Culture Commission discussed a similar topic, as we do today. They were considering the future fate of the monument - should it be removed or left in place? The deputy headwoman, Mrs. Frankenberg, formed a group of historians and other specialists who were supposed to discuss everything. The answer was unequivocal - the monument should be preserved, but the inscription on it must be changed, since the current text does not correspond to reality. The implementation of the plan, however, was postponed for some time, although a text had already been developed for discussion in the district council.

People started talking about the monument to Marshal Konev again in 2009–10, when plans for the general reconstruction of the International Brigade Square were ready. There were supposed to be underground garages there. Changes had to be made to the monument as well. It was supposed to become less pompous, the pedestal was supposed to be reduced, and the entire monument was supposed to be moved a little further from the Avenue of the Yugoslav Partisans.

The project was discussed with the Embassy of the Russian Federation. The ambassador supported him, emphasizing only that there should be room at the monument for laying flowers and wreaths. The administration naturally agreed. These plans also turned out to be frozen.

The next time they started talking about Konev was in 2014 in connection with the preparations for celebrating the anniversary of the end of World War II. Then several people spoke at the municipal council, saying that the monument “is a disgrace” and calling for its removal. It was then that we stated that the appropriate moment to remove the monument had already been missed and proposed placing information boards on it. The Russian embassy then accused us of “trying to rewrite history.”

Well, this year, since the project for the reconstruction of the monument is almost ready, we again turned to the Russian Embassy with this information and explanations that our actions are not at all connected with the desire to rewrite history and offer its alternative interpretation.

Donate a sculpture of Konev to the Russian embassy?

However, the letter also said that if the Russian representative office prevents us from implementing projects that are within the competence of the self-government body, and in the case of repairing a monument owned by the district, this is exactly the case, then we will be forced to look for other options, like with the monument make do. One of these options, although controversial, is to transfer the statue of Marshal Konev as a gift to the Embassy of the Russian Federation, which will prevent its damage. And this happens almost every day.”

According to the mayor of the sixth Prague district, Ondřej Kolář, the Russian diplomatic mission, by the time the interview was recorded, had not responded to the mentioned letter.

Same approach

In connection with the decision to place information boards on the monument to Soviet Marshal Ivan Konev, the question arises - why not, in this case, add similar plaques to all monuments erected in the country?

We again give the floor to Ivan Gruz, a member of the Municipal Council of Prague 6 from the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia: “If such a decision were supported by the majority, and the question was about adding information boards to a variety of monuments, then this option would be acceptable. However, this is not currently discussed. Now we are talking about an isolated case, with a specific approach to the problem.

This situation was created by part of the representatives of the right-wing political spectrum. Unfortunately, some council members missed the point. They think that this is only about additional information that needs to be provided to citizens, which is why they joined the ranks of those who supported the mentioned decision. However, we are not talking about a 100% majority here.”

Ondřej Kolář takes a slightly different position: “They gave me the example of Winston Churchill. Why, they say, don’t we want to add an information board to his monument, because he did not only good deeds. The death of 3,000 Bengalis is cited as an example. The death of the Bengalis is a terrible episode in history, but it has nothing to do with the history of Czechoslovakia. As far as I know, Churchill has nothing to do with any of the cases of the occupation of Czechoslovakia. In this he differs from Marshal Konev, who in 1968 conducted reconnaissance preparations before the invasion of the Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia.

The key condition is the connection of the historical figure with Czech history

My answer is yes, supplement the monuments with information that will clarify who this person was. However, such people who have a monument with additional information boards should have a connection with the history of the Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia, and if there is no such connection, let the biographies of such people be studied in history lessons. As for Marshal Konev, his connection with Czechoslovak history is very expressive. Unfortunately, both positive and negative.”

28.12.1897 - 21.05.1973
Twice Hero of the Soviet Union

Monuments

		In Moscow on Red Square
		Memorial plaque in Moscow
		Annotation board in Irkutsk
		Monument in Vologda
		Annotation board in Vologda
		Memorial plaque in Nizhny Novgorod
		Annotation board in Kharkov
		Memorial plaque in Kharkov
		Bust at home
		House-museum
		Monument in Kirov
		Monument in Belgorod
		Monument in Moscow
		Monument in Prague (1)
		Monument in Prague (2)
		Monument in Svidnik
		Height of Marshal Konev
		Marshal Konev's height (2)
		Marshal Konev's height (3)
		Bust at home (2)
		House Museum (2)
		Annotation board in Tver
		Bust in Belgorod
		Alley of Heroes in Korsun-Shevchenkovsky
		Bust in a museum in Moscow
		Annotation board in Moscow
		The ship "Marshal Konev"

