Collection "10 problem texts with tasks for preparing for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language." Test in Russian language

1st century

Petka was very afraid to go into the water (1) but (2) when (3) he entered (4) he did not want to get out of it (5) and pretended (6) that he was swimming. (L. Andreev)

1) 1,3,6 2) 1,2,3,6 3) 1,4,6 4) 1,2,3,4,6

2. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

From the weight of Senka’s body, the tree sank lower and lower (1) and (2) when (3) Vanin reached the middle (4) it swayed, slipping out from under the scout’s feet. (M. Alekseev)

1) 1,2,3,4 2) 1,2,4 3) 2,3,4 4) 1,3,4

3. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

We threw the cast-iron cannonball on the ground right next to the porch (1) and (2) when we began to say goodbye to our teacher (3) he promised to take us into the underground passage (4) which begins near the fortress. (V. Belyaev)

1) 1,4 2) 2,3,4 3) 1,2,3,4 4) 1,3,4

4. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Ryzhov was an enterprising and economical person (1) and (2) although (3) many at the plant did not tolerate him (4) in the workshop the workers and engineers loved and respected him. (N. Davydova)

1) 1,2,3,4 2) 1,3,4 3) 1,2,4 4) 1,2

5. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

The director, with a casual question, made it clear (1) that his subordinates go on business trips to distant countries (2) and (3) although now minor internal economic issues will be discussed here (4) the big world is open to them. (N. Davydova)

1) 1,3,4 2) 1,2,4 3) 1,2,3,4 4) 2,3,4

6. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Shishakov spoke sedately (1) and (2), although Volodin had not yet turned around and did not see him (3) by the rustle of the newspaper being torn off and by the unfriendly tone (4) in which the sergeant spoke

words (5) I realized (6) that the old man is in a bad mood today. (A. Ananyev)

1) 1,2,4,5 2) 1,4,5,6 3) 1,3,5,6 4) 1,2,3,4,5,6

7. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Ryumin scheduled the performance for two o'clock in the morning (1) and (2) from whatever direction he brought the company to the invisible village (3) and (4) no matter how many Germans there were (5) they were all doomed to death (6 ) because the cadets could not provide them with captivity under these conditions. (K. Vorobyov)

1) 1,3,4,5,6 2) 2,4,5 3) 3,4,5,6 4) 1,2,5,6

8. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Misha lay there and thought about (1) where Igor and Seva could have gone (2) and (3) what to do (4) if they weren’t in Moscow tomorrow. (A. Rybakov)

1) 1,3 2) 1,4 3) 1,2,4 4) 1,3,4

9. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

The paths of our garden are thickly covered with light white petals falling from the trees (1) and (2) when the wind rises (3) it seems (4) as if the snow is slowly falling from the trees to the ground in large flakes. (A. Kuprin)

1) 1,2,4 2) 1,3,4 3) 2,3,4 4) 1,4

10. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

We didn’t find the machine gun either (1) and (2) if my grandmother had found out about this (3) she would have said (4) that God was protecting us. (A. Kuznetsov)

1) 1,2,3,4 2) 2,3,4 3) 1,3,4 4) 1,2,4

Punctuation marks in complex sentences with various types of connections. 11th grade.

2nd century

1. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

The timber was brought to the river at night (1) and (2) when a white fog shrouded the banks (3) all eight companies laid planks (4) on the wreckage of the bridges.

1) 1,3,4 2) 1,4 3) 2,3 4) 1,2,3

2. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

It turned out (1) that the manuscript has not yet been completely edited (2) and that (3) until additional work is done (4) it cannot be submitted to the printing house.

1) 1 2) 2,3 3) 1,3,4 4) 1,2,3,4

3. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

It was time to leave (1) and (2) when buses came from the city to pick us up (3) we realized (4) how sorry it was to part with the lake.

1) 1,3 2) 2,3 3) 1,4 4) 1,2,3,4

4. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

A few hours later (1) Ivan became exhausted (2) and (3) when he realized (4) that he could not cope with the papers (5) he cried quietly and bitterly.

1) 1,4,5 2) 2,3,5 3) 3,4,5 4) 1,4

5. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

In the spring of that year I graduated from the Lyceum (1) and (2) when I arrived from Moscow (3) I was simply amazed (4) how our gloomy house had changed.

1) 1,4 2) 1,2,3,4 3) 3 4) 2,3,4

6. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

The imagination was crowded with a variety of ideas (1) and (2) if the writer, through an effort of will, forced himself to stop at one thing (3) then he again forgot (4) what the beginning should be.

1) 1,2,3,4 2) 1,3 3) 1,3,4 4) 2,4

7. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Mitya often simply admired his sister (1) and (2) even when he had to listen to her complaints that (3) she looked bad after night shifts in the hospital (4) Lyubasha seemed to him the most beautiful.

1) 1,2,4 2) 1,2,3,4 3) 1,3 4) 3,4

8. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

In the evening it started to rain (1) and (2) while we were driving along the dirt road (3) the horses could barely walk (4) as if they had lost their last strength.

1) 1,3 2) 2,3 3) 3,4 4) 1,2,3,4

9. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Everyone loved me (1) and (2) although I was incredibly naughty (3) I was forgiven for everything (4) no matter what I did.

1) 1,3,4 2) 2,3 3) 1,2,4 4) 1,2,3,4

10. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

In his parents’ house, everything was as before (1) and (2) if Volodya seemed to have the home space as if it had narrowed (3), it was only because (4) that during the years of absence he had matured and grown a lot.

1) 1,2,4 2) 1,3 3) 1,3,4 4) 2,3,4

Answers to the task.

1st century

1. 3 6. 4

2. 2 7. 4

3. 3 8. 2

4. 3 9. 2

5. 3 10. 1

2nd century

1. 4 6. 3

2. 3 7. 2

3. 4 8. 4

4. 3 9. 4

Option No. 3402632

When completing tasks with a short answer, enter in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, a word, a sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. The answers to tasks 1-26 are a figure (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers).

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Version for printing and copying in MS Word

Indicate the numbers of sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) As a result of irresponsible human economic activity, which led to the destruction of nature, there was a danger of the death of all humanity, and therefore, in order to preserve life, a system of measures to preserve it is needed.

2) Natural disasters; droughts, floods, dust storms and forest fires, landslides and avalanches in the mountains are often the result of human activity that violates the laws of nature.

3) Not a single thoughtful and well-organized system of measures will help preserve nature if humanity allows a man-made or natural disaster to occur.

4) The result of intensive human economic activity has been the destruction of many natural landscapes, shallowing and pollution of rivers and lakes, reduction of forest areas, and the destruction of hundreds of species of animals and plants.

5) The consequences of the destruction of nature as a result of thoughtless human economic activity are disastrous for humanity, therefore, today a system of measures to preserve nature is needed.

Answer:

Which of the following words or co-words should be in place of the pass in third pre-lo-same text? You-pi-shi-te this word.

Despite this

That's why

Because

Answer:

Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word LAW. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

LAW, -and husband.

1. An objectively present immutability, independent of anyone’s will, a predetermined state that has developed during the existence of a given phenomenon, its connections and relationships with the outside world. Nature laws. Laws of planetary motion. Z. social development. Laws of the market.

2. Decree of the state authority, a normative act adopted by the state authority; generally binding rules established by government authorities. Basic Constitution states. Obey the laws.

3. A generally binding and immutable rule. Laws of morality. Unwritten laws(established moral foundations, norms).

4. The general name of the basic principles and ideas of religious doctrine, a set of rules. religion. Z. God(genus: the Law of God; Orthodox doctrine; also such a subject).

Answer:

In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.

not for long

Answer:

One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.

In the Sea of Okhotsk, the RESCUE operation of the Ministry of Emergency Situations to remove ships from ice captivity has completed.

Rosa Lvovna rose from her chair and walked towards the door with a ROYAL gait.

Lesha dressed his little sister, and they went to meet dad from work.

The estate was surrounded by a high STONE fence.

During the year, the production development plan underwent significant changes.