TO Onev Ivan Stepanovich - Soviet commander, commander of the 1st Ukrainian Front, Marshal of the Soviet Union.
Born on December 16 (28), 1897 in the village of Lodeino, Nikolsky district, Vologda province (now Podosinovsky district, Kirov region) in a peasant family. Russian. He graduated from the Zemstvo School in the neighboring village of Pushma in 1912. From the age of 12 he worked as a timber raftsman and as a laborer at the timber exchange.
In the spring of 1916 he was drafted into the Russian Imperial Army. Participant of the 1st World War. He served in the 2nd Heavy Artillery Brigade (Moscow), then graduated from the artillery training team. In 1917, a junior fireworksman of the 2nd separate artillery division, non-commissioned officer Konev, was sent to the Southwestern Front and participated in the unsuccessful July offensive of the Russian army. Participant of the February Revolution of 1917 in Moscow and the October Revolution of 1917 in Kyiv. Demobilized in December 1917, he returned to his native village.
In February 1918, Ivan Konev was elected district military commissar in the city of Nikolsk, Vologda province, and was also chairman of the district committee of the RCP (b) and commander of the district revolutionary volunteer detachment. As a delegate to the Fifth All-Russian Congress of Soviets, on July 5-6, 1918, he participated in the suppression of the uprising of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in Moscow. Member of the RCP(b)/CPSU since 1918.
In the second half of 1918, he achieved enrollment in the Red Army. He was the commander of a marching company on the Eastern Front (Solvychegodsk, Vyatka), commander of a reserve artillery battery, military commissar of armored train No. 102 in the 3rd and 5th armies on the Eastern Front. Together with the crew of the armored train, he went through the battle route from Perm to Chita, taking part in many military operations of the Red Army against the troops of Admiral A.V. Kolchak, Ataman G. Semenov, General Diterichs and the Japanese interventionists. Since 1921 - military commissar of the 5th Rifle Brigade in the 2nd Verkhneudinsk Rifle Division, military commissar of this division, military commissar of the headquarters of the People's Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic.
After the end of the Civil War in the Far East - from December 1922 - military commissar of the 17th Primorsky Rifle Corps. Since August 1924 - commissar and head of the political department of the 17th Nizhny Novgorod Rifle Division. Graduated from the advanced training courses for senior command personnel at the Military Academy of the Red Army named after M.V. Frunze in 1926. Since 1926 - commander of the 50th Red Banner Rifle Regiment in the 17th Nizhny Novgorod Rifle Division. In January - March 1930 - commandant of the city of Moscow. Since March 1930 - assistant commander of the 17th Infantry Division.
Graduated from the Military Academy of the Red Army named after M.V. Frunze in 1934. Since December 1934 - commander and military commissar of the 37th Infantry Division in the Belarusian Military District, since November 1936 - of the 2nd Belarusian Infantry Division in this district. In July 1937, he was appointed senior adviser to the Mongolian People's Army, and when, in early 1938, Soviet troops in Mongolia were united into the 57th Special Rifle Corps, Konev was appointed its commander. Since July 1938 - commander of the 2nd Red Banner Army, stationed in the Far East (headquarters in Khabarovsk). From June 1940 he commanded the troops of the Trans-Baikal Military District, and from January 13, 1941 - the North Caucasus Military District.
The Great Patriotic War, Lieutenant General I.S. Konev began as commander of the 19th Army (appointed June 13, 1941) on the Southwestern and Western fronts. He commanded the troops of the Western Front (09/10/1941-10/10/1941), where he suffered a severe defeat at Vyazma. Konev was saved from trial and execution by Zhukov, who contributed to the appointment of Konev as deputy commander of the Western Front (October 10-17, 1941). As commander of the Kalinin Front (10/17/1941-08/26/1942), Konev successfully acted during the counter-offensive near Moscow. From August 26, 1942 to February 27, 1943, again commander of the Western Front, he participated in the notorious Operation Mars and unsuccessfully carried out the Zhizdra operation, for which he was removed from his post as front commander for the second time.
Commanded the troops of the Northwestern Front (03/14/1943-06/22/1943), the Steppe Military District (06/22/1943-07/9/1943). In the Battle of Kursk, the troops of the Steppe Front under General Konev (commander since July 9, 1943) liberated Belgorod and Kharkov. At the first stage of the battle for the Dnieper, the front armies in September 1943 fought over 200 kilometers, liberated Poltava and crossed the Dnieper in sections from Kremenchug to Dnepropetrovsk. Since October 20, 1943, Konev has been the commander of the 2nd Ukrainian Front. At the head of his troops, he carried out the Lower Dnieper, Korsun-Shevchenko, Kirovograd, and Uman-Botoshan offensive operations. On March 26, 1944, the troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front were the first to reach the state border of the USSR.
From May 16, 1944 until the end of the war - commander of the 1st Ukrainian Front. In July-August, they defeated the Army Group “Northern Ukraine” of Field Marshal E. von Manstein in the Lvov-Sandomierz operation and captured the Sandomierz bridgehead, which became one of the springboards for the attack on Nazi Germany.
U Kazarov of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 29, 1944 for skillful leadership of front troops in major operations in which strong enemy groups were defeated, personal courage and heroism to the Marshal of the Soviet Union Konev Ivan Stepanovich awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.
In the fall of 1944, the front carried out the Carpathian-Dukla operation, entering the territory of Czechoslovakia. In January 1945, front troops during the Vistula-Oder operation, as a result of a swift strike and a flanking maneuver, prevented the retreating enemy from destroying the industry of Silesia, which was of great economic importance for friendly Poland. Then there were the Lower Silesian and Upper Silesian operations, the brilliant actions of the front troops in the Berlin operation and the final chord of the war in Europe - the Prague operation.
U By the Kazakh Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 1, 1945, the Marshal of the Soviet Union was awarded the second Gold Star medal.
After the war, on June 10, 1945, Marshal Konev was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Central Group of Forces and High Commissioner for Austria. From July 1946 to March 1950 I.S. Konev - Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces and Deputy Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR. From March 1950 to November 1951 - Chief Inspector of the Soviet Army - Deputy Minister of War of the USSR. From November 1951 to March 1955 - commander of the Carpathian Military District. From May 1956 to June 1960 - 1st Deputy Minister of Defense - Commander-in-Chief of the United Armed Forces of the Warsaw Pact member states. From June 1960 to August 1961 - Inspector General of the Group of Inspectors General of the USSR Ministry of Defense. However, due to the outbreak of the Berlin crisis in August 1961, he was recalled from this honorable but decorative position and appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. Since April 1962 - again inspector general of the Group of Inspectors General of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee (03/21/1939-10/5/1952), member of the CPSU Central Committee (10/14/1952-05/21/1973). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1st-8th convocations (1937-1973).
Military ranks:
division commander (11/26/1935);
corps commander (02/22/1938);
Army commander 2nd rank (02/08/1939);
Lieutenant General (06/04/1940);
Colonel General (09/11/1941);
General of the Army (08/26/1943);
Marshal of the Soviet Union (02/20/1944).
Awarded the Order of Victory (30.03.1945 - No. 5), seven orders of Lenin (29.07.1944, 21.02.1945, 27.12.1947, 18.12.1956, 27.12.1957, 27.12.1967, 27.12.1972), the Order of Brysk Revolution (02/22/1968), three Orders of the Red Banner (02/22/1938, 11/3/1944, 06/20/1949), two Orders of Suvorov 1st degree (08/27/1943, 05/17/1944), two Orders of Kutuzov 1st degree (9.04 .1943, 07/28/1943), Order of the Red Star (08/16/1936).
Awarded Soviet medals: “XX years of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army” (02/22/1938), “For the defense of Moscow” (05/1/1944), “For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” (1945), “For the capture of Berlin” (06/9/1945), “For the liberation of Prague” (06/9/1945), “In memory of the 800th anniversary of Moscow” (09/21/1947), “30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy” (22.02 .1948), “40 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR” (02/17/1958), “Twenty years of victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” (1965), “50 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR” (1968), “For military valor. In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1970).
Awarded an Honorary Weapon with a gold image of the State Emblem of the USSR (02/22/1968).
Hero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (04/30/1970). Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (05/07/1971). Awarded foreign orders “For Services to the Fatherland” in silver (GDR); "Cross of Grunwald" 1st class (Poland); “For Military Valor” (Virtuti Militari) 1st class (Poland, 02/3/1945); "Renaissance of Poland" 1st class (Poland); two orders of Sukhbaatar (1961, 05/07/1971, Mongolia); Order of the Red Banner of Battle (Mongolia); Order of the Partisan Star, 1st degree (SFRY); Order of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, 1st degree (NRB); Order of Klement Gottwald (Czechoslovakia, 1970); star and badge of the Order of the White Lion, 1st degree (Czechoslovakia, 1969); Order of the White Lion "For Victory" 1st degree (Czechoslovakia); Military Cross 1939 (Czechoslovakia); Order of Hungarian Freedom (Hungary); Order of the Hungarian People's Republic (Hungary); star and badge of the Commander of the Order of the Bath (Great Britain); Order of the Legion of Honor 2nd class (France); Military Cross (France); Order of the Legion of Honor, Commander degree (USA); medal "Sino-Soviet Friendship" (PRC), medals of other countries.
Bronze bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union I.S. Konev was installed in his homeland. On October 22, 1977, a house museum was opened in the marshal’s native village. Monuments to Konev were erected in Moscow, Belgorod, Vologda, Prague (Czech Republic), Svidnik (Slovakia). A monument to Marshal Konev was erected in Krakow (Poland), but in 1991 it was dismantled, transported to Russia and installed in the city of Kirov. Memorial plaques were unveiled in Nizhny Novgorod and Omsk. His name was given to the Alma-Ata Higher Combined Arms Command School and the MMF vessel. Streets in Moscow, Donetsk, Slavyansk, Kharkov, Cherkassy, Kirovograd, Kyiv, Belgorod, Barnaul, Vologda, Omsk, Irkutsk, Smolensk, Tver, Prague (Czech Republic), a street and square in Kirov, a microdistrict in Stary Oskol are named after Konev.
Essays:
Forty-fifth. 2nd ed. M., 1970
Notes of the front commander, 1943-1945. 4th ed. M., 1985, etc.