Answer:

In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

the tree has DRIED

five PAN

DRINKING TEA

can of canned food

clean TOWELS

Answer:

Establishment of correspondence between grammatical errors and prepositions, in which they are added: to each position of the first column under the corresponding position from second column.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

OFFERS

A) change in the construction of the sentence with participatory rotation

B) incorrect use of the pa-de-form of the noun with a pre-log

C) incorrect construction of pre-position with indirect speech

D) an error in the construction of a sentence with the same members

D) re-establishment of the connection between the under-lying and the spoken word

1) After graduating from the Lyceum, Pushkin began to live in St. Petersburg.

2) Those who achieve the greatest success in disputes become an example for support.

3) To-ro-ha, which Pugachev pointed out to the hall, turned out to be a spa-si-tel-noy for Pet-ru-sha and doom-noy for others.

4) The pre-da-va-tel took and co-teached how to use it to the full extent -te-ra-tu-roy.

5) The main character of the novel Do-sto-ev-skogo “The Idiot”, Prince Mysh-kin, is at the same time funny and tragic, in addition but Don Qui-ho-tu, with whom he associates.

6) You-from-higher educational institutions must know the pro-fes-si-o-na-la-mi os-but you are a scientist.

7) In response to the request, we heard that “I’m not used to giving in.”

8) By 1856, the creative in-re-sys of Shish-ki-na, who stood out among those not with me ta-lan-tom, the windows have been determined.

9) In the opera “Ru-sa-loch-ka” elements of the native music are used.

Write down the numbers in response, placing them in a row, corresponding to the letter for you:

A	B	IN	G	D

Answer:

Define the word in which about the unstressed vowel of the root. You write this word by inserting a letter.

s..na-to-ry

shine

smart..reap

t..ri-to-riya

rub..dry

Answer:

Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

d..white, unprev..everyday;

pr..rotation, pr..muffle;

dis..play, financial..inspector;

and..drive, not..burnable;

p..fill, transfer..edit.

Answer:

Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank.

distorted...

sick

profitability

shuddering

confusing

Answer:

Write down the word in which the letter Y is written in the blank.

weeding (vegetable garden)

visible (through and through)

(geese) pluck..t (grass)

rejoicing (to the guest)

prickly (item)

Answer:

Determine the sentence in which NOT is spelled together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.

The waters of the tide were noisy (not) silent.

The wind shakes a stalk with still (not) dried dew.

To the right, over the wooded hills, a (un)blinking star shone.

A response to the request has still (not) been received.

Levinson listened without (not) interfering.

Answer:

Definition of a sentence in which both of your words are written together. Open the brackets and write these two words.

Comparison of “Dear Complaints” and the elegy “Am I Wandering...” Push-ki-na seems to be, (ON) HOW MANY (ON) TIMES -BUT-MU the poet can inter-pre-ti-ro-vate the same topic.

(B) FOR those two hours that the friends walked through the city, they (ON) MEETED not a single one of its inhabitants.

Mi-no-no-sets “Buy-nyy”, shooting at the un-pre-I-te-lyu, gave full speed (B) IN FRONT, (B) TO-GON-KU for the enemy s-kad-roy.

He paid (WITH) ME the francs, which (B) CONSEQUENTLY I handed over to the cashier.

(NOT) LOOKING at the bad weather, we STILL (STILL) decided to go on a hike.

Answer:

Indicate all the numbers in whose place NN is written.

Enter the numbers in ascending order.

The travelers, thoughtful and enthusiastic (1) at the same time (2), found themselves as if in a cotton cloud, the sun turned into a small tin (3) circle, along which whitish wisps floated until they completely (4) covered it.

Answer:

Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma

1) Through the autumn-bright forest of the eastern hill one could see a medieval castle and an arched bridge that once connected two high-rise towers.

2) Spring thunder either growled menacingly or grumbled good-naturedly.

3) Neither the bad English weather, nor the icy cold of the bedroom, nor the cold tea could change the guest’s mood.

4) There was soaring in the air and the day promised to be unbearably hot.

5) Any technical invention or work of art of a particular historical era is the result of a person’s desire for truth.

Answer:

The ducks (1) frightened by the sudden appearance of the hunters (2) rose noisily and (3) somersaulting in the air (4) slowly and heavily flew away.

Answer:

Add all missing punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

Poetry captivates and in an imperceptible way, but with an irresistible force, elevates a person and brings him closer to the state when he (1) actually (2) becomes an adornment of the earth, or (3) as our ancestors innocently but sincerely said (4) “ the crown of creation."

Answer:

Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

In our country (1) there is a system of nature reserves and reserves (2) on the territory (3) of which (4) the collection and procurement of plants is limited.

Answer:

Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

While Marusya was looking for the treasured mushroom clearing (1) clouds thickened in the sky (2) and (3) although the girl was not afraid of getting caught in the rain (4) she did not want to disturb her grandmother again and therefore turned towards the house.

Answer:

Which of your sayings correspond to the text? Specify the number from the ve-tov.

Indicate the numbers in order of origin.

1) The narrator was unable to find tender words for his mother, because his younger sister was bothering him.

2) The heroes have not been seen for several years.

3) The young man managed to find his mother already in the city and apologized for his stupid behavior.

4) This episode cannot be forgotten.

5) You can learn nothing with your heart only with age.

(3) He took a deep breath.

“(7) I understand,” I said.

(16) He was silent.

(24) He fell silent again.

(According to A. Gelasimov*)

*Andrey Valerievich Gelasimov

Answer:

Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.

Enter the numbers in ascending order.

1) Sentences 4-6 present the reasoning.

2) Sentences 18-22 present the narrative.

3) Sentences 41-44 present events occurring one after another.

4) Sentence 37 confirms the judgment expressed in sentence 11 of the text.

5) Sentences 30-31 contain a narrative.

(1) The boss looked me carefully in the eyes and said:

- (2) I am very concerned about family matters.

(3) He took a deep breath.

-(4) While you’re young, you don’t pay attention to it. (5) And then it gets late. (6) It’s too late in the sense that nothing, nothing at all can be changed.

“(7) I understand,” I said.

-(8) You still understand this with your mind. (9) And when you begin to understand with your heart, then everything will already be in the past. (10) This is some kind of paradox. (11) Everything in the world can be changed, but not what you have already done. (12) No money, no connections help.

(13)n fell silent, and we sat like that for probably a whole hour.

- (14) Twenty-five years ago, when I was studying at the institute, a strange story happened to me. (15) A trifle, it would seem, but I just can’t forget it.

(16) He was silent.

- (17) My mother lived in Siberia then, and somehow she got ready to go south. (18) I took my sister - she was in first grade - and went. (19) And they made a transfer in Moscow. (20) They had two hours here between trains. (21) We agreed to meet at the station. (22) I promised to show them the city and tell them about my affairs. (23) We hadn’t seen each other for two or three years then.

(24) He fell silent again.

- (25) I almost missed them. (26) Mom, standing with a suitcase to the side, held my sister’s hand. (27) Natasha was eating ice cream, and her mother turned around in all directions in confusion. (28) She was afraid that I wouldn’t come, and she was scared alone in Moscow. (29) At the first minute I didn’t even know how to approach her. (ZO) It was somehow awkward. (31) It’s strange how you can’t find the right words for those you love...

(32) In general, we moved to another station, walked, sat in a cafe, but I still could not say what was in my heart. (ZZ) It’s like they hung some kind of lock on me. (34) And she kept looking at me with such eyes that it seemed to me: I was about to die. (35) The longer this torment lasted, the more I realized my powerlessness. (36) He broke down like a fool, spoke some flat words. (37) I don’t know what came over me then.

(38) And then, when I was already on the subway, it was as if my heart suddenly sank. (39) I suddenly thought: (40) “This is my mother!” (41) I ran upstairs. (42) The train should have already departed. (43) When I jumped into the carriage, the conductor was no longer letting anyone in. (44) Somewhere in the middle I found them. (45) Some people were pushing suitcases onto the top shelves, Natasha was jumping at the window, and mom was sitting near the door and crying. (46) No one paid attention to her tears. (47) A person leaves - you never know...