Tomorrow, November 24, marks exactly 60 years since the grand opening of a monument in the village of Lodeyno - a bronze bust of our great fellow countryman, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Marshal.
The bust was installed according to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 1, 1945 on awarding the commander the second Gold Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union and the construction of a bronze bust with the image of the awardee and installing it on a pedestal in the homeland of the awardee.
This is how this historical event is described in the regional newspaper “Banner of the Collective Farm” No. 62 dated December 29, 1950:

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“December 24 in the village. Lodeyno Shchetkinsky village council in a solemn ceremony held the opening of the bust of our glorious fellow countryman twice hero of the Soviet Union I.S. Koneva.
At least 700 people came to the celebration, incl. representatives of the city of Kirov and adjacent districts: Lalsky, Oparinsky, Murashinsky.
The meeting was opened by Executive Committee of the District Council Comrade Filev (Arkady Aleksandrovich - author's note).
The first word on behalf of the regional committee of the RCP (b) and the regional executive committee was taken by the deputy. Prev. executive committee comrade Mazin, who, after a short speech characterizing the general political significance of the celebration, cut the cord of the drapery covering the bust.
The eyes of those present were presented with a majestic sculptural portrait of the glorious commander, installed on a granite pedestal (sculptor E.V. Vuchetich).
Following this, secretaries made speeches. District Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Ya.F. Chebykin (in 1943, I.S. Konev personally presented Ya.F. Chebykin with the medal “For Military Merit” on the North-Western Front, recognized him as a fellow countryman and talked with him), secretary of the Komsomol district committee A.N. Kuznetsovsky, representative of the region’s pioneers Natasha Kossova, etc.
In conclusion, the head spoke. MTF of the collective farm “Druzhba” F.V. Sinitsyn, who personally knows Marshal, shared interesting touches from his biography.
At the meeting, a telegram from twice Hero of the Soviet Union I.S. was read out. Konev and sent him a welcoming telegram on behalf of all those present...”
For 60 years, a bust of the great commander has stood on the territory of the Memorial House-Museum of I.S. Konev”, but this did not make him any less majestic and significant. A beautiful garden of apple trees and larch trees, planted in the seventies, grew around the monument, a paved area and a cast-iron fence appeared around it.
Without any doubt, a monument of federal significance is a bronze bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Marshal I.S. Konevu is one of the main attractions of our area, of which we have the right to be proud and proud. It must be said that only I.S. Konev’s bust and his home, which was turned into a memorial museum, were preserved in his homeland and were not moved anywhere.
Only over the past 30 years in the “Memorial House-Museum of I.S. Konev" was visited by over 100 thousand people. And now the memory of our great fellow countryman attracts people to his homeland in the village of Lodeyno. Regular visitors to the museum are students from area schools and members of military-patriotic clubs. Buses arrive with visitors from the Luzsky district, from V-Ustyug, from Nikolsk and Kichmengsky Gorodok. Many residents of the area bring their guests to see the monument and visit the memorial museum. And everyone, without exception, takes with them only positive and enthusiastic impressions of touching their native history and the memory of the great commander.
N.V. Shutikhin Director of the I.S. Konev Museum House

11/19 (12/1). 1896—06/18/1974
Great commander
Marshal of the Soviet Union,
Minister of Defense of the USSR

Born in the village of Strelkovka near Kaluga in a peasant family. Furrier. In the army since 1915. Participated in the First World War, a junior non-commissioned officer in the cavalry. In the battles he was seriously shell-shocked and awarded 2 Crosses of St. George.