(According to A. Gelasimov*)

*Andrey Valerievich Gelasimov(born in 1966) - philologist, prose writer, publicist, author of many stories and short stories, prose poems.

Answer:

From sentence 38, write down the phraseological unit.

(1) The boss looked me carefully in the eyes and said:

- (2) I am very concerned about family matters.

(3) He took a deep breath.

-(4) While you’re young, you don’t pay attention to it. (5) And then it gets late. (6) It’s too late in the sense that nothing, nothing at all can be changed.

“(7) I understand,” I said.

(13)n fell silent, and we sat like that for probably a whole hour.

- (14) Twenty-five years ago, when I was studying at the institute, a strange story happened to me. (15) A trifle, it would seem, but I just can’t forget it.

(16) He was silent.

(24) He fell silent again.

(According to A. Gelasimov*)

*Andrey Valerievich Gelasimov(born in 1966) - philologist, prose writer, publicist, author of many stories and short stories, prose poems.

(3) He took a deep breath.

Answer:

Among sentences 38-47, find one(s) that is related to the previous one using a possessive pronoun. Write the number(s) of this sentence(s).

(1) The boss looked me carefully in the eyes and said:

- (2) I am very concerned about family matters.

(3) He took a deep breath.

-(4) While you’re young, you don’t pay attention to it. (5) And then it gets late. (6) It’s too late in the sense that nothing, nothing at all can be changed.

“(7) I understand,” I said.

(13)n fell silent, and we sat like that for probably a whole hour.

- (14) Twenty-five years ago, when I was studying at the institute, a strange story happened to me. (15) A trifle, it would seem, but I just can’t forget it.

(16) He was silent.

(24) He fell silent again.

List of terms:

1) comparison

2) dialectism

3) contextual antonyms

4) spoken words

5) synonyms

6) exclamatory sentence

8) a number of homogeneous members

9) syntactic parallelism

Write down the numbers in your answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:

A	B	IN	G

(1) The boss looked me carefully in the eyes and said:

- (2) I am very concerned about family matters.

(3) He took a deep breath.

-(4) While you’re young, you don’t pay attention to it. (5) And then it gets late. (6) It’s too late in the sense that nothing, nothing at all can be changed.

“(7) I understand,” I said.

(13)n fell silent, and we sat like that for probably a whole hour.

- (14) Twenty-five years ago, when I was studying at the institute, a strange story happened to me. (15) A trifle, it would seem, but I just can’t forget it.

(16) He was silent.

(24) He fell silent again.

(According to A. Gelasimov*)

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is graded 0 points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

(1) The boss looked me carefully in the eyes and said:

- (2) I am very concerned about family matters.

(3) He took a deep breath.

-(4) While you’re young, you don’t pay attention to it. (5) And then it gets late. (6) It’s too late in the sense that nothing, nothing at all can be changed.

“(7) I understand,” I said.

(13)n fell silent, and we sat like that for probably a whole hour.

- (14) Twenty-five years ago, when I was studying at the institute, a strange story happened to me. (15) A trifle, it would seem, but I just can’t forget it.

(16) He was silent.

(24) He fell silent again.

(According to A. Gelasimov*)

1 slide

2 slide

Purpose of the lesson: development of skills: 1) recognize subordinate clauses, distinguish them from other types of subordinate clauses (definitive, explanatory); 2) correctly place punctuation marks in the specified types of sentences.

3 slide

Spelling work. Ra...pol...live nearby on the mown...grass; you will immediately see an amazing collection of butterflies; from somewhere to the left... it came... I drove away; relax here for... a week; you will see from a distance the shiny surface of the lake; behind those….aces; voices disappearing in the distance; r... grove growing above; try...you go to the left...through the dawn...if. s o n n i l l a ts i e i rra a i o o

4 slide

Syntactic parsing of sentences. 1) There, under these slopes, we expected to set up a night camp. [ Where? ,where exactly?,...] 2) The Lena River begins from the high Baikal Mountains and from everywhere: both on the right and on the left - it receives numerous tributaries. [...and: and,and -...].