Since August 1918 in the Red Army. During the Civil War he fought against the Ural Cossacks near Tsaritsyn, fought with the troops of Denikin and Wrangel, took part in the suppression of the Antonov uprising in the Tambov region, was wounded, and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. After the Civil War, he commanded a regiment, brigade, division, and corps. In the summer of 1939, he carried out a successful encirclement operation and defeated a group of Japanese troops under General. Kamatsubara on the Khalkhin Gol River. G. K. Zhukov received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of the Red Banner of the Mongolian People's Republic.

During the Great Patriotic War (1941 - 1945) he was a member of the Headquarters, Deputy Supreme Commander-in-Chief, and commanded the fronts (pseudonyms: Konstantinov, Yuryev, Zharov). He was the first to be awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union during the war (01/18/1943). Under the command of G.K. Zhukov, troops of the Leningrad Front, together with the Baltic Fleet, stopped the advance of Army Group North of Field Marshal F.W. von Leeb on Leningrad in September 1941. Under his command, the troops of the Western Front defeated the troops of Army Group Center under Field Marshal F. von Bock near Moscow and dispelled the myth of the invincibility of the Nazi army. Then Zhukov coordinated the actions of the fronts near Stalingrad (Operation Uranus - 1942), in Operation Iskra during the breakthrough of the Leningrad blockade (1943), in the Battle of Kursk (summer 1943), where Hitler’s plan was thwarted. Citadel" and the troops of Field Marshals Kluge and Manstein were defeated. The name of Marshal Zhukov is also associated with victories near Korsun-Shevchenkovsky and the liberation of Right Bank Ukraine; Operation Bagration (in Belarus), where the Vaterland Line was broken and Army Group Center of Field Marshals E. von Busch and W. von Model was defeated. At the final stage of the war, the 1st Belorussian Front, led by Marshal Zhukov, took Warsaw (01/17/1945), defeated Army Group “A” of General von Harpe and Field Marshal F. Scherner with a dissecting blow in the Vistula-Oder operation and victoriously ended the war with a grandiose Berlin operation. Together with the soldiers, the marshal signed the scorched wall of the Reichstag, over the broken dome of which the Victory banner fluttered. On May 8, 1945, in Karlshorst (Berlin), the commander accepted the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany from Hitler’s Field Marshal W. von Keitel. General D. Eisenhower presented G. K. Zhukov with the highest military order of the United States “Legion of Honor”, the degree of Commander-in-Chief (06/5/1945). Later in Berlin at the Brandenburg Gate, the British Field Marshal Montgomery placed on him the Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, 1st Class, with star and crimson ribbon. On June 24, 1945, Marshal Zhukov hosted the triumphal Victory Parade in Moscow.

In 1955-1957 “Marshal of Victory” was the Minister of Defense of the USSR.

American military historian Martin Kayden says: “Zhukov was the commander of commanders in the conduct of war by mass armies of the twentieth century. He inflicted more casualties on the Germans than any other military leader. He was a "miracle marshal". Before us is a military genius."

He wrote the memoirs “Memories and Reflections.”

Marshal G.K. Zhukov had:

4 Gold Stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union (08/29/1939, 07/29/1944, 06/1/1945, 12/1/1956),
6 Orders of Lenin,
2 Orders of Victory (including No. 1 - 04/11/1944, 03/30/1945),
order of the October Revolution,
3 Orders of the Red Banner,
2 Orders of Suvorov, 1st degree (including No. 1), a total of 14 orders and 16 medals;
honorary weapon - a personalized saber with the golden Coat of Arms of the USSR (1968);
Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (1969); Order of the Tuvan Republic;
17 foreign orders and 10 medals, etc.

A bronze bust and monuments were erected to Zhukov. He was buried on Red Square near the Kremlin wall.
In 1995, a monument to Zhukov was erected on Manezhnaya Square in Moscow.

Vasilevsky Alexander Mikhailovich

18(30).09.1895—5.12.1977
Marshal of the Soviet Union,
Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR

Born in the village of Novaya Golchikha near Kineshma on the Volga. Son of a priest. He studied at the Kostroma Theological Seminary. In 1915, he completed courses at the Alexander Military School and, with the rank of ensign, was sent to the front of the First World War (1914-1918). Staff captain of the tsarist army. Having joined the Red Army during the Civil War of 1918-1920, he commanded a company, battalion, and regiment. In 1937 he graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff. From 1940 he served in the General Staff, where he was caught up in the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). In June 1942, he became the Chief of the General Staff, replacing Marshal B. M. Shaposhnikov in this post due to illness. Of the 34 months of his tenure as Chief of the General Staff, A. M. Vasilevsky spent 22 directly at the front (pseudonyms: Mikhailov, Alexandrov, Vladimirov). He was wounded and shell-shocked. Over the course of a year and a half, he rose from major general to Marshal of the Soviet Union (02/19/1943) and, together with Mr. K. Zhukov, became the first holder of the Order of Victory. Under his leadership, the largest operations of the Soviet Armed Forces were developed. A. M. Vasilevsky coordinated the actions of the fronts: in the Battle of Stalingrad (Operation Uranus, Little Saturn), near Kursk (Operation Commander Rumyantsev), during the liberation of Donbass (Operation Don "), in the Crimea and during the capture of Sevastopol, in the battles in Right Bank Ukraine; in the Belarusian Operation Bagration.

After the death of General I.D. Chernyakhovsky, he commanded the 3rd Belorussian Front in the East Prussian operation, which ended with the famous “star” assault on Koenigsberg.

On the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, Soviet commander A. M. Vasilevsky smashed Nazi field marshals and generals F. von Bock, G. Guderian, F. Paulus, E. Manstein, E. Kleist, Eneke, E. von Busch, W. von Model, F. Scherner, von Weichs, etc.

In June 1945, the marshal was appointed Commander-in-Chief of Soviet troops in the Far East (pseudonym Vasiliev). For the quick defeat of the Japanese Kwantung Army under General O. Yamada in Manchuria, the commander received a second Gold Star. After the war, from 1946 - Chief of the General Staff; in 1949-1953 - Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR.
A. M. Vasilevsky is the author of the memoir “The Work of a Whole Life.”

Marshal A. M. Vasilevsky had:

2 Gold Stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union (07/29/1944, 09/08/1945),
8 Orders of Lenin,
2 orders of "Victory" (including No. 2 - 01/10/1944, 04/19/1945),
order of the October Revolution,
2 Orders of the Red Banner,
Order of Suvorov 1st degree,
Order of the Red Star,
Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" 3rd degree,
a total of 16 orders and 14 medals;
honorary personal weapon - saber with the golden Coat of Arms of the USSR (1968),
28 foreign awards (including 18 foreign orders).

The urn with the ashes of A. M. Vasilevsky was buried on Red Square in Moscow near the Kremlin wall next to the ashes of G. K. Zhukov. A bronze bust of the marshal was installed in Kineshma.

Konev Ivan Stepanovich

16(28).12.1897—27.06.1973
Marshal of the Soviet Union

Born in the Vologda region in the village of Lodeyno in a peasant family. In 1916 he was drafted into the army. Upon completion of the training team, junior non-commissioned officer Art. division is sent to the Southwestern Front. Having joined the Red Army in 1918, he took part in battles against the troops of Admiral Kolchak, Ataman Semenov, and the Japanese. Commissioner of the armored train "Grozny", then brigades, divisions. In 1921 he took part in the storming of Kronstadt. Graduated from the Academy. Frunze (1934), commanded a regiment, division, corps, and the 2nd Separate Red Banner Far Eastern Army (1938-1940).

During the Great Patriotic War he commanded the army and fronts (pseudonyms: Stepin, Kyiv). Participated in the battles of Smolensk and Kalinin (1941), in the battle of Moscow (1941-1942). During the Battle of Kursk, together with the troops of General N.F. Vatutin, he defeated the enemy on the Belgorod-Kharkov bridgehead - a German bastion in Ukraine. On August 5, 1943, Konev’s troops took the city of Belgorod, in honor of which Moscow gave its first fireworks, and on August 24, Kharkov was taken. This was followed by the breakthrough of the “Eastern Wall” on the Dnieper.

In 1944, near Korsun-Shevchenkovsky, the Germans set up “New (small) Stalingrad” - 10 divisions and 1 brigade of General V. Stemmeran, who fell on the battlefield, were surrounded and destroyed. I. S. Konev was awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union (02/20/1944), and on March 26, 1944, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front were the first to reach the state border. In July-August they defeated the Army Group “Northern Ukraine” of Field Marshal E. von Manstein in the Lvov-Sandomierz operation. The name of Marshal Konev, nicknamed “the forward general,” is associated with brilliant victories at the final stage of the war - in the Vistula-Oder, Berlin and Prague operations. During the Berlin operation, his troops reached the river. Elbe near Torgau and met with the American troops of General O. Bradley (04/25/1945). On May 9, the defeat of Field Marshal Scherner near Prague ended. The highest orders of the “White Lion” 1st class and the “Czechoslovak War Cross of 1939” were a reward to the marshal for the liberation of the Czech capital. Moscow saluted the troops of I. S. Konev 57 times.

In the post-war period, the marshal was the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces (1946-1950; 1955-1956), the first Commander-in-Chief of the United Armed Forces of the Warsaw Pact member states (1956-1960).

Marshal I. S. Konev - twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1970), Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (1971). A bronze bust was installed in his homeland in the village of Lodeyno.

He wrote memoirs: “Forty-fifth” and “Notes of the Front Commander.”

Marshal I. S. Konev had:

two Gold Stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union (07/29/1944, 06/1/1945),
7 Orders of Lenin,
order of the October Revolution,
3 Orders of the Red Banner,
2 Orders of Kutuzov 1st degree,
Order of the Red Star,
a total of 17 orders and 10 medals;
honorary personalized weapon - a saber with the Golden Coat of Arms of the USSR (1968),
24 foreign awards (including 13 foreign orders).

He was buried on Red Square in Moscow near the Kremlin wall.

Govorov Leonid Alexandrovich

10(22).02.1897—19.03.1955
Marshal of the Soviet Union

Born in the village of Butyrki near Vyatka in the family of a peasant, who later became an employee in the city of Elabuga. A student at the Petrograd Polytechnic Institute, L. Govorov, became a cadet at the Konstantinovsky Artillery School in 1916. He began his combat activities in 1918 as an officer in the White Army of Admiral Kolchak.

In 1919, he volunteered to join the Red Army, participated in battles on the Eastern and Southern fronts, commanded an artillery division, and was wounded twice - near Kakhovka and Perekop.
In 1933 he graduated from the Military Academy. Frunze, and then the General Staff Academy (1938). Participated in the war with Finland of 1939-1940.

In the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), artillery general L.A. Govorov became the commander of the 5th Army, which defended the approaches to Moscow in the central direction. In the spring of 1942, on the instructions of I.V. Stalin, he went to besieged Leningrad, where he soon led the front (pseudonyms: Leonidov, Leonov, Gavrilov). On January 18, 1943, the troops of generals Govorov and Meretskov broke through the blockade of Leningrad (Operation Iskra), delivering a counter-attack near Shlisselburg. A year later, they struck a new blow, crushing the Germans' Northern Wall, completely lifting the blockade of Leningrad. The German troops of Field Marshal von Küchler suffered huge losses. In June 1944, troops of the Leningrad Front carried out the Vyborg operation, broke through the “Mannerheim Line” and took the city of Vyborg. L.A. Govorov became Marshal of the Soviet Union (06/18/1944). In the fall of 1944, Govorov’s troops liberated Estonia, breaking into the enemy “Panther” defenses.