5 slide

Explanation of new material. Recording sentences, drawing up their diagrams, determining the type of subordinate clauses. Wherever the sun rises, from there the red summer will come. (allied sl. from where...), [from there...]. There is a puddle there in July, where there is a river in April. [There...], (conjunctive word where...). Where the needle goes, so goes the thread. (allied sl. where...), [there...].

6 slide

Subordinate clauses clarify the circumstances of the place of the main clause. The same conjunctions or allied words can attach different types of subordinate clauses to the main one.

7 slide

compare offers. 1. In this part of the reserve (what?), where the reservoirs dried up from the heat, strange plants also withered. [decree. sl. + noun], (conjunctive sl. where...). 2.We didn’t know (what?) where we would stop for the night. [verb], (conjunctive words where...). 3. I wanted to go there (to where?), where I could calmly indulge in my thoughts. [there...], (conjunctive word where...).

8 slide

Fixing the material. 1) Where there is no love for art, there is no criticism. (A. Pushkin.) 2) Here is a clearing where, between two streams, I recently picked porcini mushrooms. (M. PRISHVIN.) 3) The boy reached the lower pond, where the ravine crashed, and turned towards the village. 4) When I woke up, I couldn’t understand where I was, and I looked around the room for a long time and carefully. 5) The mown grass lay in long shafts, and where they started mowing, it dried out and became dull. (V. Pribytkov.) 6) As soon as the rainbow collects water, there will be rain. (Proverb.) What style of speech is characterized by the use of the conjunctive word otkol?

Slide 9

Test. A. Wherever I turn my gaze, the gloomy forest is blue all around. B. Golitsyno, where we spent the summer, greeted us with a diverse children's choir. Q. I don’t know where the line is between a comrade and a friend. G. Solokha thought for a long time about where she should hide her guest. D. In the place where the sun set, the sky still glowed with crimson stripes. 1. Find sentences that contain errors in punctuation marks. A B C D. D. 2. Find complex sentences in which the dative is in the middle of the main sentence. A B C D E. 3.Indicate a complex sentence with a subordinate clause. A B C D E. 4. Indicate a complex sentence with an explanatory clause. A B C D E.

Content

Task No. 1 2
Task No. 2 12
Task No. 3 12
Task No. 4 16
Task No. 5 18
Task No. 6 19
Task No. 7 20
Task No. 8 21
Task No. 9 22
References 24

Option No. 13
Task No. 1
Insert the missing letters and punctuation marks, explain their spelling and placement.
Text 34. Vetluga.
When I woke up, I couldn’t figure out where I was for a long time. Above me, like a giant tent, spread the blue sky, across which a sparkling cloud quietly floated and melted. Throwing my head back a little, I could see a dark wooden church above, naively looking at me from a high cliff, like a rock, from behind the green trees. To the right, a few fathoms away from me, stood some kind of hut unfamiliar to me, and at my very feet, transparent as glass, the beautiful Vetluga river splashed. Its banks, unclear and mysterious, stood as if listening to the silent rustling of the river.
When at dawn, about three hours ago, I laid down here waiting for the Vetluga steamer, the water was still far away, behind the old boat lying on the shore. Now it was already rising and swaying with the tide, and the river was splashing almost to my very feet.
Vetluga obviously jumped up. The fast streams ran, pushing, circling, curling into funnels and developing again.
Vetluga, which played out in earnest, greatly disturbed everyone who was waiting for the crossing, even the carrier himself. But, in spite of everything, the transport was carried out as usual, and voices thundered and rolled over the river.
Soon the long-awaited steamer smoothly ran out onto the reach, blinking its lights that were fading at dawn. The sun had long been gilding the tops of the Priluga forests, and I, sleepless, sat on the upper deck and admired all the new corners that the beautiful river generously opened up, still shrouded in some places in a bluish haze, like smoke.
(According to V.G. Korolenko)