While remaining commander of the Leningrad Front, the marshal was also the representative of Headquarters in the Baltic States. He was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In May 1945, the German army group Kurland surrendered to the front forces.

Moscow saluted the troops of commander L. A. Govorov 14 times. In the post-war period, the marshal became the first Commander-in-Chief of the country's air defense.

Marshal L.A. Govorov had:

Gold Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union (01/27/1945), 5 Orders of Lenin,
Order of Victory (05/31/1945),
3 Orders of the Red Banner,
2 Orders of Suvorov 1st degree,
Order of Kutuzov 1st degree,
Order of the Red Star - a total of 13 orders and 7 medals,
Tuvan "Order of the Republic",
3 foreign orders.

He died in 1955 at the age of 59. He was buried on Red Square in Moscow near the Kremlin wall.

Rokossovsky Konstantin Konstantinovich

9(21).12.1896—3.08.1968
Marshal of the Soviet Union,
Marshal of Poland

Born in Velikiye Luki in the family of a railway driver, a Pole, Xavier Jozef Rokossovsky, who soon moved to live in Warsaw. He began his service in 1914 in the Russian army. Participated in the First World War. He fought in a dragoon regiment, was a non-commissioned officer, was wounded twice in battle, was awarded the St. George Cross and 2 medals. Red Guard (1917). During the Civil War, he was again wounded 2 times, fought on the Eastern Front against the troops of Admiral Kolchak and in Transbaikalia against Baron Ungern; commanded a squadron, division, cavalry regiment; awarded 2 Orders of the Red Banner. In 1929 he fought against the Chinese at Jalainor (conflict on the Chinese Eastern Railway). In 1937-1940 was imprisoned as a victim of slander.

During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) he commanded a mechanized corps, army, and fronts (Pseudonyms: Kostin, Dontsov, Rumyantsev). He distinguished himself in the Battle of Smolensk (1941). Hero of the Battle of Moscow (September 30, 1941—January 8, 1942). He was seriously wounded near Sukhinichi. During the Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943), Rokossovsky’s Don Front, together with other fronts, was surrounded by 22 enemy divisions with a total number of 330 thousand people (Operation Uranus). At the beginning of 1943, the Don Front eliminated the encircled group of Germans (Operation “Ring”). Field Marshal F. Paulus was captured (3 days of mourning were declared in Germany). In the Battle of Kursk (1943), Rokossovsky's Central Front defeated the German troops of General Model (Operation Kutuzov) near Orel, in honor of which Moscow gave its first fireworks (08/05/1943). In the grandiose Belorussian operation (1944), Rokossovsky’s 1st Belorussian Front defeated Field Marshal von Busch’s Army Group Center and, together with the troops of General I. D. Chernyakhovsky, surrounded up to 30 drag divisions in the “Minsk Cauldron” (Operation Bagration) . On June 29, 1944, Rokossovsky was awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union. The highest military orders “Virtuti Militari” and the “Grunwald” cross, 1st class, were awarded to the marshal for the liberation of Poland.

At the final stage of the war, Rokossovsky's 2nd Belorussian Front participated in the East Prussian, Pomeranian and Berlin operations. Moscow saluted the troops of commander Rokossovsky 63 times. On June 24, 1945, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, holder of the Order of Victory, Marshal K.K. Rokossovsky commanded the Victory Parade on Red Square in Moscow. In 1949-1956, K.K. Rokossovsky was the Minister of National Defense of the Polish People's Republic. He was awarded the title of Marshal of Poland (1949). Returning to the Soviet Union, he became the chief inspector of the USSR Ministry of Defense.

Wrote a memoir, A Soldier's Duty.

Marshal K.K. Rokossovsky had:

2 Gold Stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union (07/29/1944, 06/1/1945),
7 Orders of Lenin,
Order of Victory (30.03.1945),
order of the October Revolution,
6 Orders of the Red Banner,
Order of Suvorov 1st degree,
Order of Kutuzov 1st degree,
a total of 17 orders and 11 medals;
honorary weapon - saber with the golden coat of arms of the USSR (1968),
13 foreign awards (including 9 foreign orders)

He was buried on Red Square in Moscow near the Kremlin wall. A bronze bust of Rokossovsky was installed in his homeland (Velikie Luki).

Malinovsky Rodion Yakovlevich

11(23).11.1898—31.03.1967
Marshal of the Soviet Union,
Minister of Defense of the USSR

Born in Odessa, he grew up without a father. In 1914, he volunteered for the front of the 1st World War, where he was seriously wounded and awarded the St. George Cross, 4th degree (1915). In February 1916 he was sent to France as part of the Russian expeditionary force. There he was again wounded and received the French Croix de Guerre. Returning to his homeland, he voluntarily joined the Red Army (1919) and fought against the whites in Siberia. In 1930 he graduated from the Military Academy. M. V. Frunze. In 1937-1938, he volunteered to take part in battles in Spain (under the pseudonym “Malino”) on the side of the republican government, for which he received the Order of the Red Banner.

In the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) he commanded a corps, an army, and a front (pseudonyms: Yakovlev, Rodionov, Morozov). He distinguished himself in the Battle of Stalingrad. Malinovsky’s army, in cooperation with other armies, stopped and then defeated Army Group Don of Field Marshal E. von Manstein, which was trying to relieve Paulus’s group encircled at Stalingrad. The troops of General Malinovsky liberated Rostov and Donbass (1943), participated in the cleansing of Right Bank Ukraine from the enemy; Having defeated the troops of E. von Kleist, they took Odessa on April 10, 1944; together with the troops of General Tolbukhin, they defeated the southern wing of the enemy front, encircling 22 German divisions and the 3rd Romanian Army in the Iasi-Kishinev operation (08.20-29.1944). During the fighting, Malinovsky was slightly wounded; On September 10, 1944, he was awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union. The troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front, Marshal R. Ya. Malinovsky, liberated Romania, Hungary, Austria, and Czechoslovakia. On August 13, 1944, they entered Bucharest, took Budapest by storm (02/13/1945), and liberated Prague (05/9/1945). The marshal was awarded the Order of Victory.