When I woke up, I couldn’t figure out where I was for a long time.
1) A single gerund is isolated if it retains the meaning of verbality, acting as a secondary predicate and indicating the time of the action, its cause, condition, etc.; the subordinate clause is separated from the main clause by a comma or separated by commas on both sides if it is inside the main clause.
2) Couldn’t - Negation not with verbs (in the personal form, in the infinitive, in the form of the gerund) is written separately.
Above me, like a giant tent, spread the blue sky, across which a sparkling cloud quietly floated and melted.
1) Commas highlight or separate comparative phrases that begin with the conjunction as, if they denote likening, without other shades of meaning (as does “like” have the meaning); the subordinate clause is separated from the main clause by a comma or separated by commas on both sides if it is inside the main clause.
2) Above me - must - is a preposition, written separately with pronouns.
3) Gigantic - The final consonant stems d and t before the suffix -sk- are preserved; To check the spelling of a dubious consonant, you need to change the form of the word or select a related word so that the consonant being checked is followed by a vowel sound or one of the consonants l, m, n, r (giants).

“I’m not asking why you need so many medications and why you treat a simple headache with different pills,” Gracchus snapped.

Ask, I will answer you. So why?

So as not to fall asleep on the road. Are you satisfied?! And so much time has already been lost!

Do you have any questions? - Marna turned to Abel.

No, everything is clear. This requires practice.

Don't even think about practicing while we're gone! Better look around. Otherwise they buried me so I could die!

“It’s a familiar smell,” Care said, sucking in air through his nose. - Gentlemen, does this remind you of anything? Shivera glanced at him in surprise.

And ladies, of course, ladies...

Genk! - Gracchus answered without hesitation.

That's how it seems to me. Looks too much like the rubbish that flowed in his channel.

It looked like we were moving along the riverbed. May I peel off! We'll have to cross it.

Have you changed your mind yet? May be…

No! - Zarkkan snapped, but the confidence in his voice had decreased significantly. And there was a reason. The trio left the city, the tractor remained behind them - a small but still visible spot. They moved slowly, carefully looking around. Shivera took on her combat transformation. In the light, the process looked fascinating: stretching claws, skin changing color and structure, misty eyes. Here, behind the last houses, the canal overflowed its banks. If in Genk a black, oily liquid splashed somewhere far underfoot, licking the supports of dilapidated bridges, then here it came close to the city and spilled far beyond its borders. The remains of buildings, adjacent streets, and suburban areas were buried in it. Not a single tree or bush, not a single blade of grass - even in the thickness of the cracked walls. The soil applied there did not become fertile, apparently poisoned by fumes. Cone-shaped structures, which Gracchus called guilds, stood in the center of the newly formed black lake. All were approximately the same diameter - about a hundred meters; they had different heights - from approximately ten to forty meters.

Shouldn't they... breathe? - asked Care.

Not necessary. Zarkkan responded purely mechanically. He himself had already asked himself a similar question and had not found an answer to it. Or rather, he did not find an answer that suited him. Since work in the populated workshops did not cease almost around the clock, the buildings were shrouded in trembling, vibrating steam, which made the cones look like mountain peaks shrouded in clouds. This was not the case here. The air is clean and transparent, without a hint of any movement. We could only hope for a light load or forced downtime. Unlike the city of people, the Zarkkan workshops did not look like they had survived the war.

“Impressive,” said Care.

Still would! - Gracchus immediately responded. - This is not human hackwork with their liquid mixtures and rotting beams! There is special reinforced concrete here. Moreover, the reinforcement is multi-layered, overlapping, going deep into the foundation... And the concrete... It is impregnated with a special deep-penetrating composition on an organic basis. This…

Everywhere you spit, everything is special.

What did you think?! Such a workshop can stand for centuries, and nothing will happen to it!

“Something like that can only stand in a swamp,” the ersati whispered barely audibly.

What?! What do you understand? Power, stability, reliability!

And ugliness...

All this is very nice, but if you finished the architectural battles, - because of the transformation, the Shivera’s voice sounded unusually hoarse. “Pay your precious attention there,” she pointed towards the stone bridge. It looked old, but reliable, quite capable of supporting the weight of the tractor.