From July 1945, Malinovsky commanded the Transbaikal Front (pseudonym Zakharov), which dealt the main blow to the Japanese Kwantung Army in Manchuria (08/1945). Front troops reached Port Arthur. The marshal received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Moscow saluted the troops of commander Malinovsky 49 times.

On October 15, 1957, Marshal R. Ya. Malinovsky was appointed Minister of Defense of the USSR. He remained in this position until the end of his life.

The Marshal is the author of the books “Soldiers of Russia”, “The Angry Whirlwinds of Spain”; under his leadership, “Iasi-Chisinau Cannes”, “Budapest - Vienna - Prague”, “Final” and other works were written.

Marshal R. Ya. Malinovsky had:

2 Gold Stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union (09/08/1945, 11/22/1958),
5 Orders of Lenin,
3 Orders of the Red Banner,
2 Orders of Suvorov 1st degree,
Order of Kutuzov 1st degree,
a total of 12 orders and 9 medals;
as well as 24 foreign awards (including 15 orders of foreign states). In 1964 he was awarded the title of People's Hero of Yugoslavia.

A bronze bust of the marshal was installed in Odessa. He was buried on Red Square near the Kremlin wall.

Tolbukhin Fedor Ivanovich

4(16).6.1894—17.10.1949
Marshal of the Soviet Union

Born in the village of Androniki near Yaroslavl in a peasant family. He worked as an accountant in Petrograd. In 1914 he was a private motorcyclist. Having become an officer, he took part in battles with Austro-German troops and was awarded the Anna and Stanislav crosses.

In the Red Army since 1918; fought on the fronts of the Civil War against the troops of General N.N. Yudenich, Poles and Finns. He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

In the post-war period, Tolbukhin worked in staff positions. In 1934 he graduated from the Military Academy. M. V. Frunze. In 1940 he became a general.

During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) he was the chief of staff of the front, commanded the army and the front. He distinguished himself in the Battle of Stalingrad, commanding the 57th Army. In the spring of 1943, Tolbukhin became commander of the Southern Front, and from October - the 4th Ukrainian Front, from May 1944 until the end of the war - the 3rd Ukrainian Front. General Tolbukhin's troops defeated the enemy at Miussa and Molochnaya and liberated Taganrog and Donbass. In the spring of 1944, they invaded Crimea and took Sevastopol by storm on May 9. In August 1944, together with the troops of R. Ya. Malinovsky, they defeated the army group “Southern Ukraine” by General. Mr. Frizner in the Iasi-Kishinev operation. On September 12, 1944, F.I. Tolbukhin was awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union.

Tolbukhin's troops liberated Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary and Austria. Moscow saluted Tolbukhin's troops 34 times. At the Victory Parade on June 24, 1945, the marshal led the column of the 3rd Ukrainian Front.

The marshal's health, undermined by the wars, began to fail, and in 1949 F.I. Tolbukhin died at the age of 56. Three days of mourning were declared in Bulgaria; the city of Dobrich was renamed the city of Tolbukhin.

In 1965, Marshal F.I. Tolbukhin was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

People's Hero of Yugoslavia (1944) and "Hero of the People's Republic of Bulgaria" (1979).

Marshal F.I. Tolbukhin had:

2 Orders of Lenin,
Order of Victory (04/26/1945),
3 Orders of the Red Banner,
2 Orders of Suvorov 1st degree,
Order of Kutuzov 1st degree,
Order of the Red Star,
a total of 10 orders and 9 medals;
as well as 10 foreign awards (including 5 foreign orders).

He was buried on Red Square in Moscow near the Kremlin wall.

Meretskov Kirill Afanasyevich

26.05 (7.06).1897—30.12.1968
Marshal of the Soviet Union

Born in the village of Nazaryevo near Zaraysk, Moscow region, into a peasant family. Before serving in the army, he worked as a mechanic. In the Red Army since 1918. During the Civil War he fought on the Eastern and Southern fronts. He took part in battles in the ranks of the 1st Cavalry against Pilsudski's Poles. He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

In 1921 he graduated from the Military Academy of the Red Army. In 1936-1937, under the pseudonym "Petrovich", he fought in Spain (awarded the Order of Lenin and the Red Banner). During the Soviet-Finnish War (December 1939 - March 1940) he commanded the army that broke through the “Manerheim Line” and took Vyborg, for which he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (1940).
During the Great Patriotic War, he commanded troops in the northern directions (pseudonyms: Afanasyev, Kirillov); was a representative of the Headquarters on the North-Western Front. He commanded the army, the front. In 1941, Meretskov inflicted the first serious defeat of the war on the troops of Field Marshal Leeb near Tikhvin. On January 18, 1943, the troops of generals Govorov and Meretskov, delivering a counter strike near Shlisselburg (Operation Iskra), broke the blockade of Leningrad. On January 20, Novgorod was taken. In February 1944 he became commander of the Karelian Front. In June 1944, Meretskov and Govorov defeated Marshal K. Mannerheim in Karelia. In October 1944, Meretskov's troops defeated the enemy in the Arctic near Pechenga (Petsamo). On October 26, 1944, K. A. Meretskov received the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union, and from the Norwegian King Haakon VII the Grand Cross of St. Olaf.

In the spring of 1945, the “cunning Yaroslavets” (as Stalin called him) under the name of “General Maksimov” was sent to the Far East. In August - September 1945, his troops took part in the defeat of the Kwantung Army, breaking into Manchuria from Primorye and liberating areas of China and Korea.

Moscow saluted the troops of commander Meretskov 10 times.

Marshal K. A. Meretskov had:

Gold Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union (03/21/1940), 7 Orders of Lenin,
Order of Victory (8.09.1945),
order of the October Revolution,
4 Orders of the Red Banner,
2 Orders of Suvorov 1st degree,
Order of Kutuzov 1st degree,
10 medals;
honorary weapon - a saber with the Golden Coat of Arms of the USSR, as well as 4 highest foreign orders and 3 medals.