It’s not in vain that we went,” Care nodded. - If we don’t find another road, we’ll go along it.

I'm interested in something else - how do we get into these works of engineering? - Yarika asked. - You do what you want, but I won’t voluntarily stick myself in the muck.

And you too! - Zarkkan clasped his hands. - What do you have to be afraid of?

I'm a weak woman and I don't want to get my shoes dirty. Gracchus looked skeptically at the shivera boots: mid-calf length, with thick soles.

Get your shoes dirty? - Care grinned. - Yarika, we will have to swim - up to our necks in water... in this muck. It’s better to leave the shoes here, then they won’t be in any danger.

Darling, I’m ready to take a swim, but not here and not now...

There’s nothing to swim there,” Gracchus began to persuade. - Look. All workshops are connected to each other by special passages...

Do you have anything usual? - Care couldn’t resist.

Damn you!

That's it, he fell silent.

So here it is. Walkways or decks are usually built about a meter above the ground. The design feature is a way to avoid flooding. Our swamps sometimes overflowed like this, and the water level rose. And since the design of each workshop assumes proximity to others, they must be somehow connected. This is what the flooring is used for.

Do you want to say that near the workshops themselves the depth is only half a meter?

“I can’t say for sure,” Zarkkan hesitated. - I said - as a rule, a meter. Exceptions may apply. While talking, they came close to the canal. The liquid in it swayed slightly, but already a meter to the side it froze without movement.

What is it? - Ersati said, squatting down.

“But I’m not at all interested,” Yarika snorted and threw a stone in front of her. He fell onto the surface of the slurry, but did not fall through, but remained lying there, rolling forward a little. Gracchus began to fuss. He picked up an impressively sized stone, swung it well, and threw it. The stone rolled over the unwavering surface of the slurry with a hard rustling sound and froze. The next cobblestone, thrown directly into the canal bed, disappeared without even leaving circles.

Yarika, do you know who?

Certainly! Sheer resourcefulness and insight.

I would even kiss you... - Zarkkan turned to the shiver. The air in front of his nose was cut by claws. - But I won’t...

Wait to rejoice. Care stepped aside and picked up the long armature.

Let's check now...

He crossed the bridge and poked the end of a metal pin at a black something. The surface gave way and burst. From the opened hole, slurry reluctantly appeared - it seemed to be squeezed out from within. A poke a meter further from the canal only resulted in the appearance of thin cracks.

The further you go, the stronger it is. And much stronger,” Ersati concluded. - Looks like we have a chance. Gracchus, let’s go to your native swamps. It's a pity there are no wet shoes. Although skis would be more suitable here. It reminds me more of ice than a quagmire.

We tried to step carefully. The first, as the lightest, was Ker. A few steps away from him, Gracchus brought up the rear of Yarik’s chain. Each one had a long metal pole in their hands.

“I’ll kill both of them if I fail,” Yarika hissed. In her state of transformation, she became heavier than even Zarkkan. The first steps still broke off the fragile edges of the poorly frozen slurry, but at shallow depths it was not scary.

“We are a great target now,” Yarika continued. “They don’t even have to aim.” Shoot at your feet, and then watch as two idiots writhe in convulsions, trying to stay afloat.

“This is a handsome guy’s song,” Gracchus grinned. - Although... why only two idiots? And you?

I can't breathe for about forty minutes. I'll get out somehow. Can you do that? Gracchus did not answer. Soon they reached the deck. The workshop closest to the trio was not the highest. No windows or visible exhaust vents. There is only one, but a huge door, now tightly closed. Its entire surface to the height of the zarkkan is dotted with convex geometric patterns.

This is what I understand - a real workshop! - Gracchus said admiringly. He ran his hand along the wall. It looked porous, like a sponge. - He's breathing!

Who is he? - Yarika asked.

Workshop, of course!

How is that?

And what they teach you! - Zarkkan muttered. - This is not the concrete that people use. Ours is a real work of art. It's porous. The workshop operates on the principle of a large thermos. Keeps warm in winter, cool in summer. No dampness, excellent ventilation!