He wrote a memoir, “In the Service of the People.” He was buried on Red Square in Moscow near the Kremlin wall. Konev Ivan Stepanovich
16(28).12.1897–27.06.1973

Marshal of the Soviet Union

Born in the Vologda region in the village of Lodeyno in a peasant family. In 1916 he was drafted into the army. Upon completion of the training team, junior non-commissioned officer Art. division is sent to the Southwestern Front. Having joined the Red Army in 1918, he took part in battles against the troops of Admiral Kolchak, Ataman Semenov, and the Japanese. Commissioner of the armored train "Grozny", then brigades, divisions. In 1921 he took part in the storming of Kronstadt. Graduated from the Academy. Frunze (1934), commanded a regiment, division, corps, 2nd Separate Red Banner Far Eastern Army (1938–1940).

During the Great Patriotic War he commanded the army and fronts (pseudonyms: Stepin, Kyiv). Participated in the battles of Smolensk and Kalinin (1941), in the battle of Moscow (1941–1942). During the Battle of Kursk, together with the troops of General N.F. Vatutina defeated the enemy on the Belgorod-Kharkov bridgehead - a bastion of Germany in Ukraine. On August 5, 1943, Konev’s troops took the city of Belgorod, in honor of which Moscow gave its first fireworks, and on August 24, Kharkov was taken. This was followed by the breakthrough of the “Eastern Wall” on the Dnieper.

In the post-war period, the marshal was the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces (1946–1950; 1955–1956), the first Commander-in-Chief of the United Armed Forces of the Warsaw Pact states (1956–1960).

He wrote memoirs: “Forty-fifth” and “Notes of the Front Commander.”

He was buried on Red Square in Moscow near the Kremlin wall.

Marshal I. S. Konev had:

two Gold Stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union (07/29/1944, 06/1/1945),
7 Orders of Lenin,
Order of Victory (30.03.1945),
order of the October Revolution,
3 Orders of the Red Banner,
2 Orders of Suvorov 1st degree,
2 Orders of Kutuzov 1st degree,
Order of the Red Star,
a total of 17 orders and 10 medals;
honorary personalized weapon - saber with the Golden Coat of Arms of the USSR (1968),
24 foreign awards (including 13 foreign orders).

V.A. Egorshin, “Field Marshals and Marshals.” M., 2000

Konev Ivan Stepanovich

Born on December 16 (December 28), 1897 in the village of Lodeino, Podosinovsky district, Kirov region, from peasants, Russian.

In 1912, he graduated from the Zemstvo School, in 1926 - Advanced training courses for senior command personnel at the Military Academy. M.V. Frunze, and in 1934 - a special faculty of the same academy.

In the Soviet army from August 1918; until June 1919 - military commissar of the Nikolsky district military commissariat of the Northern Territory; Commissioner of an armored train (until July 1920); brigade commander (until April 1921), division commander (until October 1921); chief of staff of the army (November 1922) commander of the corps (August 1924) and rifle division (September 1925).

The certification for 1926 noted that he was “an proactive, energetic and decisive commander. The general and military outlook is sufficient...”

From July 1926 - commander-military commissar of the regiment (until March 1930), assistant and acting commander of the rifle division (March 1930-March 1931), commander-military commissar of the division (March 1931-December 1932 .). Since December 1934 - commander of a rifle division.

The certification for 1936 emphasized that his “military training after graduating from the academy was quite satisfactory. Commanding the division, he had great achievements, especially during the maneuvers of 1936. His character is firm and persistent.”

From September 1937 - commander of a special rifle corps (until September 1938), army commander (until June 1940), commander of the Trans-Baikal, then North Caucasian military districts (until June 1941).

During the Great Patriotic War - commander of the 19th Army (June-October 1941), one month - deputy commander of the troops of the Western Front, commander of the troops of the Kalinin Front (November 1941-August 1942), Western Front (until February 1943), Northwestern Front (March-June 1943), Steppe Front (June 1943-May 1944), 1st Ukrainian Front (May 1944-May 1945).

After the war I.S. Konev - Commander-in-Chief of the Central Group of Forces in Austria (May 1945-April 1946), First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces - Deputy Minister of Defense for the Ground Forces (June 1946-March 1950), Chief Inspector of the Soviet Army - Deputy Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR (March 1950-November 1951), Commander of the Carpathian Military District (November 1951-March 1955), First Deputy Minister of Defense and Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces (until March 1956), first Deputy Secretary of Defense for General Affairs (to April 1960), Inspector General of the Group of Inspectors General of the Ministry of Defense (to August 1961), Commander-in-Chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (to April 1962) and again Inspector General of the Ministry of Defense (to May 1973).

I.S. Konev - twice Hero of the Soviet Union (07/29/1944 and 06/1/1945) He was awarded 7 Orders of Lenin (07/29/1944, 02/21/1945, 12/27/1947, 12/18/1956, 12/27) .1957, 12/27/1967, 12/27/1972), Order of the October Revolution (02/22/1968), 3 Orders of the Red Banner (02/22/1938, 11/3/1944, 06/20/1949 .), 2 Orders of Suvorov, 1st degree (08/27/1943, 05/17/1944), 2 Orders of Kutuzov, 1st degree (04/9/1943, 07/28/1943), Order of the Red Star (08/16/1936). ), the Order of Victory (03/30/1945), the Weapon of Honor with a golden image of the State Emblem of the USSR (02/22/1968), as well as 10 medals of the USSR and 24 orders and medals of foreign countries.

Military ranks: Army commander 2nd rank - awarded in March 1939, Lieutenant General - June 4, 1940, Colonel General - September 19, 1941, Army General - August 26, 1943, Marshal of the Soviet Union - February 20, 1944 G.

Member of the CPSU since 1918, member of the CPSU Central Committee since 1952, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1st–8th convocations.

Marshals of the Soviet Union: personal stories tell. M., 1996